<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" version="2.0" xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:googleplay="http://www.google.com/schemas/play-podcasts/1.0"><channel><title><![CDATA[THE THINKING TRAINER: "Chuyên Gia" Thế Giới Nói Gì?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Tổng hợp các bài viết từ "chuyên gia" trên các nền tảng truyền thông khác nhau. Những chuyên gia này được chọn lọc theo những tiêu chí sau:
(1) Là những cá nhân có trình độ - học vấn, kinh nghiệm hoặc cả hai - trong lĩnh vực của mình
(2) Truyền đạt thông tin một cách rõ ràng, dễ hiểu nhưng chính xác và đa chiều
(3) Trung thực, trong truyền tải thông tin cũng như định kiến của bản thân;
(4) Minh bạch về giới hạn của bản thân, về hiểu biết cũng như chuyên môn.]]></description><link>https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/s/thong-tin-tong-hop</link><image><url>https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JeF3!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0a5bedd-8a2d-4b73-a7d3-3b2cc703bec8_256x256.png</url><title>THE THINKING TRAINER: &quot;Chuyên Gia&quot; Thế Giới Nói Gì?</title><link>https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/s/thong-tin-tong-hop</link></image><generator>Substack</generator><lastBuildDate>Thu, 02 Jul 2026 16:58:59 GMT</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><copyright><![CDATA[The Thinking Trainer]]></copyright><language><![CDATA[en]]></language><webMaster><![CDATA[thethinkingtrainer@substack.com]]></webMaster><itunes:owner><itunes:email><![CDATA[thethinkingtrainer@substack.com]]></itunes:email><itunes:name><![CDATA[The Thinking Trainer]]></itunes:name></itunes:owner><itunes:author><![CDATA[The Thinking Trainer]]></itunes:author><googleplay:owner><![CDATA[thethinkingtrainer@substack.com]]></googleplay:owner><googleplay:email><![CDATA[thethinkingtrainer@substack.com]]></googleplay:email><googleplay:author><![CDATA[The Thinking Trainer]]></googleplay:author><itunes:block><![CDATA[Yes]]></itunes:block><item><title><![CDATA[THUỐC "GIỮ CƠ" - LỜI GIẢI CHO "GIẢM MỠ GIỮ NẠC" DỄ DÀNG?]]></title><description><![CDATA[I&#769;t nh&#226;&#769;t &#417;&#777; khi&#769;a ca&#803;nh th&#234;&#777; ch&#226;&#769;t va&#768; s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e, ta&#803;o ho&#769;a v&#226;&#771;n chi&#234;&#769;n th&#259;&#769;ng.]]></description><link>https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/thuoc-giu-co-loi-giai-cho-giam-mo</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/thuoc-giu-co-loi-giai-cho-giam-mo</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[The Thinking Trainer]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 02 Jul 2026 11:36:12 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r3K-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd231f3ac-a554-46a8-a54a-1574e01ed2f4_1920x1080.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r3K-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd231f3ac-a554-46a8-a54a-1574e01ed2f4_1920x1080.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r3K-!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd231f3ac-a554-46a8-a54a-1574e01ed2f4_1920x1080.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r3K-!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd231f3ac-a554-46a8-a54a-1574e01ed2f4_1920x1080.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r3K-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd231f3ac-a554-46a8-a54a-1574e01ed2f4_1920x1080.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r3K-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd231f3ac-a554-46a8-a54a-1574e01ed2f4_1920x1080.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r3K-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd231f3ac-a554-46a8-a54a-1574e01ed2f4_1920x1080.png" width="1456" height="819" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d231f3ac-a554-46a8-a54a-1574e01ed2f4_1920x1080.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:819,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r3K-!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd231f3ac-a554-46a8-a54a-1574e01ed2f4_1920x1080.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r3K-!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd231f3ac-a554-46a8-a54a-1574e01ed2f4_1920x1080.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r3K-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd231f3ac-a554-46a8-a54a-1574e01ed2f4_1920x1080.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!r3K-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd231f3ac-a554-46a8-a54a-1574e01ed2f4_1920x1080.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><span>&#416;&#777; m&#244;&#803;t ba&#768;i vi&#234;&#769;t tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c cu&#771;ng v&#234;&#768; chu&#777; &#273;&#234;&#768; gia&#777;m c&#226;n, mi&#768;nh co&#769; ba&#768;n v&#234;&#768; &#273;&#234;&#769;n c&#226;u chuy&#234;&#803;n &#8220;</span><em><span>gia&#777;m 10kg trong 1 tha&#769;ng&#8221;</span></em><span> va&#768; nh&#432;&#771;ng li&#769; do co&#769; th&#234;&#777; d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n &#273;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y.</span></p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;67b12cae-4326-474a-abe9-2092205e7595&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Mi&#768;nh na&#777;y ra chu&#777; &#273;&#234;&#768; na&#768;y t&#432;&#768; b&#432;&#769;c a&#777;nh chu&#803;p la&#803;i m&#244;&#803;t ba&#768;i &#273;&#259;ng tr&#234;n Threads vi&#768; no&#769; &#273;a&#803;i di&#234;&#803;n kha&#769; t&#244;&#769;t cho ca&#769;ch hi&#234;&#777;u kh&#244;ng &#273;&#226;&#768;y &#273;u&#777; va&#768; co&#769; ph&#226;&#768;n l&#234;&#803;ch la&#803;c cu&#777;a kh&#244;ng i&#769;t ba&#803;n, ca&#777; ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p ph&#244;&#777; th&#244;ng l&#226;&#771;n hu&#226;&#769;n luy&#234;&#803;n vi&#234;n, v&#234;&#768; ca&#769;c ki&#234;&#769;n th&#432;&#769;c chuy&#234;n m&#244;n li&#234;n quan &#273;&#234;&#769;n gia&#777;m m&#417;&#771;.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;V&#202;&#768; QUY T&#258;&#769;C &#8216;3500 CALO&#8217; &quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:180133116,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;The Thinking Trainer&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Trang th&#244;ng tin, b&#224;i vi&#7871;t chuy&#234;n m&#244;n c&#7911;a The Thinking Trainer&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f878e649-bd67-4fac-9d1c-04cb3d98c0be_940x788.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null},{&quot;id&quot;:28812685,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;The(over)Thinking (not)Trainer&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;...&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I48t!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F00b4ddbb-9238-4a8b-9f31-d1b2f4de2242_960x960.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:true,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null,&quot;primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl&quot;:&quot;https://theoverthinkingnottrainer.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;primaryPublicationUrl&quot;:&quot;https://theoverthinkingnottrainer.substack.com&quot;,&quot;primaryPublicationName&quot;:&quot;The(over)Thinking (not)Trainer&quot;,&quot;primaryPublicationId&quot;:9578159}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-06-18T05:13:07.551Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IL-Y!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Feb322e23-800d-4f67-a200-7c117c22d5ab_526x765.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/ve-quy-tac-3500-calo&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:202533930,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2081899,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;THE THINKING TRAINER&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JeF3!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0a5bedd-8a2d-4b73-a7d3-3b2cc703bec8_256x256.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><p><span>M&#244;&#803;t ca&#769;ch hi&#234;&#803;n &#273;ang tr&#417;&#777; n&#234;n ph&#244;&#777; bi&#234;&#769;n, nh&#432;ng v&#226;&#771;n co&#768;n kha&#769; m&#417;&#769;i &#417;&#777; Vi&#234;&#803;t Nam (co&#769; le&#771; cu&#771;ng vi&#768; th&#234;&#769; ma&#768; mi&#768;nh qu&#234;n b&#259;&#771;ng lu&#244;n), co&#769; th&#234;&#777; d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n m&#432;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; gia&#777;m c&#226;n kh&#244;ng t&#432;&#417;&#777;ng na&#768;y la&#768; s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng ca&#769;c loa&#803;i &#8220;thu&#244;&#769;c gia&#777;m c&#226;n&#8221;, hi&#234;&#803;n &#417;&#777; Vi&#234;&#803;t Nam &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c bi&#234;&#769;t &#273;&#234;&#769;n d&#432;&#417;&#769;i da&#803;ng &#8220;b&#250;t gi&#7843;m c&#226;n&#8221; (search nhanh &#417;&#777; Vi&#234;&#803;t Nam &#273;a&#771; co&#769; chu&#244;&#771;i Long Ch&#226;u ba&#769;n r&#244;&#768;i, t&#226;&#769;t nhi&#234;n la&#768; thu&#244;&#769;c k&#234; toa, pha&#777;i co&#769; &#273;&#417;n ba&#769;c si&#771;).</span></p><p><span>Thay vi&#768; th&#244;ng qua t&#259;ng ti&#234;u hao n&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng hay &#273;em la&#803;i hi&#234;&#803;u &#432;&#769;ng ki&#769;ch thi&#769;ch, gia&#777;m m&#234;&#803;t mo&#777;i (nh&#432; Caffeine), c&#417; ch&#234;&#769; cu&#777;a ca&#769;c loa&#803;i thu&#244;&#769;c na&#768;y la&#768; giu&#769;p ki&#234;&#777;m soa&#769;t vi&#803; gia&#769;c va&#768; ca&#777;m gia&#769;c the&#768;m &#259;n. Chu&#769;ng &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ghi nh&#226;&#803;n &#273;em la&#803;i hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; gia&#777;m &#273;a&#769;ng kinh nga&#803;c, d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n gia&#777;m m&#244;&#803;t l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng c&#226;n l&#417;&#769;n m&#244;&#803;t ca&#769;ch d&#234;&#771; da&#768;ng, nh&#432;ng cu&#771;ng ke&#769;o theo nh&#432;&#771;ng h&#234;&#803; lu&#803;y ti&#234;u c&#432;&#803;c, trong &#273;o&#769; co&#769; </span><em><strong><span>m&#226;&#769;t c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p</span></strong></em><span>.</span></p><p><span>&#272;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n c&#226;u ho&#777;i: la&#768;m ca&#769;ch na&#768;o &#273;&#234;&#777; gia&#777;m c&#226;n chu&#777; y&#234;&#769;u t&#432;&#768; M&#417;&#771;, va&#768; ba&#777;o toa&#768;n/ha&#803;n ch&#234;&#769; m&#226;&#769;t C&#417; </span><em><span>d&#234;&#771; da&#768;ng </span></em><span>nh&#432; khi gia&#777;m c&#226;n?</span></p><p><span>M&#244;&#803;t video g&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#226;y b&#417;&#777;i </span><em><strong><span>Bran Stanfield</span></strong></em><span>, m&#244;&#803;t ba&#769;c si&#771; ha&#768;nh ngh&#234;&#768; ta&#803;i U&#769;c, chia se&#777; nh&#432;&#771;ng pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n m&#417;&#769;i li&#234;n quan &#273;&#234;&#769;n m&#244;&#803;t ph&#432;&#417;ng a&#769;n ba&#777;o toa&#768;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p khi gia&#777;m c&#226;n, th&#244;ng qua &#432;&#769;c ch&#234;&#769; </span><em><span>Myostatin</span></em><span>.</span></p><p><span>Ba&#768;i vi&#234;&#769;t na&#768;y to&#769;m t&#259;&#769;t la&#803;i nh&#432;&#771;ng n&#244;&#803;i dung cu&#777;a video, va&#768; se&#771; k&#234;&#769;t thu&#769;c v&#417;&#769;i m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; suy nghi&#771; cu&#777;a mi&#768;nh v&#234;&#768; chu&#777; &#273;&#234;&#768; na&#768;y.</span></p><blockquote><div id="youtube2-Zit5we5Ss18" class="youtube-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;videoId&quot;:&quot;Zit5we5Ss18&quot;,&quot;startTime&quot;:null,&quot;endTime&quot;:null}" data-component-name="Youtube2ToDOM"><div class="youtube-inner"><iframe src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/Zit5we5Ss18?rel=0&amp;autoplay=0&amp;showinfo=0&amp;enablejsapi=0" frameborder="0" loading="lazy" gesture="media" allow="autoplay; fullscreen" allowautoplay="true" allowfullscreen="true" width="728" height="409"></iframe></div></div></blockquote><h1><span>Thu&#244;&#769;c gia&#777;m c&#226;n: Gia&#777;m c&#226;n (va&#768; gia&#777;m ca&#777; c&#417;)</span></h1><blockquote><p><strong><span>&#9888;&#65039;ca&#769;c th&#244;ng tin sau &#273;&#226;y chi&#777; nh&#259;&#768;m mu&#803;c &#273;i&#769;ch gia&#769;o du&#803;c, kh&#244;ng pha&#777;i la&#768; chi&#777; d&#226;&#771;n y khoa</span>&#9888;&#65039;</strong></p></blockquote><p><span>Th&#417;&#768;i gian g&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#226;y &#273;a&#771; ch&#432;&#769;ng ki&#234;&#769;n s&#432;&#803; bu&#768;ng n&#244;&#777; v&#234;&#768; vi&#234;&#803;c s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng ca&#769;c loa&#803;i thu&#244;&#769;c gia&#777;m c&#226;n, s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng nh&#432;&#771;ng h&#417;&#803;p ch&#226;&#769;t nh&#432; semaglutide, tirzepatide, hay g&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#226;y la&#768; retatrutide, &#273;&#234;&#777; thu&#769;c &#273;&#226;&#777;y gia&#777;m c&#226;n. Ca&#769;c h&#417;&#803;p ch&#226;&#769;t na&#768;y &#273;em la&#803;i hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; &#273;&#234;&#768;u b&#259;&#768;ng ca&#769;ch t&#226;&#803;n du&#803;ng nh&#432;&#771;ng hi&#234;&#803;u &#432;&#769;ng cu&#777;a ca&#769;c hormone trong da&#803; da&#768;y &#273;&#234;&#777; ki&#234;&#777;m soa&#769;t vi&#803; gia&#769;c, c&#417;n &#273;o&#769;i va&#768; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#768;ng huy&#234;&#769;t. Chu&#769;ng co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c chia la&#768;m</span><a href="https://lolahealth.com/blogs/longevity/retatrutide-vs-semaglutide-comparison?srsltid=AfmBOoqynZMya9mS3QMGxkOB9HtKcC1WMRNyUrZCkmOsGvR9CYhbI1DD#:~:text=The%20Three%20Generations%20of%20Weight%20Loss%20Injections"><span> 3 th&#234;&#769; h&#234;&#803;</span></a><span> (gen):</span></p><p><strong><span>Gen 1 (2017-2021)</span></strong><span>: </span><em><strong><span>Semaglutide </span></strong></em><span>(th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c bi&#234;&#769;t &#273;&#234;&#769;n v&#417;&#769;i t&#234;n go&#803;i Ozempic) m&#244; pho&#777;ng hi&#234;&#803;u &#432;&#769;ng cu&#777;a hormone </span><strong><span>GLP-1</span></strong><span> (</span><em><span>glucagon-like peptide 1</span></em><span>) va&#768; ta&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803;ng l&#234;n ca&#769;c thu&#803; th&#234;&#777; cu&#777;a hormone na&#768;y, &#273;em la&#803;i hi&#234;&#803;u &#432;&#769;ng la&#768;m ch&#226;&#803;m t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; ti&#234;u ho&#769;a, khi&#234;&#769;n ba&#803;n ca&#777;m gia&#769;c no l&#226;u h&#417;n, la&#768;m gia&#777;m ti&#769;n hi&#234;&#803;u vi&#803; gia&#769;c truy&#234;&#768;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n na&#771;o b&#244;&#803;, va&#768; t&#259;ng ti&#234;&#769;t Insulin khi &#273;&#432;&#417;&#768;ng huy&#234;&#769;t t&#259;ng cao.</span></p><p><strong><span>Gen 2 (2022/2023)</span></strong><span>: </span><em><strong><span>Tirzepatide</span></strong></em><span>, b&#234;n ca&#803;nh ta&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803;ng va&#768;o thu&#803; th&#234;&#777; cu&#777;a GLP-1, co&#768;n ta&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803;ng va&#768;o ca&#777; thu&#803; th&#234;&#777; cu&#777;a </span><strong><span>GIP </span></strong><span>(</span><em><span>glucose-dependent insolinutropic polypeptide</span></em><span>), ph&#244;&#769;i h&#417;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i hi&#234;&#803;u &#432;&#769;ng cu&#777;a GLP-1 &#273;&#234;&#777; t&#259;ng c&#432;&#417;&#768;ng ti&#234;&#769;t Insulin, ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a ch&#226;&#769;t Be&#769;o va&#768; t&#259;ng ca&#777;m gia&#769;c tho&#777;a ma&#771;n khi &#259;n.</span></p><p><strong><span>Gen 3 (hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i)</span></strong><span>: </span><em><strong><span>Retatrutide</span></strong></em><span>, ti&#234;&#769;p tu&#803;c x&#226;y d&#432;&#803;ng t&#432;&#768; ca&#769;c th&#234;&#769; h&#234;&#803; tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c &#273;o&#769;, ta&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803;ng th&#234;m ca&#777; va&#768;o thu&#803; th&#234;&#777; cu&#777;a </span><strong><a href="https://www.e-enm.org/journal/view.php?number=2466"><span>Glucagon</span></a></strong><span>, khi k&#234;&#769;t h&#417;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i GLP-1 va&#768; GIP co&#768;n &#273;em la&#803;i hi&#234;&#803;u &#432;&#769;ng ma&#803;nh me&#771; h&#417;n n&#432;&#771;a &#273;&#234;&#769;n ki&#768;m ha&#771;m vi&#803; gia&#769;c, t&#259;ng ti&#234;u hao n&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng va&#768; ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a, v&#417;&#769;i m&#244;&#803;t hi&#234;&#803;u &#432;&#769;ng ca&#769; bi&#234;&#803;t kh&#244;ng co&#769; &#417;&#777; ca&#769;c th&#234;&#769; h&#234;&#803; tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c la&#768; gia&#777;m M&#417;&#771; &#417;&#777; Gan.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!M599!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F992c8176-e9da-4c8d-ab76-189ad3322b09_964x349.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!M599!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F992c8176-e9da-4c8d-ab76-189ad3322b09_964x349.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!M599!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F992c8176-e9da-4c8d-ab76-189ad3322b09_964x349.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!M599!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F992c8176-e9da-4c8d-ab76-189ad3322b09_964x349.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!M599!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F992c8176-e9da-4c8d-ab76-189ad3322b09_964x349.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!M599!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F992c8176-e9da-4c8d-ab76-189ad3322b09_964x349.png" width="964" height="349" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/992c8176-e9da-4c8d-ab76-189ad3322b09_964x349.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:349,&quot;width&quot;:964,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!M599!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F992c8176-e9da-4c8d-ab76-189ad3322b09_964x349.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!M599!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F992c8176-e9da-4c8d-ab76-189ad3322b09_964x349.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!M599!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F992c8176-e9da-4c8d-ab76-189ad3322b09_964x349.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!M599!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F992c8176-e9da-4c8d-ab76-189ad3322b09_964x349.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Ngu&#244;&#768;n: LolaHealth.</figcaption></figure></div><p><span>No&#769;i ca&#769;ch kha&#769;c, s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng nh&#432;&#771;ng loa&#803;i thu&#244;&#769;c na&#768;y khi&#234;&#769;n ba&#803;n &#259;n i&#769;t &#273;i m&#244;&#803;t ca&#769;ch d&#234;&#771; da&#768;ng, b&#259;&#768;ng ca&#769;ch khi&#234;&#769;n ba&#803;n ca&#777;m th&#226;&#769;y i&#769;t the&#768;m &#259;n h&#417;n, no l&#226;u h&#417;n sau b&#432;&#771;a &#259;n, va&#768; co&#769; le&#771; quan tro&#803;ng nh&#226;&#769;t, i&#769;t chi&#803;u a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng b&#417;&#777;i m&#244;i tr&#432;&#417;&#768;ng th&#432;&#803;c ph&#226;&#777;m hi&#234;&#803;n &#273;a&#803;i v&#417;&#769;i nhi&#234;&#768;u ca&#769;m d&#244;&#771; t&#432;&#768; &#259;n u&#244;&#769;ng. Hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; cu&#777;a chu&#769;ng g&#226;&#768;n nh&#432; ngang ng&#432;&#777;a v&#417;&#769;i ph&#226;&#771;u thu&#226;&#803;t c&#259;&#769;t bo&#777; da&#803; da&#768;y &#273;&#234;&#777; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u tri&#803; be&#769;o phi&#768; (</span><em><span>bariatric surgery</span></em><span>), d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n gia&#777;m t&#432;&#768; 15% (</span><em><span>Semaglutide</span></em><span>) &#273;&#234;&#769;n 28% (</span><em><span>Retatrutide</span></em><span>) c&#226;n n&#259;&#803;ng ban &#273;&#226;&#768;u.</span></p><p><span>Tuy nhi&#234;n, s&#432;&#803; su&#803;t gia&#777;m c&#226;n n&#259;&#803;ng r&#226;&#769;t l&#417;&#769;n na&#768;y cu&#771;ng ke&#769;o theo nh&#432;&#771;ng lo nga&#803;i v&#234;&#768; su&#803;t gia&#777;m c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p, khi khoa&#777;ng ~25% l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng c&#226;n gia&#777;m &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#417;&#777; tr&#234;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n t&#432;&#768; l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng th&#226;n Na&#803;c.</span></p><blockquote><p><span>&#9888;&#65039;Nh&#432;ng chu&#769; y&#769; r&#259;&#768;ng, &#273;&#226;y la&#768; nh&#432;&#771;ng d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n t&#432;&#768; nh&#432;&#771;ng &#273;&#244;&#769;i t&#432;&#417;&#803;ng be&#769;o phi&#768; gia&#777;m c&#226;n; nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i na&#768;y cu&#771;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ba&#777;o v&#234;&#803; &#273;a&#769;ng k&#234;&#777; kho&#777;i nguy c&#417; m&#226;&#769;t th&#226;n Na&#803;c do co&#769; ti&#777; l&#234;&#803; M&#417;&#771; ban &#273;&#226;&#768;u r&#226;&#769;t l&#417;&#769;n.</span></p></blockquote><p><span>&#272;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y &#273;&#432;a chu&#769;ng ta &#273;&#234;&#769;n chu&#777; &#273;&#234;&#768; hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i xoay quanh </span><em><strong><span>Myostatin </span></strong></em><span>- &#273;u&#769;ng h&#417;n la&#768; ca&#769;c ch&#226;&#769;t &#432;&#769;c ch&#234;&#769; loa&#803;i Protein na&#768;y - nh&#432; m&#244;&#803;t ca&#769;ch &#273;&#234;&#777; ba&#777;o toa&#768;n th&#226;n Na&#803;c m&#244;&#803;t ca&#769;ch </span><em><span>d&#234;&#771; da&#768;ng </span></em><span>nh&#432; ca&#769;ch thu&#244;&#769;c gia&#777;m c&#226;n pha&#769;t huy hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; cu&#777;a no&#769;.</span></p><h1><span>Myostatin - chi&#768;a kho&#769;a cho &#8220;gia&#777;m M&#417;&#771; gi&#432;&#771; Na&#803;c&#8221; d&#234;&#771; da&#768;ng?</span></h1><p><span>Myostatin la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t loa&#803;i Protein &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c c&#417; th&#234;&#777; ti&#234;&#769;t ra, d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n ki&#768;m ha&#771;m qua&#769; tri&#768;nh c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p, &#273;&#234;&#777; c&#417; th&#234;&#777; kh&#244;ng t&#259;ng th&#234;m c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p v&#244; t&#244;&#803;i va&#803;.</span></p><p><span>Nghe co&#769; ve&#777; la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t &#273;i&#234;&#768;u v&#244; ly&#769; khi hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i ai cu&#771;ng mu&#244;&#769;n t&#259;ng c&#417;, nh&#432;ng &#273;&#226;y la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t &#273;&#259;&#803;c ti&#769;nh pho&#768;ng v&#234;&#803; cu&#777;a c&#417; th&#234;&#777; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c hi&#768;nh tha&#768;nh trong qua&#769; tri&#768;nh ti&#234;&#769;n ho&#769;a. Mang tr&#234;n mi&#768;nh l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng c&#417; qua&#769; l&#417;&#769;n 1) la&#768;m t&#259;ng n&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng ti&#234;u hao (c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p t&#244;&#769;n n&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng &#273;&#234;&#777; x&#226;y d&#432;&#803;ng va&#768; duy tri&#768;), va&#768; 2) la&#768;m gia&#777;m hi&#234;&#803;u su&#226;&#769;t chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng va&#768; s&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n (c&#417; th&#234;&#777; kh&#244;ng th&#234;&#777; v&#226;&#803;n chuy&#234;&#777;n ch&#226;&#769;t dinh d&#432;&#417;&#771;ng va&#768; Oxy &#273;u&#777; va&#768; ki&#803;p th&#417;&#768;i &#273;&#234;&#777; duy tri&#768; v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng trong th&#417;&#768;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng da&#768;i), trong t&#432;&#803; nhi&#234;n se&#771; &#273;e do&#803;a kha&#777; n&#259;ng sinh t&#244;&#768;n cu&#777;a con ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c nh&#432;&#771;ng m&#244;&#769;i &#273;e do&#803;a &#273;&#234;&#769;n t&#432;&#768; nh&#432;&#771;ng th&#417;&#768;i &#273;i&#234;&#777;m khan hi&#234;&#769;m l&#432;&#417;ng th&#432;&#803;c (vd: na&#803;n &#273;o&#769;i) va&#768;/ho&#259;&#803;c bi&#803; thu&#769; d&#432;&#771; s&#259;n &#273;u&#244;&#777;i/pha&#777;i &#273;i s&#259;n b&#259;&#769;t ha&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;m &#273;&#234;&#777; ki&#234;&#769;m &#259;n.</span></p><blockquote><p><span>Cu&#771;ng vi&#768; th&#234;&#769; ma&#768;, se&#771; kh&#244;ng co&#769; chuy&#234;&#803;n ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i ti&#234;&#768;n s&#432;&#777; co&#769; hi&#768;nh th&#234;&#777; l&#432;&#803;c l&#432;&#417;&#771;ng nh&#432; v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng vi&#234;n Th&#234;&#777; Hi&#768;nh &#273;&#226;u &#129315;</span></p></blockquote><p><span>S&#432;&#803; sa&#777;n sinh Myostatin &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ki&#769;ch hoa&#803;t b&#417;&#777;i 1 gene &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n va&#768;o n&#259;m 1997,  nh&#432;ng bi&#234;&#777;u hi&#234;&#803;n cu&#777;a no&#769; tr&#234;n ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i pha&#777;i &#273;&#417;&#803;i &#273;&#234;&#769;n n&#259;m 2004 m&#417;&#769;i &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n, &#417;&#777; m&#244;&#803;t tr&#432;&#417;&#768;ng h&#417;&#803;p cu&#777;a m&#244;&#803;t be&#769; trai m&#417;&#769;i sinh ra va&#768;i nga&#768;y tu&#244;&#777;i nh&#432;ng &#273;a&#771; co&#769; c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p vu&#768;ng &#272;u&#768;i pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n &#273;a&#769;ng kinh nga&#803;c.</span></p><blockquote></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3lwV!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1ab279f-5628-47cc-9c9c-f00850f3160f_255x233.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3lwV!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1ab279f-5628-47cc-9c9c-f00850f3160f_255x233.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3lwV!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1ab279f-5628-47cc-9c9c-f00850f3160f_255x233.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3lwV!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1ab279f-5628-47cc-9c9c-f00850f3160f_255x233.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3lwV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1ab279f-5628-47cc-9c9c-f00850f3160f_255x233.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3lwV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1ab279f-5628-47cc-9c9c-f00850f3160f_255x233.png" width="255" height="233" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d1ab279f-5628-47cc-9c9c-f00850f3160f_255x233.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:233,&quot;width&quot;:255,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3lwV!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1ab279f-5628-47cc-9c9c-f00850f3160f_255x233.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3lwV!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1ab279f-5628-47cc-9c9c-f00850f3160f_255x233.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3lwV!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1ab279f-5628-47cc-9c9c-f00850f3160f_255x233.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3lwV!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd1ab279f-5628-47cc-9c9c-f00850f3160f_255x233.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><span>V&#417;&#769;i hi&#234;&#803;u &#432;&#769;ng nh&#432; v&#226;&#803;y, Myostatin tr&#417;&#777; tha&#768;nh mu&#803;c ti&#234;u ta&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803;ng va&#768;o trong ca&#769;c pha&#769;p &#273;&#244;&#768; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u tri&#803; nh&#432;&#771;ng v&#226;&#769;n &#273;&#234;&#768; li&#234;n quan &#273;&#234;&#769;n nh&#432;&#417;&#803;c c&#417;, suy c&#417;, hay pho&#768;ng tra&#769;nh m&#226;&#769;t c&#417;.</span></p><h2><span>&#431;&#769;c ch&#234;&#769; Myostatin: ba&#768;i toa&#769;n kh&#244;ng co&#769; l&#417;&#768;i gia&#777;i (cho &#273;&#234;&#769;n g&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#226;y)</span></h2><blockquote><p><span>Tuy nhi&#234;n, &#8220;m&#417;&#777; kho&#769;a&#8217; ti&#234;&#768;m n&#259;ng t&#259;ng c&#417; v&#244; t&#226;&#803;n th&#244;ng qua &#432;&#769;c ch&#234;&#769; Myostatin kh&#244;ng h&#234;&#768; d&#234;&#771; da&#768;ng (n&#234;&#769;u kh&#244;ng thi&#768; ca&#769;c v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng vi&#234;n Th&#234;&#777; Hi&#768;nh &#273;a&#771; s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng tra&#768;n lan r&#244;&#768;i).</span></p></blockquote><p><span>Khi &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c </span><em><span>ki&#769;ch hoa&#803;t</span></em><span> va&#768; gia&#777;i pho&#769;ng va&#768;o tu&#226;&#768;n hoa&#768;n, Myostatin co&#769; c&#226;&#769;u tru&#769;c kh&#244;ng kha&#769;c gi&#768; so v&#417;&#769;i nhi&#234;&#768;u Protein thi&#234;&#769;t y&#234;&#769;u kha&#769;c trong c&#417; th&#234;&#777;, khi&#234;&#769;n vi&#234;&#803;c ta&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803;ng tr&#432;&#803;c ti&#234;&#769;p va&#768;o Myostatin cu&#771;ng &#273;&#244;&#768;ng th&#417;&#768;i a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng v&#244; t&#244;&#803;i va&#803; &#273;&#234;&#769;n ca&#769;c Protein na&#768;y, d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n ca&#769;c ta&#769;c du&#803;ng phu&#803; kh&#244;ng mong mu&#244;&#769;n.</span></p><p><span>Pha&#777;i m&#226;&#769;t &#273;&#234;&#769;n g&#226;&#768;n 30 n&#259;m k&#234;&#777; t&#432;&#768; khi h&#417;&#803;p ch&#226;&#769;t na&#768;y &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n, khoa ho&#803;c m&#417;&#769;i b&#259;&#769;t &#273;&#226;&#768;u ti&#768;m &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ca&#769;ch &#432;&#769;c ch&#234;&#769; Myostatin m&#244;&#803;t ca&#769;ch an toa&#768;n h&#417;n, d&#432;&#417;&#769;i da&#803;ng ca&#769;c loa&#803;i thu&#244;&#769;c ta&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803;ng va&#768;o Protein na&#768;y khi &#273;ang &#417;&#777; da&#803;ng </span><em><span>thu&#803; &#273;&#244;&#803;ng</span></em><span>. &#272;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y m&#417;&#777; ra ti&#234;&#768;m n&#259;ng k&#234;&#769;t h&#417;&#803;p nh&#432;&#771;ng loa&#803;i thu&#244;&#769;c &#8220;gi&#432;&#771; c&#417;&#8221; na&#768;y v&#417;&#769;i &#8220;thu&#244;&#769;c gia&#777;m c&#226;n&#8221; &#273;&#234;&#777; &#8220;gia&#777;m m&#417;&#771; gi&#432;&#771; na&#803;c.&#8221;</span></p><blockquote><p><span>Hai h&#417;&#803;p ch&#226;&#769;t sau &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c nh&#259;&#769;c &#273;&#234;&#769;n trong video &#417;&#777; &#273;&#226;&#768;u ba&#768;i, &#273;a&#803;i di&#234;&#803;n cho hai ca&#769;ch ti&#234;&#769;p c&#226;&#803;n kha&#769;c nhau v&#234;&#768; m&#432;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; quy&#234;&#769;t li&#234;&#803;t trong vi&#234;&#803;c &#432;&#769;c ch&#234;&#769; Myostatin.</span></p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wdpF!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae87a963-eeec-41b7-ab8f-cefe7662351e_612x417.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wdpF!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae87a963-eeec-41b7-ab8f-cefe7662351e_612x417.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wdpF!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae87a963-eeec-41b7-ab8f-cefe7662351e_612x417.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wdpF!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae87a963-eeec-41b7-ab8f-cefe7662351e_612x417.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wdpF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae87a963-eeec-41b7-ab8f-cefe7662351e_612x417.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wdpF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae87a963-eeec-41b7-ab8f-cefe7662351e_612x417.png" width="466" height="317.51960784313724" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ae87a963-eeec-41b7-ab8f-cefe7662351e_612x417.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:417,&quot;width&quot;:612,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:466,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wdpF!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae87a963-eeec-41b7-ab8f-cefe7662351e_612x417.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wdpF!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae87a963-eeec-41b7-ab8f-cefe7662351e_612x417.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wdpF!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae87a963-eeec-41b7-ab8f-cefe7662351e_612x417.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wdpF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae87a963-eeec-41b7-ab8f-cefe7662351e_612x417.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><span>H&#417;&#803;p ch&#226;&#769;t &#273;&#226;&#768;u ti&#234;n, Bimagrumab, ti&#234;&#769;p c&#226;&#803;n gia&#777;i pha&#769;p m&#244;&#803;t ca&#769;ch quy&#234;&#769;t li&#234;&#803;t h&#417;n, b&#259;&#768;ng ca&#769;ch bi&#803;t </span><a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7473049/#:~:text=ActRIIB%20regulates%20muscle%20growth%2C%20embryonic%20development%2C%20and%20reproduction%20in%20vertebrates"><span>thu&#803; th&#234;&#777; ActRIIB</span></a><span> (</span><em><span>Activin Receptor IIB</span></em><span>, co&#769; ch&#432;&#769;c n&#259;ng &#273;i&#234;&#768;u ho&#768;a ca&#769;c qua&#769; tri&#768;nh nh&#432; pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p, sinh sa&#777;n, va&#768; ta&#803;o m&#244; M&#417;&#771;). Trong</span><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-026-04204-0"><span> m&#244;&#803;t thi&#769; nghi&#234;&#803;m g&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#226;y</span></a><span>, khi s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng &#273;&#417;n le&#777;, h&#417;&#803;p ch&#226;&#769;t na&#768;y d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n m&#244;&#803;t k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; ch&#432;a t&#432;&#768;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ghi nh&#226;&#803;n &#417;&#777; ca&#769;c loa&#803;i thu&#244;&#769;c gia&#777;m c&#226;n kha&#769;c: nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng kh&#244;ng chi&#777; gia&#777;m M&#417;&#771; ma&#768; co&#768;n </span><em><span>t&#259;ng c&#417;</span></em><span>.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9x8!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd994f7df-7ea2-4576-b75c-dace52b6d628_784x972.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9x8!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd994f7df-7ea2-4576-b75c-dace52b6d628_784x972.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9x8!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd994f7df-7ea2-4576-b75c-dace52b6d628_784x972.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9x8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd994f7df-7ea2-4576-b75c-dace52b6d628_784x972.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9x8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd994f7df-7ea2-4576-b75c-dace52b6d628_784x972.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9x8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd994f7df-7ea2-4576-b75c-dace52b6d628_784x972.png" width="386" height="478.5612244897959" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d994f7df-7ea2-4576-b75c-dace52b6d628_784x972.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:972,&quot;width&quot;:784,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:386,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9x8!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd994f7df-7ea2-4576-b75c-dace52b6d628_784x972.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9x8!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd994f7df-7ea2-4576-b75c-dace52b6d628_784x972.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9x8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd994f7df-7ea2-4576-b75c-dace52b6d628_784x972.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J9x8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd994f7df-7ea2-4576-b75c-dace52b6d628_784x972.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><span>Tuy nhi&#234;n, nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng </span><em><span>Bimagrumab</span></em><span> cu&#771;ng g&#259;&#803;p pha&#777;i nh&#432;&#771;ng ta&#769;c du&#803;ng phu&#803; nh&#432; n&#244;&#777;i mu&#803;n, chu&#244;&#803;t ru&#769;t c&#417;, va&#768; t&#259;ng LDL Cholesterol (kh&#244;ng kha&#769;c m&#226;&#769;y v&#417;&#769;i nh&#432;&#771;ng ta&#769;c du&#803;ng phu&#803; khi s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng </span><em><span>Steroid</span></em><span>).</span></p><p><span>D&#432;&#417;&#768;ng nh&#432; vi&#768; nh&#432;&#771;ng ta&#769;c du&#803;ng phu&#803; na&#768;y, c&#244;ng ty pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#244;ng th&#432;&#769;c </span><em><span>Bimagrumab</span></em><span> na&#768;y (</span><em><span>Eli Lilly</span></em><span>) quy&#234;&#769;t &#273;i&#803;nh ng&#432;&#768;ng ca&#769;c thi&#769; nghi&#234;&#803;m v&#417;&#769;i h&#417;&#803;p ch&#226;&#769;t na&#768;y va&#768;o Tha&#769;ng 09/2025.</span></p><blockquote><p><span>H&#417;&#803;p ch&#226;&#769;t th&#432;&#769; hai &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c nh&#259;&#769;c &#273;&#234;&#769;n la&#768; </span><em><strong><span>Apitegromab</span></strong></em><span>.</span></p></blockquote><p><em><span>Apitegromab</span></em><span> ta&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803;ng cu&#803; th&#234;&#777; va&#768; chi&#769;nh xa&#769;c va&#768;o ti&#234;&#768;n ch&#226;&#769;t cu&#777;a Myostatin, trong khi bo&#777; qua ca&#769;c Protein li&#234;n &#273;&#417;&#769;i kha&#769;c.</span></p><p><span>H&#417;&#803;p ch&#226;&#769;t na&#768;y ban &#273;&#226;&#768;u &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng tha&#768;nh c&#244;ng trong &#273;i&#234;&#768;u tri&#803; nh&#432;&#417;&#803;c c&#417; tu&#777;y s&#244;&#769;ng (</span><em><span>spinal muscular atrophy</span></em><span>, m&#244;&#803;t b&#234;&#803;nh di truy&#234;&#768;n g&#226;y ra ti&#768;nh tra&#803;ng nh&#432;&#417;&#803;c c&#417; &#417;&#777; tre&#777; em), &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ghi nh&#226;&#803;n giu&#769;p ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n ch&#432;&#769;c n&#259;ng v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng m&#244;&#803;t ca&#769;ch an toa&#768;n &#417;&#777; ca&#769;c tre&#777; em bi&#803; nh&#432;&#417;&#803;c c&#417;.</span></p><p><span>Khi a&#769;p du&#803;ng trong b&#244;&#769;i ca&#777;nh gia&#777;m c&#226;n, </span><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-026-04440-4"><span>trong m&#244;&#803;t thi&#769; nghi&#234;&#803;m g&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#226;y tr&#234;n nh&#432;&#771;ng &#273;&#244;&#769;i t&#432;&#417;&#803;ng th&#432;&#768;a c&#226;n/be&#769;o phi&#768;</span></a><span>, </span><em><span>Apitegromab </span></em><span>s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng k&#234;&#769;t h&#417;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i </span><em><span>Tirzepatide</span></em><span> &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ghi nh&#226;&#803;n co&#769; hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; ba&#777;o toa&#768;n th&#226;n Na&#803;c t&#244;&#769;t h&#417;n trong khi d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n gia&#777;m l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng c&#226;n t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng v&#417;&#769;i khi s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng </span><em><span>Tirzepatide </span></em><span>k&#234;&#769;t h&#417;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i Gia&#777; d&#432;&#417;&#803;c, trong khi kh&#244;ng g&#226;y ra a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng ti&#234;u c&#432;&#803;c na&#768;o v&#234;&#768; tim ma&#803;ch.</span></p><p><span>Tuy nhi&#234;n, m&#259;&#803;c du&#768; ba&#777;o toa&#768;n th&#226;n Na&#803;c t&#244;&#769;t h&#417;n, </span><em><span>Apitegromab</span></em><span> kh&#244;ng d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n b&#226;&#769;t c&#432;&#769; thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i na&#768;o v&#234;&#768; kha&#777; n&#259;ng v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng cu&#777;a nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i tham gia (pha&#777;n a&#769;nh b&#417;&#777;i s&#432;&#769;c ma&#803;nh tay n&#259;&#769;m va&#768; kha&#777; n&#259;ng &#273;&#432;&#769;ng l&#234;n ng&#244;&#768;i xu&#244;&#769;ng).</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SYjE!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ae10018-62f9-4ff6-8018-f091c8cea195_729x778.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SYjE!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ae10018-62f9-4ff6-8018-f091c8cea195_729x778.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SYjE!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ae10018-62f9-4ff6-8018-f091c8cea195_729x778.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SYjE!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ae10018-62f9-4ff6-8018-f091c8cea195_729x778.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SYjE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ae10018-62f9-4ff6-8018-f091c8cea195_729x778.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SYjE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ae10018-62f9-4ff6-8018-f091c8cea195_729x778.png" width="449" height="479.17969821673523" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SYjE!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ae10018-62f9-4ff6-8018-f091c8cea195_729x778.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SYjE!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ae10018-62f9-4ff6-8018-f091c8cea195_729x778.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SYjE!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ae10018-62f9-4ff6-8018-f091c8cea195_729x778.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SYjE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ae10018-62f9-4ff6-8018-f091c8cea195_729x778.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h1><span>&#272;i&#234;&#768;u gi&#768; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; ru&#769;t ra &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c</span></h1><p><span>Nh&#432;&#771;ng n&#244;&#803;i dung tr&#234;nve&#771; ra m&#244;&#803;t b&#432;&#769;c tranh &#273;&#226;&#768;y h&#432;&#769;a he&#803;n va&#768; ph&#226;&#769;n khi&#769;ch v&#234;&#768; tri&#234;&#777;n vo&#803;ng cu&#777;a vi&#234;&#803;c &#8220;lean&#8221; quanh n&#259;m d&#234;&#771; da&#768;ng. Kh&#244;ng c&#226;&#768;n t&#226;&#803;p, chi&#777; c&#226;&#768;n u&#244;&#769;ng hay ti&#234;m thu&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#234;&#768;u &#273;&#259;&#803;n ca&#769;c li&#234;&#768;u thu&#244;&#769;c gia&#777;m c&#226;n va&#768; gi&#432;&#771; c&#417;.</span></p><p><span>Game na&#768;y d&#234;&#771;, s&#417;&#769;m mu&#244;&#803;n toa&#768;n d&#226;n ai cu&#771;ng co&#769; th&#226;n hi&#768;nh nh&#432; ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i m&#226;&#771;u.</span></p><p><span>Li&#769; t&#432;&#417;&#777;ng co&#769; ve&#777; la&#768; v&#226;&#803;y, nh&#432;ng mi&#768;nh nghi&#771; no&#769; he&#769; l&#244;&#803; m&#244;&#803;t so&#769; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u bi quan v&#234;&#768; gi&#417;&#769;i fitness.</span></p><h2><span>Goodhart&#8217;s Law va&#768; Tra&#768;o l&#432;u &#8216;&#273;i t&#259;&#769;t&#8217;</span></h2><p><span>Vi&#234;&#803;c</span><strong><span> &#273;i ti&#768;m l&#244;&#769;i t&#259;&#769;t hay gia&#777;i pha&#769;p d&#234;&#771; da&#768;ng</span></strong><span> kh&#244;ng pha&#777;i la&#768; m&#417;&#769;i. Co&#769; le&#771; no&#769; se&#771; nga&#768;y ca&#768;ng ph&#244;&#777; bi&#234;&#769;n trong m&#244;&#803;t xa&#771; h&#244;&#803;i a&#769;m a&#777;nh v&#417;&#769;i ca&#769;c th&#244;ng s&#244;&#769; &#273;o l&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c (th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c bi&#234;&#769;t &#273;&#234;&#769;n th&#244;ng qua kha&#769;i ni&#234;&#803;m &#8220;kpi&#8221;), va&#768; ti&#768;m ca&#769;ch t&#244;&#769;i &#432;u ho&#769;a chu&#769;ng. K&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a, &#273;&#226;&#768;u t&#432; t&#244;&#769;i thi&#234;&#777;u, max l&#417;&#803;i nhu&#226;&#803;n &#128176;&#128184;&#129776;.</span></p><p><span>Trong qua&#769; kh&#432;&#769;, th&#432;&#769; l&#226;&#803;t t&#226;&#777;y nh&#432;&#771;ng &#8220;ma&#769;nh kho&#769;e&#8221; hay &#8220;me&#803;o v&#259;&#803;t&#8221; th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng la&#768; s&#432;&#803; thi&#234;&#769;u hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; cu&#777;a chu&#769;ng - th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng xu&#226;&#769;t pha&#769;t t&#432;&#768; nh&#432;&#771;ng hi&#234;&#777;u bi&#234;&#769;t hay suy di&#234;&#771;n kh&#244;ng chi&#769;nh xa&#769;c li&#234;n quan &#273;&#234;&#769;n ca&#769;ch c&#417; th&#234;&#777; con ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i v&#226;&#803;n ha&#768;nh. &#416;&#777; hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i, co&#769; ve&#777; khoa ho&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n &#273;a&#803;i &#273;ang tr&#417;&#777; n&#234;n qua&#769; gio&#777;i trong vi&#234;&#803;c khi&#234;&#769;n ca&#769;c &#8220;l&#244;&#769;i t&#259;&#769;t&#8221; tr&#417;&#777; n&#234;n co&#769; hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; g&#226;&#768;n h&#417;n v&#417;&#769;i ki&#768; vo&#803;ng.</span></p><p><span>Nh&#432;ng, khi chu&#769;ng nga&#768;y ca&#768;ng tr&#417;&#777; n&#234;n hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777;, vi&#234;&#803;c la&#803;m du&#803;ng nh&#432;&#771;ng ph&#432;&#417;ng a&#769;n na&#768;y co&#769; xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng khi&#234;&#769;n mo&#803;i ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i nh&#226;&#768;m l&#226;&#771;n gi&#432;&#771;a </span><em><span>k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777;</span></em><span> ma&#768; ho&#803; mu&#244;&#769;n &#273;a&#803;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c, va&#768; nh&#432;&#771;ng </span><em><span>chi&#777; s&#244;&#769;</span></em><span> &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng &#273;&#234;&#777; &#273;o l&#432;&#417;&#768;ng no&#769;.</span></p><p><span>Vi&#769; du&#803;: gia&#777;m c&#226;n, hay khi&#234;&#769;n con s&#244;&#769; tr&#234;n ba&#768;n c&#226;n gia&#777;m xu&#244;&#769;ng, th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng &#273;&#234;&#777; pha&#777;n a&#769;nh gia&#777;m l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng M&#417;&#771; tr&#234;n c&#417; th&#234;&#777;, T&#432;&#417;ng t&#432;&#803;, l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c coi &#273;&#234;&#777; pha&#777;n a&#769;nh kha&#777; n&#259;ng v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng, cu&#771;ng nh&#432; &#273;&#226;&#777;y lu&#768;i a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng cu&#777;a la&#771;o ho&#769;a</span></p><p><span>Nh&#432;&#771;ng chi&#777; s&#244;&#769; na&#768;y pha&#777;n a&#769;nh m&#244;&#803;t ca&#769;ch su&#769;c ti&#769;ch, nh&#432;ng </span><em><span>kh&#244;ng &#273;&#226;&#768;y &#273;u&#777;</span></em><span>, k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; ma&#768; chu&#769;ng ta mu&#244;&#769;n ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n th&#432;&#803;c s&#432;&#803;.</span></p><blockquote><p><strong><span>Khi m&#244;&#803;t </span></strong><em><strong><span>chi&#777; s&#244;&#769; </span></strong></em><strong><span>tr&#417;&#777; tha&#768;nh </span></strong><em><strong><span>k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777;</span></strong></em><strong><span>, no&#769; kh&#244;ng co&#768;n la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t chi&#777; s&#244;&#769; co&#769; i&#769;ch</span></strong></p></blockquote><p><span>hay co&#768;n go&#803;i la&#768; &#8220;</span><strong><span>&#272;i&#803;nh lu&#226;&#803;t Goodhart</span></strong><span>&#8221; (</span><em><span>Goodhart&#8217;s Law</span></em><span>).</span></p><p><span>Trong nhi&#234;&#768;u tr&#432;&#417;&#768;ng h&#417;&#803;p, la&#768;m nh&#432;&#771;ng vi&#234;&#803;c &#273;&#234;&#777; thu&#769;c &#273;&#226;&#777;y t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a nh&#432;&#771;ng chi&#777; s&#244;&#769; na&#768;y m&#244;&#803;t ca&#769;ch &#273;&#244;&#803;c l&#226;&#803;p kh&#244;ng th&#432;&#803;c s&#432;&#803; co&#769; y&#769; nghi&#771;a va&#768; th&#226;&#803;m chi&#769; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n nh&#432;&#771;ng h&#234;&#803; qua&#777; b&#226;&#769;t l&#417;&#803;i.</span></p><p><span>Th&#432;&#777; l&#226;&#769;y vi&#769; du&#803; t&#432;&#768; chi&#769;nh s&#432;&#803; a&#769;m a&#777;nh v&#417;&#769;i c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p: b&#234;n ca&#803;nh v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng, m&#244;&#803;t vai tro&#768; chi&#769;nh cu&#777;a C&#417; b&#259;&#769;p la&#768; giu&#769;p ki&#234;&#777;m soa&#769;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#768;ng huy&#234;&#769;t, b&#259;&#768;ng ca&#769;ch thu na&#803;p &#273;&#432;&#417;&#768;ng va&#768; bi&#234;&#769;n no&#769; tha&#768;nh Glycogen. Nh&#432;ng &#273;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y la&#803;i c&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n: </span></p><ul><li><p><span>1) </span><em><strong><span>v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p</span></strong></em><span> (&#273;&#234;&#777; ki&#769;ch hoa&#803;t qua&#769; tri&#768;nh thu na&#803;p &#273;&#432;&#417;&#768;ng kh&#244;ng phu&#803; thu&#244;&#803;c va&#768;o Insulin), va&#768; </span></p></li><li><p><span>2) v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng v&#417;&#769;i kh&#244;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng va&#768; c&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#244;&#803; &#273;u&#777; l&#417;&#769;n &#273;&#234;&#777; </span><em><strong><span>ti&#234;u hao Glycogen</span></strong></em><span> (tr&#432;&#771; l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng Glycogen cu&#777;a c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p t&#259;ng gia&#777;m t&#432;&#417;ng &#432;&#769;ng v&#417;&#769;i nhu c&#226;&#768;u s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng).</span></p></li></ul><p><span>No&#769;i ca&#769;ch kha&#769;c, </span><strong><span>ba&#803;n</span></strong><span> </span><strong><span>c&#226;&#768;n pha&#777;i </span></strong><em><strong><span>t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n </span></strong></em><strong><span>&#273;&#234;&#777; thu &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c nh&#432;&#771;ng l&#417;&#803;i i&#769;ch na&#768;y t&#432;&#768; c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p</span></strong><span>. Ba&#777;n th&#226;n vi&#234;&#803;c gi&#432;&#771; la&#803;i hay t&#259;ng th&#234;m c&#417; ma&#768; thi&#234;&#769;u &#273;i ki&#769;ch thi&#769;ch quan tro&#803;ng na&#768;y g&#226;&#768;n nh&#432; v&#244; nghi&#771;a.</span></p><p><span>T&#432;&#417;ng t&#432;&#803;, khi gia&#777;m c&#226;n, chu&#769;ng ta th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng mu&#244;&#769;n c&#226;n n&#259;&#803;ng gia&#777;m &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c chu&#777; y&#234;&#769;u t&#432;&#768; M&#417;&#771; - th&#432;&#769; khi&#234;&#769;n vi&#234;&#803;c gia&#777;m c&#226;n co&#769; y&#769; nghi&#771;a, ca&#777; v&#234;&#768; th&#226;&#777;m my&#771; l&#226;&#771;n s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e. Tuy nhi&#234;n, nh&#432; &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#234;&#768; c&#226;&#803;p &#417;&#777; tr&#234;n cu&#771;ng nh&#432; &#417;&#777; ba&#768;i vi&#234;&#769;t tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c, s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng nh&#432;&#771;ng ph&#432;&#417;ng a&#769;n t&#226;&#803;p trung thu&#226;&#768;n tu&#769;y va&#768;o gia&#777;m c&#226;n, nh&#432; s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng thu&#244;&#769;c gia&#777;m c&#226;n, th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n m&#244;&#803;t ti&#777; l&#234;&#803; kh&#244;ng nho&#777; cu&#777;a l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng c&#226;n gia&#777;m &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c </span><em><span>&#273;&#234;&#769;n t&#432;&#768; th&#226;n Na&#803;c</span></em><span>.</span></p><p><span>Cho n&#234;n mi&#768;nh th&#226;&#769;y kha&#769; bu&#244;&#768;n c&#432;&#417;&#768;i khi ma&#768;, xu&#226;&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n li&#234;&#768;n b&#432;&#417;&#769;c v&#417;&#769;i s&#432;&#803; ph&#244;&#777; bi&#234;&#769;n cu&#777;a thu&#244;&#769;c gia&#777;m c&#226;n la&#768; nh&#432;&#771;ng lo nga&#803;i v&#234;&#768; m&#226;&#769;t c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p, loa&#771;ng x&#432;&#417;ng, hay ca&#769;c bi&#234;&#777;u hi&#234;&#803;n kha&#769;c cu&#777;a tra&#803;ng tha&#769;i &#8216;n&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng s&#259;&#771;n co&#769; th&#226;&#769;p&#8217;. T&#226;&#769;t nhi&#234;n r&#244;&#768;i, s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng m&#244;&#803;t loa&#803;i thu&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#234;&#777; &#8216;hack&#8217; kh&#226;u truy&#234;&#768;n tin vi&#803; gia&#769;c va&#768; tho&#777;a ma&#771;n khi &#259;n, khi&#234;&#769;n ba&#803;n &#259;n i&#769;t &#273;i ro&#771; r&#234;&#803;t, trong khi kh&#244;ng cho c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p li&#769; do gi&#768; &#273;&#234;&#777; &#417;&#777; la&#803;i - tr&#417;&#768;i &#273;&#226;&#769;t, kh&#244;ng hi&#234;&#777;u vi&#768; sao ma&#768; c&#417; la&#803;i gia&#777;m &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c?</span></p><p><span>&#272;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n s&#432;&#803; quan t&#226;m &#273;&#234;&#769;n nh&#432;&#771;ng ph&#432;&#417;ng a&#769;n gi&#432;&#771; c&#417; &#273;&#234;&#777; s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng k&#234;&#769;t h&#417;&#803;p, nh&#432; ca&#769;c nh&#432;&#771;ng loa&#803;i h&#417;&#803;p ch&#226;&#769;t &#432;&#769;c ch&#234;&#769; Myostatin &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n &#417;&#777; tr&#234;n, nh&#432;ng r&#244;&#769;t cu&#803;c la&#803;i kh&#244;ng &#273;em la&#803;i s&#432;&#803; ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n v&#234;&#768; kha&#777; n&#259;ng v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng, va&#768; kha&#777; n&#259;ng cao la&#768; ca&#777; nh&#432;&#771;ng l&#417;&#803;i i&#769;ch v&#234;&#768; chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a ma&#768; c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p h&#432;&#769;a he&#803;n mang la&#803;i.</span></p><p><span>M&#244;&#803;t ti&#768;nh hu&#244;&#769;ng t&#432;&#417;ng t&#432;&#803; trong gi&#417;&#769;i fitness chu&#769;ng ta co&#769; th&#234;&#777; li&#234;n t&#432;&#417;&#777;ng t&#417;&#769;i la&#768; c&#417;n s&#244;&#769;t &#8220;ca&#768;y VO2max &#273;&#234;&#777; s&#244;&#769;ng l&#226;u&#8221;, d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n nh&#432;&#771;ng tra&#768;o l&#432;u xoay quanh ca&#769;c loa&#803;i ph&#432;&#417;ng pha&#769;p t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n &#273;&#234;&#777; t&#259;ng VO2max. Tuy nhi&#234;n, r&#244;&#769;t cu&#803;c VO2max pha&#777;n a&#769;nh k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; cu&#777;a m&#244;&#803;t qua&#769; tri&#768;nh re&#768;n luy&#234;&#803;n th&#234;&#777; ch&#226;&#769;t, c&#244;&#769; ca&#768;y no&#769; kh&#244;ng nghi&#234;&#771;m nhi&#234;n khi&#234;&#769;n ba&#803;n s&#244;&#769;ng l&#226;u h&#417;n.</span></p><p><span>R&#244;&#769;t cu&#803;c, thay vi&#768; &#273;u&#244;&#777;i theo ca&#769;c chi&#777; s&#244;&#769;, mi&#768;nh nghi&#771; gia&#777;i pha&#769;p v&#226;&#771;n kh&#244;ng co&#769; gi&#768; &#273;&#259;&#803;c s&#259;&#769;c hay ph&#226;&#769;n khi&#769;ch.</span></p><p><span>T&#226;&#803;p trung va&#768;o nh&#432;&#771;ng qua&#769; tri&#768;nh h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng &#273;&#234;&#769;n nh&#432;&#771;ng k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; ma&#768; nh&#432;&#771;ng chi&#777; s&#244;&#769; na&#768;y &#273;a&#803;i di&#234;&#803;n.</span></p><p><span>&#272;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i chu&#777; &#273;&#234;&#768; quen thu&#244;&#803;c &#8216;c&#417;&#8217; va&#768; &#8216;m&#417;&#771;&#8217;: X&#226;y d&#432;&#803;ng tho&#769;i quen sinh hoa&#803;t, &#259;n u&#244;&#769;ng, v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng h&#244;&#771; tr&#417;&#803; mu&#803;c ti&#234;u gia&#777;m m&#417;&#771;. T&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng &#273;&#234;&#769;n x&#226;y d&#432;&#803;ng s&#432;&#769;c ma&#803;nh va&#768; th&#234;&#777; l&#432;&#803;c, k&#234;&#769;t h&#417;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i m&#244;&#803;t ch&#234;&#769; &#273;&#244;&#803; &#259;n cung c&#226;&#769;p &#273;u&#777; &#272;a&#803;m va&#768; n&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng &#273;&#234;&#777; h&#244;&#771; tr&#417;&#803; ba&#777;o toa&#768;n va&#768; pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p, va&#768; n&#226;ng cao th&#234;&#777; ch&#226;&#769;t no&#769;i chung.</span></p><h2><span>T&#432;&#803; Quy&#234;&#769;t V&#417;&#769;i S&#432;&#769;c Kho&#777;e Va&#768; Th&#234;&#777; Ch&#226;&#769;t</span></h2><p><span>Chinh phu&#803;c ta&#803;o ho&#769;a va&#768; ch&#234;&#769; ng&#432;&#803; thi&#234;n nhi&#234;n &#273;&#234;&#777; co&#769; cu&#244;&#803;c s&#244;&#769;ng d&#234;&#771; da&#768;ng h&#417;n la&#768; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u con ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i lu&#244;n c&#244;&#769; g&#259;&#769;ng theo &#273;u&#244;&#777;i xuy&#234;n su&#244;&#769;t li&#803;ch s&#432;&#777; t&#244;&#768;n ta&#803;i cu&#777;a mi&#768;nh</span></p><p><span>Nhi&#234;&#768;u k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; cu&#777;a nh&#432;&#771;ng n&#244;&#771; l&#432;&#803;c na&#768;y &#273;em la&#803;i nh&#432;&#771;ng ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n ro&#771; r&#234;&#803;t cho cu&#244;&#803;c s&#244;&#769;ng con ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i, nh&#432;ng cu&#771;ng kh&#244;ng i&#769;t th&#432;&#769; trong s&#244;&#769; &#273;o&#769; d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n nh&#432;&#771;ng h&#234;&#803; qua&#777; ti&#234;u c&#432;&#803;c.</span></p><p><span>S&#432;&#803; a&#769;m a&#777;nh v&#417;&#769;i c&#226;n n&#259;&#803;ng trong th&#417;&#768;i &#273;i&#234;&#777;m hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i la&#768; pha&#777;n &#432;&#769;ng t&#432;&#803; nhi&#234;n v&#417;&#769;i nh&#432;&#771;ng h&#234;&#803; lu&#803;y ti&#234;u c&#432;&#803;c cu&#777;a m&#244;i tr&#432;&#417;&#768;ng th&#432;&#803;c ph&#226;&#777;m hi&#234;&#803;n &#273;a&#803;i, co&#769; xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng khi&#234;&#769;n con ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#259;ng vo&#768;ng Bu&#803;ng va&#768; m&#417;&#771; th&#432;&#768;a theo th&#417;&#768;i gian, k&#234;&#769;t h&#417;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i nh&#432;&#771;ng nh&#226;&#803;n th&#432;&#769;c me&#769;o pho&#769; v&#234;&#768; th&#226;&#777;m my&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c lan truy&#234;&#768;n r&#244;&#803;ng ra&#771;i tr&#234;n ma&#803;ng xa&#771; h&#244;&#803;i. Ca&#769;c loa&#803;i thu&#244;&#769;c gia&#777;m c&#226;n hi&#234;&#803;n &#273;a&#803;i &#273;em la&#803;i m&#244;&#803;t gia&#777;i pha&#769;p &#273;&#417;n gia&#777;n va&#768; d&#234;&#771; da&#768;ng cho &#273;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y.</span></p><p><span>Tuy nhi&#234;n, s&#432;&#803; la&#803;m du&#803;ng tha&#769;i qua&#769;, k&#234;&#769;t h&#417;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i s&#432;&#803; hi&#234;&#777;u bi&#234;&#769;t kh&#244;ng &#273;&#226;&#768;y &#273;u&#777; v&#234;&#768; ca&#769;ch c&#417; th&#234;&#777; v&#226;&#803;n ha&#768;nh, ke&#769;o theo m&#244;&#803;t v&#226;&#769;n &#273;&#234;&#768; kha&#769;c - m&#226;&#769;t c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p. Va&#768; co&#769; le&#771;, vi&#234;&#803;c b&#244;&#777; sung ca&#769;c h&#417;&#803;p ch&#226;&#769;t &#8216;gi&#432;&#771; c&#417;&#8217; nh&#432; &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n &#417;&#777; tr&#234;n la&#768; b&#432;&#417;&#769;c ti&#234;&#769;n tri&#234;&#777;n t&#432;&#803; nhi&#234;n cu&#777;a xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng na&#768;y.</span></p><p><span>Nh&#432;ng, ca&#777; hai &#273;&#234;&#768;u d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n m&#244;&#803;t v&#226;&#769;n &#273;&#234;&#768; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; la&#768;m gia&#777;m &#273;a&#769;ng k&#234;&#777; kha&#777; n&#259;ng tha&#768;nh c&#244;ng l&#226;u da&#768;i cu&#777;a ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng &#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i mu&#803;c ti&#234;u duy tri&#768; c&#226;n n&#259;&#803;ng &#244;&#777;n &#273;i&#803;nh va&#768; kho&#777;e ma&#803;nh: chu&#769;ng t&#432;&#417;&#769;c &#273;i s&#432;&#803; </span><em><strong><span>t&#432;&#803; chu&#777;</span></strong></em><strong><span> </span></strong><span>va&#768; </span><strong><span>ni&#234;&#768;m tin va&#768;o </span></strong><em><strong><span>n&#259;ng l&#432;&#803;c </span></strong></em><strong><span>cu&#777;a ba&#777;n th&#226;n </span></strong><span>cu&#777;a ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng. &#272;&#226;y la&#768; 2 nhu c&#226;&#768;u c&#417; ba&#777;n ta&#803;o n&#234;n &#8220;&#273;&#244;&#803;ng l&#432;&#803;c n&#244;&#803;i ta&#803;i&#8221; &#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n m&#244;&#803;t ha&#768;nh vi hay theo &#273;u&#244;&#777;i m&#244;&#803;t m&#432;&#803;c ti&#234;u theo &#8220;Thuy&#234;&#769;t T&#432;&#803; Quy&#234;&#769;t&#8221; (</span><em><span>Self-Determination Theory</span></em><span>).</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mudv!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c74d949-4e28-41b7-82d8-c5b28d0a0025_883x328.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mudv!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c74d949-4e28-41b7-82d8-c5b28d0a0025_883x328.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mudv!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c74d949-4e28-41b7-82d8-c5b28d0a0025_883x328.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mudv!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c74d949-4e28-41b7-82d8-c5b28d0a0025_883x328.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mudv!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c74d949-4e28-41b7-82d8-c5b28d0a0025_883x328.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mudv!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c74d949-4e28-41b7-82d8-c5b28d0a0025_883x328.png" width="538" height="199.84597961494904" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5c74d949-4e28-41b7-82d8-c5b28d0a0025_883x328.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:328,&quot;width&quot;:883,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:538,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mudv!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c74d949-4e28-41b7-82d8-c5b28d0a0025_883x328.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mudv!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c74d949-4e28-41b7-82d8-c5b28d0a0025_883x328.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mudv!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c74d949-4e28-41b7-82d8-c5b28d0a0025_883x328.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!mudv!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c74d949-4e28-41b7-82d8-c5b28d0a0025_883x328.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><span>B&#259;&#768;ng vi&#234;&#803;c </span><em><span>phu&#803; thu&#244;&#803;c</span></em><span> nh&#432;&#771;ng gia&#777;i pha&#769;p d&#234;&#771; da&#768;ng na&#768;y, v&#244; ti&#768;nh nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng chu&#769;ng t&#432;&#803; ta&#803;o cho mi&#768;nh t&#226;m ly&#769; r&#259;&#768;ng, ho&#803; </span><em><span>c&#226;&#768;n</span></em><span> &#273;&#234;&#769;n ca&#769;c loa&#803;i thu&#244;&#769;c na&#768;y &#273;&#234;&#777; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; gia&#777;m c&#226;n tha&#768;nh c&#244;ng, hay ng&#259;n ng&#432;&#768;a nh&#432;&#771;ng h&#234;&#803; lu&#803;y ti&#234;u c&#432;&#803;c cu&#777;a hi&#234;&#803;n t&#432;&#417;&#803;ng nh&#432;&#417;&#803;c c&#417;. N&#234;&#769;u thi&#234;&#769;u chu&#769;ng, ho&#803; nghi&#771; mi&#768;nh. Kh&#244;ng may thay, nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i d&#234;&#771; bi&#803; h&#226;&#769;p d&#226;&#771;n b&#417;&#777;i nh&#432;&#771;ng gia&#777;i pha&#769;p d&#234;&#771; da&#768;ng, la&#803;i th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng la&#768; nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i </span><em><span>i&#769;t c&#226;&#768;n</span></em><span> &#273;&#234;&#769;n chu&#769;ng nh&#226;&#769;t. Ho&#803; quy&#234;&#769;t &#273;i&#803;nh &#8216;</span><em><span>outsource</span></em><span>&#8217; gia&#777;i pha&#769;p cho nh&#432;&#771;ng y&#234;&#769;u t&#244;&#769; b&#234;n ngoa&#768;i. N&#234;&#769;u thi&#234;&#769;u chu&#769;ng, ho&#803; se&#771; th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng r&#417;i va&#768;o tra&#803;ng tha&#769;i b&#234;&#769; t&#259;&#769;c, kh&#244;ng th&#234;&#777; </span><em><span>t&#432;&#803; mi&#768;nh</span></em><span> cha&#803;m t&#417;&#769;i mu&#803;c ti&#234;u gia&#777;m m&#417;&#771; va&#768; ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e cu&#777;a ba&#777;n th&#226;n, va&#768; s&#417;&#769;m mu&#244;&#803;n cu&#771;ng &#273;i ti&#768;m m&#244;&#803;t l&#244;&#769;i t&#259;&#769;t kha&#769;c.</span></p><p><span>Thi&#768; ho&#803; &#273;a&#771; bao gi&#417;&#768; ho&#803;c ca&#769;ch </span><em><span>t&#432;&#803; mi&#768;nh</span></em><span> th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n nh&#432;&#771;ng &#273;i&#234;&#768;u giu&#769;p ho&#803; &#273;a&#803;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; mong mu&#244;&#769;n &#273;&#226;u?</span></p><p><span>T&#226;&#769;t nhi&#234;n, nghe t&#432;&#417;&#777;ng &#273;&#417;n gia&#777;n, nh&#432;ng nh&#432;&#771;ng &#273;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y kh&#244;ng h&#234;&#768; d&#234;&#771;, &#273;&#259;&#803;c bi&#234;&#803;t khi m&#417;&#769;i b&#259;&#769;t &#273;&#226;&#768;u. Chu&#769;ng la&#768; nh&#432;&#771;ng ki&#771; n&#259;ng va&#768; tho&#769;i quen c&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c re&#768;n luy&#234;&#803;n theo th&#417;&#768;i gian. Qua&#769; tri&#768;nh tr&#417;&#777; n&#234;n la&#768;m chu&#777; chu&#769;ng se&#771; kh&#244;ng h&#234;&#768; su&#244;n se&#777;, co&#769; nhi&#234;&#768;u kho&#769; kh&#259;n va&#768; tr&#417;&#777; nga&#803;i do&#803;c &#273;&#432;&#417;&#768;ng, ba&#803;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; se&#771; g&#259;&#803;p pha&#777;i nh&#432;&#771;ng th&#226;&#769;t ba&#803;i, co&#769; th&#234;&#777; khi&#234;&#769;n ba&#803;n mu&#244;&#769;n bo&#777; cu&#244;&#803;c.</span></p><p><span>Nh&#432;ng &#273;o&#769; cu&#771;ng la&#768; li&#769; do vi&#768; sao ba&#803;n se&#771; c&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#226;&#768;u t&#432;&#768; th&#417;&#768;i gian va&#768; c&#244;ng s&#432;&#769;c &#273;&#234;&#777; </span><em><span>t&#432;&#768;ng b&#432;&#417;&#769;c </span></em><span>x&#226;y d&#432;&#803;ng nh&#432;&#771;ng ki&#771; n&#259;ng va&#768; tho&#769;i quen na&#768;y, thay vi&#768; chi&#777; th&#432;&#777; qua loa r&#244;&#768;i bo&#777; cu&#244;&#803;c khi th&#226;&#769;y kho&#769; qua&#769;, hay c&#259;&#769;n r&#259;ng chi&#803;u &#273;&#432;&#803;ng trong 2-3 tha&#769;ng r&#244;&#768;i &#8216;xo&#771;a&#8217;. &#272;&#244;&#777;i la&#803;i, th&#432;&#769; ba&#803;n nh&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t ni&#234;&#768;m tin s&#226;u s&#259;&#769;c va&#768;o kha&#777; n&#259;ng tha&#768;nh c&#244;ng cu&#777;a ba&#777;n th&#226;n, va&#768; s&#432;&#803; t&#432;&#803; do tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c nh&#432;&#771;ng th&#244;ng &#273;i&#234;&#803;p hu&#768; do&#803;a bu&#777;a th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng tr&#432;&#803;c tr&#234;n ma&#803;ng xa&#771; h&#244;&#803;i.</span></p><p><span>T&#226;&#769;t nhi&#234;n, se&#771; co&#769; nh&#432;&#771;ng tr&#432;&#417;&#768;ng h&#417;&#803;p &#417;&#777; &#273;o&#769;, s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng thu&#244;&#769;c la&#768; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u se&#771; co&#769; i&#769;ch, nh&#432; &#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i be&#769;o phi&#768; pha&#769;t b&#234;&#803;nh, bi&#803; gi&#417;&#769;i ha&#803;n &#273;a&#769;ng k&#234;&#777; kha&#777; n&#259;ng v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng. S&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng thu&#244;&#769;c co&#769; th&#234;&#777; giu&#769;p ho&#803; b&#259;&#769;t &#273;&#226;&#768;u qua&#769; tri&#768;nh m&#244;&#803;t ca&#769;ch su&#244;n se&#777; h&#417;n, ta&#803;o &#273;&#244;&#803;ng l&#432;&#803;c ban &#273;&#226;&#768;u &#273;&#234;&#777; ho&#803; ba&#769;m sa&#769;t qua&#769; tri&#768;nh.Nh&#432;ng v&#234;&#768; l&#226;u da&#768;i, ho&#803; v&#226;&#771;n se&#771; c&#226;&#768;n ho&#803;c va&#768; la&#768;m chu&#777; nh&#432;&#771;ng c&#244;ng cu&#803; thi&#234;&#769;t y&#234;&#769;u &#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i duy tri&#768; c&#226;n n&#259;&#803;ng va&#768; s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e trong da&#768;i ha&#803;n - x&#226;y d&#432;&#803;ng nh&#432;&#771;ng ki&#771; n&#259;ng va&#768; tho&#769;i quen li&#234;n quan &#273;&#234;&#769;n dinh d&#432;&#417;&#771;ng, &#259;n u&#244;&#769;ng la&#768;nh ma&#803;nh, t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n va&#768; duy tri&#768; l&#244;&#769;i s&#244;&#769;ng n&#259;ng &#273;&#244;&#803;ng.</span></p><p><span>S&#432;&#803; ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; v&#234;&#768; th&#234;&#777; ch&#226;&#769;t kh&#244;ng co&#769; l&#244;&#769;i t&#259;&#769;t, ma&#768; &#273;o&#768;i ho&#777;i con ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i re&#768;n luy&#234;&#803;n va&#768; thi&#769;ch nghi v&#417;&#769;i a&#769;p l&#432;&#803;c. &#272;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y khi&#234;&#769;n mi&#768;nh li&#234;n t&#432;&#417;&#777;ng &#273;&#234;&#769;n c&#226;u chuy&#234;&#803;n g&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#226;y li&#234;n quan &#273;&#234;&#769;n &#8220;</span><em><span>The Enhanced Games</span></em><span>&#8221; (co&#768;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c go&#803;i &#273;u&#768;a la&#768; &#8216;PED Olympic&#8217;), m&#244;&#803;t s&#432;&#803; ki&#234;&#803;n &#417;&#777; &#273;o&#769; ca&#769;c v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng vi&#234;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c phe&#769;p s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng doping kh&#244;ng gi&#417;&#769;i ha&#803;n. Tuy nhi&#234;n, k&#234;&#769;t thu&#769;c s&#432;&#803; ki&#234;&#803;n na&#768;y, kh&#244;ng co&#769; ki&#777; lu&#803;c th&#234;&#769; gi&#417;&#769;i na&#768;o bi&#803; pha&#769; v&#417;&#771;, th&#226;&#803;m chi&#769; nhi&#234;&#768;u tha&#768;nh ti&#769;ch &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ghi nh&#226;&#803;n co&#768;n ke&#769;m xa so v&#417;&#769;i ng&#432;&#417;&#771;ng tha&#768;nh ti&#769;ch c&#226;&#768;n thi&#234;&#769;t &#273;&#234;&#777; v&#244; &#273;i&#803;ch &#417;&#777; ca&#769;c gia&#777;i &#273;&#226;&#769;u qu&#244;&#769;c t&#234;&#769; (ch&#432;&#769; ch&#432;a no&#769;i &#273;&#234;&#769;n pha&#769; ki&#777; lu&#803;c).</span></p><p><span>No&#769; cho th&#226;&#769;y r&#259;&#768;ng, trong khi h&#244;&#771; tr&#417;&#803; ngoa&#803;i sinh co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;em la&#803;i nh&#432;&#771;ng hi&#768;nh th&#234;&#777; &#226;&#769;n t&#432;&#417;&#803;ng h&#417;n, no&#769; kh&#244;ng th&#234;&#777; thay th&#234;&#769; </span><em><span>qua&#769; tri&#768;nh </span></em><span>kh&#244;&#777; luy&#234;&#803;n &#273;&#234;&#777; &#273;a&#803;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c phong &#273;&#244;&#803; &#273;i&#777;nh cao v&#234;&#768; th&#234;&#777; ch&#226;&#769;t.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!odeF!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87c5bfe4-5ff1-4598-8598-70605f99d0fa_1080x1356.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!odeF!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87c5bfe4-5ff1-4598-8598-70605f99d0fa_1080x1356.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!odeF!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87c5bfe4-5ff1-4598-8598-70605f99d0fa_1080x1356.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!odeF!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87c5bfe4-5ff1-4598-8598-70605f99d0fa_1080x1356.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!odeF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87c5bfe4-5ff1-4598-8598-70605f99d0fa_1080x1356.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!odeF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87c5bfe4-5ff1-4598-8598-70605f99d0fa_1080x1356.png" width="468" height="587.6" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/87c5bfe4-5ff1-4598-8598-70605f99d0fa_1080x1356.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1356,&quot;width&quot;:1080,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:468,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!odeF!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87c5bfe4-5ff1-4598-8598-70605f99d0fa_1080x1356.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!odeF!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87c5bfe4-5ff1-4598-8598-70605f99d0fa_1080x1356.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!odeF!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87c5bfe4-5ff1-4598-8598-70605f99d0fa_1080x1356.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!odeF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87c5bfe4-5ff1-4598-8598-70605f99d0fa_1080x1356.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">&#8220;... chi&#777; 1 ki&#777; lu&#803;c bi&#803; pha&#769; v&#417;&#771;, va&#768; 3 v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng vi&#234;n &#8216;sa&#803;ch&#8217; th&#259;&#769;ng cu&#244;&#803;c&#8221; (<a href="https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2026/may/25/enhanced-games-results-record-clean-athletes-win">The Guardian</a>)</figcaption></figure></div><div class="pullquote"><p><span>I&#769;t nh&#226;&#769;t &#417;&#777; khi&#769;a ca&#803;nh th&#234;&#777; ch&#226;&#769;t va&#768; s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e, ta&#803;o ho&#769;a v&#226;&#771;n chi&#234;&#769;n th&#259;&#769;ng.</span></p></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[LIỆU XƯƠNG CÓ DỰ BÁO TIỀM NĂNG PHÁT TRIỂN CƠ BẮP CỦA BẠN?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Ca&#769;c &#273;i&#234;&#777;m chi&#769;nh:]]></description><link>https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/lieu-xuong-co-du-bao-tiem-nang-phat</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/lieu-xuong-co-du-bao-tiem-nang-phat</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[The Thinking Trainer]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 22 Jun 2026 10:20:40 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KTW!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbf966d85-9129-49e6-a1fc-4a91dafc7849_1920x1080.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KTW!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbf966d85-9129-49e6-a1fc-4a91dafc7849_1920x1080.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KTW!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbf966d85-9129-49e6-a1fc-4a91dafc7849_1920x1080.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KTW!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbf966d85-9129-49e6-a1fc-4a91dafc7849_1920x1080.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KTW!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbf966d85-9129-49e6-a1fc-4a91dafc7849_1920x1080.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KTW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbf966d85-9129-49e6-a1fc-4a91dafc7849_1920x1080.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KTW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbf966d85-9129-49e6-a1fc-4a91dafc7849_1920x1080.png" width="1456" height="819" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/bf966d85-9129-49e6-a1fc-4a91dafc7849_1920x1080.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:819,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KTW!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbf966d85-9129-49e6-a1fc-4a91dafc7849_1920x1080.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KTW!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbf966d85-9129-49e6-a1fc-4a91dafc7849_1920x1080.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KTW!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbf966d85-9129-49e6-a1fc-4a91dafc7849_1920x1080.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KTW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbf966d85-9129-49e6-a1fc-4a91dafc7849_1920x1080.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><p><strong><span>Ca&#769;c &#273;i&#234;&#777;m chi&#769;nh:</span></strong></p><ul><li><p><strong><span>&#272;&#259;&#803;c &#273;i&#234;&#777;m khung x&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ghi nh&#226;&#803;n co&#769; t&#432;&#417;ng quan v&#417;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng c&#417; ba&#803;n co&#769; tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c khi b&#259;&#769;t &#273;&#226;&#768;u t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n va&#768; sau khi &#273;a&#771; t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n m&#244;&#803;t th&#417;&#768;i gian da&#768;i, nh&#432;ng ch&#432;a co&#769; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u gi&#768; u&#777;ng h&#244;&#803; kha&#777; n&#259;ng d&#432;&#803; ba&#769;o t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; trong ng&#259;&#769;n-trung ha&#803;n.</span></strong></p></li><li><p><strong><span>Ne&#769; tra&#769;nh t&#226;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i m&#432;&#769;c ta&#803; n&#259;&#803;ng h&#417;n va&#768; ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p g&#226;y ta&#777;i do&#803;c Tru&#803;c co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;ang la&#768; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u ng&#259;n ba&#803;n &#273;a&#803;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a ti&#234;&#768;m n&#259;ng t&#259;ng c&#417; cu&#777;a mi&#768;nh.</span></strong></p></li></ul></blockquote><p><span>M&#244;&#803;t &#273;i&#234;&#768;u ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p ta&#803; th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng quan t&#226;m la&#768; bi&#234;&#769;t tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c hay d&#432;&#803; ba&#769;o ti&#234;&#768;m n&#259;ng pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p cu&#777;a ba&#777;n th&#226;n. Cu&#803; th&#234;&#777;, &#273;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c pha&#777;n a&#769;nh qua hai kha&#769;i ni&#234;&#803;m:</span></p><ul><li><p><strong><span>Gi&#417;&#769;i ha&#803;n ti&#234;&#768;m n&#259;ng pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n</span></strong><span>, hay l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng c&#417; t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a m&#244;&#803;t ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i co&#769; th&#234;&#777; t&#259;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c trong su&#244;&#769;t ha&#768;nh tri&#768;nh t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n; va&#768;</span></p></li><li><p><strong><span>T&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n</span></strong><span>, hay l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng c&#417; m&#244;&#803;t ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#259;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c sau m&#244;&#803;t giai &#273;oa&#803;n t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n (vd: 8-12 tu&#226;&#768;n).</span></p></li></ul><p><span>S&#432;&#803; quan t&#226;m &#273;&#234;&#769;n nh&#432;&#771;ng &#273;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y khi&#234;&#769;n nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i &#273;am m&#234; t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n kh&#244;ng ng&#432;&#768;ng kha&#769;m pha&#769; va&#768; ti&#768;m ca&#769;ch ki&#234;&#777;m soa&#769;t nh&#432;&#771;ng y&#234;&#769;u t&#244;&#769; li&#234;n quan co&#769; a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng &#273;&#234;&#769;n hai khi&#769;a ca&#803;nh tr&#234;n cu&#777;a &#8220;ti&#234;&#768;m n&#259;ng&#8221;.</span></p><p><span>Ca&#769;c nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u trong m&#244;&#803;t th&#226;&#803;p ki&#777; tr&#417;&#777; la&#803;i &#273;a&#771; cho bi&#234;&#769;t kha&#769; nhi&#234;&#768;u y&#234;&#769;u t&#244;&#769; b&#234;n ngoa&#768;i li&#234;n quan trong ch&#432;&#417;ng tri&#768;nh t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n (nh&#432; kh&#244;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n, khoa&#777;ng ca&#769;ch &#273;&#234;&#769;n ng&#432;&#417;&#771;ng th&#226;&#769;t ba&#803;i, hay l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p) hay trong dinh d&#432;&#417;&#771;ng va&#768; sinh hoa&#803;t (vd: m&#432;&#769;c n&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng na&#803;p va&#768;o, l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng &#272;a&#803;m, nghi&#777; ng&#417;i, gi&#226;&#769;c ngu&#777;). M&#259;&#803;t kha&#769;c, m&#259;&#803;c du&#768; chu&#769;ng ta v&#226;&#771;n hi&#234;&#777;u r&#259;&#768;ng ca&#769;c y&#234;&#769;u t&#244;&#769; b&#226;&#777;m sinh cu&#777;a ca&#769; nh&#226;n vai tro&#768; quan tro&#803;ng, chu&#769;ng ta v&#226;&#771;n ch&#432;a bi&#234;&#769;t ro&#771; nh&#432;&#771;ng y&#234;&#769;u t&#244;&#769; na&#768;o co&#769; ti&#769;nh d&#432;&#803; ba&#769;o, va&#768; th&#244;ng qua c&#417; ch&#234;&#769; gi&#768;.</span></p><p><span>&#272;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y &#273;&#432;a chu&#769;ng ta &#273;&#234;&#769;n chu&#777; &#273;&#234;&#768; trong ba&#768;i vi&#234;&#769;t na&#768;y: </span><em><span>&#273;&#259;&#803;c &#273;i&#234;&#777;m khung x&#432;&#417;ng</span></em><span>.</span></p><p><span>M&#244;&#769;i li&#234;n h&#234;&#803; gi&#432;&#771;a &#273;&#259;&#803;c &#273;i&#234;&#777;m x&#432;&#417;ng va&#768; l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p kh&#244;ng pha&#777;i la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t quan sa&#769;t m&#417;&#769;i.</span></p><ul><li><p><span>X&#432;&#417;ng co&#769; m&#244;&#769;i quan h&#234;&#803; m&#226;&#803;t thi&#234;&#769;t v&#417;&#769;i hoa&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803;ng c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p; c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p ba&#769;m va&#768;o x&#432;&#417;ng, va&#768; khi&#234;&#769;n x&#432;&#417;ng di chuy&#234;&#777;n quanh ca&#769;c kh&#417;&#769;p. B&#234;n ca&#803;nh g&#226;y a&#769;p l&#432;&#803;c l&#234;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p, t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n Kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c cu&#771;ng ki&#769;ch thi&#769;ch x&#432;&#417;ng pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n, tr&#417;&#777; n&#234;n c&#432;&#769;ng ca&#769;p h&#417;n, khi&#234;&#769;n t&#226;&#803;p kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t c&#244;ng cu&#803; kh&#244;ng th&#234;&#777; thi&#234;&#769;u &#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i b&#226;&#769;t c&#432;&#769; bi&#234;&#803;n pha&#769;p ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e x&#432;&#417;ng kh&#417;&#769;p na&#768;o.</span></p></li></ul><ul><li><p><span>M&#259;&#803;t kha&#769;c, x&#432;&#417;ng cu&#771;ng la&#768; b&#244;&#803; khung chi&#803;u l&#432;&#803;c cho toa&#768;n c&#417; th&#234;&#777;. Vi&#768; v&#226;&#803;y m&#244;&#803;t suy &#273;oa&#769;n nghe co&#769; ve&#777; h&#417;&#803;p ly&#769; la&#768;, khung x&#432;&#417;ng ca&#768;ng l&#417;&#769;n ca&#768;ng co&#769; th&#234;&#777; h&#244;&#771; tr&#417;&#803; l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p l&#417;&#769;n h&#417;n.</span></p></li></ul><p><span>Trong th&#432;&#803;c t&#234;&#769;, nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i co&#769; khung x&#432;&#417;ng l&#417;&#769;n va&#768; da&#768;y th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng mang tr&#234;n mi&#768;nh l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p kha&#769; l&#417;&#769;n, nh&#432; ca&#769;c v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng vi&#234;n &#417;&#777; ca&#769;c b&#244;&#803; m&#244;n s&#432;&#769;c ma&#803;nh nh&#432; Powerlifting hay Strongman, cu&#771;ng nh&#432; kh&#244;ng i&#769;t ca&#769;c v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng vi&#234;n Th&#234;&#777; Hi&#768;nh. Nh&#432;&#771;ng vi&#769; du&#803; na&#768;y co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;em la&#803;i suy lu&#226;&#803;n t&#432;&#803; nhi&#234;n la&#768;, vi&#768; co&#769; khung x&#432;&#417;ng l&#417;&#769;n nh&#432; v&#226;&#803;y thi&#768; ho&#803; m&#417;&#769;i co&#769; ca&#769;i &#8216;n&#234;&#768;n&#8217; &#273;&#234;&#777; &#273;&#259;&#769;p &#8216;thi&#803;t&#8217; l&#234;n.</span></p><p><span>&#272;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n c&#226;u ho&#777;i hi&#234;&#777;n nhi&#234;n: </span><em><strong><span>li&#234;&#803;u khung x&#432;&#417;ng co&#769; th&#234;&#777; d&#432;&#803; ba&#769;o ti&#234;&#768;m n&#259;ng pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p?</span></strong></em><span> Cu&#803; th&#234;&#777;,</span></p><ul><li><p><span>No&#769; co&#769; d&#432;&#803; ba&#769;o &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c </span><strong><span>l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p ba&#803;n co&#769; (va&#768; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; t&#259;ng th&#234;m)</span></strong><span>, va&#768; </span><strong><span>t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; t&#259;ng c&#417; </span></strong><span>cu&#777;a ba&#803;n sau m&#244;&#803;t giai &#273;oa&#803;n t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n?.</span></p></li><li><p><span>H&#417;n n&#432;&#771;a, n&#234;&#769;u th&#432;&#803;c s&#432;&#803; co&#769; t&#244;&#768;n ta&#803;i m&#244;&#803;t m&#244;&#769;i quan h&#234;&#803;, chu&#769;ng ta </span><strong><span>co&#769; th&#234;&#777; la&#768;m gi&#768; &#273;&#234;&#777; khai tha&#769;c </span></strong><span>m&#244;&#769;i quan h&#234;&#803; na&#768;y?</span></p></li></ul><p><span>Nh&#432;&#771;ng c&#226;u ho&#777;i na&#768;y &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n b&#417;&#777;i hai Ti&#234;&#769;n si&#771; va&#768; chuy&#234;n gia trong li&#771;nh v&#432;&#803;c Eric Helms va&#768; Eric Trexler, va&#768; ba&#768;i vi&#234;&#769;t na&#768;y se&#771; t&#244;&#777;ng h&#417;&#803;p la&#803;i n&#244;&#803;i dung cu&#777;a cu&#244;&#803;c tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n.</span></p><div id="youtube2-NxPvfPOqsD4" class="youtube-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;videoId&quot;:&quot;NxPvfPOqsD4&quot;,&quot;startTime&quot;:null,&quot;endTime&quot;:null}" data-component-name="Youtube2ToDOM"><div class="youtube-inner"><iframe src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/NxPvfPOqsD4?rel=0&amp;autoplay=0&amp;showinfo=0&amp;enablejsapi=0" frameborder="0" loading="lazy" gesture="media" allow="autoplay; fullscreen" allowautoplay="true" allowfullscreen="true" width="728" height="409"></iframe></div></div><h1><span>B&#258;&#768;NG CH&#431;&#769;NG NO&#769;I GI&#768;</span></h1><p><span>M&#259;&#803;c du&#768; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c quan sa&#769;t kha&#769; ph&#244;&#777; bi&#234;&#769;n, m&#244;&#769;i quan h&#234;&#803; gi&#432;&#771;a &#273;&#259;&#803;c &#273;i&#234;&#777;m khung x&#432;&#417;ng va&#768; pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u kha&#769; i&#769;t (m&#244;&#803;t ph&#226;&#768;n kh&#244;ng nho&#777; vi&#768; nh&#432;&#771;ng ra&#768;o ca&#777;n se&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n b&#234;n d&#432;&#417;&#769;i). Tuy v&#226;&#803;y, nh&#432;&#771;ng gi&#768; &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n co&#769; he&#769; l&#244;&#803; m&#244;&#803;t m&#244;&#769;i quan h&#234;&#803; nh&#226;&#769;t &#273;i&#803;nh gi&#432;&#771;a &#273;&#259;&#803;c &#273;i&#234;&#777;m khung x&#432;&#417;ng va&#768; pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p. Cu&#803; th&#234;&#777;, ki&#769;ch th&#432;&#417;&#769;c khung x&#432;&#417;ng to&#777; ra co&#769; ti&#769;nh d&#432;&#803; ba&#769;o &#8220;&#273;i&#234;&#777;m &#273;&#226;&#768;u&#8221; va&#768; &#8220;&#273;i&#234;&#777;m cu&#244;&#769;i&#8221; cu&#777;a qua&#769; tri&#768;nh pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p cu&#777;a ca&#769; nh&#226;n.</span></p><p><span>M&#244;&#803;t trong nh&#432;&#771;ng c&#244;ng tri&#768;nh s&#417;&#769;m nh&#226;&#769;t &#273;i&#234;&#768;u tra v&#234;&#768; m&#244;&#769;i quan h&#234;&#803; na&#768;y &#273;&#234;&#769;n t&#432;&#768; </span><strong><span>Casey Butt</span></strong><span>.</span></p><p><span>&#212;ng l&#226;&#769;y ca&#769;c d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n t&#432;&#768; ca&#769;c v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng vi&#234;n Th&#234;&#777; Hi&#768;nh t&#432;&#803; nhi&#234;n &#273;&#234;&#777; pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n m&#244;&#803;t c&#244;ng th&#432;&#769;c d&#432;&#803; ba&#769;o ti&#234;&#768;m n&#259;ng pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p. Cu&#803; th&#234;&#777;, v&#234;&#768; ph&#432;&#417;ng pha&#769;p:</span></p><ul><li><p><span>&#212;ng t&#7853;p h&#7907;p d&#7919; li&#7879;u t&#7915; c&#225;c V&#272;V Th&#234;&#777; Hi&#768;nh t&#7921; nhi&#234;n chuy&#234;n nghi&#7879;p (thu&#7897;c li&#234;n &#273;o&#224;n WNBF) v&#224;o cu&#7889;i nh&#7919;ng n&#259;m 1990 v&#224; &#273;&#7847;u nh&#7919;ng n&#259;m 2000. B&#234;n c&#7841;nh &#273;&#243;, &#244;ng c&#361;ng thu th&#7853;p c&#225;c ch&#7881; s&#7889; &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&#225;c th&#7921;c t&#7915; nh&#7919;ng V&#272;V  Th&#7875; H&#236;nh giai &#273;oa&#803;n &#8220;ti&#234;&#768;n steroid&#8221; (t&#7915; &#273;&#7847;u nh&#7919;ng n&#259;m 1950 tr&#7903; v&#7873; tr&#432;&#7899;c). &#272;&#226;y l&#224; nh&#7919;ng c&#225; nh&#226;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c coi la&#768; &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n cho &#273;&#7881;nh cao c&#7911;a ti&#7873;m n&#259;ng ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n c&#417; b&#7855;p t&#7921; nhi&#234;n.</span></p></li><li><p><span>Ca&#769;ch &#273;i&#803;nh l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng x&#432;&#417;ng: Thay v&#236; d&#249;ng c&#225;c c&#244;ng ngh&#7879; qu&#233;t x&#432;&#417;ng hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i nh&#432; DEXA hay MRI, Casey Butt s&#7917; d&#7909;ng </span><em><span>s&#7889; &#273;o chu vi c&#7893; tay </span></em><span>v&#224; chu vi m&#7855;t c&#225; ch&#226;n nh&#432; m&#7897;t &#8220;th&#432;&#7899;c &#273;o thay th&#7871;&#8221; &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; &#273;&#7897; l&#7899;n c&#7911;a b&#7897; khung x&#432;&#417;ng.</span></p></li></ul><p><span>Pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n:</span></p><ul><li><p><span>Casey Butt &#273;&#227; pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n m&#7897;t m&#7889;i li&#234;n h&#234;&#803; &#8216;t&#432;&#417;ng quan&#8217; nh&#7845;t qu&#225;n gi&#432;&#771;a ki&#769;ch th&#432;&#417;&#769;c x&#432;&#417;ng va&#768; l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p: nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#243; chu vi c&#7893; tay v&#224; m&#7855;t c&#225; ch&#226;n l&#7899;n h&#417;n th&#236; c&#361;ng c&#243; xu h&#432;&#7899;ng s&#7903; h&#7919;u t&#7893;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng th&#226;n Na&#803;c v&#224; ki&#769;ch th&#432;&#417;&#769;c c&#225;c nh&#243;m c&#417; l&#7899;n h&#417;n. D&#432;&#803;a va&#768;o pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n na&#768;y, Casey Butt bi&#234;&#769;n no&#769; tha&#768;nh m&#244;&#803;t c&#244;ng th&#432;&#769;c d&#432;&#803; ba&#769;o ti&#234;&#768;m n&#259;ng pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a, co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ti&#768;m th&#226;&#769;y trong cu&#244;&#769;n sa&#769;ch cu&#777;a &#244;ng (&#8221;</span><em><span>Your Muscular Potential </span></em><span>&#8220;)</span></p></li><li><p><span>Tuy nhi&#234;n, c&#244;ng tri&#768;nh na&#768;y co&#769; nh&#432;&#771;ng ha&#803;n ch&#234;&#769; &#273;a&#769;ng chu&#769; y&#769;:</span></p><ul><li><p><span>Tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c ti&#234;n, no&#769; v&#234;&#768; b&#7843;n ch&#7845;t l&#224; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u c&#7855;t ngang (</span><em><span>cross-sectional</span></em><span>), ch&#7881; pha&#777;n a&#769;nh th&#234;&#777; tra&#803;ng cu&#777;a nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i co&#769; d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769; ta&#803;i m&#244;&#803;t th&#417;&#768;i &#273;i&#234;&#777;m cu&#803; th&#234;&#777; - &#417;&#777; &#273;&#226;y la&#768; cu&#777;a nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p t&#432;&#803; nhi&#234;n (co&#769; th&#234;&#777; coi la&#768;) &#273;a&#771; cha&#803;m &#273;&#234;&#769;n ti&#234;&#768;m n&#259;ng pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a cu&#777;a ho&#803;. N&#243; kh&#244;ng cho ch&#250;ng ta bi&#7871;t b&#7845;t c&#7913; &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236; v&#7873; </span><em><span>qua&#769; tri&#768;nh</span></em><span> pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p theo th&#417;&#768;i gian &#417;&#777; nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i na&#768;y (vd: t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; t&#259;ng c&#417;, pha&#777;n &#432;&#769;ng v&#417;&#769;i t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n, v.v.), hay th&#226;&#803;m chi&#769; li&#234;&#803;u ca&#769; nh&#226;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769; &#273;a&#771; th&#432;&#803;c s&#432;&#803; &#417;&#777; &#8216;&#273;i&#777;nh cao&#8217; ti&#234;&#768;m n&#259;ng cu&#777;a ho&#803; hay kh&#244;ng.</span></p></li><li><p><span>H&#417;n n&#432;&#771;a, ph&#432;&#417;ng tri&#768;nh d&#432;&#803; ba&#769;o cu&#777;a Casey Butt d&#432;&#803;a tr&#234;n gia&#777; &#273;i&#803;nh r&#259;&#768;ng, &#273;&#259;&#803;c &#273;i&#234;&#777;m cu&#777;a mo&#803;i ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i la&#768; gi&#244;&#769;ng v&#417;&#769;i nh&#432;&#771;ng V&#272;V co&#769; d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng, trong khi tr&#234;n th&#432;&#803;c t&#234;&#769; la&#803;i kh&#244;ng nh&#432; v&#226;&#803;y. R&#244;&#769;t cu&#803;c c&#244;ng tri&#768;nh na&#768;y kh&#244;ng cho bi&#234;&#769;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c li&#234;&#803;u m&#244;&#769;i quan h&#234;&#803; na&#768;y co&#769; &#273;u&#769;ng v&#417;&#769;i t&#226;&#769;t ca&#777; mo&#803;i ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i hay kh&#244;ng (&#273;&#259;&#803;c bi&#234;&#803;t la&#768; n&#432;&#771; gi&#417;&#769;i, v&#244;&#769;n kh&#244;ng n&#259;&#768;m trong d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c Casey Butt s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng).</span></p></li><li><p><span>Cu&#244;&#769;i cu&#768;ng, c&#244;ng tri&#768;nh na&#768;y ch&#432;a t&#432;&#768;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c bi&#768;nh duy&#234;&#803;t va&#768; xu&#226;&#769;t ba&#777;n chi&#769;nh th&#432;&#769;c trong m&#244;&#803;t ta&#803;p chi&#769; khoa ho&#803;c.</span></p></li></ul></li></ul><p><span>Trong khi t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n Kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c da&#768;i ha&#803;n &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ghi nh&#226;&#803;n d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n t&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng th&#226;n Na&#803;c va&#768; m&#226;&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803; khoa&#769;ng x&#432;&#417;ng, m&#244;&#769;i quan h&#234;&#803; gi&#432;&#771;a &#273;&#259;&#803;c &#273;i&#234;&#777;m x&#432;&#417;ng va&#768; pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p m&#417;&#769;i chu&#777; y&#234;&#769;u &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c kha&#769;m pha&#769; t&#432;&#768; go&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; li&#234;n h&#234;&#803; t&#432;&#417;ng quan. G&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#226;y nh&#226;&#769;t, &#8220;</span><em><a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/physiology/articles/10.3389/fphys.2025.1681719/full"><span>Tiede va&#768; &#273;&#244;&#768;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p</span></a></em><span>&#8221; kha&#769;m pha&#769; m&#244;&#769;i quan h&#234;&#803; na&#768;y b&#259;&#768;ng ca&#769;ch ph&#226;n ti&#769;ch la&#803;i d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n t&#226;&#803;p h&#417;&#803;p t&#432;&#768; ca&#769;c nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c &#273;o&#769; (hay &#8216;ph&#226;n ti&#769;ch h&#244;&#768;i c&#432;&#769;u&#8217;):</span></p><ul><li><p><span>Nho&#769;m nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u quy tu&#803; d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n t&#432;&#768; 4 nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n Kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c ke&#769;o da&#768;i 10-12 tu&#226;&#768;n v&#417;&#769;i 119 ng&#432;&#7901;i tr&#432;&#7903;ng th&#224;nh ch&#432;a t&#7915;ng t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n (62 nam, 57 n&#7919;), va&#768; s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng c&#244;ng cu&#803; th&#244;&#769;ng k&#234; &#273;&#234;&#777; kha&#769;m pha&#769; ca&#769;c m&#244;&#769;i quan h&#234;&#803; gi&#432;&#771;a pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p.</span></p></li><li><p><span>D&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n que&#769;t x&#432;&#417;ng b&#259;&#768;ng DXA thu th&#226;&#803;p tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c khi t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n - bao g&#244;&#768;m ha&#768;m l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng khoa&#769;ng x&#432;&#417;ng, di&#234;&#803;n ti&#769;ch x&#432;&#417;ng, &#273;&#244;&#803; r&#244;&#803;ng h&#244;ng va&#768; vai - cu&#777;a t&#432;&#768;ng vu&#768;ng tr&#234;n c&#417; th&#234;&#777; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng  &#273;&#234;&#777; xa&#769;c &#273;i&#803;nh quan h&#234;&#803; v&#417;&#769;i ca&#769;c d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n v&#234;&#768; thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng th&#226;n Na&#803;c sau t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n &#417;&#777; vu&#768;ng &#273;o&#769;. VD: s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n v&#234;&#768; x&#432;&#417;ng &#417;&#777; vu&#768;ng tay &#273;&#234;&#777; xa&#769;c &#273;i&#803;nh t&#432;&#417;ng quan v&#417;&#769;i thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i v&#234;&#768; l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng th&#226;n Na&#803;c &#417;&#777; Tay; t&#432;&#417;ng t&#432;&#803; Ch&#226;n - ch&#226;n, v.v.</span></p></li><li><p><span>Ca&#769;c ta&#769;c gia&#777; pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c m&#244;&#769;i li&#234;n h&#234;&#803; t&#432;&#417;ng quan ma&#803;nh me&#771; gi&#432;&#771;a &#273;&#259;&#803;c &#273;i&#234;&#777;m x&#432;&#417;ng va&#768; l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng th&#226;n Na&#803;c ban &#273;&#226;&#768;u, nh&#432;ng la&#803;i kh&#244;ng co&#769; li&#234;n h&#234;&#803; v&#417;&#769;i thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng th&#226;n Na&#803;c sau 10-12 tu&#226;&#768;n t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n &#417;&#777; nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c &#273;o&#769; ch&#432;a t&#432;&#768;ng t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n.</span></p><ul><li><p><em><span>T&#432;&#417;ng quan ban &#273;&#7847;u r&#7845;t m&#7841;nh</span></em><span>: C&#243; m&#7889;i t&#432;&#417;ng quan ch&#7863;t ch&#7869; (0.7 &#273;&#7871;n 0.9) gi&#7919;a &#273;&#7863;c &#273;i&#7875;m x&#432;&#417;ng v&#224; l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng th&#226;n Na&#803;c kh&#417;&#777;i &#273;i&#234;&#777;m tr&#432;&#7899;c khi b&#259;&#769;t &#273;&#226;&#768;u t&#7853;p luy&#234;&#803;n. Ngh&#297;a l&#224;, nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i tham gia c&#243; khung x&#432;&#417;ng to va&#768; r&#244;&#803;ng h&#417;n nhi&#768;n chung co&#769; l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng th&#226;n Na&#803;c ban &#273;&#226;&#768;u l&#417;&#769;n h&#417;n.</span></p></li><li><p><em><span>Kh&#244;ng d&#7921; &#273;o&#225;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#432;&#803; pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p t&#432;&#768; t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n</span></em><span>: M&#7889;i t&#432;&#417;ng quan gi&#7919;a ca&#769;c &#273;&#259;&#803;c &#273;i&#234;&#777;m x&#432;&#417;ng v&#224; k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p sau 12 tu&#7847;n t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n l&#7841;i r&#7845;t y&#7871;u (ch&#7881; t&#7915; 0.1 &#273;&#7871;n 0.2).</span></p></li><li><p><em><span>L&#432;&#417;&#803;ng th&#226;n Na&#803;c kh&#417;&#777;i &#273;i&#234;&#777;m kh&#244;ng d&#432;&#803; ba&#769;o k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n</span></em><span>. Tra&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i gia&#777; &#273;i&#803;nh r&#259;&#768;ng &#8220;n&#234;&#769;u xu&#226;&#769;t pha&#769;t &#273;i&#234;&#777;m co&#769; nhi&#234;&#768;u c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p h&#417;n thi&#768; se&#771; t&#259;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c nhi&#234;&#768;u c&#417; h&#417;n, vi&#768; c&#417; &#273;i&#803;a sinh ra &#273;&#234;&#777; &#8216;&#273;&#244;&#8217; &#8220;, m&#244;&#769;i t&#432;&#417;ng quan gi&#432;&#771;a l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng th&#226;n Na&#803;c ban &#273;&#226;&#768;u va&#768; l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng th&#226;n Na&#803;c t&#259;ng th&#234;m sau giai &#273;oa&#803;n t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n r&#226;&#769;t y&#234;&#769;u (~0.15 - 0.16).</span></p></li><li><p><em><span>Y&#7871;u t&#7889; b&#234;n ngoa&#768;i kh&#225;c</span></em><span>: Nho&#769;m nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u cu&#771;ng &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769; m&#244;&#769;i t&#432;&#417;ng quan gi&#432;&#771;a ca&#769;c y&#234;&#769;u t&#244;&#769; b&#234;n ngoa&#768;i kha&#769;c trong ch&#432;&#417;ng tri&#768;nh t&#226;&#803;p va&#768; l&#244;&#769;i s&#244;&#769;ng cu&#777;a nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i tham gia va&#768; k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p, va&#768; ghi nh&#226;&#803;n m&#244;&#769;i t&#432;&#417;ng quan r&#226;&#769;t y&#234;&#769;u gi&#432;&#771;a kh&#244;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n (volume load, 0.24), n&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng na&#803;p va&#768;o (0.13), Protein (0.19), &#273;&#244;&#803; tu&#244;&#777;i (-0.08), BMI (0.06) v&#417;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng th&#226;n Na&#803;c t&#259;ng th&#234;m.</span></p></li></ul></li><li><p><span>Ha&#803;n ch&#234;&#769; l&#417;&#769;n nh&#226;&#769;t cu&#777;a ph&#226;n ti&#769;ch na&#768;y &#273;&#234;&#769;n t&#432;&#768; &#273;&#244;&#769;i t&#432;&#417;&#803;ng tham gia - nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i ch&#432;a t&#432;&#768;ng t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n:</span></p><ul><li><p><span>M&#259;&#803;c du&#768; th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c cho la&#768; nhanh cho&#769;ng, ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; trong giai &#273;oa&#803;n m&#417;&#769;i b&#259;&#769;t &#273;&#226;&#768;u t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n cu&#777;a nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i ch&#432;a t&#432;&#768;ng t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n to&#777; ra kha&#769; h&#244;&#771;n loa&#803;n, nh&#226;&#769;t la&#768; trong 10-12 tu&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#226;&#768;u ti&#234;n, khi ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; chu&#777; y&#234;&#769;u &#273;&#234;&#769;n t&#432;&#768; s&#432;&#769;c ma&#803;nh va&#768; tr&#417;&#777; n&#234;n tha&#768;nh tha&#803;o h&#417;n v&#417;&#769;i chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n.</span></p></li><li><p><span>B&#234;n ca&#803;nh &#273;o&#769;, ca&#769;c y&#234;&#769;u t&#244;&#769; ngoa&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n trong ca&#769;c thi&#769; nghi&#234;&#803;m &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n &#273;&#234;&#768;u kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ki&#234;&#777;m soa&#769;t ch&#259;&#803;t che&#771;, li&#769; gia&#777;i b&#417;&#777;i m&#244;&#769;i t&#432;&#417;ng quan kha&#769; y&#234;&#769;u cu&#777;a chu&#769;ng v&#417;&#769;i thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i v&#234;&#768; l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng th&#226;n Na&#803;c.</span></p></li></ul></li></ul><blockquote><p><strong><span>K&#234;&#769;t h&#417;&#803;p nh&#432;&#771;ng pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n cu&#777;a nh&#432;&#771;ng c&#244;ng tri&#768;nh tr&#234;n, va&#768; l&#432;u t&#226;m nh&#432;&#771;ng ha&#803;n ch&#234;&#769; ro&#771; r&#234;&#803;t cu&#777;a chu&#769;ng, chu&#769;ng ta co&#769; th&#234;&#777; ru&#769;t ra m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; k&#234;&#769;t lu&#226;&#803;n th&#226;&#803;n tro&#803;ng sau &#417;&#777; hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i</span></strong><span>:</span></p><ul><li><p><strong><span>&#272;&#259;&#803;c &#273;i&#234;&#777;m x&#432;&#417;ng to&#777; ra co&#769; ti&#769;nh d&#432;&#803; ba&#769;o cho l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p ma&#768; m&#244;&#803;t ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i mang tr&#234;n mi&#768;nh, cu&#803; th&#234;&#777; la&#768; tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c khi b&#259;&#769;t &#273;&#226;&#768;u t&#226;&#803;p va&#768; khi &#273;a&#771; &#273;a&#803;t m&#244;&#803;t tri&#768;nh &#273;&#244;&#803; pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n &#273;u&#777; g&#226;&#768;n v&#417;&#769;i gi&#417;&#769;i ha&#803;n ti&#234;&#768;m n&#259;ng pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n cu&#777;a ba&#777;n th&#226;n. No&#769;i ca&#769;ch kha&#769;c, ca&#769;c b&#259;&#768;ng ch&#432;&#769;ng to&#777; ra u&#777;ng h&#244;&#803; quan sa&#769;t th&#432;&#803;c t&#234;&#769; r&#259;&#768;ng, nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i co&#769; khung x&#432;&#417;ng l&#417;&#769;n va&#768; r&#244;&#803;ng th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng mang tr&#234;n ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i nhi&#234;&#768;u c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p h&#417;n so v&#417;&#769;i nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i co&#769; khung x&#432;&#417;ng nho&#777; h&#417;n &#417;&#777; cu&#768;ng tri&#768;nh &#273;&#244;&#803; pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n.</span></strong></p></li><li><p><strong><span>Hi&#234;&#803;n chu&#769;ng ta ch&#432;a bi&#234;&#769;t ro&#771; li&#234;&#803;u &#273;&#259;&#803;c &#273;i&#234;&#777;m x&#432;&#417;ng co&#769; kha&#777; n&#259;ng d&#432;&#803; ba&#769;o l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng c&#417; m&#244;&#803;t ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i co&#769; th&#234;&#777; t&#259;ng trong ng&#259;&#769;n ha&#803;n (vd: 8-12 tu&#226;&#768;n) - hay t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; t&#259;ng c&#417;/pha&#777;n &#432;&#769;ng trong ng&#259;&#769;n ha&#803;n v&#417;&#769;i m&#244;&#803;t ch&#432;&#417;ng tri&#768;nh t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n.</span></strong></p></li></ul></blockquote><h1><span>TR&#416;&#777; NGA&#803;I &#272;&#212;&#769;I V&#416;&#769;I VI&#202;&#803;C XA&#769;C &#272;I&#803;NH CHI&#769;NH XA&#769;C M&#212;&#769;I QUAN H&#202;&#803;</span></h1><h2><span>Ti&#769;nh kha&#777; du&#803;ng</span></h2><p><span>Tr&#417;&#777; nga&#803;i &#273;&#226;&#768;u ti&#234;n, va&#768; tr&#432;&#803;c quan nh&#226;&#769;t, &#273;&#234;&#769;n t&#432;&#768; vi&#234;&#803;c </span><strong><span>ti&#234;&#769;n ha&#768;nh m&#244;&#803;t nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u co&#769; kha&#777; n&#259;ng pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n m&#244;&#769;i quan h&#234;&#803; na&#768;y</span></strong><span>.</span></p><p><span>&#272;&#234;&#777; xa&#769;c minh nh&#432;&#771;ng m&#244;&#769;i quan h&#234;&#803; na&#768;y, ca&#769;ch t&#244;&#769;t nh&#226;&#769;t la&#768; th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n m&#244;&#803;t nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u t&#432;&#417;ng t&#432;&#803; v&#417;&#769;i ph&#226;n ti&#769;ch cu&#777;a &#8220;</span><em><span>Tiede va&#768; &#273;&#244;&#768;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p</span></em><span>&#8221; nh&#432;ng v&#417;&#769;i d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c thu th&#226;&#803;p trong </span><em><span>nhi&#234;&#768;u n&#259;m</span></em><span>, v&#417;&#769;i nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i tham gia </span><em><span>t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n l&#226;u da&#768;i</span></em><span>, va&#768; li&#769; t&#432;&#417;&#777;ng nh&#226;&#769;t, </span><em><span>&#273;a&#771; &#273;a&#803;t g&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n ho&#259;&#803;c cha&#803;m t&#417;&#769;i </span></em><span>gi&#417;&#769;i ha&#803;n ti&#234;&#768;m n&#259;ng cu&#777;a ho&#803;. Tuy nhi&#234;n, vi&#234;&#803;c th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n m&#244;&#803;t c&#244;ng tri&#768;nh nh&#432; v&#226;&#803;y trong th&#432;&#803;c t&#234;&#769; g&#226;&#768;n nh&#432; la&#768; b&#226;&#769;t kha&#777; thi do nh&#432;&#771;ng ra&#768;o ca&#777;n th&#432;&#803;c t&#234;&#769; va&#768; h&#226;&#803;u c&#226;&#768;n. M&#244;&#803;t nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n chi&#777; ke&#769;o da&#768;i 8-12 tu&#226;&#768;n &#273;a&#771; t&#244;&#769;n r&#226;&#769;t nhi&#234;&#768;u th&#417;&#768;i gian va&#768; c&#244;ng s&#432;&#769;c, ch&#432;&#769; ch&#432;a no&#769;i &#273;&#234;&#769;n m&#244;&#803;t nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u ke&#769;o da&#768;i 3-4 n&#259;m.</span></p><p><span>&#272;a&#769;ng chu&#769; y&#769;, ca&#769;c c&#226;u la&#803;c b&#244;&#803; th&#234;&#777; thao (vd: bo&#769;ng &#273;a&#769;, bo&#769;ng b&#226;&#768;u du&#803;c, rugby) la&#803;i la&#768; nh&#432;&#771;ng t&#244;&#777; ch&#432;&#769;c co&#769; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u ki&#234;&#803;n th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n qua&#769; tri&#768;nh theo do&#771;i da&#768;i ha&#803;n na&#768;y (ca&#769;c c&#226;&#768;u thu&#777; t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n trong cu&#768;ng m&#244;&#803;t m&#244;i tr&#432;&#417;&#768;ng trong nhi&#234;&#768;u n&#259;m, &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c gia&#769;m sa&#769;t va&#768; h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng d&#226;&#771;n b&#417;&#777;i &#273;&#244;&#803;i ngu&#771; chuy&#234;n vi&#234;n cu&#777;a c&#226;u la&#803;c b&#244;&#803;). Tuy nhi&#234;n, h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng &#273;i na&#768;y g&#259;&#803;p pha&#777;i m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; th&#432;&#777; tha&#769;ch c&#417; ba&#777;n:</span></p><ul><li><p><span>Ca&#769;c c&#226;u la&#803;c b&#244;&#803; th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng kha&#769; ki&#769;n ti&#234;&#769;ng va&#768; kh&#244;ng chia se&#777; d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n cu&#777;a ca&#769;c v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng vi&#234;n;</span></p></li></ul><ul><li><p><span>R&#226;&#769;t i&#769;t m&#244;n th&#234;&#777; thao (ngoa&#803;i tr&#432;&#768; Th&#234;&#777; Hi&#768;nh hay ca&#769;c m&#244;n th&#234;&#777; thao S&#432;&#769;c ma&#803;nh) &#273;em la&#803;i li&#769; do &#273;&#234;&#777; ca&#769;c v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng vi&#234;n pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a, nh&#226;&#769;t la&#768; khi chu&#769;ng th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng ke&#769;o theo s&#432;&#803; su&#803;t gia&#777;m &#417;&#777; ca&#769;c khi&#769;a ca&#803;nh th&#234;&#777; ch&#226;&#769;t kha&#769;c (vd: s&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n, s&#432;&#803; nhanh nhe&#803;n, v.v.).</span></p></li></ul><p><span>K&#234;&#777; ca&#777; khi co&#769; th&#234;&#777; th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n m&#244;&#803;t nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u li&#769; t&#432;&#417;&#777;ng nh&#432; v&#226;&#803;y, k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; v&#226;&#771;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; chi&#803;u a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng b&#417;&#777;i nhi&#234;&#771;u loa&#803;n t&#432;&#768; kha&#769;c bi&#234;&#803;t v&#234;&#768; </span><strong><span>pha&#777;n &#432;&#769;ng cu&#777;a ca&#769; nh&#226;n v&#417;&#769;i t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n</span></strong><span>.</span></p><ul><li><p><span>Pha&#777;n &#432;&#769;ng cu&#777;a ca&#769; nh&#226;n v&#417;&#769;i t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n (</span><em><span>training response</span></em><span>), pha&#777;n a&#769;nh b&#417;&#777;i thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i/t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; v&#234;&#768; l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p va&#768; s&#432;&#769;c ma&#803;nh co&#769; s&#432;&#803; ch&#234;nh l&#234;&#803;ch kha&#769; l&#417;&#769;n gi&#432;&#771;a ca&#769;c ca&#769; nh&#226;n. Cu&#768;ng m&#244;&#803;t ch&#432;&#417;ng tri&#768;nh t&#226;&#803;p va&#768; kh&#244;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n, co&#769; ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i se&#771; pha&#777;n &#432;&#769;ng t&#244;&#769;t h&#417;n va&#768; ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; nhanh h&#417;n ro&#771; r&#234;&#803;t (th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng go&#803;i la&#768; &#8216;</span><em><span>responder</span></em><span>&#8216;), nh&#432;ng cu&#771;ng se&#771; co&#769; m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i kha&#769;c pha&#777;n &#432;&#769;ng ke&#769;m h&#417;n va&#768; ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; ch&#226;&#803;m h&#417;n, hay th&#226;&#803;m chi&#769; kh&#244;ng ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; (&#8217;</span><em><span>non-responder</span></em><span>&#8216;), va&#768; se&#771; co&#769; nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i co&#769; pha&#777;n &#432;&#769;ng n&#259;&#768;m &#417;&#777; &#273;&#226;u &#273;o&#769; gi&#432;&#771;a hai &#273;i&#234;&#777;m c&#432;&#803;c na&#768;y.</span></p></li><li><p><span>Nh&#432; &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ghi nh&#226;&#803;n b&#417;&#777;i &#8220;</span><em><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15947721/"><span>Hubal va&#768; &#273;&#244;&#768;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p</span></a></em><span>&#8221;, khi g&#226;&#768;n 600 ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i tham gia (ca&#777; nam va&#768; n&#432;&#771;) tra&#777;i qua m&#244;&#803;t ch&#432;&#417;ng tri&#768;nh t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n ke&#769;o da&#768;i 12 tu&#226;&#768;n, ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; v&#234;&#768; s&#432;&#769;c ma&#803;nh dao &#273;&#244;&#803;ng trong khoa&#777;ng t&#432;&#768; +0% &#273;&#234;&#769;n +250%, trong khi thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i v&#234;&#768; ki&#769;ch th&#432;&#417;&#769;c c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p dao &#273;&#244;&#803;ng trong khoa&#777;ng -2% &#273;&#234;&#769;n +59%. No&#769;i ca&#769;ch kha&#769;c, cu&#768;ng tham gia m&#244;&#803;t ch&#432;&#417;ng tri&#768;nh t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n, co&#769; ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i kh&#244;ng t&#259;ng th&#234;m chu&#769;t s&#432;&#769;c ma&#803;nh na&#768;o trong khi co&#769; ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#259;ng h&#417;n g&#226;&#769;p &#273;&#244;i, va&#768; th&#226;&#803;m chi&#769; co&#769; ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i su&#803;t gia&#777;m ki&#769;ch th&#432;&#417;&#769;c c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p.</span></p></li></ul><blockquote><p><em><span>Pha&#777;n &#432;&#769;ng ca&#769; nh&#226;n v&#417;&#769;i t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n trong b&#244;&#769;i ca&#777;nh nhu c&#226;&#768;u v&#234;&#768; kh&#244;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n cu&#777;a nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p tri&#768;nh &#273;&#244;&#803; cao (</span><a href="https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/159004871/lieu-nguoi-tap-lau-nam-co-can-tap-luyen-voi-volume-cao-hon"><span>T&#226;&#803;p San S&#244;&#769; 02/2024</span></a><span>) va&#768; &#273;&#226;&#777;y nhanh t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; &#417;&#777; nh&#432;&#771;ng tr&#432;&#417;&#768;ng h&#417;&#803;p &#8216;kho&#769; t&#259;ng c&#417;&#8217; (</span><a href="https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/146354522/kho-tang-co-co-can-nhieu-tap-voi-volume-cao-hon-khong"><span>T&#226;&#803;p San S&#244;&#769; 05/2024</span></a><span>).</span></em></p></blockquote><p><span>Khi c&#226;n nh&#259;&#769;c v&#417;&#769;i kha&#777; n&#259;ng d&#432;&#803; ba&#769;o &#8216;xu&#226;&#769;t pha&#769;t &#273;i&#234;&#777;m&#8217; cu&#777;a &#273;&#259;&#803;c &#273;i&#234;&#777;m x&#432;&#417;ng, s&#432;&#803; kha&#769;c bi&#234;&#803;t v&#234;&#768; &#8216;pha&#777;n &#432;&#769;ng t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n&#8217; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n nh&#432;&#771;ng s&#432;&#803; k&#234;&#769;t h&#417;&#803;p kha&#769; &#273;a da&#803;ng gi&#432;&#771;a kh&#417;&#777;i &#273;i&#234;&#777;m va&#768; t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n. Vi&#769; du&#803;, b&#234;n ca&#803;nh nh&#432;&#771;ng ti&#768;nh hu&#244;&#769;ng (ke&#769;m) may m&#259;&#769;n nh&#226;&#769;t (kh&#417;&#777;i &#273;i&#234;&#777;m cao - pha&#777;n &#432;&#769;ng t&#244;&#769;t, kh&#417;&#777;i &#273;i&#234;&#777;m th&#226;&#769;p - pha&#777;n &#432;&#769;ng ke&#769;m), co&#768;n co&#769; nh&#432;&#771;ng tr&#432;&#417;&#768;ng h&#417;&#803;p &#273;&#244;&#803;c &#273;a&#769;o nh&#432; &#8216;kh&#417;&#777;i &#273;i&#234;&#777;m cao - pha&#777;n &#432;&#769;ng ke&#769;m&#8217;, hay &#8216;kh&#417;&#777;i &#273;i&#234;&#777;m th&#226;&#769;p - pha&#777;n &#432;&#769;ng t&#244;&#769;t&#8217;.</span></p><p><span>Th&#432;&#777; so sa&#769;nh hai tr&#432;&#417;&#768;ng h&#417;&#803;p gia&#777; &#273;i&#803;nh: &#8220;kh&#417;&#777;i &#273;i&#234;&#777;m th&#226;&#769;p - pha&#777;n &#432;&#769;ng t&#244;&#769;t&#8221; va&#768; &#8220;kh&#417;&#777;i &#273;i&#234;&#777;m cao - pha&#777;n &#432;&#769;ng ke&#769;m&#8221;.</span></p><ul><li><p><span>K&#234;&#777; ca&#777; v&#417;&#769;i pha&#777;n &#432;&#769;ng t&#244;&#769;t, ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p co&#769; kh&#417;&#777;i &#273;i&#234;&#777;m th&#226;&#769;p h&#417;n se&#771; m&#226;&#769;t th&#417;&#768;i gian &#273;&#234;&#777; b&#259;&#769;t ki&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i m&#244;&#803;t ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p co&#769; kh&#417;&#777;i &#273;i&#234;&#777;m cao h&#417;n (co&#769; l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng c&#417; ban &#273;&#226;&#768;u l&#417;&#769;n h&#417;n, du&#768; ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; ch&#226;&#803;m h&#417;n); no&#769; gi&#244;&#769;ng nh&#432; m&#244;&#803;t cu&#244;&#803;c &#273;ua gi&#432;&#771;a m&#244;&#803;t ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i cha&#803;y nhanh h&#417;n nh&#432;ng xu&#226;&#769;t pha&#769;t &#417;&#777; phi&#769;a sau so v&#417;&#769;i m&#244;&#803;t ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i cha&#803;y ch&#226;&#803;m h&#417;n nh&#432;ng xu&#226;&#769;t pha&#769;t tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c.</span></p></li><li><p><span>Sau m&#244;&#803;t khoa&#777;ng th&#417;&#768;i gian t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#244;&#769;i da&#768;i, r&#226;&#769;t co&#769; th&#234;&#777; k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; ph&#226;n ti&#769;ch v&#226;&#771;n se&#771; ghi nh&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c m&#244;&#769;i li&#234;n h&#234;&#803; t&#432;&#417;ng quan (du&#768; y&#234;&#769;u) gi&#432;&#771;a &#273;&#259;&#803;c &#273;i&#234;&#777;m x&#432;&#417;ng ban &#273;&#226;&#768;u va&#768; pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p.</span></p></li></ul><p><span>Ch&#432;a k&#234;&#777;, n&#234;&#769;u ch&#226;&#769;p nh&#226;&#803;n r&#259;&#768;ng &#273;&#259;&#803;c &#273;i&#234;&#777;m x&#432;&#417;ng ban &#273;&#226;&#768;u co&#769; pha&#777;n a&#769;nh l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng c&#417; t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a m&#244;&#803;t ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i co&#769; th&#234;&#777; mang tr&#234;n mi&#768;nh, khi k&#234;&#769;t h&#417;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i pha&#777;n &#432;&#769;ng ke&#769;m v&#417;&#769;i t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n, no&#769; d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n m&#244;&#803;t ti&#768;nh hu&#244;&#769;ng &#417;&#777; &#273;o&#769; ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p pha&#777;i th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n m&#244;&#803;t </span><em><span>kh&#244;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n kh&#244;&#777;ng l&#244;&#768; </span></em><span>&#273;&#234;&#777; cha&#803;m t&#417;&#769;i gi&#417;&#769;i ha&#803;n ti&#234;&#768;m n&#259;ng tr&#234;n ly&#769; thuy&#234;&#769;t cu&#777;a mi&#768;nh. Trong th&#432;&#803;c t&#234;&#769;, t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n v&#417;&#769;i kh&#244;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng r&#226;&#769;t l&#417;&#769;n (&#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i ca&#769; nh&#226;n) se&#771; g&#259;&#803;p pha&#777;i s&#432;&#803; ca&#777;n tr&#417;&#777; cu&#777;a ca&#769;c y&#234;&#769;u t&#244;&#769; th&#432;&#803;c ti&#234;&#771;n nh&#432; kha&#777; n&#259;ng h&#244;&#768;i phu&#803;c, th&#417;&#768;i gian co&#769; th&#234;&#777; da&#768;nh cho t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n, ca&#769;c &#432;u ti&#234;n kha&#769;c trong cu&#244;&#803;c s&#244;&#769;ng, va&#768; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; kho&#769; duy tri&#768; l&#226;u da&#768;i. Vi&#768; th&#234;&#769;, kh&#244;ng i&#769;t ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i se&#771; l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n d&#432;&#768;ng la&#803;i tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c nh&#432;&#771;ng &#8216;gi&#417;&#769;i ha&#803;n th&#432;&#803;c ti&#234;&#771;n&#8217; na&#768;y.</span></p><h2><span>A&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng b&#417;&#777;i c&#226;&#769;u tru&#769;c &#273;&#234;&#769;n hi&#768;nh a&#777;nh</span></h2><p><span>&#272;&#259;&#803;c &#273;i&#234;&#777;m khung x&#432;&#417;ng cu&#777;a m&#244;&#803;t ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i co&#769; th&#234;&#777; khi&#234;&#769;n m&#244;&#803;t ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i nhi&#768;n &#8216;&#273;&#244;&#8217; h&#417;n, mang nhi&#234;&#768;u c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p h&#417;n th&#432;&#803;c t&#234;&#769;, va&#768; ng&#432;&#417;&#803;c la&#803;i. Kh&#244;ng pha&#777;i ng&#226;&#771;u nhi&#234;n ma&#768; b&#244;&#803; m&#244;n Th&#234;&#777; Hi&#768;nh la&#803;i &#432;a chu&#244;&#803;ng ki&#234;&#777;u khung x&#432;&#417;ng ch&#432;&#771; X  (vai r&#244;&#803;ng, eo nho&#777;), khi ki&#234;&#777;u c&#226;&#769;u tru&#769;c c&#417; th&#234;&#777; na&#768;y co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;em la&#803;i &#226;&#769;n t&#432;&#417;&#803;ng r&#259;&#768;ng m&#244;&#803;t ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i co&#769; nhi&#234;&#768;u c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p h&#417;n so v&#417;&#769;i th&#432;&#803;c t&#234;&#769;.</span></p><p><span>Ng&#432;&#417;&#803;c la&#803;i, trong ca&#769;c b&#244;&#803; m&#244;n S&#432;&#769;c ma&#803;nh nh&#432; Powerlifting, ki&#234;&#777;u th&#226;n hi&#768;nh ph&#244;&#777; bi&#234;&#769;n la&#768; khung x&#432;&#417;ng r&#244;&#803;ng va&#768; da&#768;y. C&#226;&#769;u tru&#769;c na&#768;y ke&#769;m h&#226;&#769;p d&#226;&#771;n h&#417;n v&#234;&#768; th&#226;&#777;m my&#771; c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p, co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;em la&#803;i &#226;&#769;n t&#432;&#417;&#803;ng r&#259;&#768;ng m&#244;&#803;t ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i co&#769; l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng c&#417; i&#769;t h&#417;n nhi&#234;&#768;u so v&#417;&#769;i th&#432;&#803;c t&#234;&#769;, nh&#432;ng n&#234;&#769;u nhi&#768;n va&#768;o ca&#769;c v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng vi&#234;n &#273;&#259;&#777;ng c&#226;&#769;p tinh hoa, g&#226;&#768;n nh&#432; kh&#244;ng ai &#273;a&#803;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c vi&#803; th&#234;&#769; nh&#432; ho&#803; ma&#768; co&#769; i&#769;t c&#417; ca&#777;.</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DFhc!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff89c7fe2-586c-4bf9-9c7b-d961c76eaab0_804x850.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DFhc!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff89c7fe2-586c-4bf9-9c7b-d961c76eaab0_804x850.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DFhc!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff89c7fe2-586c-4bf9-9c7b-d961c76eaab0_804x850.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DFhc!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff89c7fe2-586c-4bf9-9c7b-d961c76eaab0_804x850.png 1272w, 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https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DFhc!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff89c7fe2-586c-4bf9-9c7b-d961c76eaab0_804x850.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DFhc!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff89c7fe2-586c-4bf9-9c7b-d961c76eaab0_804x850.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DFhc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff89c7fe2-586c-4bf9-9c7b-d961c76eaab0_804x850.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">M&#244;&#803;t vi&#769; du&#803; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c Eric Helms (pha&#777;i) tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n trong podcast la&#768; Alberto Nunez (gi&#432;&#771;a). C&#226;&#769;u tru&#769;c khung x&#432;&#417;ng cu&#777;a Nunez khi&#234;&#769;n &#244;ng co&#769; ve&#777; ngoa&#768;i &#8216;c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p&#8217; kh&#244;ng ke&#769;m Helms, m&#259;&#803;c du&#768; th&#226;&#769;p h&#417;n.</figcaption></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9Tc6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F81bc12b8-070b-49f7-962b-f42582458c03_1309x763.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9Tc6!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F81bc12b8-070b-49f7-962b-f42582458c03_1309x763.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9Tc6!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F81bc12b8-070b-49f7-962b-f42582458c03_1309x763.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9Tc6!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F81bc12b8-070b-49f7-962b-f42582458c03_1309x763.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9Tc6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F81bc12b8-070b-49f7-962b-f42582458c03_1309x763.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9Tc6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F81bc12b8-070b-49f7-962b-f42582458c03_1309x763.png" width="492" height="286.7807486631016" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/81bc12b8-070b-49f7-962b-f42582458c03_1309x763.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:763,&quot;width&quot;:1309,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:492,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9Tc6!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F81bc12b8-070b-49f7-962b-f42582458c03_1309x763.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9Tc6!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F81bc12b8-070b-49f7-962b-f42582458c03_1309x763.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9Tc6!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F81bc12b8-070b-49f7-962b-f42582458c03_1309x763.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9Tc6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F81bc12b8-070b-49f7-962b-f42582458c03_1309x763.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">B&#244;&#803; m&#244;n Powerlifting co&#769; xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng cho&#803;n lo&#803;c ki&#234;&#777;u khung x&#432;&#417;ng r&#244;&#803;ng va&#768; da&#768;y &#417;&#777; &#273;&#259;&#777;ng c&#226;&#769;p tinh hoa. B&#234;n tra&#769;i: Kjell Egil Bakkelund (ha&#803;ng c&#226;n 64-66kg/1m57); b&#234;n pha&#777;i Jesus Olivares (ha&#803;ng c&#226;n si&#234;u tro&#803;ng, 178kg/1m85)</figcaption></figure></div><h1><span>&#272;I&#202;&#768;U NA&#768;Y CO&#769; Y&#769; NGHI&#771;A GI&#768; V&#416;&#769;I BA&#803;N</span></h1><p><span>N&#234;&#769;u nh&#432; ba&#803;n th&#432;&#803;c s&#432;&#803; mu&#244;&#769;n bi&#234;&#769;t kha&#777; n&#259;ng t&#259;ng c&#417; cu&#777;a mi&#768;nh trong ng&#259;&#769;n ha&#803;n va&#768; da&#768;i ha&#803;n, kha&#777; n&#259;ng la&#768; nh&#432;&#771;ng d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n v&#432;&#768;a &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n kh&#244;ng m&#226;&#769;y kha&#777; quan.</span></p><ul><li><p><span>Trong khi co&#769; t&#432;&#417;ng quan ch&#259;&#769;c ch&#259;&#769;n v&#417;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng c&#417; ba&#803;n mang tr&#234;n ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c khi b&#259;&#769;t &#273;&#226;&#768;u t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n, hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i ch&#432;a co&#769; b&#259;&#768;ng ch&#432;&#769;ng na&#768;o cho th&#226;&#769;y r&#259;&#768;ng &#273;&#259;&#803;c &#273;i&#234;&#777;m x&#432;&#417;ng co&#769; th&#234;&#777; d&#432;&#803; ba&#769;o chi&#769;nh xa&#769;c t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; t&#259;ng c&#417; sau m&#244;&#803;t va&#768;u tha&#769;ng, hay l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a ba&#803;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; t&#259;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c trong ca&#777; qua&#769; tri&#768;nh t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n (chu&#769; y&#769; la&#768; c&#244;ng tri&#768;nh cu&#777;a Casey Butt ch&#432;a t&#432;&#768;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c bi&#768;nh duy&#234;&#803;t hay ki&#234;&#777;m ch&#432;&#769;ng).</span></p></li><li><p><span>Hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i, va&#768; kha&#777; n&#259;ng la&#768; trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai g&#226;&#768;n, kh&#244;ng co&#769; m&#244;&#803;t c&#244;ng cu&#803; na&#768;o co&#769; kha&#777; n&#259;ng d&#432;&#803; ba&#769;o chi&#769;nh xa&#769;c nh&#432;&#771;ng &#273;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y, va&#768; nh&#432;&#771;ng c&#244;ng cu&#803; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c qua&#777;ng ba&#769; (vd: l&#226;&#769;y k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; que&#769;t DXA va&#768; nh&#226;&#803;p va&#768;o m&#244;&#803;t ph&#432;&#417;ng tri&#768;nh) kha&#777; n&#259;ng la&#768; se&#771; co&#769; &#273;&#244;&#803; tin c&#226;&#803;y &#273;a&#769;ng hoa&#768;i nghi.</span></p></li></ul><p><span>V&#226;&#803;y &#273;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y co&#769; </span><em><span>&#273;a&#769;ng b&#226;&#803;n t&#226;m</span></em><span>?</span></p><p><span>Tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c h&#234;&#769;t no&#769; phu&#803; thu&#244;&#803;c va&#768;o li&#234;&#803;u ba&#803;n co&#769; xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng n&#244;n no&#769;ng mu&#244;&#769;n bi&#234;&#769;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c 1) mi&#768;nh se&#771; t&#259;ng th&#234;m bao nhi&#234;u c&#417; sau m&#244;&#803;t giai &#273;oa&#803;n t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n, hay 2) mi&#768;nh se&#771; t&#259;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a bao nhi&#234;u c&#417; trong su&#244;&#769;t ha&#768;nh tri&#768;nh t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n.</span></p><p><span>N&#234;&#769;u chi&#777; nh&#259;&#768;m </span><em><strong><span>&#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769; t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803;</span></strong></em><span> cu&#777;a ba&#777;n th&#226;n, hai c&#226;u ho&#777;i na&#768;y, trong khi kha&#769; thu&#769; vi&#803; &#273;&#234;&#777; suy nghi&#771; va&#768; tranh lu&#226;&#803;n, to&#777; ra kha&#769; v&#244; du&#803;ng trong th&#432;&#803;c t&#234;&#769;. </span></p><ul><li><p><span>Ba&#777;n th&#226;n vi&#234;&#803;c c&#244;&#769; g&#259;&#769;ng &#273;o l&#432;&#417;&#768;ng thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i chi&#769;nh xa&#769;c v&#234;&#768; l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng th&#226;n Na&#803;c trong ng&#259;&#769;n ha&#803;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; kh&#244;ng kha&#777; thi trong th&#432;&#803;c t&#234;&#769; vi&#768;: 1) ca&#769;c ph&#432;&#417;ng pha&#769;p th&#244;ng du&#803;ng &#273;&#234;&#777; &#432;&#417;&#769;c ti&#769;nh l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng th&#226;n Na&#803;c th&#244;ng qua &#432;&#417;&#769;c ti&#769;nh ti&#777; l&#234;&#803; M&#417;&#771; toa&#768;n th&#226;n (vd: &#273;o b&#259;&#768;ng ma&#769;y Inbody ph&#244;&#777; bi&#234;&#769;n ta&#803;i pho&#768;ng t&#226;&#803;p) co&#769; &#273;&#244;&#803; chi&#769;nh xa&#769;c kha&#769; th&#226;&#769;p; va&#768;, 2) ngay ca&#777; nh&#432;&#771;ng ph&#432;&#417;ng pha&#769;p &#273;a&#803;t chu&#226;&#777;n thi&#769; nghi&#234;&#803;m (vd: que&#769;t DXA v&#244;&#769;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c coi la&#768; ph&#432;&#417;ng pha&#769;p &#8216;chu&#226;&#777;n va&#768;ng&#8217; cu&#777;a &#432;&#417;&#769;c ti&#769;nh tha&#768;nh ph&#226;&#768;n hi&#768;nh th&#234;&#777;) cu&#771;ng co&#769; m&#432;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; sai s&#244;&#769; &#273;u&#777; l&#417;&#769;n &#273;&#234;&#777; kho&#769; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c nh&#432;&#771;ng thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i nho&#777;.</span></p></li><li><p>&#272;&#234;&#777; minh ho&#803;a, d&#432;&#417;&#769;i &#273;&#226;y la&#768; d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n v&#234;&#768; m&#432;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng th&#226;n M&#417;&#771; t&#244;&#769;i thi&#234;&#777;u c&#226;&#768;n xa&#777;y ra &#273;&#234;&#777; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i th&#432;&#803;c s&#432;&#803; b&#259;&#768;ng m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; ph&#432;&#417;ng pha&#769;p &#432;&#417;&#769;c ti&#769;nh hi&#768;nh th&#234;&#777; th&#244;ng du&#803;ng. No&#769; cho th&#226;&#769;y r&#259;&#768;ng ba&#803;n c&#226;&#768;n pha&#777;i ta&#803;o ra m&#244;&#803;t thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i &#273;u&#777; l&#417;&#769;n &#273;&#234;&#777; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;a&#777;m ba&#777;o k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#273;o l&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;u&#777; tin c&#226;&#803;y (va&#768; kh&#244;ng pha&#777;i do sai s&#244;&#769; &#273;o l&#432;&#417;&#768;ng).</p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-t9Y!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0aef856-e158-4f77-9a83-bbb40145d4ea_1132x159.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-t9Y!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0aef856-e158-4f77-9a83-bbb40145d4ea_1132x159.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-t9Y!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0aef856-e158-4f77-9a83-bbb40145d4ea_1132x159.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-t9Y!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0aef856-e158-4f77-9a83-bbb40145d4ea_1132x159.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-t9Y!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0aef856-e158-4f77-9a83-bbb40145d4ea_1132x159.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-t9Y!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0aef856-e158-4f77-9a83-bbb40145d4ea_1132x159.png" width="562" height="78.93816254416961" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d0aef856-e158-4f77-9a83-bbb40145d4ea_1132x159.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:159,&quot;width&quot;:1132,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:562,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-t9Y!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0aef856-e158-4f77-9a83-bbb40145d4ea_1132x159.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-t9Y!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0aef856-e158-4f77-9a83-bbb40145d4ea_1132x159.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-t9Y!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0aef856-e158-4f77-9a83-bbb40145d4ea_1132x159.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-t9Y!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0aef856-e158-4f77-9a83-bbb40145d4ea_1132x159.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">M&#432;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i t&#244;&#769;i thi&#234;&#777;u v&#234;&#768; l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng th&#226;n M&#417;&#771; &#273;&#234;&#777; ghi nh&#226;&#803;n thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i th&#432;&#803;c s&#432;&#803; va&#768; loa&#803;i tr&#432;&#768; nhi&#234;&#771;u loa&#803;n (sai s&#244;&#769; &#273;o l&#432;&#417;&#768;ng, bi&#234;&#769;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng qua nga&#768;y) khi &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769; b&#259;&#768;ng m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; ph&#432;&#417;ng pha&#769;p &#432;&#417;&#769;c ti&#769;nh hi&#768;nh th&#234;&#777; th&#244;ng du&#803;ng, ghi nh&#226;&#803;n b&#417;&#777;i &#8220;<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33186896/">Farley va&#768; &#273;&#244;&#768;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p</a>&#8221;</figcaption></figure></div><p><span>Co&#768;n th&#432;&#769; ma&#768; hai c&#226;u ho&#777;i tr&#234;n cho bi&#234;&#769;t nhi&#234;&#768;u h&#417;n la&#803;i li&#234;n quan &#273;&#234;&#769;n </span><em><strong><span>&#273;&#244;&#803;ng l&#432;&#803;c t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n</span></strong></em><span> cu&#777;a ba&#803;n. R&#226;&#769;t co&#769; th&#234;&#777; ba&#803;n &#273;ang chi&#803;u a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng b&#417;&#777;i t&#226;m ly&#769; FOMO (</span><em><span>fear of missing out</span></em><span>) ph&#244;&#777; bi&#234;&#769;n ma&#768; nga&#768;nh c&#244;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p fitness khai tha&#769;c tri&#234;&#803;t &#273;&#234;&#777;. N&#234;&#769;u &#273;a&#771; xa&#769;c &#273;i&#803;nh t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n vi&#768; &#273;am m&#234; x&#226;y d&#432;&#803;ng phi&#234;n ba&#777;n t&#244;&#769;t nh&#226;&#769;t cu&#777;a ba&#777;n th&#226;n, vi&#234;&#803;c d&#432;&#803; ba&#769;o ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; kh&#244;ng quan tro&#803;ng b&#259;&#768;ng vi&#234;&#803;c t&#226;&#803;p trung va&#768;o chi&#769;nh qua&#769; tri&#768;nh ta&#803;o ra ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; &#273;o&#769;. Thay vi&#768; qua&#769; lo l&#259;&#769;ng &#273;&#234;&#769;n con s&#244;&#769; cu&#803; th&#234;&#777;, ha&#771;y c&#244;&#769; g&#259;&#769;ng ta&#803;o &#273;i&#234;&#768;u ki&#234;&#803;n t&#244;&#769;t nh&#226;&#769;t &#273;&#234;&#777; ba&#777;n th&#226;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803;.</span></p><p><span>Co&#768;n n&#234;&#769;u th&#432;&#803;c s&#432;&#803; mu&#244;&#769;n bi&#234;&#769;t, va&#768; co&#769; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u ki&#234;&#803;n ti&#234;&#769;p c&#226;&#803;n nh&#432;&#771;ng ph&#432;&#417;ng pha&#769;p &#273;o l&#432;&#417;&#768;ng va&#768; &#432;&#417;&#769;c ti&#769;nh ch&#226;&#769;t l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng cao (trong khi ch&#226;&#769;p nh&#226;&#803;n nh&#432;&#771;ng ha&#803;n ch&#234;&#769; cu&#777;a chu&#769;ng) , ba&#803;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; so sa&#769;nh m&#432;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; cu&#777;a ba&#777;n th&#226;n v&#417;&#769;i nh&#432;&#771;ng gia&#769; tri&#803; &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c c&#244;ng b&#244;&#769; trong nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u. Chu&#777; &#273;&#234;&#768; na&#768;y &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n chi ti&#234;&#769;t trong </span><a href="https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/176396290/phat-trien-co-bap-to-them-bao-nhieu-va-trong-bao-lau"><span>T&#226;&#803;p San S&#244;&#769; 04/2025</span></a><span>. Ca&#769;c ba&#803;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; tham kha&#777;o hai hi&#768;nh b&#234;n d&#432;&#417;&#769;i minh ho&#803;a cho m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; gia&#769; tri&#803; &#432;&#417;&#769;c ti&#769;nh cho ca&#769;c m&#432;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; pha&#777;n &#432;&#769;ng kha&#769;c nhau trong ng&#259;&#769;n ha&#803;n (~12 tu&#226;&#768;n, d&#432;&#803;a tr&#234;n thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i v&#234;&#768; l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng th&#226;n Na&#803;c) va&#768; da&#768;i ha&#803;n (10 n&#259;m, d&#432;&#803;a tr&#234;n chi&#777; s&#244;&#769; </span><em><span>Fat Free Mass Index</span></em><span>/FFMI).</span></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OW-W!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58430a2e-50f5-4729-b8b7-d39fe2dc5176_717x524.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OW-W!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58430a2e-50f5-4729-b8b7-d39fe2dc5176_717x524.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OW-W!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58430a2e-50f5-4729-b8b7-d39fe2dc5176_717x524.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OW-W!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58430a2e-50f5-4729-b8b7-d39fe2dc5176_717x524.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OW-W!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58430a2e-50f5-4729-b8b7-d39fe2dc5176_717x524.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OW-W!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58430a2e-50f5-4729-b8b7-d39fe2dc5176_717x524.png" width="527" height="385.1436541143654" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/58430a2e-50f5-4729-b8b7-d39fe2dc5176_717x524.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:524,&quot;width&quot;:717,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:527,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OW-W!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58430a2e-50f5-4729-b8b7-d39fe2dc5176_717x524.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OW-W!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58430a2e-50f5-4729-b8b7-d39fe2dc5176_717x524.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OW-W!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58430a2e-50f5-4729-b8b7-d39fe2dc5176_717x524.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!OW-W!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F58430a2e-50f5-4729-b8b7-d39fe2dc5176_717x524.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div 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stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JXo2!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd03b58cd-c816-4451-be45-283c46ff64b9_1122x849.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JXo2!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd03b58cd-c816-4451-be45-283c46ff64b9_1122x849.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JXo2!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd03b58cd-c816-4451-be45-283c46ff64b9_1122x849.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JXo2!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd03b58cd-c816-4451-be45-283c46ff64b9_1122x849.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JXo2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd03b58cd-c816-4451-be45-283c46ff64b9_1122x849.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JXo2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd03b58cd-c816-4451-be45-283c46ff64b9_1122x849.png" width="526" height="398.01604278074865" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d03b58cd-c816-4451-be45-283c46ff64b9_1122x849.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:849,&quot;width&quot;:1122,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:526,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JXo2!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd03b58cd-c816-4451-be45-283c46ff64b9_1122x849.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JXo2!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd03b58cd-c816-4451-be45-283c46ff64b9_1122x849.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JXo2!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd03b58cd-c816-4451-be45-283c46ff64b9_1122x849.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JXo2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd03b58cd-c816-4451-be45-283c46ff64b9_1122x849.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><span>B&#234;n ca&#803;nh &#273;o&#769;, ca&#769;c ba&#803;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; tham kha&#777;o ba&#777;ng ph&#226;n loa&#803;i tri&#768;nh &#273;&#244;&#803; t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n sau &#273;&#234;&#777; xa&#769;c &#273;i&#803;nh xem ba&#777;n th&#226;n &#273;ang &#417;&#777; &#273;&#226;u, d&#432;&#803;a tr&#234;n t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; trong t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n cu&#777;a mi&#768;nh.</span></p><blockquote></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bpqG!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17b5897e-0bf2-4152-8624-982d0a0a5ac8_1281x738.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bpqG!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17b5897e-0bf2-4152-8624-982d0a0a5ac8_1281x738.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bpqG!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17b5897e-0bf2-4152-8624-982d0a0a5ac8_1281x738.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bpqG!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17b5897e-0bf2-4152-8624-982d0a0a5ac8_1281x738.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bpqG!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17b5897e-0bf2-4152-8624-982d0a0a5ac8_1281x738.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bpqG!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17b5897e-0bf2-4152-8624-982d0a0a5ac8_1281x738.png" width="484" height="278.8384074941452" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/17b5897e-0bf2-4152-8624-982d0a0a5ac8_1281x738.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:738,&quot;width&quot;:1281,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:484,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bpqG!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17b5897e-0bf2-4152-8624-982d0a0a5ac8_1281x738.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bpqG!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17b5897e-0bf2-4152-8624-982d0a0a5ac8_1281x738.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bpqG!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17b5897e-0bf2-4152-8624-982d0a0a5ac8_1281x738.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!bpqG!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17b5897e-0bf2-4152-8624-982d0a0a5ac8_1281x738.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><span>N&#234;&#769;u nh&#432; nh&#226;&#803;n th&#226;&#769;y ba&#777;n th&#226;n &#273;ang &#8220;ch&#432;&#771;ng&#8221; hay kh&#244;ng ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; v&#417;&#769;i t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; mong mu&#244;&#769;n, ba&#803;n n&#234;&#769;n &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769; la&#803;i ph&#432;&#417;ng a&#769;n t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n cu&#777;a ba&#777;n th&#226;n. Hi&#768;nh b&#234;n d&#432;&#417;&#769;i va&#803;ch ra s&#417; &#273;&#244;&#768; t&#432; duy giu&#769;p ba&#803;n xa&#769;c &#273;i&#803;nh nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n va&#768; ph&#432;&#417;ng a&#769;n &#8216;v&#432;&#417;&#803;t ch&#432;&#771;ng&#8217;.</span></p><blockquote></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA1M!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F39afb778-903a-4528-8290-d2f88fe48b04_703x963.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA1M!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F39afb778-903a-4528-8290-d2f88fe48b04_703x963.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA1M!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F39afb778-903a-4528-8290-d2f88fe48b04_703x963.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA1M!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F39afb778-903a-4528-8290-d2f88fe48b04_703x963.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA1M!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F39afb778-903a-4528-8290-d2f88fe48b04_703x963.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA1M!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F39afb778-903a-4528-8290-d2f88fe48b04_703x963.png" width="423" height="579.4438122332859" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/39afb778-903a-4528-8290-d2f88fe48b04_703x963.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:963,&quot;width&quot;:703,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:423,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA1M!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F39afb778-903a-4528-8290-d2f88fe48b04_703x963.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA1M!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F39afb778-903a-4528-8290-d2f88fe48b04_703x963.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA1M!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F39afb778-903a-4528-8290-d2f88fe48b04_703x963.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA1M!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F39afb778-903a-4528-8290-d2f88fe48b04_703x963.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><span>M&#259;&#803;t kha&#769;c, ba&#803;n cu&#771;ng kh&#244;ng c&#226;&#768;n e&#769;p ba&#777;n th&#226;n c&#244;&#769; g&#259;&#769;ng t&#259;ng c&#417; b&#259;&#768;ng mo&#803;i gia&#769;, n&#234;&#769;u nh&#432; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u &#273;o&#769; v&#234;&#768; l&#226;u da&#768;i kh&#244;ng khi&#234;&#769;n ba&#803;n ca&#777;m th&#226;&#769;y h&#432;&#769;ng thu&#769; hay co&#769; &#273;&#244;&#803;ng l&#432;&#803;c theo &#273;u&#244;&#777;i. Trong qua&#769; tri&#768;nh t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n, ba&#803;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; ti&#234;&#769;p xu&#769;c va&#768; th&#432;&#777; s&#432;&#769;c v&#417;&#769;i </span><em><span>ca&#769;c b&#244;&#803; m&#244;n kha&#769;c</span></em><span> va&#768; nh&#226;&#803;n ra r&#259;&#768;ng chu&#769;ng phu&#768; h&#417;&#803;p h&#417;n c&#417; th&#234;&#777; ba&#803;n, khi&#234;&#769;n ba&#803;n ca&#777;m th&#226;&#769;y tho&#777;a ma&#771;n va&#768; co&#769; h&#432;&#769;ng thu&#769; v&#417;&#769;i t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n h&#417;n. &#272;i&#234;&#768;u quan tro&#803;ng la&#768; ba&#803;n ti&#768;m &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c m&#244;&#803;t hoa&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803;ng th&#234;&#777; ch&#226;&#769;t ma&#768; ba&#777;n th&#226;n y&#234;u thi&#769;ch, mu&#244;&#769;n th&#432;&#777; tha&#769;ch ba&#777;n th&#226;n va&#768; theo &#273;u&#244;&#777;i l&#226;u da&#768;i.</span></p><div><hr></div><p><span>Co&#768;n n&#234;&#769;u ba&#803;n th&#432;&#803;c s&#432;&#803; quan t&#226;m &#273;&#234;&#769;n vi&#234;&#803;c &#273;a&#803;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ti&#234;&#768;m n&#259;ng pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p </span><em><span>t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a </span></em><span>cu&#777;a ba&#777;n th&#226;n, t&#226;&#803;n du&#803;ng m&#244;&#769;i li&#234;n h&#234;&#803; gi&#432;&#771;a x&#432;&#417;ng va&#768; c&#417; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; la&#768; ma&#777;nh ghe&#769;p cu&#244;&#769;i cu&#768;ng ma&#768; ba&#803;n &#273;ang bo&#777; l&#417;&#771;.</span></p><h2><span>&#8220;Th&#432;&#777; tha&#769;ch C&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769;ng&#8221; &#273;&#234;&#777; t&#259;ng c&#417; t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a?</span></h2><blockquote><p><span>Tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c ti&#234;n, &#273;&#226;y la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t gia&#777; thuy&#234;&#769;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#273;&#234;&#768; xu&#226;&#769;t b&#417;&#777;i Eric Helms d&#432;&#803;a tr&#234;n ca&#769;c ly&#769; thuy&#234;&#769;t v&#234;&#768; c&#417; ch&#234;&#769;, hi&#234;&#803;n ch&#432;a co&#769; b&#259;&#768;ng ch&#432;&#769;ng na&#768;o tr&#432;&#803;c ti&#234;&#769;p u&#777;ng h&#244;&#803;. Gi&#244;&#769;ng nh&#432; mo&#803;i &#273;&#234;&#768; xu&#226;&#769;t da&#803;ng &#8220;ve&#769;t n&#244;&#769;t 1% cu&#244;&#769;i cu&#768;ng&#8221;, &#273;&#226;y la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t &#273;&#234;&#768; xu&#226;&#769;t ma&#768; ba&#803;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; c&#226;n nh&#259;&#769;c, nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng b&#259;&#769;t bu&#244;&#803;c, th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n &#273;&#234;&#777; &#273;a&#803;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#273;a&#803;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; t&#244;&#769;t nh&#226;&#769;t. Du&#768; v&#226;&#803;y, t&#432;&#768; go&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n th&#234;&#777; ch&#226;&#769;t toa&#768;n di&#234;&#803;n, mi&#768;nh nghi&#771; &#273;a s&#244;&#769; ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p n&#234;n a&#769;p du&#803;ng no&#769;.</span></p></blockquote><p><span>M&#244;&#803;t &#273;i&#234;&#768;u hi&#234;&#803;n chu&#769;ng ta &#273;a&#771; bi&#234;&#769;t kha&#769; ch&#259;&#769;c la&#768;, &#8220;a&#769;p l&#432;&#803;c c&#417; ho&#803;c&#8221; la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t y&#234;&#769;u t&#244;&#769; chu&#777; &#273;a&#803;o ki&#769;ch thi&#769;ch c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n. Chu&#769;ng ta th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng nh&#259;&#769;c &#273;&#234;&#769;n nh&#432;&#771;ng </span><em><span>ca&#777;m bi&#234;&#769;n c&#417; ho&#803;c </span></em><span>ta&#803;i t&#234;&#769; ba&#768;o c&#417;, &#273;o&#769;ng vai tro&#768; chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a ti&#769;n hi&#234;&#803;u c&#417; ho&#803;c t&#432;&#768; ta&#803;/hoa&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803;ng c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p &#273;&#234;&#777; ch&#244;&#769;ng la&#803;i kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c t&#432;&#768; ta&#803; tha&#768;nh ti&#769;n hi&#234;&#803;u sinh-ho&#769;a ki&#769;ch hoa&#803;t qua&#769; tri&#768;nh x&#226;y d&#432;&#803;ng c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p.</span></p><p><span>M&#259;&#803;t kha&#769;c, nh&#432;&#771;ng ca&#777;m bi&#234;&#769;n c&#417; ho&#803;c na&#768;y cu&#771;ng t&#244;&#768;n ta&#803;i va&#768; ta&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803;ng &#273;&#234;&#769;n x&#432;&#417;ng. Cu&#803; th&#234;&#777;, chu&#769;ng pha&#777;n &#432;&#769;ng v&#417;&#769;i l&#432;&#803;c ne&#769;n (</span><em><span>compression force</span></em><span>), l&#432;&#803;c ke&#769;o c&#259;ng (</span><em><span>end-to-end tension</span></em><span>, gi&#432;&#771;a hai &#273;&#226;&#768;u &#273;i&#234;&#777;m ba&#769;m cu&#777;a c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p va&#768;o x&#432;&#417;ng th&#244;ng qua g&#226;n c&#417;), va&#768; l&#432;&#803;c g&#226;y ta&#777;i vu&#768;ng Tru&#803;c (</span><em><span>axial loading</span></em><span>, hay l&#432;&#803;c ta&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803;ng theo ph&#432;&#417;ng do&#803;c l&#234;n c&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769;ng va&#768; x&#432;&#417;ng ch&#226;&#803;u). Nh&#432;&#771;ng ca&#777;m bi&#234;&#769;n na&#768;y co&#769; ti&#234;&#768;m n&#259;ng truy&#234;&#768;n tin qua la&#803;i v&#417;&#769;i c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p, trong da&#768;i ha&#803;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng &#273;&#234;&#769;n l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a ba&#803;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; x&#226;y d&#432;&#803;ng.</span></p><p><span>Du&#768; ch&#432;a co&#769; d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n na&#768;o tr&#432;&#803;c ti&#234;&#769;p ch&#432;&#769;ng minh &#273;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y, m&#244;&#769;i li&#234;n h&#234;&#803; gi&#432;&#771;a x&#432;&#417;ng va&#768; c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p &#273;a&#771; co&#769; &#273;u&#777; nh&#432;&#771;ng quan sa&#769;t th&#432;&#803;c t&#234;&#769; &#273;&#234;&#777; khi&#234;&#769;n chu&#769;ng ta to&#768; mo&#768; v&#234;&#768; s&#432;&#803; t&#244;&#768;n ta&#803;i cu&#777;a no&#769;. Ba&#768;i vi&#234;&#769;t na&#768;y &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#234;&#768; c&#226;&#803;p &#273;&#234;&#769;n m&#244;&#769;i quan h&#234;&#803; gi&#432;&#771;a &#273;&#259;&#803;c &#273;i&#234;&#777;m x&#432;&#417;ng va&#768; l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng c&#417; ba&#803;n mang tr&#234;n ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i 1) tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c khi t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n va&#768; 2) khi &#273;a&#771; cha&#803;m &#273;&#234;&#769;n &#273;u&#777; g&#226;&#768;n v&#417;&#769;i ti&#234;&#768;m n&#259;ng c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a cu&#777;a ba&#803;n. Theo chi&#234;&#768;u h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#803;c la&#803;i, &#417;&#777; nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i cao tu&#244;&#777;i, hi&#234;&#803;n t&#432;&#417;&#803;ng nh&#432;&#417;&#803;c c&#417; (</span><em><span>sarcopenia</span></em><span>) th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng xa&#777;y ra &#273;&#244;&#768;ng th&#417;&#768;i v&#417;&#769;i hi&#234;&#803;n t&#432;&#417;&#803;ng nh&#432;&#417;&#803;c x&#432;&#417;ng (</span><em><span>osteopenia</span></em><span>).</span></p><p><span>Vi&#768; v&#226;&#803;y, m&#244;&#803;t suy lu&#226;&#803;n h&#417;&#803;p ly&#769; la&#768;, ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng x&#432;&#417;ng trong da&#768;i ha&#803;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; giu&#769;p ba&#803;n &#8220;n&#226;ng m&#432;&#769;c tr&#226;&#768;n&#8221; ti&#234;&#768;m n&#259;ng cu&#777;a mi&#768;nh. &#272;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;a&#803;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c th&#244;ng qua </span><strong><span>t&#226;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i ta&#803; n&#259;&#803;ng</span></strong><span>, va&#768; l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p </span><strong><span>co&#769; g&#226;y ta&#777;i l&#234;n Tru&#803;c (c&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769;ng)</span></strong><span>.</span></p><p><span>M&#259;&#803;t kha&#769;c, xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n &#273;&#234;&#777; pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i d&#432;&#417;&#768;ng nh&#432; &#273;ang &#273;i ng&#432;&#417;&#803;c la&#803;i v&#417;&#769;i &#273;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y. M&#244;&#769;i quan t&#226;m hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i chu&#777; y&#234;&#769;u xoay quanh 1) c&#244; l&#226;&#803;p t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a nho&#769;m c&#417; mu&#803;c ti&#234;u, va&#768; 2) t&#226;&#803;p g&#226;&#768;n ho&#259;&#803;c &#273;&#234;&#769;n ng&#432;&#417;&#771;ng th&#226;&#769;t ba&#803;i. Nh&#432;&#771;ng &#432;u ti&#234;n na&#768;y co&#769; th&#234;&#777; d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n nh&#432;&#771;ng ti&#768;nh hu&#244;&#769;ng trong th&#432;&#803;c t&#234;&#769;, &#417;&#777; &#273;o&#769; ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c cho la&#768; ta&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803;ng t&#244;&#769;t h&#417;n va&#768;o c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p trong khi tra&#769;nh m&#234;&#803;t mo&#777;i kh&#244;ng c&#226;&#768;n thi&#234;&#769;t. Nh&#432;ng v&#244; ti&#768;nh, nh&#432;&#771;ng l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n na&#768;y khi&#234;&#769;n ho&#803; (va&#768; x&#432;&#417;ng) kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ti&#234;&#769;p xu&#769;c v&#417;&#769;i m&#432;&#769;c ta&#803; tuy&#234;&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#769;i l&#417;&#769;n h&#417;n, va&#768; ha&#803;n ch&#234;&#769; ti&#234;&#769;p xu&#769;c v&#417;&#769;i a&#769;p l&#432;&#803;c g&#226;y ta&#777;i l&#234;n Tru&#803;c &#273;&#234;&#777; tra&#769;nh m&#234;&#803;t mo&#777;i kh&#244;ng mong mu&#244;&#769;n.</span></p><p><span>Vi&#768; v&#226;&#803;y, n&#234;&#769;u nh&#432; &#273;a&#771; t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n l&#226;u n&#259;m, chu&#777; y&#234;&#769;u t&#226;&#803;p &#417;&#777; khoa&#777;ng Rep cao h&#417;n (vd: 10-20 Reps), s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng chu&#777; y&#234;&#769;u la&#768; ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p ma&#769;y va&#768; c&#244; l&#226;&#803;p nho&#769;m c&#417;, va&#768; ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; &#273;ang bi&#803; ch&#432;&#771;ng la&#803;i, ba&#803;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; a&#769;p du&#803;ng hai ph&#432;&#417;ng a&#769;n sau:</span></p><ul><li><p><strong><span>T&#226;&#803;p nhi&#234;&#768;u h&#417;n v&#417;&#769;i khoa&#777;ng Rep th&#226;&#769;p h&#417;n/m&#432;&#769;c ta&#803; n&#259;&#803;ng h&#417;n</span></strong><span>: &#273;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y kh&#244;ng co&#769; nghi&#771;a la&#768; ba&#803;n pha&#777;i t&#226;&#803;p nh&#432; m&#244;&#803;t ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng &#273;&#234;&#769;n s&#432;&#769;c ma&#803;nh t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a. M&#244;&#803;t xu&#226;&#769;t pha&#769;t &#273;i&#234;&#777;m t&#244;&#769;t la&#768; t&#226;&#803;p trung thu&#769;c &#273;&#226;&#777;y tha&#768;nh ti&#769;ch 4-6RM cu&#777;a ba&#777;n th&#226;n; no&#769; v&#226;&#771;n n&#259;&#768;m trong khoa&#777;ng Rep hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; &#273;&#234;&#777; t&#259;ng c&#417;, va&#768; khi t&#226;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i m&#432;&#769;c ta&#803; n&#259;&#803;ng nh&#432; v&#226;&#803;y ba&#803;n cu&#771;ng kh&#244;ng c&#226;&#768;n pha&#777;i &#273;i &#273;&#234;&#769;n th&#226;&#769;t ba&#803;i hoa&#768;n toa&#768;n &#273;&#234;&#777; m&#244;&#803;t Set t&#226;&#803;p co&#769; hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777;. Chu&#769; y&#769; la&#768; kh&#244;ng pha&#777;i ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p na&#768;o cu&#771;ng phu&#768; h&#417;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i m&#432;&#769;c ta&#803; n&#259;&#803;ng nh&#432; v&#226;&#803;y, se&#771; h&#417;&#803;p ly&#769; h&#417;n v&#417;&#769;i ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p &#272;a kh&#417;&#769;p.</span></p></li></ul><ul><li><p><strong><span>S&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p co&#769; g&#226;y ta&#777;i l&#234;n Tru&#803;c</span></strong><span>: nh&#432;&#771;ng ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i thanh &#273;o&#768;n truy&#234;&#768;n th&#244;&#769;ng (Deadlift, Squat) la&#768; nh&#432;&#771;ng l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n tr&#432;&#803;c quan nh&#226;&#769;t &#273;&#234;&#777; la&#768;m &#273;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y. Tuy nhi&#234;n, m&#226;&#769;u ch&#244;&#769;t la&#768; ta&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803;ng l&#432;&#803;c theo ph&#432;&#417;ng do&#803;c theo vu&#768;ng Tru&#803;c (c&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769;ng) cu&#777;a ba&#803;n. Vi&#768; th&#234;&#769;, b&#234;n ca&#803;nh nh&#432;&#771;ng ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p truy&#234;&#768;n th&#244;&#769;ng tr&#234;n, ba&#803;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i ma&#769;y co&#769; cu&#768;ng &#273;&#259;&#803;c &#273;i&#234;&#777;m kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c tr&#234;n, nh&#432; Hack Squat hay Standing Calf Raise. Nh&#432;&#771;ng ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p na&#768;y &#273;em la&#803;i ti&#777; l&#234;&#803; ki&#769;ch thi&#769;ch tr&#234;n m&#234;&#803;t mo&#777;i co&#769; l&#417;&#803;i h&#417;n, v&#226;&#771;n g&#226;y ta&#777;i l&#234;n c&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769;ng trong khi an toa&#768;n h&#417;n so v&#417;&#769;i ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p t&#432;&#417;ng t&#432;&#803; v&#417;&#769;i ta&#803; &#273;o&#768;n.</span></p></li></ul><blockquote><p><em><span>Vi&#769; du&#803; ca&#769;ch k&#234;&#769;t h&#417;&#803;p 2 g&#417;&#803;i y&#769; na&#768;y: ba&#803;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; b&#259;&#769;t &#273;&#226;&#768;u 1 bu&#244;&#777;i t&#226;&#803;p Ch&#226;n v&#417;&#769;i Hack Squat, t&#259;ng ti&#234;&#769;n l&#234;n 1 Top Set x 5 Reps n&#259;&#803;ng (RPE 7-8), sau &#273;o&#769; th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n 1-3 Sets Back-off Sets v&#417;&#769;i 85% m&#432;&#769;c ta&#803; Top Set (RPE 7-8).</span></em></p></blockquote><p><span>M&#244;&#803;t l&#432;u y&#769; c&#226;&#768;n nh&#259;&#769;c la&#803;i la&#768;, nh&#432;&#771;ng khuy&#234;&#769;n ca&#769;o tr&#234;n da&#768;nh cho nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p l&#226;u n&#259;m mu&#244;&#769;n pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a. Kh&#244;ng i&#769;t quan &#273;i&#234;&#777;m g&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#226;y cho r&#259;&#768;ng, ba&#803;n c&#226;&#768;n pha&#777;i t&#226;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i ta&#803; n&#259;&#803;ng &#273;&#234;&#777; t&#244;&#769;i &#432;u ho&#769;a s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e x&#432;&#417;ng kh&#417;&#769;p. Nh&#432;&#771;ng th&#244;ng &#273;i&#234;&#803;p na&#768;y kh&#244;ng ti&#769;nh &#273;&#234;&#769;n </span><em><span>xu&#226;&#769;t pha&#769;t &#273;i&#234;&#777;m </span></em><span>cu&#777;a ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p; kh&#244;ng pha&#777;i ai cu&#771;ng co&#769; th&#234;&#777; nha&#777;y ngay va&#768;o t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n v&#417;&#769;i ta&#803; n&#259;&#803;ng, vi&#769; du&#803; nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i cao tu&#244;&#777;i ch&#432;a bao gi&#417;&#768; t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n hay nghi&#777; t&#226;&#803;p trong th&#417;&#768;i gian da&#768;i. V&#417;&#769;i nh&#432;&#771;ng &#273;&#244;&#769;i t&#432;&#417;&#803;ng na&#768;y (nh&#432; phu&#803; n&#432;&#771; &#417;&#777; &#273;&#244;&#803; tu&#244;&#777;i ma&#771;n kinh, &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n trong </span><a href="https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/178065543/phu-nu-man-kinh-co-can-phai-tap-nang"><span>T&#226;&#803;p San S&#244;&#769; 06/2025</span></a><span>), t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n v&#417;&#769;i ta&#803; nhe&#803; va&#768; s&#244;&#769; Reps cao &#273;a&#771; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;em la&#803;i ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n ro&#771; r&#234;&#803;t v&#234;&#768; s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e x&#432;&#417;ng kh&#417;&#769;p.</span></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[VÌ SAO CHÂN BẠN ‘BỎ CUỘC’ TRƯỚC TIM PHỔI ]]></title><description><![CDATA[&#8230; va&#768; ca&#769;ch ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n ti&#768;nh tra&#803;ng &#8216;tr&#234;n ba&#777;o d&#432;&#417;&#769;i kh&#244;ng nghe&#8217; trong Hyrox]]></description><link>https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/vi-sao-chan-ban-bo-cuoc-truoc-tim</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/vi-sao-chan-ban-bo-cuoc-truoc-tim</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[The Thinking Trainer]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 12 Jun 2026 07:08:06 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xY-k!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9647d9c3-6191-4fbf-9414-22042f46d1d2_1920x1080.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!xY-k!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9647d9c3-6191-4fbf-9414-22042f46d1d2_1920x1080.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source 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class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption"></figcaption></figure></div><p>Kha&#769;i ni&#234;&#803;m &#8216;<strong>s&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n</strong>&#8217; (<em><strong>endurance</strong></em>) t&#432;&#768; tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c &#273;&#234;&#769;n na&#768;y v&#226;&#771;n g&#259;&#769;n v&#417;&#769;i m&#244;&#803;t n&#234;&#768;n ta&#777;ng th&#234;&#777; l&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#769;u khi&#769; ma&#803;nh me&#771;. Nh&#259;&#769;c &#273;&#234;&#769;n &#8216;b&#234;&#768;n&#8217; chu&#769;ng ta th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng nghi&#771; &#273;&#234;&#769;n nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p cha&#803;y b&#244;&#803; l&#226;u n&#259;m v&#417;&#769;i kh&#244;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n va&#768; tha&#768;nh ti&#769;ch &#273;a&#769;ng n&#234;&#777;, vi&#769; du&#803; Marathon d&#432;&#417;&#769;i 3 ti&#234;&#769;ng, cha&#803;y 100+km/tu&#226;&#768;n. Tuy nhi&#234;n, cu&#771;ng chi&#769;nh nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i na&#768;y khi d&#226;&#769;n th&#226;n sang nh&#432;&#771;ng cu&#244;&#803;c thi m&#417;&#769;i n&#244;&#777;i nh&#432; <em><strong>Hyrox</strong></em> la&#803;i g&#259;&#803;p pha&#777;i m&#244;&#803;t hi&#234;&#803;n t&#432;&#417;&#803;ng khi&#234;&#769;n ho&#803; ca&#777;m th&#226;&#769;y be&#771; ba&#768;ng: </p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#8220;Tr&#234;n ba&#777;o d&#432;&#417;&#769;i kh&#244;ng nghe&#8221;</p></div><p>Cu&#803; th&#234;&#777;, &#8216;&#273;u&#803;ng t&#432;&#417;&#768;ng&#8217; &#417;&#777; c&#432;&#803; ly bi&#768;nh th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng v&#226;&#771;n chi&#777; la&#768; kh&#417;&#777;i &#273;&#244;&#803;ng &#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i ho&#803;.</p><p>Cu&#803; th&#234;&#777; h&#417;n, th&#417;&#777; d&#244;&#769;c va&#768; tu&#803;t &#8216;pace&#8217; sau va&#768;i vo&#768;ng, th&#226;&#803;m chi&#769; chu&#244;&#803;t ru&#769;t &#417;&#777; ca&#769;c ph&#226;&#768;n thi nh&#432; <em>Walking Lunge</em>, <em>Sled Push</em> hay <em>Wall Ball</em>.</p><p>&#272;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y cho th&#226;&#769;y m&#244;&#803;t th&#432;&#803;c t&#234;&#769;: th&#432;&#769; g&#226;y ca&#777;n tr&#417;&#777; cho s&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n cu&#777;a ho&#803; kh&#244;ng pha&#777;i la&#768; th&#234;&#777; l&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#769;u khi&#769;, ma&#768; &#273;&#234;&#769;n t&#432;&#768; m&#244;&#803;t th&#432;&#769; ho&#803; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; la&#771;ng qu&#234;n b&#226;&#769;y l&#226;u nay.</p><div class="pullquote"><p><em><strong>S&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p</strong></em></p></div><p>V&#226;&#803;y la&#768;m th&#234;&#769; na&#768;o &#273;&#234;&#777; ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n &#273;i&#234;&#777;m y&#234;&#769;u na&#768;y? &#272;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n kha&#769; chi ti&#234;&#769;t trong m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; g&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#226;y nh&#226;&#769;t cu&#777;a <em><strong>Mayhem Performance Coaching Podcast</strong></em>.</p><div id="youtube2-y6ellxg00eM" class="youtube-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;videoId&quot;:&quot;y6ellxg00eM&quot;,&quot;startTime&quot;:null,&quot;endTime&quot;:null}" data-component-name="Youtube2ToDOM"><div class="youtube-inner"><iframe src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/y6ellxg00eM?rel=0&amp;autoplay=0&amp;showinfo=0&amp;enablejsapi=0" frameborder="0" loading="lazy" gesture="media" allow="autoplay; fullscreen" allowautoplay="true" allowfullscreen="true" width="728" height="409"></iframe></div></div><blockquote><p><em><strong>Mayhem Crossfit</strong></em> la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t t&#244;&#777; ch&#432;&#769;c hu&#226;&#769;n luy&#234;&#803;n v&#417;&#769;i tro&#803;ng t&#226;m la&#768; phong ca&#769;ch t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n Crossfit va&#768; ca&#769;c b&#244;&#803; m&#244;n th&#234;&#777; ch&#226;&#769;t k&#234;&#769;t h&#417;&#803;p s&#432;&#769;c ma&#803;nh va&#768; th&#234;&#777; l&#432;&#803;c, v&#417;&#769;i g&#432;&#417;ng m&#259;&#803;t &#273;a&#803;i di&#234;&#803;n - ki&#234;m &#273;&#244;&#768;ng sa&#769;ng l&#226;&#803;p - la&#768; <em>Rich Froning</em>, m&#244;&#803;t trong nh&#432;&#771;ng GOAT trong gi&#417;&#769;i CrossFit. Ca&#769;c v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng vi&#234;n cu&#777;a <em>Mayhem Crossfit</em> cu&#771;ng d&#226;&#769;n th&#226;n sang Hyrox va&#768; &#273;a&#803;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c nh&#432;&#771;ng tha&#768;nh ti&#769;ch &#273;a&#769;ng n&#234;&#777;, nh&#432; g&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#226;y <em>Roman Khrenikov</em> trong l&#226;&#768;n debut ha&#803;ng Pro Solo (Nam) &#273;a&#803;t tha&#768;nh ti&#769;ch 65 phu&#769;t 11 gi&#226;y &#417;&#777; ta&#803;i &#273;&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;ua Hyrox NYC.</p></blockquote><h1>&#272;i&#234;&#777;m &#8216;nghe&#771;n&#8217; phong &#273;&#244;&#803;</h1><p>Tha&#768;nh ti&#769;ch hay phong &#273;&#244;&#803; v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng trong th&#234;&#777; thao th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng la&#768; k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; cu&#777;a s&#432;&#803; ph&#244;&#769;i h&#417;&#803;p gi&#432;&#771;a nhi&#234;&#768;u &#8216;ma&#777;nh ghe&#769;p&#8217; la&#768;m n&#234;n n&#259;ng l&#432;&#803;c th&#234;&#777; ch&#226;&#769;t cu&#777;a ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p. &#272;&#234;&#777; xa&#769;c &#273;i&#803;nh va&#768; ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n tha&#768;nh ti&#769;ch v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng, m&#244;&#803;t vi&#234;&#803;c c&#226;&#768;n la&#768;m tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c ti&#234;n la&#768; xa&#769;c &#273;i&#803;nh &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#273;&#226;u la&#768; y&#234;&#769;u t&#244;&#769; ke&#769;o ca&#777; qua&#769; tri&#768;nh xu&#244;&#769;ng - &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c pha&#777;n a&#769;nh qua kha&#769;i ni&#234;&#803;m &#8220;<em><strong>rate-limiting step</strong></em>&#8217;, b&#432;&#417;&#769;c gi&#417;&#769;i ha&#803;n hi&#234;&#803;u su&#226;&#769;t, hay <strong>&#273;i&#234;&#777;m &#8216;nghe&#771;n&#8217; phong &#273;&#244;&#803;</strong>. &#272;i&#234;&#777;m &#8216;nghe&#771;n&#8217; phong &#273;&#244;&#803; se&#771; phu&#803; thu&#244;&#803;c kha&#769; nhi&#234;&#768;u va&#768;o li&#803;ch s&#432;&#777; t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n cu&#777;a ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p, va&#768; tri&#768;nh &#273;&#244;&#803; pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n cu&#777;a ca&#769;c khi&#769;a ca&#803;nh th&#234;&#777; ch&#226;&#769;t kha&#769;c nhau &#273;o&#769;ng go&#769;p va&#768;o phong &#273;&#244;&#803; v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng trong hoa&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803;ng li&#234;n quan.</p><p>Khi ti&#234;&#769;p c&#226;&#803;n v&#226;&#769;n &#273;&#234;&#768; &#8216;s&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n&#8217; trong t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n va&#768; thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u ca&#769;c hoa&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803;ng ph&#244;&#769;i h&#417;&#803;p s&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n va&#768; s&#432;&#769;c ma&#803;nh nh&#432; Hyrox, nhi&#234;&#768;u ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i nghi&#771; r&#259;&#768;ng v&#226;&#769;n &#273;&#234;&#768; cu&#777;a ho&#803; n&#259;&#768;m &#417;&#777; vi&#234;&#803;c th&#234;&#777; l&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#769;u khi&#769; - khi&#769;a ca&#803;nh &#8216;<em>trung &#432;&#417;ng</em>&#8217; cu&#777;a s&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n (kha&#777; n&#259;ng v&#226;&#803;n chuy&#234;&#777;n va&#768; ti&#234;u thu&#803; oxy, thanh tha&#777;i phu&#803; ch&#226;&#769;t chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a va&#768; duy tri&#768; v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng hi&#234;&#769;u khi&#769; cu&#777;a c&#417; th&#234;&#777;) -  kh&#244;ng &#273;u&#777;, va&#768; vi&#768; th&#234;&#769; t&#226;&#803;p trung nhi&#234;&#768;u h&#417;n va&#768;o ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n khi&#769;a ca&#803;nh na&#768;y. &#272;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;u&#769;ng trong m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; tr&#432;&#417;&#768;ng h&#417;&#803;p (vd: nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i co&#769; xu&#226;&#769;t pha&#769;t &#273;i&#234;&#777;m la&#768; t&#226;&#803;p trung va&#768;o s&#432;&#769;c ma&#803;nh), tuy nhi&#234;n, m&#244;&#803;t m&#259;&#769;t xi&#769;ch y&#234;&#769;u th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng bi&#803; bo&#777; qua la&#768; s&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n co&#769; ti&#769;nh <em>cu&#803;c b&#244;&#803;</em> - ta&#803;i c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p - th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng l&#244;&#803; di&#234;&#803;n &#417;&#777; nh&#432;&#771;ng ph&#226;&#768;n thi &#273;o&#768;i ho&#777;i v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p nh&#432; Sled Push, Walking Lunge hay Wall Ball.</p><p><strong>&#8220;S&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p&#8221; (</strong><em><strong>muscle endurance</strong></em><strong>)</strong> co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#273;i&#803;nh nghi&#771;a la&#768; kha&#777; n&#259;ng v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p v&#417;&#769;i c&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#244;&#803; d&#432;&#417;&#769;i m&#432;&#769;c t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a trong th&#417;&#768;i gian da&#768;i.</p><ul><li><p>Khi c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p pha&#777;i v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng qua&#769; ng&#432;&#417;&#771;ng &#8216;s&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n&#8217;, ion H+ va&#768; Lactate trong c&#417; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c sa&#777;n sinh v&#417;&#769;i t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; v&#432;&#417;&#803;t qua&#769; kha&#777; n&#259;ng thanh tha&#777;i cu&#777;a c&#417; th&#234;&#777;, d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n ca&#777;m gia&#769;c bo&#777;ng ra&#769;t, m&#234;&#803;t mo&#777;i va&#768; gia&#777;m kha&#777; n&#259;ng ta&#803;o l&#432;&#803;c &#417;&#777; c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p. M&#244;&#803;t bi&#234;&#777;u hi&#234;&#803;n &#273;&#259;&#803;c tr&#432;ng la&#768; hi&#234;&#803;n t&#432;&#417;&#803;ng th&#417;&#777; d&#244;&#769;c - ca&#769;ch c&#417; th&#234;&#777; b&#259;&#768;ng vi&#234;&#803;c c&#244;&#769; g&#259;&#769;ng na&#803;p th&#234;m Oxy &#273;&#234;&#777; xu&#769;c ti&#234;&#769;n qua&#769; tri&#768;nh &#8216;&#273;&#234;&#803;m&#8217; ion H+ trong c&#417;.</p></li><li><p>&#272;a&#769;ng chu&#769; y&#769;, &#8216;s&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p&#8217; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c re&#768;n luy&#234;&#803;n va&#768; b&#244;&#803;c l&#244;&#803; co&#769; kha&#769;c bi&#234;&#803;t ro&#771; r&#234;&#803;t khi cha&#803;y b&#244;&#803; (chu&#777; y&#234;&#769;u v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng &#8216;&#273;&#259;&#777;ng tr&#432;&#417;&#768;ng&#8217;/<em>isometric</em>, hay kh&#244;ng thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i &#273;&#244;&#803; da&#768;i, hay v&#417;&#769;i bi&#234;n &#273;&#244;&#803; chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng nho&#777;, di&#234;&#771;n ra nhanh cho&#769;ng) so v&#417;&#769;i khi th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n Walking Lunge hay Wall ball (bi&#234;&#769;n &#273;&#244;&#803; chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng l&#417;&#769;n, di&#234;&#771;n ra l&#226;u h&#417;n).</p></li></ul><p>&#272;i&#234;&#777;m &#8216;nghe&#771;n&#8217; &#417;&#777; s&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;&#234;&#769;n t&#432;&#768; m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; y&#234;&#769;u t&#244;&#769; sau:</p><ul><li><p><strong>S&#432;&#769;c ma&#803;nh tuy&#234;&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#769;i</strong>, th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769; b&#259;&#768;ng tha&#768;nh ti&#769;ch <em><strong>1RM</strong></em> cu&#777;a m&#244;&#803;t chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng. C&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#244;&#803; (m&#432;&#769;c ta&#803;) cu&#777;a m&#244;&#803;t hoa&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803;ng chi&#234;&#769;m ti&#777; l&#234;&#803; % ca&#768;ng cao so v&#417;&#769;i m&#432;&#769;c 1RM, ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p ca&#768;ng kho&#769; l&#259;&#803;p la&#803;i chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng &#273;o&#769; li&#234;n tu&#803;c nhi&#234;&#768;u l&#226;&#768;n tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c khi &#273;&#234;&#769;n th&#226;&#769;t ba&#803;i.</p></li><li><p><strong>Hi&#234;&#803;u su&#226;&#769;t chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng (</strong><em><strong>movement economy</strong></em><strong>)</strong>, hay chi phi&#769; n&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng &#273;&#234;&#777; th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n cu&#768;ng m&#244;&#803;t kh&#244;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng.</p><ul><li><p>Hi&#234;&#803;u su&#226;&#769;t chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng ca&#768;ng cao, ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p ca&#768;ng th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c kh&#244;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng l&#417;&#769;n h&#417;n so v&#417;&#769;i cu&#768;ng chi phi&#769; n&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng; tra&#769;i la&#803;i, v&#417;&#769;i hi&#234;&#803;u su&#226;&#769;t chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng th&#226;&#769;p, ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p se&#771; t&#244;&#769;n s&#432;&#769;c h&#417;n khi th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n cu&#768;ng m&#244;&#803;t kh&#244;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng.</p></li><li><p>V&#417;&#769;i ca&#769;c hoa&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803;ng c&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#244;&#803; cao, &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769; tha&#768;nh ti&#769;ch b&#259;&#768;ng kh&#244;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c trong m&#244;&#803;t khoa&#777;ng th&#417;&#768;i gian, vi&#234;&#803;c g&#244;&#768;ng c&#432;&#769;ng va&#768; &#8216;ca&#777;m nh&#226;&#803;n&#8217; c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p - m&#244;&#803;t tho&#769;i quen a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng b&#417;&#777;i Th&#234;&#777; Hi&#768;nh - la&#803;i la&#768; ke&#777; thu&#768;, g&#226;y hao phi&#769; n&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng kh&#244;ng c&#226;&#768;n thi&#234;&#769;t. Chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng phu&#803;c vu&#803; tha&#768;nh ti&#769;ch s&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n &#273;o&#768;i ho&#777;i nhi&#803;p nha&#768;ng, tr&#417;n tru, va&#768; th&#432; gia&#771;n nh&#226;&#769;t co&#769; th&#234;&#777;; ca&#768;ng i&#769;t &#273;&#244;&#803;ng ta&#769;c th&#432;&#768;a, c&#417; se&#771; ca&#768;ng b&#234;&#768;n va&#768; l&#226;u bi&#803; mo&#777;i h&#417;n. </p></li><li><p>Trong khi t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng la&#768; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c quan t&#226;m khi c&#244;&#769; g&#259;&#769;ng &#273;a&#803;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c tha&#768;nh ti&#769;ch cao h&#417;n, no&#769; n&#234;n la&#768; h&#234;&#803; qua&#777; cu&#777;a s&#432;&#803; nhu&#226;&#768;n nhuy&#234;&#771;n trong chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng.</p></li></ul></li></ul><h1>Ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n s&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p: Ti&#768;m &#273;i&#234;&#777;m &#8216;nghe&#771;n&#8217;</h1><p>V&#417;&#769;i nh&#432;&#771;ng th&#244;ng tin tr&#234;n, &#273;&#234;&#777; kh&#259;&#769;c phu&#803;c m&#244;&#803;t ti&#768;nh hu&#244;&#769;ng cu&#803; th&#234;&#777; li&#234;n quan &#273;&#234;&#769;n &#8216;s&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p&#8217;, tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c ti&#234;n chu&#769;ng ta pha&#777;i xa&#769;c &#273;i&#803;nh &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#273;i&#234;&#777;m &#8216;nghe&#771;n&#8217; &#273;&#234;&#769;n t&#432;&#768; &#273;&#226;u.</p><p><strong>S&#432;&#769;c ma&#803;nh</strong>: S&#432;&#769;c ma&#803;nh cu&#777;a ba&#803;n &#417;&#777; chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng cu&#803; th&#234;&#777; ca&#768;ng cao, m&#432;&#769;c ta&#803; trong thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u se&#771; chi&#234;&#769;m ti&#777; l&#234;&#803; % nho&#777; h&#417;n, ba&#803;n cu&#771;ng se&#771; t&#244;&#769;n i&#769;t s&#432;&#769;c h&#417;n &#273;&#234;&#777; th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n m&#244;&#771;i Rep, va&#768; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n nhi&#234;&#768;u Reps h&#417;n nhanh h&#417;n. M&#244;&#803;t chi&#777; d&#226;&#771;n d&#234;&#771; nh&#417;&#769; la&#768;, c&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#244;&#803; (m&#432;&#769;c ta&#803;) cu&#777;a m&#244;&#803;t ph&#226;&#768;n thi &#273;o&#768;i ho&#777;i s&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p n&#234;n t&#432;&#417;ng &#432;&#769;ng v&#417;&#769;i <em>t&#244;&#769;i thi&#234;&#777;u </em>la&#768; <strong>30-40% 1RM</strong> cu&#777;a chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng &#273;o&#769;.</p><ul><li><p>Vi&#769; du&#803;, n&#234;&#769;u ph&#226;&#768;n thi Walking Lunge cu&#777;a Hyrox co&#769; m&#432;&#769;c ta&#803; la&#768; 20kg (m&#432;&#769;c ta&#803; Open Nam/Pro N&#432;&#771;), ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p n&#234;n co&#769; m&#432;&#769;c 1RM cu&#777;a ca&#769;c chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng Lunge (vd: Reverse Lunge) t&#244;&#769;i thi&#234;&#777;u &#417;&#777; 50-65 kg. Tra&#769;i la&#803;i, n&#234;&#769;u m&#432;&#769;c 1RM cu&#777;a ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p &#417;&#777; chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng na&#768;y chi&#777; la&#768; 40 kg (chi&#777; th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c 1 Rep), m&#432;&#769;c ta&#803; thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u t&#432;&#417;ng &#432;&#769;ng v&#417;&#769;i 50% 1RM, kha&#777; n&#259;ng cao la&#768; ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p &#273;ang g&#259;&#803;p thi&#234;&#769;u hu&#803;t ro&#771; r&#234;&#803;t v&#234;&#768; s&#432;&#769;c ma&#803;nh.</p></li></ul><p><strong>Ch&#226;&#769;t l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng</strong>: co&#769; hai khi&#769;a ca&#803;nh sau c&#226;&#768;n &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769;:</p><ul><li><p><em><strong>Ki&#771; thu&#226;&#803;t chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng</strong></em>: Ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p co&#769; th&#234;&#777; th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng theo &#273;u&#769;ng quy &#273;i&#803;nh thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u cu&#777;a cu&#244;&#803;c thi.</p><ul><li><p>Vi&#769; du&#803;: v&#417;&#769;i Walking Lunge, &#273;o&#769; la&#768; g&#244;&#769;i cha&#803;m sa&#768;n, du&#244;&#771;i th&#259;&#777;ng g&#244;&#769;i va&#768; h&#244;ng khi &#273;&#432;&#769;ng l&#234;n. Hay v&#417;&#769;i Wall Ball, ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p pha&#777;i Squat &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c xu&#244;&#769;ng &#273;u&#777; s&#226;u (H&#244;ng d&#432;&#417;&#769;i g&#244;&#769;i).</p></li></ul></li><li><p><em><strong>Hi&#234;&#803;u su&#226;&#769;t chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng</strong></em>: Li&#234;&#803;u ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p &#273;a&#771; t&#244;&#769;i &#432;u l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng s&#432;&#769;c da&#768;nh cho th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng, hay &#273;ang la&#771;ng phi&#769; s&#432;&#769;c va&#768;o nh&#432;&#771;ng &#273;&#244;&#803;ng ta&#769;c th&#432;&#768;a?</p><ul><li><p>M&#244;&#803;t &#8216;l&#244;&#771;i&#8217; ma&#768; nhi&#234;&#768;u ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p m&#259;&#769;c pha&#777;i la&#768; &#8216;<em>overbrace</em>&#8217; - g&#244;&#768;ng va&#768; ne&#769;n h&#417;i tha&#769;i qua&#769; khi th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng, nh&#226;&#769;t la&#768; v&#417;&#769;i m&#432;&#769;c ta&#803; d&#432;&#417;&#769;i ng&#432;&#417;&#771;ng t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a (c&#244;&#769; g&#259;&#769;ng g&#244;&#768;ng va&#768; ne&#769;n h&#417;i khi th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng cu&#771;ng co&#769; th&#234;&#777; coi la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t d&#226;&#769;u hi&#234;&#803;u cu&#777;a thi&#234;&#769;u hu&#803;t v&#234;&#768; s&#432;&#769;c ma&#803;nh, khi m&#432;&#769;c ta&#803; ca&#768;ng g&#226;&#768;n v&#417;&#769;i 1RM, c&#417; th&#234;&#777; se&#771; c&#226;&#768;n ta&#803;o a&#769;p su&#226;&#769;t b&#234;n trong l&#417;&#769;n h&#417;n &#273;&#234;&#777; gi&#432;&#771; &#244;&#777;n &#273;i&#803;nh va&#768; hoa&#768;n tha&#768;nh chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng, &#273;o&#768;i ho&#777;i ba&#803;n pha&#777;i ni&#769;n th&#417;&#777;, va&#768; sau &#273;o&#769; pha&#777;i th&#417;&#777; d&#244;&#769;c h&#417;n &#273;&#234;&#777; bu&#768; Oxy).</p></li><li><p>M&#244;&#803;t &#8216;l&#244;&#771;i&#8217; ph&#244;&#777; bi&#234;&#769;n kha&#769;c la&#768; ba&#769;m sa&#769;t t&#432; duy &#8216;c&#244; l&#226;&#803;p&#8217; va&#768; ca&#777;m nh&#226;&#803;n c&#417; t&#432;&#768; t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n cho Th&#234;&#777; Hi&#768;nh. L&#226;&#769;y la&#803;i vi&#769; du&#803; &#417;&#777; tr&#234;n:</p><ul><li><p>Khi th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n Walking Lunge kh&#244;ng chi&#777; ch&#226;n tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c hoa&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803;ng ma&#768; ca&#777; ch&#226;n sau &#273;o&#769;ng go&#769;p th&#234;m l&#432;&#803;c, b&#259;&#768;ng vi&#234;&#803;c tr&#432;&#803;c ti&#234;&#769;p &#273;o&#769;ng go&#769;p l&#432;&#803;c trong qua&#771;ng &#273;&#226;&#768;u &#273;i l&#234;n, hay gia&#769;n ti&#234;&#769;p b&#259;&#768;ng ca&#769;ch  &#8216;n&#226;&#777;y g&#244;&#769;i&#8217; tr&#234;n m&#259;&#803;t &#273;&#226;&#769;t (m&#244;&#803;t ky&#771; thu&#226;&#803;t &#273;o&#768;i ho&#777;i luy&#234;&#803;n t&#226;&#803;p, li&#769; t&#432;&#417;&#777;ng la&#768; chu&#777; y&#234;&#769;u khi co&#769; &#273;eo bo&#769; g&#244;&#769;i &#273;&#234;&#777; ha&#803;n ch&#234;&#769; va cha&#803;m trong qua&#769; tri&#768;nh chu&#226;&#777;n bi&#803;).</p></li><li><p>T&#432;&#417;ng t&#432;&#803;, khi th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n Wall Ball, thay vi&#768; &#273;&#417;&#771; bo&#769;ng va&#768; xu&#244;&#769;ng t&#432;&#768; t&#432;&#768; r&#244;&#768;i chi&#777; du&#768;ng Th&#226;n tr&#234;n &#273;&#226;&#777;y bo&#769;ng l&#234;n, c&#244;ng &#273;oa&#803;n b&#259;&#769;t bo&#769;ng - &#273;i xu&#244;&#769;ng - n&#226;&#777;y l&#234;n - pho&#769;ng bo&#769;ng l&#234;n n&#234;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n tr&#417;n tru nh&#432; m&#244;&#803;t chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng li&#234;&#768;n ma&#803;ch va&#768; nhanh cho&#769;ng.</p></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><h1>L&#244;&#803; tri&#768;nh ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n &#8216;s&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p&#8217;</h1><p>Kha&#769;c v&#417;&#769;i nh&#432;&#771;ng hi&#768;nh a&#777;nh th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng g&#259;&#803;p - nh&#432;&#771;ng &#8216;workout&#8217; ng&#226;&#771;u h&#432;&#769;ng, v&#244; &#273;i&#803;nh - trong ca&#769;c n&#244;&#803;i dung tr&#234;n ma&#803;ng xa&#771; h&#244;&#803;i v&#234;&#768; &#8220;t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n Hyrox&#8221;, t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n &#273;&#234;&#777; &#273;&#234;&#777; n&#226;ng cao tha&#768;nh ti&#769;ch trong thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u &#273;o&#768;i ho&#777;i t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n co&#769; k&#234;&#769; hoa&#803;ch, v&#417;&#769;i tro&#803;ng t&#226;m cu&#803; th&#234;&#777;.</p><p>Ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n s&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p &#417;&#777; ca&#769;c chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng cu&#803; th&#234;&#777; &#273;&#234;&#777; chu&#226;&#777;n bi&#803; cho m&#244;&#803;t mu&#768;a gia&#777;i thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng se&#771; di&#234;&#771;n ra trong 3 giai &#273;oa&#803;n (<em>phase</em>):</p><p><strong>X&#226;y n&#234;&#768;n (</strong><em><strong>Base phase</strong></em><strong>)</strong>: th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng di&#234;&#771;n ra trong khoa&#777;ng th&#417;&#768;i gian &#8216;<em>off-season&#8217; </em>(ngoa&#768;i mu&#768;a gia&#777;i thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u), giai &#273;oa&#803;n na&#768;y t&#226;&#803;p trung va&#768;o n&#226;ng cao ca&#769;c khi&#769;a ca&#803;nh th&#234;&#777; ch&#226;&#769;t se&#771; s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng trong thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u. &#272;&#226;y cu&#771;ng la&#768; giai &#273;oa&#803;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng &#273;&#234;&#777; <strong>ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n ca&#769;c &#273;i&#234;&#777;m y&#234;&#769;u </strong>(vi&#768; th&#234;&#769; co&#768;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c go&#803;i la&#768; &#8216;<em>Limiter phase</em>&#8217;). Vi&#769; du&#803;, khi luy&#234;&#803;n t&#226;&#803;p Walking Lunge, chi&#777; th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng na&#768;y m&#244;&#803;t ca&#769;ch &#273;&#244;&#803;c l&#226;&#803;p, kh&#244;ng pha tr&#244;&#803;n th&#234;m b&#226;&#769;t c&#432;&#769; ca&#769;c hoa&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803;ng kha&#769;c (nh&#432; trong m&#244;&#803;t workout).</p><ul><li><p>Tu&#768;y va&#768;o &#273;i&#234;&#777;m &#8216;nghe&#771;n&#8217; cu&#803; th&#234;&#777;, ch&#432;&#417;ng tri&#768;nh t&#226;&#803;p co&#769; th&#234;&#777; bao g&#244;&#768;m ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n <em>s&#432;&#769;c ma&#803;nh t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a </em>(vd: t&#226;&#803;p Walking Lunge n&#259;&#803;ng, hay Reverse Lunge va&#768; Split Squat, cu&#771;ng nh&#432; ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n s&#432;&#769;c ma&#803;nh Th&#226;n d&#432;&#417;&#769;i no&#769;i chung), va&#768; ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n cu&#803; th&#234;&#777; <em>hi&#234;&#803;u su&#226;&#769;t chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng va&#768; s&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n</em> v&#417;&#769;i Walking Lunge (t&#226;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i m&#432;&#769;c ta&#803; b&#259;&#768;ng/n&#259;&#803;ng h&#417;n thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u, t&#259;ng ti&#234;&#769;n d&#226;&#768;n kh&#244;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng l&#234;n b&#259;&#768;ng/l&#417;&#769;n h&#417;n thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u, t&#432;&#768; m&#226;&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803; gia&#771;n h&#417;n (nghi&#777; da&#768;i h&#417;n gi&#432;&#771;a ca&#769;c Sets) &#273;&#234;&#769;n da&#768;y h&#417;n (nghi&#777; ng&#259;&#769;n h&#417;n gi&#432;&#771;a ca&#769;c Sets), k&#234;&#769;t h&#417;&#803;p ca&#769;c ki&#771; thu&#226;&#803;t t&#259;ng c&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#244;&#803; nh&#432; Drop Set, EMOM, v.v.).</p></li><li><p>Trong giai &#273;oa&#803;n na&#768;y, v&#226;&#771;n se&#771; co&#769; nh&#432;&#771;ng bu&#244;&#777;i t&#226;&#803;p mang ti&#769;nh &#8216;vui ve&#777;&#8217;, ca&#769;c workout ph&#244;&#769;i h&#417;&#803;p nhi&#234;&#768;u hoa&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803;ng &#273;&#234;&#777; duy tri&#768; ca&#777;m gia&#769;c thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u, nh&#432;ng chu&#769;ng se&#771; chi&#234;&#769;m ti&#777; l&#234;&#803; nho&#777; so v&#417;&#769;i nh&#432;&#771;ng bu&#244;&#777;i t&#226;&#803;p c&#417; ba&#777;n nh&#432;ng quan tro&#803;ng h&#417;n.</p></li></ul><p><strong>Ti&#769;ch h&#417;&#803;p (</strong><em><strong>Integrated phase</strong></em><strong>)</strong>: giai &#273;oa&#803;n na&#768;y b&#259;&#769;t &#273;&#226;&#768;u k&#234;&#769;t h&#417;&#803;p chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng mu&#244;&#769;n ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n v&#417;&#769;i tra&#803;ng tha&#769;i m&#234;&#803;t mo&#777;i ta&#803;o ra b&#417;&#777;i m&#244;&#803;t ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p kha&#769;c </p><ul><li><p>Vi&#769; du&#803;: Lunge &#8594; Cha&#803;y b&#244;&#803;/Ski/Row.</p></li></ul><ul><li><p>Ca&#769;c workout &#273;a hoa&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803;ng se&#771; xu&#226;&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng xuy&#234;n h&#417;n, nh&#432;ng v&#226;&#771;n co&#769; nh&#432;&#771;ng <strong>gi&#417;&#769;i ha&#803;n v&#234;&#768; c&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#244;&#803; </strong>&#273;&#234;&#777; &#273;a&#777;m ba&#777;o ch&#226;&#769;t l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng. Giai &#273;oa&#803;n na&#768;y se&#771; t&#432;&#768; t&#432;&#768; t&#259;ng d&#226;&#768;n kh&#244;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng trong ~8-12 tu&#226;&#768;n, tu&#768;y va&#768;o khung th&#417;&#768;i gian chu&#226;&#777;n bi&#803; thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u cu&#777;a ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p.</p></li></ul><p><strong>Go&#803;t &#273;i&#777;nh (</strong><em><strong>Peak phase</strong></em><strong>)</strong>: &#273;&#226;y la&#768; th&#417;&#768;i &#273;i&#234;&#777;m tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c th&#234;&#768;m cu&#244;&#803;c thi (ca&#769;ch khoa&#777;ng 4-6 tu&#226;&#768;n), trong &#273;o&#769; ca&#769;c y&#234;&#769;u t&#244;&#769; se&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c k&#234;&#769;t h&#417;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i nhau &#273;&#234;&#777; m&#244; pho&#777;ng c&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#244;&#803; thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u. </p><ul><li><p>&#272;&#226;y m&#417;&#769;i la&#768; th&#417;&#768;i &#273;i&#234;&#777;m ca&#769;c &#8216;workout&#8217; th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng xu&#226;&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n tr&#234;n ma&#803;ng xa&#771; h&#244;&#803;i &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; nh&#226;&#769;t. </p></li><li><p>Chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng &#273;ang &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c t&#226;&#803;p trung ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n se&#771; xu&#226;&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n trong ca&#769;c bu&#244;&#777;i t&#226;&#803;p hi&#234;&#769;u khi&#769; da&#768;i (th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c go&#803;i la&#768; &#8216;<em>engine builder</em>&#8217;, ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n s&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n chuy&#234;n bi&#234;&#803;t v&#417;&#769;i thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u), hay ng&#259;&#769;t qua&#771;ng ng&#259;&#769;n h&#417;n nh&#432;ng v&#417;&#769;i c&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#244;&#803; cao h&#417;n (&#273;&#234;&#777; t&#244;&#769;i &#432;u t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; va&#768; hi&#234;&#803;u su&#226;&#769;t chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng). </p></li><li><p>Sau &#273;&#226;y la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; bu&#244;&#777;i t&#226;&#803;p minh ho&#803;a, ti&#234;&#769;p tu&#803;c vi&#769; du&#803; v&#234;&#768; Walking Lunge:</p></li></ul><blockquote><p><em>Engine builder:</em> <em><strong>6-8 Rounds: 1000m Row &#8594; 40m Walking Lunge &#8594;  1000m Cha&#803;y &#8594; 40m Burpee Broad Jump.</strong></em></p><ul><li><p><em>Nh&#259;&#769;m t&#417;&#769;i pace co&#769; th&#234;&#777; duy tri&#768; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c trong thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u, thay vi&#768; c&#244;&#769; h&#234;&#769;t s&#432;&#769;c.</em></p></li></ul><ul><li><p><em>Gia&#777;m c&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#244;&#803;: th&#234;m qua&#771;ng nghi&#777; 60s gi&#432;&#771;a ca&#769;c hi&#234;&#803;p. T&#259;ng c&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#244;&#803;: th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n li&#234;n tu&#803;c (nghi&#777; tu&#768;y theo nhu c&#226;&#768;u) va&#768; ti&#769;nh tha&#768;nh ti&#769;ch theo th&#417;&#768;i gian hoa&#768;n tha&#768;nh workout.</em></p></li></ul></blockquote><blockquote><p><em>Intensity Interval</em>: <em><strong>3-4 Rounds (4 phu&#769;t t&#226;&#803;p, 1 phu&#769;t nghi&#777;): 400m Ski &#8594; 15 Burpee to plate &#8594; Max Walking Lunge (th&#417;&#768;i gian co&#768;n la&#803;i)</strong></em></p><ul><li><p><em>Mu&#803;c ti&#234;u la&#768; <mark data-color="#ffff00" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">c&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#244;&#803;</mark> (&#273;a&#803;t nhi&#803;p tim r&#226;&#769;t cao), thay vi&#768; kh&#244;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng hay m&#234;&#803;t mo&#777;i. Nh&#259;&#769;m &#273;&#234;&#769;n da&#768;nh t&#244;&#777;ng c&#244;&#803;ng 3-5 phu&#769;t &#417;&#777; khoa&#777;ng nhi&#803;p tim cao</em></p></li><li><p><em>Nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p tri&#768;nh &#273;&#244;&#803; th&#226;&#769;p co&#769; th&#234;&#777; chi&#777; c&#226;&#768;n 2 Rounds, trong khi nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p tri&#768;nh &#273;&#244;&#803; cao h&#417;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; c&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n ca&#769;c hi&#234;&#803;p sau cu&#768;ng &#273;&#234;&#777; &#273;a&#803;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c nhi&#803;p tim na&#768;y.</em></p></li><li><p><em>D&#431;&#768;NG bu&#244;&#777;i t&#226;&#803;p khi gia&#777;m c&#244;ng su&#226;&#769;t.</em></p></li></ul></blockquote><div><hr></div><p>T&#244;&#777;ng k&#234;&#769;t loa&#803;i, toa&#768;n b&#244;&#803; qua&#769; tri&#768;nh ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n &#8216;s&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p&#8217; xoay quanh ca&#769;c b&#432;&#417;&#769;c sau:</p><div class="pullquote"><p><em><strong>Xa&#769;c &#273;i&#803;nh &#273;i&#234;&#777;m &#8216;nghe&#771;n&#8217; &#8594; Ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n c&#244; l&#226;&#803;p &#8216;&#273;i&#234;&#777;m nghe&#771;n&#8217; &#8594; Ti&#769;ch h&#417;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i m&#234;&#803;t mo&#777;i </strong></em></p><p><em><strong>&#8594; Ghe&#769;p va&#768;o b&#244;&#769;i ca&#777;nh thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u.</strong></em></p></div><p>Ca&#769;ch s&#259;&#769;p x&#234;&#769;p ca&#769;c giai &#273;oa&#803;n nh&#432; tr&#234;n th&#432;&#803;c ch&#226;&#769;t gi&#244;&#769;ng v&#417;&#769;i m&#244; hi&#768;nh ph&#226;n giai &#273;oa&#803;n t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n &#8220;<em>Ti&#769;ch lu&#771;y - T&#259;ng C&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#244;&#803; - Go&#803;t &#273;i&#777;nh</em>&#8221; (<em>Accumulation - Intensification - Peaking</em>) quen thu&#244;&#803;c trong t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n cho s&#432;&#769;c ma&#803;nh, hay b&#226;&#769;t c&#432;&#769; khi&#769;a ca&#803;nh th&#234;&#777; ch&#226;&#769;t na&#768;o. Hi vo&#803;ng ba&#768;i vi&#234;&#769;t na&#768;y &#273;a&#771; giu&#769;p ba&#803;n hi&#768;nh dung &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ph&#432;&#417;ng h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n &#273;i&#234;&#768;u &#273;ang ni&#769;u ke&#769;o phong &#273;&#244;&#803; cu&#777;a mi&#768;nh.</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[[PHẦN 4] Giải thích về Đau (Dịch sách Explain Pain - Second Edition)]]></title><description><![CDATA[T&#225;c gi&#7843;: David Butler & Lorimer Moseley | Minh h&#7885;a: Sunyata]]></description><link>https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/phan-4-giai-thich-ve-au-dich-sach</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/phan-4-giai-thich-ve-au-dich-sach</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[The Thinking Trainer]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 09 Jun 2026 02:25:57 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cDGh!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72c4bfae-12d4-45ea-8f57-b88b8e9e4c5c_1078x718.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<h3>CH&#431;&#416;NG 3: C&#416; TH&#7874; B&#7882; T&#7892;N TH&#431;&#416;NG V&#192; SUY GI&#7842;M CH&#7912;C N&#258;NG (INTRODUCTION SECTION 3: THE DAMAGED AND DECONDITIONED BODY)</h3><p>Ch&#250;ng ta &#273;&#227; n&#243;i v&#7873; c&#417;n &#273;au nh&#432; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n c&#7911;a s&#7913;c m&#7841;nh sinh t&#7891;n kh&#244;ng th&#7875; ng&#259;n c&#7843;n b&#234;n trong c&#417; th&#7875; con ng&#432;&#7901;i, nh&#432;ng n&#243; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; ph&#7847;n duy nh&#7845;t. Tr&#234;n th&#7921;c t&#7871;, b&#7845;t c&#7913; khi n&#224;o b&#7841;n b&#7883; th&#432;&#417;ng, d&#249; ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t hao m&#242;n nh&#7887; h&#224;ng ng&#224;y, s&#7913;c m&#7841;nh t&#7921; ch&#7919;a l&#224;nh c&#7911;a c&#417; th&#7875; s&#7869; ngay l&#7853;p t&#7913;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t. &#272;&#244;i khi qu&#225; tr&#236;nh n&#224;y di&#7877;n ra r&#7845;t nhanh, v&#7899;i m&#7909;c &#273;&#237;ch l&#224; &#273;&#432;a c&#225;c m&#244; b&#7883; t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng tr&#7903; l&#7841;i tr&#7841;ng th&#225;i ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng c&#224;ng s&#7899;m c&#224;ng t&#7889;t. Ngay c&#7843; khi c&#243; nhi&#7873;u t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng c&#7847;n ch&#7919;a l&#224;nh, ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; g&#227;y x&#432;&#417;ng hay r&#225;ch g&#226;n, &#273;&#226;y v&#7851;n l&#224; m&#7897;t qu&#225; tr&#236;nh v&#244; c&#249;ng m&#7841;nh m&#7869; v&#224; &#273;&#225;ng tin c&#7853;y... tr&#7915; khi ch&#250;ng ta kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7875; cho c&#417; th&#7875; l&#224;m nh&#7919;ng vi&#7879;c n&#243; c&#7847;n l&#224;m. B&#7857;ng c&#225;ch hi&#7875;u v&#7873; ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng v&#224; qu&#225; tr&#236;nh ch&#7919;a l&#224;nh, b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; h&#7895; tr&#7907; c&#417; th&#7875; th&#244;ng qua vi&#7879;c ngh&#7881; ng&#417;i, v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng, &#259;n u&#7889;ng, d&#249;ng thu&#7889;c ho&#7863;c ph&#7851;u thu&#7853;t m&#7897;t c&#225;ch ph&#249; h&#7907;p. C&#417;n &#273;au th&#432;&#7901;ng l&#224; m&#7897;t kim ch&#7881; nam t&#7889;t cho nh&#7919;ng h&#224;nh vi ch&#7919;a l&#224;nh t&#7889;t nh&#7845;t &#8211; &#273;&#244;i khi vi&#7879;c ngh&#7881; ng&#417;i l&#224; c&#243; l&#7907;i, v&#224; &#273;&#244;i khi vi&#7879;c v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7841;i mang &#273;&#7871;n l&#7907;i &#237;ch l&#7899;n h&#417;n</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cDGh!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72c4bfae-12d4-45ea-8f57-b88b8e9e4c5c_1078x718.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cDGh!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72c4bfae-12d4-45ea-8f57-b88b8e9e4c5c_1078x718.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cDGh!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72c4bfae-12d4-45ea-8f57-b88b8e9e4c5c_1078x718.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cDGh!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72c4bfae-12d4-45ea-8f57-b88b8e9e4c5c_1078x718.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cDGh!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72c4bfae-12d4-45ea-8f57-b88b8e9e4c5c_1078x718.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cDGh!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72c4bfae-12d4-45ea-8f57-b88b8e9e4c5c_1078x718.png" width="429" height="285.734693877551" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cDGh!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72c4bfae-12d4-45ea-8f57-b88b8e9e4c5c_1078x718.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cDGh!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72c4bfae-12d4-45ea-8f57-b88b8e9e4c5c_1078x718.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cDGh!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72c4bfae-12d4-45ea-8f57-b88b8e9e4c5c_1078x718.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cDGh!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F72c4bfae-12d4-45ea-8f57-b88b8e9e4c5c_1078x718.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>B&#7845;t k&#7875; b&#7841;n b&#7883; t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng &#7903; lo&#7841;i m&#244; n&#224;o (t&#7915; ru&#7897;t, da, cho &#273;&#7871;n c&#417; b&#7855;p hay kh&#7899;p), m&#7897;t qu&#225; tr&#236;nh ch&#7919;a l&#224;nh t&#432;&#417;ng t&#7921; nhau s&#7869; di&#7877;n ra. C&#225;c m&#244; s&#7869; b&#7883; vi&#234;m, v&#224; trong giai &#273;o&#7841;n &#273;&#7847;u, &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y l&#224; m&#7897;t t&#237;n hi&#7879;u t&#7889;t v&#236; vi&#234;m s&#7869; mang c&#225;c t&#7871; b&#224;o mi&#7877;n d&#7883;ch v&#224; t&#7871; b&#224;o t&#225;i t&#7841;o c&#7911;a c&#417; th&#7875; &#273;&#7871;n khu v&#7921;c b&#7883; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng. M&#7897;t v&#7871;t s&#7865;o s&#7869; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c h&#236;nh th&#224;nh, sau &#273;&#243; m&#244; s&#7869; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#225;i c&#7845;u tr&#250;c &#273;&#7875; t&#7841;o ra m&#7897;t b&#7843;n sao ho&#224;n thi&#7879;n nh&#7845;t c&#243; th&#7875; so v&#7899;i ban &#273;&#7847;u. Hai y&#7871;u t&#7889; ch&#237;nh quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; ch&#7919;a l&#224;nh l&#224; ngu&#7891;n cung c&#7845;p m&#225;u v&#224; nhu c&#7847;u c&#7911;a m&#244;. C&#225;c m&#244; c&#243; ngu&#7891;n m&#225;u nu&#244;i d&#432;&#7905;ng k&#233;m h&#417;n, ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; d&#226;y ch&#7857;ng v&#224; c&#225;c &#273;&#297;a &#273;&#7879;m (LAFTs), s&#7869; m&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u th&#7901;i gian &#273;&#7875; ch&#7919;a l&#224;nh h&#417;n so v&#7899;i c&#225;c m&#244; c&#243; ngu&#7891;n m&#225;u d&#7891;i d&#224;o nh&#432; da v&#224; c&#417; b&#7855;p.</p><p>C&#417;n &#273;au n&#234;n gi&#7843;m d&#7847;n khi c&#225;c m&#244; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u l&#224;nh l&#7841;i; tr&#234;n th&#7921;c t&#7871;, n&#243; th&#432;&#7901;ng bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t t&#7915; tr&#432;&#7899;c khi qu&#225; tr&#236;nh ch&#7919;a l&#224;nh ho&#224;n t&#7845;t. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y kh&#244;ng c&#243; g&#236; &#273;&#225;ng ng&#7841;c nhi&#234;n v&#236; c&#417;n &#273;au xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n d&#7921;a tr&#234;n nhu c&#7847;u c&#7847;n b&#7843;o v&#7879; c&#225;c m&#244;, ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; th&#432;&#7899;c &#273;o v&#7873; t&#236;nh tr&#7841;ng th&#7921;c t&#7871; c&#7911;a m&#244;. Quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t l&#224;: t&#7845;t c&#7843; c&#225;c m&#244; &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; m&#7897;t kho&#7843;ng th&#7901;i gian ch&#7919;a l&#224;nh c&#243; th&#7875; d&#7921; &#273;o&#225;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c. M&#7897;t khi kho&#7843;ng th&#7901;i gian ch&#7919;a l&#224;nh n&#224;y &#273;&#227; tr&#244;i qua, ch&#250;ng s&#7869; kh&#244;ng c&#243; c&#417; h&#7897;i th&#7913; hai. H&#227;y ngh&#297; v&#7873; m&#7897;t v&#7871;t &#273;&#7913;t tr&#234;n da, ho&#7863;c nh&#236;n v&#224;o m&#7897;t v&#7871;t s&#7865;o c&#361; c&#7911;a b&#7841;n ngay l&#250;c n&#224;y &#8211; da v&#224; c&#225;c m&#244; b&#234;n d&#432;&#7899;i &#273;&#227; tr&#7843;i qua m&#7897;t qu&#225; tr&#236;nh ch&#7919;a l&#224;nh, ch&#250;ng kh&#244;ng th&#7875; l&#224;m l&#7841;i t&#7915; &#273;&#7847;u v&#224; l&#224;n da &#273;&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n linh ho&#7841;t nh&#432; tr&#432;&#7899;c, nh&#432;ng n&#243; &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7917;a ch&#7919;a xong</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!awkj!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f0d0379-088a-41fb-940a-c6814438007c_1424x720.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!awkj!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f0d0379-088a-41fb-940a-c6814438007c_1424x720.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!awkj!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f0d0379-088a-41fb-940a-c6814438007c_1424x720.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!awkj!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f0d0379-088a-41fb-940a-c6814438007c_1424x720.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!awkj!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f0d0379-088a-41fb-940a-c6814438007c_1424x720.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!awkj!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f0d0379-088a-41fb-940a-c6814438007c_1424x720.png" width="585" height="295.7865168539326" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!awkj!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f0d0379-088a-41fb-940a-c6814438007c_1424x720.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!awkj!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f0d0379-088a-41fb-940a-c6814438007c_1424x720.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!awkj!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f0d0379-088a-41fb-940a-c6814438007c_1424x720.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!awkj!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7f0d0379-088a-41fb-940a-c6814438007c_1424x720.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h3>AXIT V&#192; VI&#202;M TRONG C&#193;C M&#212; (ACID AND INFLAMMATION IN THE TISSUES)</h3><p><strong>Axit trong c&#225;c m&#244;:</strong> H&#7879; th&#7889;ng b&#225;o &#273;&#7897;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng v&#236; b&#7841;n m&#7885;i l&#250;c. Th&#244;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng, n&#243; ch&#7881; &#273;&#432;a ra nh&#7919;ng t&#237;n hi&#7879;u y&#234;u c&#7847;u b&#7841;n thay &#273;&#7893;i &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n, v&#237; d&#7909; nh&#432; khi b&#7841;n ng&#7891;i y&#234;n qu&#225; l&#226;u. V&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng l&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u c&#7921;c k&#7923; quan tr&#7885;ng &#273;&#7875; gi&#7919; cho h&#7879; th&#7889;ng c&#7911;a b&#7841;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&#7843; tr&#244;i v&#224; th&#244;ng tho&#225;ng. Vi&#7879;c thi&#7871;u v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng ho&#7863;c khi c&#417; th&#7875; g&#7863;p 1 &#225;p l&#7921;c v&#7853;t l&#253; &#273;&#232; l&#234;n ng&#432;&#7901;i v&#237; d&#7909; nh&#432; khi b&#7841;n ng&#7891;i tr&#234;n m&#7897;t h&#242;n &#273;&#225; (l&#224;m t&#259;ng &#225;p l&#7921;c l&#234;n m&#244;ng), s&#7869; d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n s&#7921; t&#237;ch t&#7909; c&#225;c s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m ph&#7909; c&#7911;a ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng t&#7871; b&#224;o (bao g&#7891;m c&#7843; axit) b&#234;n trong c&#417; b&#7855;p v&#224; kh&#7899;p c&#7911;a b&#7841;n. S&#7921; t&#237;ch t&#7909; axit trong c&#417; b&#7855;p v&#224; c&#225;c m&#244; m&#7873;m s&#7869; l&#224;m m&#7903; c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n axit, d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n vi&#7879;c g&#7917;i c&#225;c xung &#273;i&#7879;n ch&#7841;y d&#7885;c theo t&#7911;y s&#7889;ng v&#224; c&#243; th&#7875; l&#234;n t&#7899;i n&#227;o. N&#7871;u n&#227;o b&#7897; k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n r&#7857;ng c&#417; b&#7855;p c&#7911;a b&#7841;n &#273;ang g&#7863;p nguy hi&#7875;m (&#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y c&#243; v&#7867; h&#7907;p l&#253;) v&#224; b&#7841;n n&#234;n l&#224;m g&#236; &#273;&#243;, th&#236; n&#243; s&#7869; g&#226;y ra c&#7843;m gi&#225;c &#273;au</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0VzF!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02707871-f973-4c0e-aa2c-47336ba45255_944x780.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0VzF!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02707871-f973-4c0e-aa2c-47336ba45255_944x780.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0VzF!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02707871-f973-4c0e-aa2c-47336ba45255_944x780.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0VzF!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02707871-f973-4c0e-aa2c-47336ba45255_944x780.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0VzF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02707871-f973-4c0e-aa2c-47336ba45255_944x780.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0VzF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02707871-f973-4c0e-aa2c-47336ba45255_944x780.png" width="381" height="314.8093220338983" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0VzF!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02707871-f973-4c0e-aa2c-47336ba45255_944x780.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0VzF!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02707871-f973-4c0e-aa2c-47336ba45255_944x780.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0VzF!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02707871-f973-4c0e-aa2c-47336ba45255_944x780.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0VzF!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02707871-f973-4c0e-aa2c-47336ba45255_944x780.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Gi&#7843;i ph&#225;p &#7903; &#273;&#226;y l&#224; g&#236;? H&#227;y v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng. Ch&#7881; c&#7847;n di chuy&#7875;n l&#224; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c, b&#7845;t k&#7923; lo&#7841;i v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng n&#224;o. T&#7889;t nh&#7845;t l&#224; nh&#7919;ng chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng &#273;a d&#7841;ng v&#224; m&#7897;t v&#224;i &#273;&#7897;ng t&#225;c v&#432;&#417;n vai gi&#227;n c&#417;. Th&#7921;c t&#7871;, &#253; ngh&#297; v&#7873; &#8220;c&#225;c m&#244; b&#7883; nhi&#7877;m axit&#8221; n&#234;n l&#224; &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c &#273;&#7875; t&#7845;t c&#7843; ch&#250;ng ta &#273;&#7913;ng d&#7853;y v&#224; di chuy&#7875;n, v&#224; &#273;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&#225;p &#273;i&#7873;u tr&#7883; c&#7921;c k&#7923; r&#7867; ti&#7873;n &#8211; kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n d&#249;ng thu&#7889;c hay c&#225;c li&#7879;u ph&#225;p ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p.</p><p><strong>Vi&#234;m trong c&#225;c m&#244;:</strong> Trong y h&#7885;c, b&#7845;t c&#7913; t&#7915; n&#224;o c&#243; &#273;u&#244;i &#8220;-itis&#8221; (vi&#234;m) &#273;&#7873;u &#225;m ch&#7881; t&#236;nh tr&#7841;ng vi&#234;m (v&#237; d&#7909;: tonsillitis - vi&#234;m ami&#273;an; tendonitis - vi&#234;m g&#226;n). Vi&#234;m l&#224;m t&#259;ng &#273;&#7897; nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m v&#224; &#273;&#243; l&#224; m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u tuy&#7879;t v&#7901;i. Vi&#234;m l&#224; m&#7897;t h&#236;nh th&#7913;c ph&#242;ng v&#7879; nguy&#234;n th&#7911;y v&#224; r&#7845;t c&#7847;n thi&#7871;t cho qu&#225; tr&#236;nh s&#7917;a ch&#7919;a m&#244;. B&#7841;n h&#227;y coi v&#7871;t s&#432;ng, v&#7871;t &#273;&#7887; v&#224; c&#417;n &#273;au sau ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng nh&#432; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng s&#7917;a ch&#7919;a n&#7897;i b&#7897;, h&#227;y bi&#7871;t &#417;n v&#224; th&#7853;m ch&#237; t&#7921; h&#224;o v&#7873; n&#243;. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y th&#7921;c s&#7921; tuy&#7879;t v&#7901;i &#8211; h&#227;y t&#432;&#7903;ng t&#432;&#7907;ng n&#7871;u &#244; t&#244; c&#361;ng c&#243; th&#7875; t&#7921; s&#7917;a ch&#7919;a nh&#432; v&#7853;y, c&#7843;n tr&#432;&#7899;c b&#7883; s&#432;ng l&#234;n trong hai ng&#224;y v&#224; sau &#273;&#243; n&#243; t&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng l&#224;nh l&#7863;n l&#7841;i!.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!A-YS!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc7bece18-1a1d-42e1-8d02-16035aca8dc8_1506x720.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!A-YS!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc7bece18-1a1d-42e1-8d02-16035aca8dc8_1506x720.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!A-YS!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc7bece18-1a1d-42e1-8d02-16035aca8dc8_1506x720.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!A-YS!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc7bece18-1a1d-42e1-8d02-16035aca8dc8_1506x720.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!A-YS!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc7bece18-1a1d-42e1-8d02-16035aca8dc8_1506x720.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!A-YS!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc7bece18-1a1d-42e1-8d02-16035aca8dc8_1506x720.png" width="571" height="272.95054945054943" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c7bece18-1a1d-42e1-8d02-16035aca8dc8_1506x720.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:696,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:571,&quot;bytes&quot;:534978,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/201237706?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc7bece18-1a1d-42e1-8d02-16035aca8dc8_1506x720.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!A-YS!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc7bece18-1a1d-42e1-8d02-16035aca8dc8_1506x720.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!A-YS!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc7bece18-1a1d-42e1-8d02-16035aca8dc8_1506x720.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!A-YS!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc7bece18-1a1d-42e1-8d02-16035aca8dc8_1506x720.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!A-YS!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc7bece18-1a1d-42e1-8d02-16035aca8dc8_1506x720.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Khi c&#243; t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng, c&#225;c m&#7841;ch m&#225;u c&#243; th&#7875; b&#7883; h&#7887;ng v&#224; c&#225;c &#273;&#7847;u d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh nh&#7887; b&#7883; k&#233;o c&#259;ng. C&#225;c t&#7871; b&#224;o nh&#7887; gi&#7843;i ph&#243;ng histamine, l&#224;m cho m&#7841;ch m&#225;u ti&#7871;t ra huy&#7871;t t&#432;&#417;ng, t&#7915; &#273;&#243; g&#226;y s&#432;ng n&#7873; th&#234;m. Qu&#225; tr&#236;nh n&#224;y gi&#7843;i ph&#243;ng c&#225;c t&#7871; b&#224;o b&#7841;ch c&#7847;u v&#224; c&#225;c t&#7871; b&#224;o d&#7885;n d&#7865;p nh&#432; th&#7921;c b&#224;o (phagocytes) v&#224; &#273;&#7841;i th&#7921;c b&#224;o (macrophages) &#273;&#7875; d&#7885;n d&#7865;p &#273;&#7889;ng l&#7897;n x&#7897;n, ti&#234;u di&#7879;t vi khu&#7849;n n&#7871;u da b&#7883; x&#432;&#7899;c. C&#225;c d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh b&#7883; t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng c&#361;ng c&#243; th&#7875; ti&#7871;t ra c&#225;c h&#243;a ch&#7845;t h&#7895; tr&#7907; qu&#225; tr&#236;nh n&#224;y. T&#7845;t c&#7843; nh&#7919;ng th&#7913; n&#224;y k&#7871;t h&#7907;p l&#7841;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c g&#7885;i l&#224; &#8220;m&#243;n s&#250;p vi&#234;m&#8221; (inflammatory soup). S&#250;p vi&#234;m s&#7869; l&#224;m t&#259;ng &#273;&#7897; nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m c&#7911;a c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n nguy hi&#7875;m &#273;&#7875; b&#7843;o v&#7879; m&#244; b&#7883; th&#432;&#417;ng. C&#225;c lo&#7841;i thu&#7889;c ch&#7889;ng vi&#234;m th&#432;&#7901;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng b&#7857;ng c&#225;ch ng&#259;n ch&#7863;n vi&#7879;c s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t prostaglandin &#8211; nh&#7919;ng h&#243;a ch&#7845;t g&#226;y nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m ch&#237;nh trong qu&#225; tr&#236;nh vi&#234;m. Hi&#7879;n t&#432;&#7907;ng s&#432;ng t&#7845;y khi&#7871;n nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i lo l&#7855;ng th&#7921;c ch&#7845;t ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m ph&#7909; c&#7911;a nhu c&#7847;u &#273;&#432;a m&#225;u v&#224; c&#225;c h&#243;a ch&#7845;t ch&#7919;a l&#224;nh &#273;&#7871;n khu v&#7921;c b&#7883; t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng. (L&#432;u &#253;: Ch&#250;ng ta &#273;ang ch&#7911; y&#7871;u n&#243;i v&#7873; vi&#234;m c&#7845;p t&#237;nh, c&#242;n vi&#234;m m&#227;n t&#237;nh trong c&#225;c b&#7879;nh l&#253; nh&#432; vi&#234;m kh&#7899;p d&#7841;ng th&#7845;p l&#7841;i l&#224; m&#7897;t c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n kh&#225;c).</p><h3>VI&#202;M: M&#7896;T TI&#7870;NG CHU&#212;NG C&#7842;NH B&#193;O L&#7898;N H&#416;N CHO CH&#7844;N TH&#431;&#416;NG C&#7910;A B&#7840;N (INFLAMMATION: MORE DANGER BANG FOR YOUR INJURY BUCK)</h3><p>T&#236;nh tr&#7841;ng vi&#234;m &#273;i k&#232;m v&#7899;i m&#7885;i ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng &#7903; m&#244;, v&#224; n&#227;o b&#7897; g&#7847;n nh&#432; l&#250;c n&#224;o c&#361;ng s&#7869; quan t&#226;m &#273;&#7871;n n&#243;. Con ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#243; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng thu th&#7853;p v&#224; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u t&#237;n hi&#7879;u kh&#225;c nhau &#273;&#7875; gi&#250;p cho th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p b&#225;o nguy hi&#7875;m tr&#7903; n&#234;n c&#243; &#253; ngh&#297;a. H&#227;y l&#7845;y v&#237; d&#7909; v&#7873; m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#224;n &#244;ng gi&#7851;m ph&#7843;i m&#7897;t chi&#7871;c &#273;inh v&#224;o ch&#226;n. N&#227;o b&#7897; c&#7911;a anh ta s&#7869; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#237;nh to&#225;n v&#224; truy xu&#7845;t th&#244;ng tin v&#7873; nh&#7919;ng s&#7921; ki&#7879;n t&#432;&#417;ng t&#7921; trong qu&#225; kh&#7913; &#273;&#7875; x&#225;c &#273;&#7883;nh c&#225;ch ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng t&#7889;t nh&#7845;t, bao g&#7891;m ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng &#273;au, ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng, ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng giao c&#7843;m, mi&#7877;n d&#7883;ch v&#224; n&#7897;i ti&#7871;t.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DNhJ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8fcc3424-823c-4b64-a961-338fc6ea4e9d_1226x922.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DNhJ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8fcc3424-823c-4b64-a961-338fc6ea4e9d_1226x922.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DNhJ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8fcc3424-823c-4b64-a961-338fc6ea4e9d_1226x922.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DNhJ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8fcc3424-823c-4b64-a961-338fc6ea4e9d_1226x922.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DNhJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8fcc3424-823c-4b64-a961-338fc6ea4e9d_1226x922.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DNhJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8fcc3424-823c-4b64-a961-338fc6ea4e9d_1226x922.png" width="497" height="373.76345840130506" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/8fcc3424-823c-4b64-a961-338fc6ea4e9d_1226x922.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:922,&quot;width&quot;:1226,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:497,&quot;bytes&quot;:717616,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/201237706?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8fcc3424-823c-4b64-a961-338fc6ea4e9d_1226x922.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DNhJ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8fcc3424-823c-4b64-a961-338fc6ea4e9d_1226x922.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DNhJ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8fcc3424-823c-4b64-a961-338fc6ea4e9d_1226x922.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DNhJ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8fcc3424-823c-4b64-a961-338fc6ea4e9d_1226x922.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DNhJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8fcc3424-823c-4b64-a961-338fc6ea4e9d_1226x922.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>N&#227;o b&#7897; s&#7869; li&#234;n t&#7909;c &#273;&#7863;t ra c&#225;c ph&#233;p t&#237;nh: M&#236;nh c&#243; c&#7847;n ti&#234;m ph&#242;ng u&#7889;n v&#225;n kh&#244;ng? L&#7847;n cu&#7889;i ti&#234;m l&#224; khi n&#224;o? Li&#7879;u m&#236;nh c&#243; c&#7847;n r&#250;t c&#225;i &#273;inh ra k&#7867;o ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#225;c gi&#7851;m ph&#7843;i kh&#244;ng? L&#225;t n&#7919;a tr&#244;ng m&#236;nh s&#7869; ng&#7889;c ngh&#7871;ch ra sao? M&#225;u ch&#7843;y c&#243; b&#7849;n kh&#244;ng? &#272;&#7897;ng m&#7841;ch c&#243; b&#7883; &#273;&#7913;t kh&#244;ng? S&#7921; nghi&#7879;p khi&#234;u v&#361; c&#7911;a m&#236;nh c&#243; ti&#234;u tan kh&#244;ng? M&#236;nh c&#243; ph&#7843;i d&#249;ng n&#7841;ng hay nh&#7853;p vi&#7879;n kh&#244;ng? M&#236;nh c&#243; th&#7875; y&#234;u c&#7847;u b&#7891;i th&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;ng?. &#272;i&#7873;u &#273;&#225;ng kinh ng&#7841;c l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#224;n &#244;ng n&#224;y s&#7869; kh&#244;ng h&#7873; bi&#7871;t r&#7857;ng T&#7844;T C&#7842; nh&#7919;ng suy ngh&#297; v&#224; y&#7871;u t&#7889; &#273;&#243; &#273;&#7873;u &#273;ang &#273;&#243;ng g&#243;p v&#224;o c&#417;n &#273;au c&#7911;a anh ta. Anh ta ch&#7881; bi&#7871;t duy nh&#7845;t m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u: R&#7857;ng n&#243; r&#7845;t &#273;au!.</p><h3>S&#7920; TH&#7852;T V&#7872; C&#416; B&#7854;P (THE TRUTH ABOUT MUSCLES)</h3><p>C&#417; b&#7855;p th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&#234;n b&#7883; &#273;&#7893; l&#7895;i cho c&#225;c c&#417;n &#273;au. D&#432;&#7899;i &#273;&#226;y l&#224; 6 &#273;i&#7875;m ch&#237;nh gi&#250;p b&#7841;n c&#243; c&#225;i nh&#236;n &#273;&#250;ng &#273;&#7855;n h&#417;n v&#7873; &#273;au c&#417;:</p><ol><li><p>C&#417; b&#7855;p ch&#7913;a r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n, v&#236; v&#7853;y ch&#250;ng d&#7877; d&#224;ng tr&#7903; th&#224;nh m&#7897;t t&#225;c nh&#226;n &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875; trong tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m &#273;au.</p></li><li><p>C&#417; b&#7855;p c&#243; th&#7875; tr&#7903; n&#234;n y&#7871;u &#7899;t v&#224; thi&#7871;u l&#224;nh m&#7841;nh, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t l&#224; n&#7871;u ch&#250;ng &#237;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng ho&#7863;c b&#7883; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng sai c&#225;ch.</p></li><li><p>C&#417; b&#7855;p th&#7921;c s&#7921; R&#7844;T KH&#211; b&#7883; t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng n&#7863;ng. Ch&#250;ng c&#243; th&#7875; b&#7883; b&#7847;m t&#237;m m&#7897;t ch&#250;t, ho&#7863;c c&#243; nh&#7919;ng v&#7871;t r&#225;ch vi th&#7875; (microtears) &#7903; m&#224;ng s&#7907;i c&#417;, nh&#432;ng r&#7845;t kh&#243; &#273;&#7875; g&#226;y &#273;&#7913;t/r&#225;ch c&#417; nghi&#234;m tr&#7885;ng. C&#417;n &#273;au nh&#7913;c c&#417; b&#7855;p kh&#7903;i ph&#225;t mu&#7897;n (DOMS - th&#432;&#7901;ng xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n 8 gi&#7901; sau khi t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n v&#224; k&#233;o d&#224;i v&#224;i ng&#224;y) th&#432;&#7901;ng x&#7843;y ra sau c&#225;c b&#224;i t&#7853;p ly t&#226;m (eccentric) khi c&#417; b&#7855;p co l&#7841;i trong l&#250;c &#273;ang k&#233;o d&#224;i ra. Nh&#236;n chung, c&#417; b&#7855;p r&#7845;t &#273;&#224;n h&#7891;i v&#224; ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng linh ho&#7841;t.</p></li><li><p>C&#417; b&#7855;p c&#243; ngu&#7891;n cung c&#7845;p m&#225;u tuy&#7879;t v&#7901;i, n&#234;n khi b&#7883; th&#432;&#417;ng, ch&#250;ng l&#224; nh&#7919;ng &#8220;nh&#224; v&#244; &#273;&#7883;ch&#8221; trong vi&#7879;c t&#7921; ch&#7919;a l&#224;nh. Gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; khi b&#7841;n c&#7855;n ph&#7843;i l&#432;&#7905;i, n&#243; c&#7921;c k&#7923; &#273;au nh&#432;ng l&#7841;i l&#224;nh r&#7845;t nhanh v&#236; l&#432;&#7905;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c l&#224;m t&#7915; c&#417; b&#7855;p.</p></li><li><p>S&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i trong ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng c&#7911;a c&#417; b&#7855;p l&#224; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n trong ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng c&#7911;a b&#7841;n &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng v&#224; m&#7889;i &#273;e d&#7885;a.</p></li><li><p>H&#7847;u h&#7871;t c&#225;c ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng c&#7911;a c&#417; b&#7855;p &#273;&#7873;u nh&#7857;m m&#7909;c &#273;&#237;ch gi&#250;p b&#7841;n hi&#7875;u v&#7873; th&#7871; gi&#7899;i v&#224; c&#225;ch t&#432;&#417;ng t&#225;c v&#7899;i n&#243;. Theo c&#225;ch n&#224;y, c&#417; b&#7855;p l&#224; nh&#7919;ng &#244; c&#7917;a s&#7893; ph&#7843;n chi&#7871;u l&#7841;i n&#227;o b&#7897;. C&#259;ng c&#417;, &#273;i kh&#7853;p khi&#7877;ng hay t&#432; th&#7871; b&#7843;o v&#7879; &#273;&#7873;u l&#224; nh&#7919;ng qu&#225; tr&#236;nh ph&#242;ng v&#7879; m&#7841;nh m&#7869; do n&#227;o b&#7897; t&#7841;o ra</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pEdy!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F10c9729f-3050-4855-a224-c98d276fd12c_786x1116.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pEdy!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F10c9729f-3050-4855-a224-c98d276fd12c_786x1116.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pEdy!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F10c9729f-3050-4855-a224-c98d276fd12c_786x1116.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pEdy!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F10c9729f-3050-4855-a224-c98d276fd12c_786x1116.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pEdy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F10c9729f-3050-4855-a224-c98d276fd12c_786x1116.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pEdy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F10c9729f-3050-4855-a224-c98d276fd12c_786x1116.png" width="358" height="508.30534351145036" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/10c9729f-3050-4855-a224-c98d276fd12c_786x1116.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1116,&quot;width&quot;:786,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:358,&quot;bytes&quot;:559196,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/201237706?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F10c9729f-3050-4855-a224-c98d276fd12c_786x1116.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pEdy!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F10c9729f-3050-4855-a224-c98d276fd12c_786x1116.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pEdy!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F10c9729f-3050-4855-a224-c98d276fd12c_786x1116.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pEdy!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F10c9729f-3050-4855-a224-c98d276fd12c_786x1116.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pEdy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F10c9729f-3050-4855-a224-c98d276fd12c_786x1116.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div></li></ol><h3>T&#204;M HI&#7874;U V&#7872; C&#193;C LAFT - TR&#431;&#7898;C &#272;&#194;Y G&#7884;I L&#192; &#272;&#296;A &#272;&#7878;M (GET TO KNOW YOUR LAFTS)</h3><p>&#8220;&#272;&#297;a &#273;&#7879;m&#8221; (Disc) l&#224; m&#7897;t c&#225;i t&#234;n kh&#225; t&#7891;i t&#7879; d&#224;nh cho c&#225;c c&#7845;u tr&#250;c &#273;&#225;ng kinh ng&#7841;c k&#7871;t n&#7889;i c&#225;c &#273;&#7889;t s&#7889;ng. &#7902; b&#7845;t k&#7923; giai &#273;o&#7841;n n&#224;o c&#7911;a cu&#7897;c &#273;&#7901;i, ch&#250;ng kh&#244;ng h&#7873; gi&#7889;ng m&#7897;t c&#225;i &#273;&#297;a hay m&#7897;t chi&#7871;c &#273;&#297;a n&#233;m (frisbees). Ch&#250;ng t&#244;i &#273;&#7873; xu&#7845;t n&#234;n g&#7885;i ch&#250;ng l&#224; &#8220;B&#7897; chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i l&#7921;c th&#237;ch &#7913;ng s&#7889;ng&#8221; (Living Adaptable Force Transducers - g&#7885;i t&#7855;t l&#224; LAFT). LAFT &#273;&#432;&#7907;c g&#7855;n ch&#7863;t v&#7899;i c&#225;c &#273;&#7889;t s&#7889;ng l&#226;n c&#7853;n v&#224; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#7845;u t&#7841;o t&#7915; c&#249;ng m&#7897;t v&#7853;t li&#7879;u v&#7899;i s&#7909;n tai c&#7911;a b&#7841;n, c&#7897;ng th&#234;m m&#7897;t l&#7899;p d&#226;y ch&#7857;ng si&#234;u ch&#7855;c kh&#7887;e (gi&#7889;ng h&#7879;t nh&#432; d&#226;y ch&#7857;ng &#7903; m&#7855;t c&#225; ch&#226;n)</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aNQ3!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F92c26ca9-7a19-4180-8a07-1d35cdf48135_1102x834.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aNQ3!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F92c26ca9-7a19-4180-8a07-1d35cdf48135_1102x834.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aNQ3!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F92c26ca9-7a19-4180-8a07-1d35cdf48135_1102x834.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aNQ3!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F92c26ca9-7a19-4180-8a07-1d35cdf48135_1102x834.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aNQ3!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F92c26ca9-7a19-4180-8a07-1d35cdf48135_1102x834.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aNQ3!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F92c26ca9-7a19-4180-8a07-1d35cdf48135_1102x834.png" width="408" height="308.7767695099819" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/92c26ca9-7a19-4180-8a07-1d35cdf48135_1102x834.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:834,&quot;width&quot;:1102,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:408,&quot;bytes&quot;:392425,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/201237706?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F92c26ca9-7a19-4180-8a07-1d35cdf48135_1102x834.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aNQ3!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F92c26ca9-7a19-4180-8a07-1d35cdf48135_1102x834.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aNQ3!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F92c26ca9-7a19-4180-8a07-1d35cdf48135_1102x834.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aNQ3!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F92c26ca9-7a19-4180-8a07-1d35cdf48135_1102x834.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!aNQ3!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F92c26ca9-7a19-4180-8a07-1d35cdf48135_1102x834.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Ng&#224;y nay c&#243; r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&#225;p &#273;i&#7873;u tr&#7883; nh&#7855;m v&#224;o LAFT (&#273;&#297;a &#273;&#7879;m): t&#7915; n&#7855;n ch&#7881;nh, ph&#7851;u thu&#7853;t c&#7855;t b&#7887;, ti&#234;m ch&#237;ch, cho &#273;&#7871;n d&#249;ng nhi&#7879;t &#273;&#7889;t. Tuy nhi&#234;n, ch&#432;a c&#243; ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&#225;p n&#224;o mang l&#7841;i th&#224;nh c&#244;ng v&#432;&#7907;t tr&#7897;i cho ch&#7913;ng &#273;au l&#432;ng. C&#225;c ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng LAFT th&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7883; g&#225;n cho nh&#7919;ng t&#237;nh t&#7915; nghe r&#7845;t &#273;&#225;ng s&#7907; nh&#432; &#8220;v&#7905;&#8221;, &#8220;v&#7909;n n&#225;t&#8221;, &#8220;tho&#225;i h&#243;a&#8221;, &#8220;tho&#225;t v&#7883;&#8221; hay &#8220;tr&#432;&#7907;t&#8221;. Ch&#7881; ri&#234;ng nh&#7919;ng t&#7915; ng&#7919; n&#224;y th&#244;i c&#361;ng &#273;&#7911; s&#7913;c khi&#7871;n b&#7841;n ng&#7915;ng di chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#250;ng c&#225;ch.</p><p><strong>S&#7921; th&#7853;t v&#7873; LAFT (&#272;&#297;a &#273;&#7879;m):</strong></p><ol><li><p>C&#225;c l&#7899;p v&#7887; ngo&#224;i c&#7911;a LAFT c&#243; ngu&#7891;n cung c&#7845;p th&#7847;n kinh, v&#236; v&#7853;y c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n nguy hi&#7875;m c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t n&#7871;u c&#225;c l&#7899;p &#273;&#243; g&#7863;p nguy hi&#7875;m. Tuy nhi&#234;n, m&#7841;ng l&#432;&#7899;i th&#7847;n kinh n&#224;y kh&#244;ng phong ph&#250; b&#7857;ng c&#225;c d&#226;y ch&#7857;ng v&#224; x&#432;&#417;ng xung quanh.</p></li><li><p>M&#7897;t LAFT b&#7883; t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng kh&#244;ng nh&#7845;t thi&#7871;t ph&#7843;i g&#226;y &#273;au ngay l&#7853;p t&#7913;c. Khi LAFT d&#7847;n b&#7883; vi&#234;m, c&#417;n &#273;au c&#243; th&#7875; xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n t&#7915; 8 &#273;&#7871;n 12 gi&#7901; sau &#273;&#243;.</p></li><li><p>C&#225;c LAFT s&#7869; tho&#225;i h&#243;a m&#7897;t c&#225;ch t&#7921; nhi&#234;n theo tu&#7893;i t&#225;c gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; m&#7885;i lo&#7841;i m&#244; kh&#225;c. &#205;t nh&#7845;t 30% nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i KH&#212;NG H&#7872; B&#7882; &#272;AU L&#431;NG v&#7851;n c&#243; c&#225;c LAFT (&#273;&#297;a &#273;&#7879;m) ph&#236;nh/tho&#225;t v&#7883; v&#224;o trong &#7889;ng s&#7889;ng, &#273;&#244;i khi ph&#236;nh r&#7845;t to.</p></li><li><p>C&#225;c LAFT kh&#244;ng bao gi&#7901; b&#7883; &#8220;tr&#432;&#7907;t&#8221; ra ngo&#224;i. Ch&#250;ng ch&#7881; gi&#224; &#273;i, ph&#236;nh ra, &#273;&#244;i khi tho&#225;t v&#7883; v&#224; ch&#7881; th&#7881;nh tho&#7843;ng m&#7899;i ch&#232;n &#233;p v&#224;o d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh ho&#7863;c ti&#7871;t ra h&#243;a ch&#7845;t g&#226;y k&#237;ch &#7913;ng. Lo&#7841;i ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng LAFT ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n nh&#7845;t th&#7921;c ch&#7845;t ch&#7881; l&#224; bong g&#226;n/c&#259;ng d&#226;y ch&#7857;ng bao quanh n&#243; &#8211; gi&#7889;ng h&#7879;t nh&#432; bong g&#226;n m&#7855;t c&#225; ch&#226;n.</p></li><li><p>C&#225;c LAFT l&#224;nh l&#7841;i kh&#225; ch&#7853;m v&#224; lu&#244;n c&#243; m&#7897;t ch&#250;t &#8220;s&#7913;t s&#7865;o&#8221; &#7903; r&#236;a. Nh&#7919;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i do tu&#7893;i t&#225;c &#273;&#244;i khi kh&#244;ng th&#7875; ph&#226;n bi&#7879;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i do ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng.</p></li><li><p>LAFT, c&#225;c kh&#7899;p c&#7897;t s&#7889;ng v&#224; d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh KH&#212;NG PH&#7842;I l&#224; nh&#7919;ng c&#7845;u tr&#250;c m&#7887;ng manh y&#7871;u &#7899;t. H&#227;y nh&#236;n c&#225;c v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng vi&#234;n th&#7875; thao v&#224; t&#432;&#7903;ng t&#432;&#7907;ng nh&#7919;ng l&#7921;c kh&#7893;ng l&#7891; &#273;ang t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng l&#234;n c&#225;c c&#7845;u tr&#250;c n&#224;y</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cMXr!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F536b41eb-a5d7-4e95-b076-16e7d58bd693_1304x622.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cMXr!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F536b41eb-a5d7-4e95-b076-16e7d58bd693_1304x622.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cMXr!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F536b41eb-a5d7-4e95-b076-16e7d58bd693_1304x622.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cMXr!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F536b41eb-a5d7-4e95-b076-16e7d58bd693_1304x622.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cMXr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F536b41eb-a5d7-4e95-b076-16e7d58bd693_1304x622.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cMXr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F536b41eb-a5d7-4e95-b076-16e7d58bd693_1304x622.png" width="503" height="239.92791411042944" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/536b41eb-a5d7-4e95-b076-16e7d58bd693_1304x622.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:622,&quot;width&quot;:1304,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:503,&quot;bytes&quot;:625796,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/201237706?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F536b41eb-a5d7-4e95-b076-16e7d58bd693_1304x622.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cMXr!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F536b41eb-a5d7-4e95-b076-16e7d58bd693_1304x622.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cMXr!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F536b41eb-a5d7-4e95-b076-16e7d58bd693_1304x622.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cMXr!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F536b41eb-a5d7-4e95-b076-16e7d58bd693_1304x622.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cMXr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F536b41eb-a5d7-4e95-b076-16e7d58bd693_1304x622.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div></li></ol><h3>T&#204;M HI&#7874;U V&#7872; DA V&#192; M&#212; M&#7872;M (GET TO KNOW YOUR SKIN AND SOFT TISSUES)</h3><p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i tr&#432;&#7903;ng th&#224;nh c&#243; g&#7847;n 2 m&#233;t vu&#244;ng da, chi&#7871;m kho&#7843;ng 15 &#273;&#7871;n 20% tr&#7885;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng c&#417; th&#7875;. Da l&#224; l&#7899;p b&#7843;o v&#7879; quan tr&#7885;ng v&#224; l&#224; n&#417;i ti&#7871;p x&#250;c v&#7853;t l&#253; &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n v&#7899;i th&#7871; gi&#7899;i b&#234;n ngo&#224;i, n&#234;n n&#243; ch&#7913;a r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u chu&#244;ng b&#225;o &#273;&#7897;ng. M&#7897;t ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng &#7903; da hi&#7871;m khi d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n &#273;au m&#227;n t&#237;nh (tr&#7915; tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p b&#7887;ng n&#7863;ng). Tuy nhi&#234;n, nh&#7919;ng v&#249;ng da b&#7883; &#273;au, nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m v&#7899;i &#225;nh s&#225;ng ho&#7863;c c&#7885; x&#225;t nh&#7865; c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224; d&#7845;u hi&#7879;u cho th&#7845;y c&#225;c d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh &#273;ang b&#7883; t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng.</p><p>T&#7845;t c&#7843; c&#225;c b&#7897; ph&#7853;n c&#7911;a c&#417; th&#7875; (bao g&#7891;m c&#7843; da) &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; m&#7897;t khu v&#7921;c &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n t&#432;&#417;ng &#7913;ng b&#234;n trong n&#227;o b&#7897; (g&#7885;i l&#224; c&#417; th&#7875; &#7843;o - homunculus). Nh&#7919;ng khu v&#7921;c n&#224;o &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i c&#7843;m gi&#225;c t&#7889;t nh&#7845;t v&#224; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng nhi&#7873;u nh&#7845;t (v&#237; d&#7909;: ng&#243;n tay, m&#244;i) s&#7869; c&#243; v&#249;ng &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n tr&#234;n n&#227;o b&#7897; l&#7899;n h&#417;n. V&#237; d&#7909;, nh&#7919;ng ngh&#7879; s&#297; ch&#417;i &#273;&#224;n violin ho&#7863;c guitar c&#243; v&#249;ng n&#227;o &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n cho b&#224;n tay tr&#225;i l&#7899;n h&#417;n nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng.</p><p><strong>M&#7897;t s&#7889; s&#7921; th&#7853;t v&#7873; da v&#224; m&#244; m&#7873;m:</strong></p><ol><li><p>Da b&#7883; t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng s&#7869; l&#224;nh l&#7841;i c&#7921;c k&#7923; nhanh, nhanh h&#417;n nhi&#7873;u so v&#7899;i d&#226;y ch&#7857;ng v&#224; c&#417; b&#7855;p.</p></li><li><p>Da c&#243; m&#7853;t &#273;&#7897; c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n r&#7845;t cao, bao g&#7891;m c&#7843; c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n nhi&#7879;t &#273;&#7897;, l&#7921;c c&#417; h&#7885;c v&#224; h&#243;a ch&#7845;t.</p></li><li><p>Da th&#432;&#7901;ng r&#7845;t di &#273;&#7897;ng. N&#243; tr&#432;&#7907;t &#273;i khi ch&#250;ng ta di chuy&#7875;n, n&#243; kh&#244;ng th&#237;ch b&#7883; s&#7865;o v&#224; th&#432;&#7901;ng r&#7845;t th&#237;ch &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7841;m v&#224;o.</p></li><li><p>L&#7899;p m&#7841;c (fascia) n&#7857;m ngay d&#432;&#7899;i da. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t m&#244; r&#7845;t d&#7867;o dai, kh&#7887;e m&#7841;nh v&#224; c&#361;ng ch&#7913;a nhi&#7873;u c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n nguy hi&#7875;m. M&#7841;c k&#7871;t n&#7889;i to&#224;n b&#7897; c&#417; th&#7875; th&#224;nh c&#225;c m&#224;ng l&#432;&#7899;i v&#224; &#273;&#244;i khi li&#234;n k&#7871;t tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p v&#7899;i c&#417; b&#7855;p.</p></li><li><p>Khi b&#7841;n massage da, b&#7841;n &#273;ang l&#224;m di chuy&#7875;n c&#225;c m&#244;, &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i g&#7917;i nh&#7919;ng t&#237;n hi&#7879;u xung &#273;i&#7879;n h&#7919;u &#237;ch l&#234;n n&#227;o b&#7897;, gi&#250;p l&#224;m m&#7899;i c&#417; th&#7875; &#7843;o trong n&#227;o</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Tjxw!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa78ad21-a0ea-4c6c-bf53-9bc2c5655c3a_1438x1254.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Tjxw!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa78ad21-a0ea-4c6c-bf53-9bc2c5655c3a_1438x1254.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Tjxw!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa78ad21-a0ea-4c6c-bf53-9bc2c5655c3a_1438x1254.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Tjxw!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa78ad21-a0ea-4c6c-bf53-9bc2c5655c3a_1438x1254.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Tjxw!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa78ad21-a0ea-4c6c-bf53-9bc2c5655c3a_1438x1254.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Tjxw!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa78ad21-a0ea-4c6c-bf53-9bc2c5655c3a_1438x1254.png" width="416" height="362.7705146036161" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/aa78ad21-a0ea-4c6c-bf53-9bc2c5655c3a_1438x1254.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1254,&quot;width&quot;:1438,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:416,&quot;bytes&quot;:772381,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/201237706?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa78ad21-a0ea-4c6c-bf53-9bc2c5655c3a_1438x1254.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Tjxw!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa78ad21-a0ea-4c6c-bf53-9bc2c5655c3a_1438x1254.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Tjxw!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa78ad21-a0ea-4c6c-bf53-9bc2c5655c3a_1438x1254.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Tjxw!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa78ad21-a0ea-4c6c-bf53-9bc2c5655c3a_1438x1254.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Tjxw!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa78ad21-a0ea-4c6c-bf53-9bc2c5655c3a_1438x1254.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div></li></ol><h3>S&#7920; &#272;&#211;NG G&#211;P C&#7910;A X&#431;&#416;NG V&#192; KH&#7898;P V&#192;O C&#416;N &#272;AU (BONE AND JOINT CONTRIBUTIONS TO PAIN)</h3><p>X&#432;&#417;ng v&#224; kh&#7899;p th&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7883; &#273;&#7893; l&#7895;i cho nh&#7919;ng c&#417;n &#273;au s&#226;u, &#273;au khi v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y khi&#7871;n nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i s&#7907; h&#227;i kh&#244;ng d&#225;m di chuy&#7875;n v&#236; s&#7907; l&#224;m h&#7887;ng kh&#7899;p. X&#432;&#417;ng kh&#244;ng h&#7873; gi&#242;n g&#227;y nh&#432; ch&#250;ng ta t&#432;&#7903;ng; ch&#250;ng h&#7845;p th&#7909; &#225;p l&#7921;c r&#7845;t t&#7889;t, l&#224; nh&#7919;ng c&#7845;u tr&#250;c s&#7889;ng c&#243; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng ch&#7919;a l&#224;nh v&#224; s&#7869; th&#237;ch nghi/thay &#273;&#7893;i h&#236;nh d&#7841;ng t&#249;y theo nhu c&#7847;u c&#7911;a c&#417; th&#7875;. X&#432;&#417;ng v&#224; kh&#7899;p ch&#7913;a r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n nguy hi&#7875;m. L&#7899;p m&#224;ng ngo&#224;i c&#7911;a x&#432;&#417;ng (m&#224;ng x&#432;&#417;ng) l&#224; m&#7897;t l&#7899;p si&#234;u nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng nh&#432; m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng b&#7843;o v&#7879; b&#7893; sung. C&#225;c l&#7899;p l&#243;t b&#234;n trong kh&#7899;p (&#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t l&#224; bao ho&#7841;t d&#7883;ch) c&#361;ng ch&#7913;a &#273;&#7847;y c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n v&#224; ch&#250;ng c&#243; th&#7875; ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng d&#7919; d&#7897;i khi b&#7883; ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng ho&#7863;c m&#7855;c b&#7879;nh vi&#234;m kh&#7899;p. Nh&#432;ng h&#227;y nh&#7899;, kh&#7899;p b&#7883; vi&#234;m kh&#244;ng c&#243; ngh&#297;a l&#224; ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n s&#7869; g&#226;y &#273;au.</p><p><strong>S&#7921; th&#7853;t v&#7873; x&#432;&#417;ng v&#224; kh&#7899;p:</strong></p><ol><li><p>C&#225;c c&#417;n &#273;au kh&#7899;p th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#244; t&#7843; l&#224; &#8220;nghi&#7871;n&#8221;, &#8220;&#273;&#226;m nh&#243;i&#8221;, &#8220;b&#7883; &#233;p&#8221; hay &#8220;&#273;au nh&#7913;c&#8221;. Tuy nhi&#234;n, nh&#7919;ng t&#7915; ng&#7919; n&#224;y l&#224; do n&#227;o b&#7897; T&#7920; KI&#7870;N T&#7840;O RA d&#7921;a tr&#234;n t&#237;n hi&#7879;u t&#7915; kh&#7899;p k&#7871;t h&#7907;p v&#7899;i nhi&#7873;u y&#7871;u t&#7889; kh&#225;c.</p></li><li><p>T&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng c&#7911;a kh&#7899;p l&#224; m&#7897;t y&#7871;u t&#7889; quan tr&#7885;ng. N&#7871;u nh&#7919;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i trong kh&#7899;p di&#7877;n ra t&#7915; t&#7915;, n&#227;o b&#7897; c&#243; th&#7875; s&#7869; k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n r&#7857;ng kh&#244;ng c&#243; m&#7889;i nguy hi&#7875;m th&#7921;c s&#7921; n&#224;o. &#272;&#243; l&#224; l&#253; do t&#7841;i sao tr&#7853;t kh&#7899;p hay g&#227;y x&#432;&#417;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng r&#7845;t &#273;au, trong khi ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#7883; m&#242;n kh&#7899;p do l&#227;o h&#243;a l&#7841;i kh&#244;ng bao gi&#7901; c&#7843;m th&#7845;y &#273;au.</p></li><li><p>H&#236;nh &#7843;nh ch&#7909;p X-quang kh&#7899;p (&#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t &#7903; ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#7899;n tu&#7893;i) th&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7865;p m&#7855;t. Nh&#432;ng m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; t&#7891;i t&#7879; tr&#234;n X-quang hi&#7871;m khi t&#432;&#417;ng x&#7913;ng v&#7899;i m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; &#273;au. M&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#243; X-quang tr&#244;ng r&#7845;t kh&#7911;ng khi&#7871;p c&#243; th&#7875; kh&#244;ng h&#7873; &#273;au, trong khi ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#243; X-quang ho&#224;n h&#7843;o l&#7841;i c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;ang trong t&#236;nh tr&#7841;ng &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n c&#249;ng c&#7921;c.</p></li><li><p>Kh&#7899;p C&#7920;C K&#7922; Y&#202;U TH&#205;CH s&#7921; v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng v&#224; l&#7921;c n&#233;n. Chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng gi&#250;p ph&#226;n ph&#7889;i ch&#7845;t d&#7883;ch b&#244;i tr&#417;n kh&#7899;p, v&#224; s&#7909;n kh&#7899;p r&#7845;t c&#7847;n l&#7921;c n&#233;n &#233;p n&#224;y &#273;&#7875; duy tr&#236; s&#7921; kh&#7887;e m&#7841;nh.</p></li><li><p>X&#432;&#417;ng b&#7883; g&#227;y n&#225;t c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224;nh l&#7841;i, &#273;&#244;i khi c&#242;n ch&#7855;c kh&#7887;e h&#417;n tr&#432;&#7899;c. Qu&#225; tr&#236;nh n&#224;y v&#244; c&#249;ng m&#7841;nh m&#7869; v&#224; ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n ho&#224;n t&#7845;t trong v&#242;ng s&#225;u tu&#7847;n</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UnR5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F093e2e0f-a4e5-484d-becf-d0d1d3e684ce_820x874.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UnR5!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F093e2e0f-a4e5-484d-becf-d0d1d3e684ce_820x874.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UnR5!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F093e2e0f-a4e5-484d-becf-d0d1d3e684ce_820x874.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UnR5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F093e2e0f-a4e5-484d-becf-d0d1d3e684ce_820x874.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UnR5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F093e2e0f-a4e5-484d-becf-d0d1d3e684ce_820x874.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UnR5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F093e2e0f-a4e5-484d-becf-d0d1d3e684ce_820x874.png" width="384" height="409.2878048780488" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/093e2e0f-a4e5-484d-becf-d0d1d3e684ce_820x874.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:874,&quot;width&quot;:820,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:384,&quot;bytes&quot;:328552,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/201237706?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F093e2e0f-a4e5-484d-becf-d0d1d3e684ce_820x874.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UnR5!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F093e2e0f-a4e5-484d-becf-d0d1d3e684ce_820x874.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UnR5!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F093e2e0f-a4e5-484d-becf-d0d1d3e684ce_820x874.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UnR5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F093e2e0f-a4e5-484d-becf-d0d1d3e684ce_820x874.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!UnR5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F093e2e0f-a4e5-484d-becf-d0d1d3e684ce_820x874.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div></li></ol><h3>D&#194;Y TH&#7846;N KINH NGO&#7840;I BI&#202;N (THE PERIPHERAL NERVES)</h3><p>M&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i th&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#7881; bi&#7871;t &#273;&#7871;n c&#417; b&#7855;p v&#224; kh&#7899;p m&#224; qu&#234;n m&#7845;t c&#225;c d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh. C&#243; h&#224;ng tr&#259;m m&#233;t d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh ngo&#7841;i bi&#234;n k&#7871;t n&#7889;i n&#227;o v&#224; t&#7911;y s&#7889;ng v&#7899;i c&#225;c m&#244; v&#224; th&#7871; gi&#7899;i b&#234;n ngo&#224;i. C&#225;c nh&#224; khoa h&#7885;c cho r&#7857;ng c&#225;c v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; v&#7873; th&#7847;n kinh ngo&#7841;i bi&#234;n ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n h&#417;n r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u so v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng g&#236; c&#225;c b&#225;c s&#297; th&#432;&#7901;ng ngh&#297;</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EXOZ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3a9d0c82-d1f0-43c2-82df-b1a49d67e8ab_964x830.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EXOZ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3a9d0c82-d1f0-43c2-82df-b1a49d67e8ab_964x830.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EXOZ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3a9d0c82-d1f0-43c2-82df-b1a49d67e8ab_964x830.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EXOZ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3a9d0c82-d1f0-43c2-82df-b1a49d67e8ab_964x830.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EXOZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3a9d0c82-d1f0-43c2-82df-b1a49d67e8ab_964x830.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EXOZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3a9d0c82-d1f0-43c2-82df-b1a49d67e8ab_964x830.png" width="321" height="276.37966804979254" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EXOZ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3a9d0c82-d1f0-43c2-82df-b1a49d67e8ab_964x830.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EXOZ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3a9d0c82-d1f0-43c2-82df-b1a49d67e8ab_964x830.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EXOZ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3a9d0c82-d1f0-43c2-82df-b1a49d67e8ab_964x830.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EXOZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3a9d0c82-d1f0-43c2-82df-b1a49d67e8ab_964x830.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>&#272;&#7875; h&#236;nh dung, h&#227;y th&#7917; t&#7921; s&#7901; v&#224;o d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh tr&#7909; (ulnar nerve) &#7903; khu&#7927;u tay c&#7911;a b&#7841;n. N&#243; c&#243; &#273;&#7897; d&#224;y b&#7857;ng m&#7897;t n&#7917;a chi&#7871;c b&#250;t ch&#236;, r&#7845;t tr&#417;n tr&#432;&#7907;t. N&#7871;u b&#7841;n d&#249;ng ng&#243;n tay day qua day l&#7841;i tr&#234;n d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh n&#224;y, b&#7841;n s&#7869; c&#7843;m th&#7845;y ng&#7913;a ran (nh&#432; kim ch&#226;m) &#7903; ng&#243;n tay &#250;t c&#7911;a m&#236;nh. B&#7843;n th&#226;n d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh c&#243; c&#7845;u t&#7841;o d&#7841;ng d&#226;y th&#7915;ng, v&#7899;i kho&#7843;ng 50% l&#224; m&#244; d&#226;y ch&#7857;ng (gi&#250;p n&#243; r&#7845;t ch&#7855;c kh&#7887;e) v&#224; 50% l&#224; c&#225;c t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh (neurones).</p><p><strong>Ki&#7871;n th&#7913;c h&#7919;u &#237;ch v&#7873; d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh:</strong></p><ol><li><p>Ph&#7847;n d&#226;y ch&#7857;ng c&#7911;a d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh c&#243; ch&#7913;a c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n nguy hi&#7875;m.</p></li><li><p>N&#7871;u t&#7841;i v&#7883; tr&#237; t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng c&#7911;a d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh c&#243; s&#7921; gia t&#259;ng s&#7889; l&#432;&#7907;ng c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n (do l&#7921;c c&#417; h&#7885;c, thi&#7871;u m&#225;u, h&#243;a ch&#7845;t c&#259;ng th&#7859;ng), khu v&#7921;c &#273;&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; &#8220;b&#7889;c ch&#225;y&#8221; v&#224; g&#7917;i &#273;i c&#225;c th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p nguy hi&#7875;m, &#273;&#243;ng g&#243;p tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p v&#224;o c&#417;n &#273;au.</p></li><li><p>N&#7871;u n&#227;o b&#7897; cho r&#7857;ng b&#7841;n c&#7847;n t&#259;ng &#273;&#7897; nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m &#273;&#7875; sinh t&#7891;n, DNA b&#234;n trong t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh c&#243; th&#7875; t&#7841;o ra nhi&#7873;u c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n C&#258;NG TH&#7858;NG (adrenaline) h&#417;n v&#224; &#273;&#432;a ch&#250;ng v&#224;o m&#224;ng t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y c&#243; ngh&#297;a l&#224; m&#7885;i tr&#7841;ng th&#225;i c&#259;ng th&#7859;ng t&#226;m l&#253; &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224;m t&#259;ng &#273;&#7897; nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m c&#7911;a d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh.</p></li><li><p>D&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh c&#243; th&#7875; b&#7883; t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng do c&#7855;t, &#233;p, k&#233;o d&#227;n qu&#225; m&#7913;c, do h&#243;a ch&#7845;t ho&#7863;c do gi&#7843;m ngu&#7891;n cung c&#7845;p m&#225;u k&#233;o d&#224;i.</p></li><li><p>D&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh th&#237;ch &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#7921; do di chuy&#7875;n (v&#237; d&#7909; qua c&#225;c b&#224;i t&#7853;p Yoga ho&#7863;c Th&#225;i C&#7921;c Quy&#7873;n).</p></li><li><p>D&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh s&#7869; thay &#273;&#7893;i h&#236;nh d&#7841;ng theo tu&#7893;i t&#225;c, m&#7887;ng &#273;i ho&#7863;c d&#224;y l&#234;n, nh&#432;ng nh&#7919;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i n&#224;y kh&#244;ng nh&#7845;t thi&#7871;t g&#226;y &#273;au.</p></li><li><p>&#272;&#244;i khi c&#225;c t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng vi th&#7875; (r&#7845;t nh&#7887;) &#7903; d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh c&#243; th&#7875; c&#7921;c k&#7923; phi&#7873;n to&#225;i, nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m v&#7899;i &#225;p l&#7921;c ho&#7863;c l&#7921;c k&#233;o d&#227;n, nh&#432;ng c&#225;c lo&#7841;i m&#225;y qu&#233;t hay x&#233;t nghi&#7879;m &#273;&#7855;t ti&#7873;n nh&#7845;t l&#7841;i kh&#244;ng th&#7875; ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n ra</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gn1Y!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e72213-eb0f-4138-a457-86bcef89e227_1264x656.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gn1Y!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e72213-eb0f-4138-a457-86bcef89e227_1264x656.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gn1Y!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e72213-eb0f-4138-a457-86bcef89e227_1264x656.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gn1Y!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e72213-eb0f-4138-a457-86bcef89e227_1264x656.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gn1Y!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e72213-eb0f-4138-a457-86bcef89e227_1264x656.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gn1Y!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e72213-eb0f-4138-a457-86bcef89e227_1264x656.png" width="430" height="223.16455696202533" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/23e72213-eb0f-4138-a457-86bcef89e227_1264x656.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:656,&quot;width&quot;:1264,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:430,&quot;bytes&quot;:411246,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/201237706?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e72213-eb0f-4138-a457-86bcef89e227_1264x656.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gn1Y!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e72213-eb0f-4138-a457-86bcef89e227_1264x656.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gn1Y!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e72213-eb0f-4138-a457-86bcef89e227_1264x656.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gn1Y!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e72213-eb0f-4138-a457-86bcef89e227_1264x656.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Gn1Y!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e72213-eb0f-4138-a457-86bcef89e227_1264x656.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div></li></ol><h3>H&#7840;CH R&#7876; L&#431;NG &#8211; N&#195;O B&#7896; THU NH&#7886; C&#7910;A D&#194;Y TH&#7846;N KINH NGO&#7840;I BI&#202;N (THE DORSAL ROOT GANGLION &#8211; THE PERIPHERAL NERVE&#8217;S MINIBRAIN)</h3><p>C&#243; m&#7897;t ch&#7895; ph&#236;nh nh&#7887; &#7903; d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh ngo&#7841;i bi&#234;n ngay tr&#432;&#7899;c khi n&#243; &#273;i v&#224;o t&#7911;y s&#7889;ng, &#273;&#432;&#7907;c g&#7885;i l&#224; h&#7841;ch r&#7877; l&#432;ng (Dorsal Root Ganglion - DRG). N&#243; c&#7921;c k&#7923; quan tr&#7885;ng v&#236; n&#243; ch&#7913;a nh&#226;n c&#7911;a t&#7845;t c&#7843; c&#225;c t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh c&#7843;m gi&#225;c. V&#7873; c&#417; b&#7843;n, n&#243; gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; m&#7897;t &#8220;n&#227;o b&#7897; thu nh&#7887;&#8221; v&#236; &#273;&#226;y l&#224; n&#417;i &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n c&#225;c th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p t&#7915; m&#244; &#273;i v&#224;o c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh v&#224; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225;.</p><p><strong>&#272;&#7863;c &#273;i&#7875;m c&#7911;a H&#7841;ch r&#7877; l&#432;ng (DRG):</strong></p><ol><li><p>Nh&#226;n ch&#7913;a DNA n&#7857;m t&#7841;i &#273;&#226;y, s&#7861;n s&#224;ng s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t ra c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n. B&#7845;t c&#7913; th&#7913; g&#236; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n DRG &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng s&#226;u s&#7855;c &#273;&#7871;n to&#224;n b&#7897; d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh ngo&#7841;i bi&#234;n.</p></li><li><p>DRG c&#7921;c k&#7923; nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m v&#224; d&#7877; thay &#273;&#7893;i. C&#225;c ch&#7845;t d&#7883;ch nh&#432; m&#225;u, &#8220;s&#250;p vi&#234;m&#8221; t&#7915; m&#7897;t t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng m&#244; m&#7873;m g&#7847;n &#273;&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; g&#226;y k&#237;ch &#7913;ng n&#243;. Khi kh&#7899;p b&#7883; tho&#225;i h&#243;a, c&#225;c x&#432;&#417;ng xung quanh c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#232;n &#233;p l&#234;n DRG, v&#224; v&#236; n&#243; qu&#225; nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m n&#234;n &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y c&#243; th&#7875; g&#226;y ra nh&#7919;ng c&#417;n &#273;au kh&#7911;ng khi&#7871;p.</p></li><li><p>DRG &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t &#8220;nh&#7841;y b&#233;n&#8221; v&#7899;i h&#243;a ch&#7845;t trong m&#225;u, bao g&#7891;m c&#7843; adrenaline v&#224; c&#225;c h&#243;a ch&#7845;t kh&#225;c tr&#224;o v&#224;o m&#225;u khi b&#7841;n b&#7883; C&#258;NG TH&#7858;NG. Vi&#7879;c s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t th&#234;m c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n adrenaline &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#432;a v&#224;o DRG l&#224; m&#7897;t c&#225;ch c&#417; th&#7875; t&#259;ng c&#432;&#7901;ng b&#7843;o v&#7879;, nh&#432;ng l&#7841;i d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n vi&#7879;c c&#417;n &#273;au t&#7891;i t&#7879; h&#417;n.</p></li><li><p>&#272;&#244;i khi DRG c&#243; th&#7875; b&#7883; &#8220;k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t&#8221; v&#224; li&#234;n t&#7909;c ph&#225;t t&#237;n hi&#7879;u gi&#7889;ng h&#7879;t nh&#432; m&#7897;t chi&#7871;c c&#242;i b&#225;o &#273;&#7897;ng &#244; t&#244; b&#7883; h&#7887;ng, khi&#7871;n b&#7841;n c&#7921;c k&#7923; kh&#243; ch&#7883;u. Tuy nhi&#234;n, n&#7871;u DRG b&#7883; ch&#232;n &#233;p m&#7897;t c&#225;ch t&#7915; t&#7915; qua th&#7901;i gian (nh&#432; &#7903; ng&#432;&#7901;i gi&#224;), n&#227;o b&#7897; s&#7869; k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n r&#7857;ng kh&#244;ng c&#243; m&#7889;i nguy hi&#7875;m n&#224;o, v&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; kh&#244;ng bao gi&#7901; th&#7845;y &#273;au!</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Vmmr!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14a94393-b53a-400b-be3d-8b43f9a5e826_814x1012.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Vmmr!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14a94393-b53a-400b-be3d-8b43f9a5e826_814x1012.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Vmmr!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14a94393-b53a-400b-be3d-8b43f9a5e826_814x1012.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Vmmr!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14a94393-b53a-400b-be3d-8b43f9a5e826_814x1012.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Vmmr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14a94393-b53a-400b-be3d-8b43f9a5e826_814x1012.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Vmmr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14a94393-b53a-400b-be3d-8b43f9a5e826_814x1012.png" width="364" height="452.5405405405405" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Vmmr!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14a94393-b53a-400b-be3d-8b43f9a5e826_814x1012.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Vmmr!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14a94393-b53a-400b-be3d-8b43f9a5e826_814x1012.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Vmmr!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14a94393-b53a-400b-be3d-8b43f9a5e826_814x1012.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Vmmr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14a94393-b53a-400b-be3d-8b43f9a5e826_814x1012.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div></li></ol><h3>HI&#7878;N T&#431;&#7906;NG D&#194;Y TH&#7846;N KINH PH&#7842;N T&#193;C D&#7908;NG / B&#7854;N NG&#431;&#7906;C (BACKFIRING NERVES)</h3><p>C&#225;c t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh c&#243; th&#7875; &#8220;b&#7855;n ng&#432;&#7907;c&#8221; (backfire), &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t l&#224; khi ch&#250;ng b&#7883; t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u m&#224; h&#7847;u h&#7871;t m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i (k&#7875; c&#7843; m&#7897;t s&#7889; chuy&#234;n gia y t&#7871;) kh&#244;ng h&#7873; bi&#7871;t. C&#225;c t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng gi&#7889;ng h&#7879;t nh&#432; m&#7897;t chu&#7895;i domino &#8211; n&#7871;u b&#7841;n b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u truy&#7873;n t&#237;n hi&#7879;u, n&#243; s&#7869; ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c &#273;i theo B&#7844;T K&#7922; h&#432;&#7899;ng n&#224;o c&#243; s&#7861;n. Khi xung &#273;i&#7879;n &#273;i ng&#432;&#7907;c tr&#7903; l&#7841;i ph&#7847;n &#273;u&#244;i c&#7911;a t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh (thay v&#236; &#273;i l&#234;n n&#227;o), n&#243; s&#7869; gi&#7843;i ph&#243;ng c&#225;c h&#243;a ch&#7845;t gi&#250;p ch&#7919;a l&#224;nh c&#225;c m&#244; b&#7883; t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng &#7903; &#273;&#243;.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y c&#243; ngh&#297;a l&#224;: M&#7897;t d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh b&#7883; t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng &#7903; l&#432;ng c&#243; th&#7875; b&#7855;n ng&#432;&#7907;c t&#237;n hi&#7879;u v&#224; T&#7920; G&#194;Y RA ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng vi&#234;m &#7903; c&#225;c m&#244; ngo&#7841;i vi (v&#237; d&#7909;: l&#224;m s&#432;ng b&#224;n ch&#226;n). N&#7871;u hi&#7879;n t&#432;&#7907;ng b&#7855;n ng&#432;&#7907;c n&#224;y k&#233;o d&#224;i, t&#236;nh tr&#7841;ng vi&#234;m li&#234;n t&#7909;c s&#7869; d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n vi&#7879;c c&#225;c m&#244; b&#7883; nh&#227;o v&#224; s&#432;ng ph&#249;. Vi&#7879;c gi&#7843;m b&#7899;t s&#7921; nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7847;n kinh s&#7869; gi&#250;p gi&#7843;m l&#432;&#7907;ng vi&#234;m nhi&#7877;m trong c&#225;c m&#244; c&#7911;a b&#7841;n.</p><h3>NH&#7918;NG &#272;I&#7872;U B&#7840;N C&#211; TH&#7874; NH&#7852;N TH&#7844;Y KHI C&#211; V&#7844;N &#272;&#7872; V&#7872; TH&#7846;N KINH NGO&#7840;I BI&#202;N (WHAT YOU MIGHT NOTICE WITH PERIPHERAL NERVE PROBLEMS)</h3><p>C&#225;c h&#7897;i ch&#7913;ng ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n nh&#432; &#273;au khu&#7927;u tay tennis (tennis elbow), vi&#234;m c&#226;n gan ch&#226;n (plantar fasciitis) v&#224; h&#7897;i ch&#7913;ng &#7889;ng c&#7893; tay (carpal tunnel syndrome) c&#243; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng r&#7845;t cao li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh ngo&#7841;i bi&#234;n.</p><p><strong>B&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; nh&#7853;n th&#7845;y nh&#7919;ng tri&#7879;u ch&#7913;ng g&#236;?</strong></p><ul><li><p>C&#7843;m gi&#225;c ng&#7913;a ran (nh&#432; kim ch&#226;m), &#273;&#244;i khi &#273;au bu&#7889;t, b&#7887;ng r&#225;t.</p></li><li><p>&#272;au v&#224;o ban &#273;&#234;m khi b&#7841;n &#273;ang ng&#7911;, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t l&#224; &#7903; b&#224;n tay v&#224; b&#224;n ch&#226;n.</p></li><li><p>V&#7883; tr&#237; &#273;au: N&#7857;m theo c&#225;c &#8220;v&#249;ng da&#8221; do d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh &#273;&#243; chi ph&#7889;i, ho&#7863;c t&#7841;o ra c&#225;c &#8220;&#273;i&#7875;m n&#243;ng&#8221; (hot spots/trigger points) nh&#7887; &#7845;n v&#224;o r&#7845;t &#273;au.</p></li><li><p>V&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng l&#224;m cho c&#417;n &#273;au t&#7891;i t&#7879; h&#417;n, v&#224; b&#7841;n c&#243; xu h&#432;&#7899;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i t&#432; th&#7871; &#273;&#7875; gi&#7843;m t&#7843;i l&#234;n d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh &#273;&#243; (v&#237; d&#7909;: nh&#250;n vai, cong v&#7865;o c&#7897;t s&#7889;ng, ch&#250;i &#273;&#7847;u v&#7873; ph&#237;a tr&#432;&#7899;c).</p></li><li><p>C&#259;ng th&#7859;ng t&#226;m l&#253; (Stress) l&#224;m c&#417;n &#273;au tr&#7903; n&#234;n t&#7891;i t&#7879; h&#417;n (v&#242;ng l&#7863;p lu&#7849;n qu&#7849;n: &#273;au -&gt; c&#259;ng th&#7859;ng -&gt; ti&#7871;t adrenaline -&gt; k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n -&gt; c&#224;ng &#273;au h&#417;n).</p></li><li><p>&#8220;Zings&#8221; - th&#7881;nh tho&#7843;ng c&#243; nh&#7919;ng c&#250; gi&#7853;t/nh&#243;i &#273;&#7897;t ng&#7897;t khi b&#7841;n di chuy&#7875;n m&#224; kh&#244;ng h&#7873; c&#243; c&#7843;nh b&#225;o tr&#432;&#7899;c, khi&#7871;n b&#7841;n r&#7845;t s&#7907; h&#227;i.</p></li><li><p>Tri&#7879;u ch&#7913;ng c&#243; th&#7875; xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n ch&#7853;m tr&#7877; nhi&#7873;u ng&#224;y ho&#7863;c v&#224;i tu&#7847;n sau khi ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng.</p></li><li><p>C&#7843;m gi&#225;c v&#244; c&#249;ng k&#7923; l&#7841;: &#8220;nh&#432; c&#243; s&#7907;i d&#226;y k&#233;o c&#259;ng&#8221;, &#8220;nh&#432; n&#432;&#7899;c ch&#7843;y d&#432;&#7899;i da&#8221;, &#8220;ki&#7871;n b&#242;&#8221;, &#8220;ng&#7913;a ng&#225;y&#8221;.</p></li></ul><p>Mi&#7877;n l&#224; b&#7841;n hi&#7875;u r&#7857;ng m&#236;nh kh&#244;ng h&#7873; b&#7883; &#273;i&#234;n, d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh c&#7911;a b&#7841;n kh&#244;ng h&#7873; ch&#7871;t &#273;i hay m&#7909;c n&#225;t, ch&#250;ng hi&#7871;m khi th&#7921;c s&#7921; b&#7883; &#273;&#7913;t g&#227;y. Ch&#250;ng ch&#7881; &#273;ang ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i l&#7841;i m&#7879;nh l&#7879;nh t&#7915; n&#227;o b&#7897; y&#234;u c&#7847;u ph&#7843;i nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m h&#417;n &#273;&#7875; c&#7843;nh b&#225;o t&#7889;t h&#417;n m&#224; th&#244;i.</p><h3>T&#211;M T&#7854;T PH&#7846;N 3 (RECAP SECTION 3)</h3><ul><li><p>T&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng m&#244; s&#7869; g&#226;y ra t&#236;nh tr&#7841;ng vi&#234;m, &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n nguy hi&#7875;m v&#224; l&#224;m cho c&#225;c t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh tr&#7903; n&#234;n nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m h&#417;n.</p></li><li><p>Trong ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n, vi&#234;m c&#243; t&#225;c d&#7909;ng th&#250;c &#273;&#7849;y qu&#225; tr&#236;nh ch&#7919;a l&#224;nh.</p></li><li><p>Qu&#225; tr&#236;nh ch&#7919;a l&#224;nh c&#7911;a m&#244; ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o ngu&#7891;n cung c&#7845;p m&#225;u v&#224; nhu c&#7847;u c&#7911;a m&#244;, nh&#432;ng T&#7844;T C&#7842; c&#225;c m&#244; &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#7919;a l&#224;nh.</p></li><li><p>B&#7843;n th&#226;n c&#225;c d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh ngo&#7841;i bi&#234;n v&#224; h&#7841;ch r&#7877; l&#432;ng (DRG) c&#361;ng c&#243; th&#7875; tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p k&#237;ch th&#237;ch c&#225;c th&#7909; th&#7875; nguy hi&#7875;m.</p></li><li><p>Th&#244;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng, c&#225;c c&#417;n &#273;au do t&#237;n hi&#7879;u nguy hi&#7875;m t&#7915; d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh v&#224; DRG kh&#7903;i x&#432;&#7899;ng s&#7869; tu&#226;n theo m&#7897;t khu&#244;n m&#7851;u &#273;&#7863;c th&#249; nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7883;nh.</p></li></ul><div><hr></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Lật Tẩy Lầm Tưởng: ‘Mãn Kinh’ Làm Chậm Chuyển Hóa Ở Nữ Giới Trung Niên?]]></title><description><![CDATA[M&#244;&#803;t th&#244;ng tin &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c lan truy&#234;&#768;n ph&#244;&#777; bi&#234;&#769;n tr&#234;n ma&#803;ng xa&#771; h&#244;&#803;i la&#768;, s&#432;&#803; su&#803;t gia&#777;m hormone Estrogen la&#768; nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n chi&#769;nh d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n su&#803;t gia&#777;m t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a &#417;&#777; n&#432;&#771; gi&#417;&#769;i trong giai &#273;oa&#803;n &#8216;ma&#771;n kinh&#8217; (menopause), ke&#769;o theo nh&#432;&#771;ng v&#226;&#769;n &#273;&#234;&#768; li&#234;n quan &#273;&#234;&#769;n m&#226;&#769;t ki&#234;&#777;m soa&#769;t c&#226;n n&#259;&#803;ng, ti&#769;ch m&#417;&#771; th&#432;&#768;a, va&#768; ca&#769;c v&#226;&#769;n &#273;&#234;&#768; v&#234;&#768; s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a.]]></description><link>https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/lat-tay-lam-tuong-man-kinh-lam-cham</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/lat-tay-lam-tuong-man-kinh-lam-cham</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[The Thinking Trainer]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 08 Jun 2026 11:51:34 GMT</pubDate><enclosure 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class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>M&#244;&#803;t th&#244;ng tin &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c lan truy&#234;&#768;n ph&#244;&#777; bi&#234;&#769;n tr&#234;n ma&#803;ng xa&#771; h&#244;&#803;i la&#768;, s&#432;&#803; su&#803;t gia&#777;m hormone Estrogen la&#768; nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n chi&#769;nh d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n su&#803;t gia&#777;m t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a &#417;&#777; n&#432;&#771; gi&#417;&#769;i trong giai &#273;oa&#803;n &#8216;ma&#771;n kinh&#8217; (<em>menopause</em>), ke&#769;o theo nh&#432;&#771;ng v&#226;&#769;n &#273;&#234;&#768; li&#234;n quan &#273;&#234;&#769;n m&#226;&#769;t ki&#234;&#777;m soa&#769;t c&#226;n n&#259;&#803;ng, ti&#769;ch m&#417;&#771; th&#432;&#768;a, va&#768; ca&#769;c v&#226;&#769;n &#273;&#234;&#768; v&#234;&#768; s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a. </p><p>&#272;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y to&#777; ra h&#417;&#803;p ly&#769;, th&#226;&#803;m chi&#769; m&#244;&#803;t nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u t&#244;&#777;ng quan &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c xu&#226;&#769;t ba&#777;n g&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#226;y b&#417;&#777;i <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41860241/">&#8220;Marcantei va&#768; &#273;&#244;&#768;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p&#8221; (2026)</a> &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c chia se&#777; r&#244;&#803;ng ra&#771;i nh&#432; m&#244;&#803;t b&#259;&#768;ng ch&#432;&#769;ng u&#777;ng h&#244;&#803; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ril3!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3a473f2-2073-42c3-9e0b-9aecd283efa1_1920x1080.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ril3!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3a473f2-2073-42c3-9e0b-9aecd283efa1_1920x1080.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ril3!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3a473f2-2073-42c3-9e0b-9aecd283efa1_1920x1080.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ril3!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3a473f2-2073-42c3-9e0b-9aecd283efa1_1920x1080.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ril3!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3a473f2-2073-42c3-9e0b-9aecd283efa1_1920x1080.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ril3!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3a473f2-2073-42c3-9e0b-9aecd283efa1_1920x1080.png" width="568" height="319.5" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d3a473f2-2073-42c3-9e0b-9aecd283efa1_1920x1080.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:819,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:568,&quot;bytes&quot;:754418,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/201124824?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3a473f2-2073-42c3-9e0b-9aecd283efa1_1920x1080.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ril3!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3a473f2-2073-42c3-9e0b-9aecd283efa1_1920x1080.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ril3!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3a473f2-2073-42c3-9e0b-9aecd283efa1_1920x1080.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ril3!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3a473f2-2073-42c3-9e0b-9aecd283efa1_1920x1080.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ril3!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd3a473f2-2073-42c3-9e0b-9aecd283efa1_1920x1080.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Ngay khi &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c c&#244;ng b&#244;&#769;, k&#234;&#769;t lu&#226;&#803;n trong ba&#768;i ba&#769;o t&#244;&#777;ng quan b&#417;&#777;i &#8220;Marcantei va&#768; &#273;&#244;&#768;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p&#8221; &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c chia se&#777; r&#244;&#803;ng ra&#771;i tr&#234;n ca&#769;c n&#234;&#768;n ta&#777;ng ma&#803;ng xa&#771; h&#244;&#803;i</figcaption></figure></div><p>Tuy nhi&#234;n, li&#803;ch s&#432;&#777; nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u v&#234;&#768; chu&#777; &#273;&#234;&#768; na&#768;y he&#769; l&#244;&#803; m&#244;&#803;t s&#432;&#803; th&#226;&#803;t &#273;en t&#244;&#769;i: nh&#432;&#771;ng d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n n&#234;&#768;n ta&#777;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c cho la&#768; u&#777;ng h&#244;&#803; quan sa&#769;t r&#259;&#768;ng &#8216;ma&#771;n kinh&#8217; la&#768;m ch&#226;&#803;m t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c bi&#803;a &#273;&#259;&#803;t hoa&#768;n toa&#768;n b&#417;&#777;i m&#244;&#803;t nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u sinh, sau &#273;o&#769; &#273;a&#771; bi&#803; k&#234;&#769;t a&#769;n tu&#768; vi&#768; ha&#768;nh vi l&#432;&#768;a &#273;a&#777;o trong nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u khoa ho&#803;c.</p><p>Nh&#432;ng khi nhi&#768;n va&#768;o ca&#769;c b&#259;&#768;ng ch&#432;&#769;ng th&#432;&#803;c t&#234;&#769;, c&#226;u chuy&#234;&#803;n thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i hoa&#768;n toa&#768;n, to&#777; ra &#273;&#259;&#803;c bi&#234;&#803;t kha&#777; quan va&#768; &#273;&#226;&#768;y khi&#769;ch l&#234;&#803; &#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i phu&#803; n&#432;&#771; trung ni&#234;n. </p><p>Ba&#768;i vi&#234;&#769;t na&#768;y tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n vi&#768; sao l&#226;&#768;m t&#432;&#417;&#777;ng na&#768;y ma&#771;i v&#226;&#771;n ch&#432;a bi&#234;&#769;n m&#226;&#769;t, ca&#769;c b&#259;&#768;ng ch&#432;&#769;ng khoa ho&#803;c ch&#226;&#769;t l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng cao th&#432;&#803;c s&#432;&#803; no&#769;i gi&#768; v&#234;&#768; ma&#771;n kinh, la&#771;o ho&#769;a, va&#768; hoa&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803;ng chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a cu&#777;a n&#432;&#771; gi&#417;&#769;i, va&#768; vi&#768; sao phu&#803; n&#432;&#771; &#417;&#777; &#273;&#244;&#803; tu&#244;&#777;i trung ni&#234;n co&#769; kha&#777; n&#259;ng ki&#234;&#777;m soa&#769;t c&#226;n n&#259;&#803;ng va&#768; hi&#768;nh th&#234;&#777; cu&#777;a mi&#768;nh l&#417;&#769;n h&#417;n ho&#803; t&#432;&#417;&#777;ng r&#226;&#769;t nhi&#234;&#768;u.</p><blockquote><p>Bi&#234;n t&#226;&#803;p la&#803;i t&#432;&#768; ba&#768;i &#273;&#259;ng cu&#777;a <em>Sports Nutrition Association (SNA)</em></p></blockquote><div class="instagram-embed-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;instagram_id&quot;:&quot;DYqQdiFEoGL&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Sports Nutrition Association on Instagram: \&quot;Is menopause actual&#8230;&quot;,&quot;author_name&quot;:&quot;@sportsnutritionassociation&quot;,&quot;thumbnail_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/__ss-rehost__IG-snapshot-DYqQdiFEoGL.jpg&quot;,&quot;like_count&quot;:1773,&quot;comment_count&quot;:67,&quot;profile_pic_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/__ss-rehost__IG-profile-pic-DYqQdiFEoGL.png&quot;,&quot;follower_count&quot;:null,&quot;timestamp&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false}" data-component-name="InstagramToDOM"></div><h1>N&#234;&#768;n Ta&#777;ng Lung Lay</h1><p>Va&#768;o nh&#432;&#771;ng n&#259;m 1990, Ti&#234;&#769;n si&#771; Eric Poehlman la&#768; chuy&#234;n gia ha&#768;ng &#273;&#226;&#768;u th&#234;&#769; gi&#417;&#769;i cho r&#259;&#768;ng ma&#771;n kinh la&#768;m ch&#226;&#803;m chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a &#417;&#777; n&#432;&#771; gi&#417;&#769;i.</p><p>Tuy nhi&#234;n, va&#768;o n&#259;m 2006, Pohelman thu&#769; nh&#226;&#803;n &#273;a&#771; la&#768;m gia&#777; d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n cu&#777;a mi&#768;nh, va&#768; tr&#417;&#777; tha&#768;nh nha&#768; khoa hoa ho&#803;c &#273;&#226;&#768;u ti&#234;n &#417;&#777; Hoa Ky&#768; &#273;i tu&#768; vi&#768; l&#432;&#768;a &#273;a&#777;o trong th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u (th&#244;ng ca&#769;o ba&#769;o chi&#769; cu&#777;a vu&#803; vi&#234;&#803;c na&#768;y co&#769; th&#234;&#777; truy c&#226;&#803;p <a href="https://ori.hhs.gov/press-release-dr-eric-t-poehlman">ta&#803;i &#273;&#226;y</a>)</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9bfI!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22ffce4a-8dde-4641-a416-855f53ca55ad_429x615.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9bfI!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22ffce4a-8dde-4641-a416-855f53ca55ad_429x615.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9bfI!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22ffce4a-8dde-4641-a416-855f53ca55ad_429x615.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9bfI!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22ffce4a-8dde-4641-a416-855f53ca55ad_429x615.png 1272w, 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https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9bfI!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22ffce4a-8dde-4641-a416-855f53ca55ad_429x615.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9bfI!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22ffce4a-8dde-4641-a416-855f53ca55ad_429x615.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9bfI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22ffce4a-8dde-4641-a416-855f53ca55ad_429x615.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" 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x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Trang nh&#226;&#769;t cu&#777;a t&#417;&#768; ba&#769;o &#273;i&#803;a ph&#432;&#417;ng ta&#803;i bang Vermont, Hoa Ky&#768; v&#234;&#768; vu&#803; vi&#234;&#803;c (<a href="https://archive.org/details/vermontcynic_2006_2007">ngu&#244;&#768;n</a>)</figcaption></figure></div><p>M&#259;&#803;c du&#768; ca&#769;c c&#244;ng tri&#768;nh cu&#777;a &#244;ng ta &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c phu&#777; nh&#226;&#803;n, ca&#769;c ba&#768;i ba&#769;o khoa ho&#803;c cu&#777;a &#244;ng na&#768;y v&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c tri&#769;ch d&#226;&#771;n cho &#273;&#234;&#769;n hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i (trong ca&#777; ba&#768;i ba&#769;o t&#244;&#777;ng quan va&#768;o n&#259;m 2026).</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DYuM!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f70db5d-23ea-4db7-996c-78242d3e7d68_1074x157.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DYuM!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f70db5d-23ea-4db7-996c-78242d3e7d68_1074x157.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DYuM!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f70db5d-23ea-4db7-996c-78242d3e7d68_1074x157.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DYuM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f70db5d-23ea-4db7-996c-78242d3e7d68_1074x157.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DYuM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f70db5d-23ea-4db7-996c-78242d3e7d68_1074x157.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DYuM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f70db5d-23ea-4db7-996c-78242d3e7d68_1074x157.png" width="596" height="87.12476722532588" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f70db5d-23ea-4db7-996c-78242d3e7d68_1074x157.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:157,&quot;width&quot;:1074,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:596,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DYuM!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f70db5d-23ea-4db7-996c-78242d3e7d68_1074x157.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DYuM!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f70db5d-23ea-4db7-996c-78242d3e7d68_1074x157.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DYuM!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f70db5d-23ea-4db7-996c-78242d3e7d68_1074x157.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DYuM!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f70db5d-23ea-4db7-996c-78242d3e7d68_1074x157.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u cu&#777;a Poehlman &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c tri&#769;ch d&#226;&#771;n trong ba&#768;i ba&#769;o t&#244;&#777;ng quan b&#417;&#777;i &#8220;Marcenti va&#768; &#273;&#244;&#768;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p&#8221;</figcaption></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fcAU!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff4dca0c1-91ac-4ff8-b850-38ad49fd8565_1012x765.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fcAU!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff4dca0c1-91ac-4ff8-b850-38ad49fd8565_1012x765.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fcAU!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff4dca0c1-91ac-4ff8-b850-38ad49fd8565_1012x765.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fcAU!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff4dca0c1-91ac-4ff8-b850-38ad49fd8565_1012x765.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fcAU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff4dca0c1-91ac-4ff8-b850-38ad49fd8565_1012x765.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fcAU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff4dca0c1-91ac-4ff8-b850-38ad49fd8565_1012x765.png" width="502" height="379.47628458498025" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f4dca0c1-91ac-4ff8-b850-38ad49fd8565_1012x765.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:false,&quot;imageSize&quot;:&quot;normal&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:765,&quot;width&quot;:1012,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:502,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fcAU!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff4dca0c1-91ac-4ff8-b850-38ad49fd8565_1012x765.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fcAU!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff4dca0c1-91ac-4ff8-b850-38ad49fd8565_1012x765.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fcAU!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff4dca0c1-91ac-4ff8-b850-38ad49fd8565_1012x765.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fcAU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff4dca0c1-91ac-4ff8-b850-38ad49fd8565_1012x765.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Ngay ca&#777; khi m&#244;&#803;t nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u sinh bi&#803; tuy&#234;n a&#769;n vi&#768; gian l&#226;&#803;n trong nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u khoa ho&#803;c, ca&#769;c ta&#803;p chi&#769; khoa ho&#803;c co&#769; th&#234;&#777; m&#226;&#769;t r&#226;&#769;t l&#226;u &#273;&#234;&#777; thu h&#244;&#768;i nh&#432;&#771;ng ba&#768;i ba&#769;o li&#234;n quan &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c xu&#226;&#769;t ba&#777;n. Trong tr&#432;&#417;&#768;ng h&#417;&#803;p cu&#777;a Poehlman, chi&#777; m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u &#273;a&#771; xu&#226;&#769;t ba&#803;n d&#432;&#803;a tr&#234;n ha&#768;nh vi gian l&#226;&#803;n cu&#777;a &#244;ng na&#768;y m&#226;&#769;t &#273;&#234;&#769;n 12 n&#259;m &#273;&#234;&#777; bi&#803; thu h&#244;&#768;i/&#273;i&#769;nh chi&#769;nh chi&#769;nh th&#432;&#769;c, va&#768; hi&#234;&#803;n v&#226;&#771;n co&#768;n nh&#432;&#771;ng nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u ch&#432;a bi&#803; thu h&#244;&#768;i/&#273;i&#769;nh chi&#769;nh (<a href="https://retractionwatch.com/2017/06/21/12-years-researcher-found-guilty-misconduct-journal-retracts-paper/">ngu&#244;&#768;n</a>). </figcaption></figure></div><blockquote><p>&#272;&#259;&#803;c bi&#234;&#803;t v&#417;&#769;i kha&#777; n&#259;ng chia se&#777; nhanh cho&#769;ng va&#768; r&#244;&#803;ng ra&#771;i tr&#234;n ca&#769;c n&#234;&#768;n ta&#777;ng ma&#803;ng xa&#771; h&#244;&#803;i hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i, &#273;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng cu&#777;a m&#244;&#803;t nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c lan to&#777;a r&#244;&#803;ng ra&#771;i ngay ca&#777; khi no&#769; &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c thu h&#244;&#768;i. M&#244;&#803;t vi&#769; du&#803; g&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#226;y &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n trong <em>T&#226;&#803;p San S&#244;&#769; 04/2024</em>, li&#234;n quan &#273;&#234;&#769;n &#8216;ng&#226;m la&#803;nh&#8217; (<em>cold immersion</em>) va&#768; nh&#432;&#771;ng l&#417;&#803;i i&#769;ch no&#769; h&#432;&#769;a he&#803;n mang la&#803;i. </p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;7f342908-5a0b-4a96-b1c3-631a1879584f&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;D&#432;&#7899;i &#273;&#226;y l&#224; nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i vi&#7871;t v&#224; ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; s&#7869; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n trong th&#225;ng n&#224;y T&#7853;p San T3 Monthly Digest. C&#225;c b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; tra c&#7913;u nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i vi&#7871;t v&#224; ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n trong T&#7853;p San Th&#225;ng n&#224;y hay c&#225;c th&#225;ng tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#243; trong Danh m&#7909;c b&#224;i vi&#7871;t &#273;&#227; xu&#7845;t b&#7843;n.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;T&#7852;P SAN T3 DIGEST TH&#193;NG 04/2024&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:180133116,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;The Thinking Trainer&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Trang th&#244;ng tin, b&#224;i vi&#7871;t chuy&#234;n m&#244;n c&#7911;a The Thinking Trainer&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f878e649-bd67-4fac-9d1c-04cb3d98c0be_940x788.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2024-06-13T08:22:24.283Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ftjW!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F14786ac9-74e8-410b-9574-693c76fa2ce8_1600x785.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/tap-san-t3-digest-thang-042024&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;T&#7853;p San T3 Monthly Digest&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:145597998,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:1,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2081899,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;THE THINKING TRAINER&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JeF3!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0a5bedd-8a2d-4b73-a7d3-3b2cc703bec8_256x256.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div></blockquote><div class="pullquote"><p>No&#769;i ca&#769;ch kha&#769;c, ni&#234;&#768;m tin r&#259;&#768;ng &#8216;ma&#771;n kinh&#8217; &#273;&#259;&#803;t d&#226;&#769;u ch&#226;&#769;m h&#234;&#769;t cho ch&#432;&#769;c n&#259;ng chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a cu&#777;a n&#432;&#771; gi&#417;&#769;i xu&#226;&#769;t pha&#769;t t&#432;&#768; ca&#769;c d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c bi&#803;a &#273;&#259;&#803;t.</p></div><h1>&#8216;Ma&#771;n Kinh&#8217; va&#768; Chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a: D&#432;&#771; Ki&#234;&#803;n Tr&#234;n Ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i</h1><p>Khi nhi&#768;n va&#768;o ca&#769;c nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u minh ba&#803;ch va&#768; &#273;a&#769;ng tin c&#226;&#803;y &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n tr&#234;n ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i, gia&#777; thuy&#234;&#769;t &#8220;<em>su&#803;t gia&#777;m chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a do n&#244;&#803;i ti&#234;&#769;t</em>&#8221; su&#803;p &#273;&#244;&#777;.</p><ul><li><p>Ca&#769;c d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n c&#259;&#769;t ngang (&#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769; ta&#803;i m&#244;&#803;t th&#417;&#768;i &#273;i&#234;&#777;m) pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c kha&#769;c bi&#234;&#803;t &#273;a&#769;ng k&#234;&#777; v&#234;&#768; chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a theo &#273;&#244;&#803; tu&#244;&#777;i, nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng co&#769; kha&#769;c bi&#234;&#803;t na&#768;o d&#432;&#803;a tr&#234;n ti&#768;nh tra&#803;ng ma&#771;n kinh hay tri&#803; li&#234;&#803;u n&#244;&#803;i ti&#234;&#769;t t&#244;&#769;.</p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pbb_!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7391d2d8-c1cd-4c38-95b6-dc5bce3ddbd8_631x241.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pbb_!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7391d2d8-c1cd-4c38-95b6-dc5bce3ddbd8_631x241.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pbb_!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7391d2d8-c1cd-4c38-95b6-dc5bce3ddbd8_631x241.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pbb_!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7391d2d8-c1cd-4c38-95b6-dc5bce3ddbd8_631x241.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pbb_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7391d2d8-c1cd-4c38-95b6-dc5bce3ddbd8_631x241.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pbb_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7391d2d8-c1cd-4c38-95b6-dc5bce3ddbd8_631x241.png" width="567" height="216.55625990491285" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/7391d2d8-c1cd-4c38-95b6-dc5bce3ddbd8_631x241.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:241,&quot;width&quot;:631,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:567,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pbb_!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7391d2d8-c1cd-4c38-95b6-dc5bce3ddbd8_631x241.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pbb_!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7391d2d8-c1cd-4c38-95b6-dc5bce3ddbd8_631x241.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pbb_!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7391d2d8-c1cd-4c38-95b6-dc5bce3ddbd8_631x241.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pbb_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7391d2d8-c1cd-4c38-95b6-dc5bce3ddbd8_631x241.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">K&#234;&#769;t lu&#226;&#803;n ru&#769;t ra b&#417;&#777;i &#8220;<em><a href="https://jyx.jyu.fi/jyx/Record/jyx_123456789_86917#">Karppinen va&#768; &#273;&#244;&#768;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p</a></em>&#8221; d&#432;&#803;a tr&#234;n &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769; n&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng ti&#234;u hao khi nghi&#777; &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#273;i&#234;&#768;u chi&#777;nh theo l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng th&#226;n Na&#803;c va&#768; th&#226;n M&#417;&#771; (REE<sub>adj</sub> ), n&#244;&#768;ng &#273;&#244;&#803; hormone Estradiol (E2), FSH (hormone ki&#769;ch thi&#769;ch nang) cu&#777;a 120 n&#432;&#771; gi&#417;&#769;i, &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c chia va&#768;o 3 nho&#769;m tu&#244;&#777;i: 17-21, 22-38, 41-58 (&#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c chia s&#226;u h&#417;n theo th&#417;&#768;i &#273;i&#234;&#777;m trong qua&#769; tri&#768;nh ma&#771;n kinh va&#768; co&#769; (hay kh&#244;ng) tham gia tri&#803; li&#234;&#803;u n&#244;&#803;i ti&#234;&#769;t).</figcaption></figure></div><ul><li><p>Ca&#769;c d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n da&#768;i ha&#803;n (theo do&#771;i trong m&#244;&#803;t khoa&#777;ng th&#417;&#768;i gian da&#768;i) theo do&#771;i 102 phu&#803; n&#432;&#771; trong 5 n&#259;m di&#234;&#771;n ra qua&#769; tri&#768;nh ma&#771;n kinh cu&#777;a ho&#803;, ghi nh&#226;&#803;n kh&#244;ng co&#769; s&#432;&#803; su&#803;t gia&#777;m na&#768;o v&#234;&#768; t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a khi nghi&#777; (<em>resting metabolic rate</em>/RMR); th&#226;&#803;m chi&#769; nh&#432;&#771;ng phu&#803; n&#432;&#771; ti&#234;&#768;n ma&#771;n kinh co&#768;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ghi nh&#226;&#803;n co&#769; <em>t&#259;ng</em> RMR m&#244;&#803;t chu&#769;t.</p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndUt!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff90f4357-e5f4-445e-9a41-fb680ca75ba0_1920x1080.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndUt!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff90f4357-e5f4-445e-9a41-fb680ca75ba0_1920x1080.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndUt!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff90f4357-e5f4-445e-9a41-fb680ca75ba0_1920x1080.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndUt!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff90f4357-e5f4-445e-9a41-fb680ca75ba0_1920x1080.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndUt!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff90f4357-e5f4-445e-9a41-fb680ca75ba0_1920x1080.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndUt!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff90f4357-e5f4-445e-9a41-fb680ca75ba0_1920x1080.png" width="1456" height="819" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndUt!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff90f4357-e5f4-445e-9a41-fb680ca75ba0_1920x1080.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndUt!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff90f4357-e5f4-445e-9a41-fb680ca75ba0_1920x1080.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndUt!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff90f4357-e5f4-445e-9a41-fb680ca75ba0_1920x1080.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndUt!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff90f4357-e5f4-445e-9a41-fb680ca75ba0_1920x1080.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">To&#769;m t&#259;&#769;t pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n va&#768; k&#234;&#769;t lu&#226;&#803;n b&#417;&#777;i &#8220;<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23422924/">Duval va&#768; &#273;&#244;&#768;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p</a>&#8221;:1) t&#244;&#777;ng n&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng ti&#234;u hao ha&#768;ng nga&#768;y gia&#777;m &#273;a&#769;ng k&#234;&#777; &#417;&#777; nh&#432;&#771;ng phu&#803; n&#432;&#771; &#273;a&#771; ma&#771;n kinh, chu&#777; y&#234;&#769;u do su&#803;t gia&#777;m n&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng ti&#234;u hao t&#432;&#768; v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng th&#234;&#777; ch&#226;&#769;t, 2) nh&#432;&#771;ng phu&#803; n&#432;&#771; duy tri&#768; tra&#803;ng tha&#769;i ti&#234;&#768;n ma&#771;n kinh &#273;&#234;&#769;n n&#259;m th&#432;&#769; 5 &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ghi nh&#226;&#803;n t&#259;ng nhe&#803; n&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng ti&#234;u hao khi nghi&#777; (REE, hi&#768;nh b&#234;n pha&#777;i); 3) th&#417;&#768;i gian hoa&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803;ng th&#234;&#777; ch&#226;&#769;t c&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#244;&#803; trung bi&#768;nh gia&#777;m xu&#244;&#769;ng va&#768; th&#417;&#768;i gian kh&#244;ng v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng t&#259;ng l&#234;n trong giai &#273;oa&#803;n ti&#234;&#768;n ma&#771;n kinh.</figcaption></figure></div><p>H&#417;n n&#432;&#771;a, khi no&#769; xa&#777;y ra, hi&#234;&#803;n t&#432;&#417;&#803;ng su&#803;t gia&#777;m v&#234;&#768; t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a theo tu&#244;&#777;i ta&#769;c xa&#777;y ra kh&#244;ng ph&#226;n bi&#234;&#803;t gi&#417;&#769;i ti&#769;nh. &#272;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ghi nh&#226;&#803;n trong c&#244;ng tri&#768;nh &#273;&#244;&#768; s&#244;&#803; b&#417;&#777;i &#8220;<em><a href="https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abe5017">Pontzer va&#768; &#273;&#244;&#768;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p</a></em>&#8221; xu&#226;&#769;t ba&#777;n n&#259;m 2021 ph&#226;n ti&#769;ch d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n cu&#777;a 6421 ca&#769; nh&#226;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n t&#432;&#768; 29 qu&#244;&#769;c gia, s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng ph&#432;&#417;ng pha&#769;p &#8216;DLW&#8217; (<em>Doubly Labeled Water</em>, ph&#432;&#417;ng a&#769;n &#8216;chu&#226;&#777;n va&#768;ng&#8217; cu&#777;a theo do&#771;i n&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng ti&#234;u hao trong &#273;i&#234;&#768;u ki&#234;&#803;n sinh hoa&#803;t t&#432;&#803; do). </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R8AR!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2560094-6acf-49e3-b925-45fd477c142a_1204x693.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R8AR!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2560094-6acf-49e3-b925-45fd477c142a_1204x693.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R8AR!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2560094-6acf-49e3-b925-45fd477c142a_1204x693.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R8AR!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2560094-6acf-49e3-b925-45fd477c142a_1204x693.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R8AR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2560094-6acf-49e3-b925-45fd477c142a_1204x693.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R8AR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2560094-6acf-49e3-b925-45fd477c142a_1204x693.png" width="634" height="364.9186046511628" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R8AR!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2560094-6acf-49e3-b925-45fd477c142a_1204x693.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R8AR!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2560094-6acf-49e3-b925-45fd477c142a_1204x693.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R8AR!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2560094-6acf-49e3-b925-45fd477c142a_1204x693.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R8AR!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff2560094-6acf-49e3-b925-45fd477c142a_1204x693.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Tri&#769;ch t&#432;&#768; ph&#226;&#768;n tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n n&#244;&#803;i dung cu&#777;a nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u b&#417;&#777;i &#8220;<em><a href="https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abe5017">Pontzer va&#768; &#273;&#244;&#768;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p</a></em>&#8221; trong <a href="https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/tap-san-chuyen-mon-phat-hanh-hang?r=2z8vlo&amp;utm_campaign=post&amp;utm_medium=web">T&#226;&#803;p San</a> S&#244;&#769; 01/2022.</figcaption></figure></div><p>Ca&#769;c ta&#769;c gia&#777; pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c:</p><ul><li><p>Sau khi &#273;a&#771; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u chi&#777;nh theo l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng th&#226;n Na&#803;c (<em>fat-free mass</em>/FFM) va&#768; th&#226;n M&#417;&#771;, t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c duy tri&#768; &#244;&#777;n &#273;i&#803;nh kh&#244;ng gia&#777;m t&#432;&#768; tu&#244;&#777;i 20 &#273;&#234;&#769;n 60.</p></li></ul><ul><li><p>Kh&#244;ng co&#769; b&#226;&#769;t c&#432;&#769; s&#432;&#803; su&#803;t gia&#777;m na&#768;o v&#234;&#768; n&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng ti&#234;u hao &#417;&#777; &#273;&#244;&#803; tu&#244;&#777;i cu&#244;&#769;i 40 va&#768; &#273;&#226;&#768;u 50 - khoa&#777;ng th&#417;&#768;i gian ma&#768; &#8216;ti&#234;&#768;n ma&#771;n kinh&#8217; xa&#777;y ra.</p></li><li><p>Nam gi&#417;&#769;i va&#768; n&#432;&#771; gi&#417;&#769;i co&#769; xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i v&#234;&#768; chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a g&#226;&#768;n nh&#432; gi&#244;&#769;ng h&#234;&#803;t nhau, sau khi &#273;a&#771; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u chi&#777;nh theo tha&#768;nh ph&#226;&#768;n hi&#768;nh th&#234;&#777;.</p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pRJu!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc276156f-9860-4245-bc19-7ce8b64a131c_2048x1301.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pRJu!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc276156f-9860-4245-bc19-7ce8b64a131c_2048x1301.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pRJu!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc276156f-9860-4245-bc19-7ce8b64a131c_2048x1301.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pRJu!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc276156f-9860-4245-bc19-7ce8b64a131c_2048x1301.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pRJu!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc276156f-9860-4245-bc19-7ce8b64a131c_2048x1301.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pRJu!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc276156f-9860-4245-bc19-7ce8b64a131c_2048x1301.png" width="1456" height="925" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c276156f-9860-4245-bc19-7ce8b64a131c_2048x1301.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:925,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pRJu!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc276156f-9860-4245-bc19-7ce8b64a131c_2048x1301.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pRJu!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc276156f-9860-4245-bc19-7ce8b64a131c_2048x1301.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pRJu!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc276156f-9860-4245-bc19-7ce8b64a131c_2048x1301.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pRJu!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc276156f-9860-4245-bc19-7ce8b64a131c_2048x1301.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Ghi nh&#226;&#803;n b&#417;&#777;i &#8220;<em><a href="https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abe5017">Pontzer va&#768; &#273;&#244;&#768;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p</a></em>&#8221;: Bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng (A) t&#7893;ng n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng ti&#234;u hao (TEE) va&#768; (B) n&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng ti&#234;u hao c&#417; s&#417;&#777; (BEE) sau khi &#273;&#227; &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh theo l&#432;&#7907;ng th&#226;n N&#7841;c v&#224; th&#226;n M&#7905;; (C) Bi&#234;&#769;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng n&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng ti&#234;u hao c&#417; s&#417;&#777; trong th&#7901;i k&#236; thai s&#7843;n; (D) Xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng bi&#234;&#769;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng TEE va&#768; BEE trong toa&#768;n b&#244;&#803; vo&#768;ng &#273;&#417;&#768;i con ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i.</figcaption></figure></div><h1>N&#234;&#769;u Kh&#244;ng Vi&#768; Chuy&#234;&#777;n Ho&#769;a Kh&#244;ng Gia&#777;m, Th&#432;&#769; Gi&#768; G&#226;y T&#259;ng C&#226;n?</h1><p>T&#259;ng c&#226;n trong qua&#769; tri&#768;nh ma&#771;n kinh la&#768; co&#769; th&#226;&#803;t, nh&#432;ng no&#769; bi&#803; thu&#769;c &#273;&#226;&#777;y b&#417;&#777;i ca&#769;c y&#234;&#769;u t&#244;&#769; gia&#769;n ti&#234;&#769;p, thay vi&#768; t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a bi&#803; &#8216;l&#244;&#771;i&#8217;:</p><ul><li><p><em><strong>Su&#803;t gia&#777;m l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng th&#226;n Na&#803;c</strong></em>: l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p suy gia&#777;m t&#432;&#803; nhi&#234;n cu&#768;ng v&#417;&#769;i tu&#244;&#777;i ta&#769;c va&#768; tho&#769;i quen i&#769;t v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng, d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n la&#768;m gia&#777;m n&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng ti&#234;u hao khi nghi&#777;.</p></li><li><p><em><strong>A&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng b&#417;&#777;i ca&#769;c tri&#234;&#803;u ch&#432;&#769;ng ma&#771;n kinh nghi&#234;m tro&#803;ng</strong></em>: b&#244;&#769;c ho&#777;a, gi&#226;&#769;c ngu&#777; ke&#769;m, lo &#226;u, va&#768; t&#226;m tra&#803;ng sa su&#769;t a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng n&#259;&#803;ng n&#234;&#768; &#273;&#234;&#769;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng l&#432;&#803;c t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n va&#768; s&#432;&#803; tu&#226;n thu&#777; dinh d&#432;&#417;&#771;ng.</p></li><li><p><em><strong>Thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i trong l&#244;&#769;i s&#244;&#769;ng</strong></em>: nh&#432;&#771;ng thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i v&#234;&#768; m&#244;i tr&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#417;&#777; tu&#244;&#777;i trung ni&#234;n th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n gia&#777;m ca&#769;c hoa&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803;ng th&#234;&#777; ch&#226;&#769;t ngoa&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n (<em>non-exercise activity</em>), d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n gia&#777;m ti&#234;u hao n&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng no&#769;i chung (t&#432;&#768; NEAT).</p></li></ul><p>Nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n th&#432;&#803;c s&#432;&#803; &#273;&#234;&#769;n t&#432;&#768; <strong><mark data-color="#ffff00" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng th&#226;n Na&#803;c</mark></strong>:</p><ul><li><p>Hoa&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803;ng chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a cu&#777;a ba&#803;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c quy&#234;&#769;t &#273;i&#803;nh chu&#777; y&#234;&#769;u b&#417;&#777;i tha&#768;nh ph&#226;&#768;n c&#417; th&#234;&#777;, kh&#244;ng pha&#777;i b&#417;&#777;i m&#432;&#769;c Estrogen hay FSH.</p></li><li><p>&#8216;Ma&#771;n kinh&#8217; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i s&#432;&#803; ph&#226;n b&#244;&#769; &#273;i&#234;&#777;m ti&#769;ch tr&#432;&#771; m&#417;&#771; tr&#234;n c&#417; th&#234;&#777; (chuy&#234;&#777;n sang ti&#769;ch m&#417;&#771; nhi&#234;&#768;u h&#417;n &#417;&#777; vu&#768;ng bu&#803;ng), nh&#432;ng no&#769; kh&#244;ng la&#768;m thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i ca&#769;c quy lu&#226;&#803;t c&#417; ba&#777;n cu&#777;a nhi&#234;&#803;t-&#273;&#244;&#803;ng ho&#803;c.</p></li><li><p><em><mark data-color="#ffff00" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">K&#234;&#769;t lu&#226;&#803;n then ch&#244;&#769;t</mark></em><mark data-color="#ffff00" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">: </mark><strong><mark data-color="#ffff00" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Ba&#803;n kh&#244;ng chi&#803;u s&#432;&#803; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u khi&#234;&#777;n b&#417;&#777;i hormone, ma&#768; hoa&#768;n toa&#768;n n&#259;&#769;m quy&#234;&#768;n ki&#234;&#777;m soa&#769;t s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a cu&#777;a ba&#777;n th&#226;n</mark></strong><mark data-color="#ffff00" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 0); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">.</mark></p></li></ul><div><hr></div><blockquote><p><em>Nh&#432;&#771;ng l&#226;&#768;m t&#432;&#417;&#777;ng ph&#244;&#777; bi&#234;&#769;n xoay quanh hi&#234;&#803;n t&#432;&#417;&#803;ng &#8216;ma&#771;n kinh&#8217; &#417;&#777; n&#432;&#771; gi&#417;&#769;i &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n chi ti&#234;&#769;t trong T&#226;&#803;p San S&#244;&#769; 05/2025.</em></p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;3cc2f430-30ec-429c-a450-19d7a0085751&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;D&#432;&#7899;i &#273;&#226;y l&#224; nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i vi&#7871;t v&#224; ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; s&#7869; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n trong th&#225;ng n&#224;y T&#7853;p San T3 Monthly Digest. C&#225;c b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; tra c&#7913;u nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i vi&#7871;t v&#224; ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n trong T&#7853;p San Th&#225;ng n&#224;y hay c&#225;c th&#225;ng tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#243; trong Danh m&#7909;c b&#224;i vi&#7871;t &#273;&#227; xu&#7845;t b&#7843;n.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;T&#7852;P SAN T3 DIGEST S&#212;&#769; 05/2025&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:180133116,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;The Thinking Trainer&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Trang th&#244;ng tin, b&#224;i vi&#7871;t chuy&#234;n m&#244;n c&#7911;a The Thinking Trainer&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f878e649-bd67-4fac-9d1c-04cb3d98c0be_940x788.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-10-29T12:16:19.293Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vF5s!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5a3571c5-120c-492d-956e-a9d3498594f7_1919x927.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/tap-san-t3-digest-thang-052025&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;T&#7853;p San T3 Monthly Digest&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:177461398,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:1,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2081899,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;THE THINKING TRAINER&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JeF3!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0a5bedd-8a2d-4b73-a7d3-3b2cc703bec8_256x256.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div></blockquote>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[[PHẦN 3] Giải thích về Đau (Dịch sách Explain Pain - Second Edition)]]></title><description><![CDATA[T&#225;c gi&#7843;: David Butler & Lorimer Moseley | Minh h&#7885;a: Sunyata]]></description><link>https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/phan-3-giai-thich-ve-au-dich-sach</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/phan-3-giai-thich-ve-au-dich-sach</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[The Thinking Trainer]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 25 May 2026 15:57:19 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!up54!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe8685446-6a94-44fb-b7dd-d5dd2a22946c_1178x806.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>PH&#7846;N 2: H&#7878; TH&#7888;NG B&#193;O &#272;&#7896;NG V&#7872; S&#7920; NGUY HI&#7874;M TUY&#7878;T V&#7900;I C&#7910;A B&#7840;N </strong></p><p>Qua h&#224;ng ng&#224;n n&#259;m, ch&#250;ng ta &#273;&#227; ti&#7871;n h&#243;a m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng c&#7843;m gi&#225;c &#273;&#225;ng kinh ng&#7841;c, li&#234;n t&#7909;c ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n ra nh&#7919;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i d&#249; l&#224; nh&#7887; nh&#7845;t trong c&#417; th&#7875; v&#224; b&#225;o c&#225;o v&#7873; n&#227;o b&#7897;. H&#7847;u nh&#432; l&#250;c n&#224;o b&#7897; n&#227;o c&#361;ng ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i l&#7841;i nh&#7919;ng t&#237;n hi&#7879;u n&#224;y m&#224; ch&#250;ng ta kh&#244;ng h&#7873; nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c. M&#7897;t th&#224;nh ph&#7847;n quan tr&#7885;ng c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng c&#7843;m gi&#225;c n&#224;y ch&#237;nh l&#224; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng b&#225;o &#273;&#7897;ng nguy hi&#7875;m &#8211; m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng c&#7921;c k&#7923; tinh vi gi&#250;p ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n ra nh&#7919;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i &#273;&#7911; l&#7899;n &#273;&#7875; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh m&#7889;i &#273;e d&#7885;a.</p><p>&#272;&#226;y ch&#237;nh l&#224; c&#225;ch n&#227;o b&#7897; c&#7911;a ch&#250;ng ta &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#7843;nh b&#225;o. H&#7879; th&#7889;ng n&#224;y s&#7869; b&#225;o cho n&#227;o bi&#7871;t v&#7883; tr&#237; nguy hi&#7875;m &#273;ang n&#7857;m &#7903; &#273;&#226;u tr&#234;n c&#417; th&#7875;, m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; v&#224; b&#7843;n ch&#7845;t c&#7911;a m&#7889;i nguy hi&#7875;m &#273;&#243; (v&#237; d&#7909;: ph&#226;n bi&#7879;t gi&#7919;a m&#7897;t v&#7871;t b&#7887;ng v&#224; m&#7897;t c&#225;i v&#233;o). B&#7841;n h&#227;y bi&#7871;t &#417;n h&#7879; th&#7889;ng b&#225;o &#273;&#7897;ng n&#224;y c&#7911;a m&#236;nh. M&#7897;t s&#7889; c&#259;n b&#7879;nh v&#224; ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224;m h&#7887;ng h&#7879; th&#7889;ng b&#225;o &#273;&#7897;ng (v&#237; d&#7909;: b&#7879;nh ti&#7875;u &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng ho&#7863;c m&#7897;t s&#7889; d&#7841;ng ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng c&#7893; whiplash). H&#7853;u qu&#7843; c&#7911;a vi&#7879;c n&#224;y c&#243; th&#7875; r&#7845;t t&#7891;i t&#7879;, ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; trong b&#7879;nh phong &#8211; c&#259;n b&#7879;nh n&#7893;i ti&#7871;ng v&#7899;i bi&#7871;n ch&#7913;ng ho&#7841;i t&#7917;, m&#7845;t chi v&#224; bi&#7871;n d&#7841;ng &#8211; th&#7921;c ch&#7845;t l&#224; do s&#7921; th&#7845;t b&#7841;i c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng b&#225;o &#273;&#7897;ng. C&#243; nh&#7919;ng tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p hi&#7871;m hoi ng&#432;&#7901;i ta sinh ra v&#7899;i m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n nguy hi&#7875;m b&#7883; l&#7895;i, v&#224; &#273;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; c&#7921;c k&#7923; nghi&#234;m tr&#7885;ng v&#236; h&#7885; s&#7869; kh&#244;ng c&#7843;m th&#7845;y &#273;au khi c&#417; th&#7875; th&#7921;c s&#7921; g&#7863;p nguy hi&#7875;m. Nh&#7919;ng t&#236;nh tr&#7841;ng &#273;e d&#7885;a t&#237;nh m&#7841;ng nh&#432; vi&#234;m ru&#7897;t th&#7915;a c&#7845;p t&#237;nh c&#243; th&#7875; kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n, v&#224; nh&#7919;ng tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p n&#224;y nh&#7855;c nh&#7903; ch&#250;ng ta r&#7857;ng: m&#7863;c d&#249; c&#417;n &#273;au th&#432;&#7901;ng r&#7845;t kh&#243; ch&#7883;u, nh&#432;ng t&#7845;t c&#7843; ch&#250;ng ta &#273;&#7873;u c&#7847;n c&#243; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng b&#225;o &#273;au.</p><p>H&#7879; th&#7889;ng b&#225;o &#273;&#7897;ng c&#242;n c&#243; nh&#7919;ng h&#7879; th&#7889;ng d&#7921; ph&#242;ng r&#7845;t tuy&#7879;t v&#7901;i. Th&#7883; gi&#225;c, kh&#7913;u gi&#225;c, th&#237;nh gi&#225;c v&#224; v&#7883; gi&#225;c k&#7871;t h&#7907;p l&#7841;i v&#7899;i nhau &#273;&#7875; gi&#7919; cho c&#417; th&#7875; kh&#244;ng t&#7921; h&#7911;y ho&#7841;i. M&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng l&#7907;i th&#7871; ch&#237;nh c&#7911;a con ng&#432;&#7901;i so v&#7899;i ph&#7847;n c&#242;n l&#7841;i c&#7911;a th&#7871; gi&#7899;i &#273;&#7897;ng v&#7853;t l&#224; ch&#250;ng ta c&#243; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng d&#7921; &#273;o&#225;n t&#432;&#417;ng lai. Ch&#250;ng ta c&#243; th&#7875; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng k&#253; &#7913;c v&#224; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng suy lu&#7853;n c&#7911;a m&#236;nh &#273;&#7875; n&#233; tr&#225;nh r&#7911;i ro t&#7915; tr&#432;&#7899;c khi n&#243; th&#7921;c s&#7921; x&#7843;y ra.</p><p>Th&#7871; gi&#7899;i ngo&#224;i kia &#273;&#7847;y r&#7851;y hi&#7875;m nguy v&#224; c&#417; th&#7875; &#273;ang c&#7889; g&#7855;ng gi&#250;p &#273;&#7905; ch&#250;ng ta nhi&#7873;u nh&#7845;t c&#243; th&#7875;. H&#7879; th&#7889;ng b&#225;o &#273;&#7897;ng c&#7847;n ph&#7843;i c&#243; m&#7897;t trung t&#226;m ch&#7881; huy, v&#224; r&#245; r&#224;ng &#273;&#243; ch&#237;nh l&#224; n&#227;o b&#7897;. Gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; vi&#7879;c b&#7841;n c&#7845;t gi&#7919; nh&#7919;ng m&#243;n &#273;&#7891; qu&#253; gi&#225; nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a m&#236;nh trong m&#7897;t chi&#7871;c k&#233;t s&#7855;t c&#243; b&#225;o &#273;&#7897;ng v&#224; &#273;&#7879;m l&#243;t m&#7873;m m&#7841;i, trung t&#226;m ch&#7881; huy b&#225;o &#273;&#7897;ng c&#361;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7863;t &#7903; n&#417;i an to&#224;n nh&#7845;t trong c&#417; th&#7875;: h&#7897;p s&#7885; b&#7857;ng x&#432;&#417;ng v&#7919;ng ch&#7855;c (x&#432;&#417;ng s&#7885; l&#224; m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng lo&#7841;i x&#432;&#417;ng c&#7913;ng nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a ch&#250;ng ta) v&#224; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c bao b&#7885;c trong m&#7897;t m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7879;m th&#7911;y l&#7921;c. Ngo&#224;i ra c&#242;n c&#243; c&#225;c trung t&#226;m ch&#7881; huy ph&#7909; kh&#225;c c&#361;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7863;t &#7903; nh&#7919;ng n&#417;i kh&#225; an to&#224;n, n&#7857;m d&#7885;c theo c&#225;c &#273;&#7889;t s&#7889;ng. L&#7845;y v&#237; d&#7909; khi m&#7897;t v&#7871;t &#273;&#7913;t tay do gi&#7845;y l&#224;m t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng m&#7897;t s&#7889; m&#244; tr&#234;n da, n&#243; s&#7869; gi&#243;ng l&#234;n m&#7897;t v&#224;i h&#7891;i chu&#244;ng b&#225;o &#273;&#7897;ng. Tuy nhi&#234;n, m&#7885;i th&#7913; ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p h&#417;n th&#7871;; ti&#7871;ng chu&#244;ng b&#225;o &#273;&#7897;ng reo l&#234;n kh&#244;ng nh&#7845;t thi&#7871;t c&#243; ngh&#297;a l&#224; b&#7841;n s&#7869; c&#7843;m th&#7845;y &#273;au.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Yuqy!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02843b95-5d9e-4a9f-96b7-18ea2d44ca8b_566x532.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Yuqy!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02843b95-5d9e-4a9f-96b7-18ea2d44ca8b_566x532.png 424w, 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Yuqy!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02843b95-5d9e-4a9f-96b7-18ea2d44ca8b_566x532.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Yuqy!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02843b95-5d9e-4a9f-96b7-18ea2d44ca8b_566x532.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Yuqy!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02843b95-5d9e-4a9f-96b7-18ea2d44ca8b_566x532.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Yuqy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F02843b95-5d9e-4a9f-96b7-18ea2d44ca8b_566x532.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n &#273;&#7863;t tay l&#234;n m&#7897;t b&#7873; m&#7863;t n&#243;ng, h&#417;i n&#243;ng t&#259;ng d&#7847;n s&#7869; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u rung l&#234;n m&#7897;t v&#224;i ti&#7871;ng chu&#244;ng v&#224; m&#7897;t v&#224;i th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p c&#7843;nh b&#225;o nguy hi&#7875;m s&#7855;p x&#7843;y ra s&#7869; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c g&#7917;i &#273;i t&#7915; da tay c&#7911;a b&#7841;n. Qu&#225; tr&#236;nh &#273;&#7875; cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng c&#243; th&#7875; bi&#7871;n nh&#7919;ng th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p nguy hi&#7875;m n&#224;y th&#224;nh c&#7843;m gi&#225;c &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n th&#7921;c ch&#7845;t ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p h&#417;n r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u. &#7902; ph&#7847;n ti&#7871;p theo, ch&#250;ng ta s&#7869; c&#249;ng soi d&#432;&#7899;i k&#237;nh hi&#7875;n vi &#273;&#7875; t&#236;m hi&#7875;u h&#7879; th&#7889;ng b&#225;o &#273;&#7897;ng &#273;&#225;ng kinh ng&#7841;c &#273;ang t&#7891;n t&#7841;i trong m&#7895;i ch&#250;ng ta.</p><p><strong>NH&#204;N C&#7852;N C&#7842;NH C&#193;C T&#205;N HI&#7878;U B&#193;O &#272;&#7896;NG (A CLOSER LOOK AT ALARM SIGNALS)</strong></p><p>Xuy&#234;n su&#7889;t to&#224;n b&#7897; h&#7879; th&#7847;n kinh c&#7911;a b&#7841;n l&#224; h&#224;ng tri&#7879;u c&#225;c &#8220;c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n&#8221; (sensors). Ch&#250;ng gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; nh&#7919;ng ph&#243;ng vi&#234;n nh&#7887; li&#234;n t&#7909;c &#8220;&#273;&#225;nh h&#417;i&#8221; v&#224; kh&#7843;o s&#225;t khu v&#7921;c c&#7911;a m&#236;nh &#273;&#7875; t&#236;m ki&#7871;m nh&#7919;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng b&#7845;t th&#432;&#7901;ng. Nh&#7919;ng c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n n&#224;y n&#7857;m tr&#234;n th&#224;nh v&#224; &#7903; ph&#7847;n &#273;u&#244;i c&#7911;a c&#225;c t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh (neuron), cung c&#7845;p cho neuron kh&#7843; n&#259;ng truy&#7873;n t&#7843;i th&#244;ng tin. C&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n n&#224;y c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c chuy&#234;n bi&#7879;t h&#243;a r&#7845;t cao: m&#7897;t s&#7889; s&#7869; ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i l&#7921;c c&#417; h&#7885;c (M - Mechanical) nh&#432; l&#7921;c v&#233;o ho&#7863;c &#225;p l&#7921;c; m&#7897;t s&#7889; kh&#225;c ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i s&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i nhi&#7879;t &#273;&#7897; (T - Temperature), k&#7875; c&#7843; n&#243;ng v&#224; l&#7841;nh; v&#224; s&#7889; kh&#225;c n&#7919;a l&#7841;i ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i s&#7921; hi&#7879;n di&#7879;n c&#7911;a c&#225;c thay &#273;&#7893;i h&#243;a h&#7885;c (C - Chemical) t&#7915; b&#234;n ngo&#224;i (v&#237; d&#7909;: c&#226;y t&#7847;m ma, ch&#7845;t g&#226;y d&#7883; &#7913;ng) ho&#7863;c t&#7915; b&#234;n trong c&#417; th&#7875; b&#7841;n (c&#225;c h&#243;a ch&#7845;t do t&#7871; b&#224;o gi&#7843;i ph&#243;ng, ho&#7863;c mang trong ch&#7845;t l&#7887;ng c&#7911;a c&#417; th&#7875; nh&#432; axit lactic)</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GJd_!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb937ad94-851a-4f95-b785-a797dc131529_1186x578.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GJd_!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb937ad94-851a-4f95-b785-a797dc131529_1186x578.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GJd_!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb937ad94-851a-4f95-b785-a797dc131529_1186x578.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GJd_!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb937ad94-851a-4f95-b785-a797dc131529_1186x578.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GJd_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb937ad94-851a-4f95-b785-a797dc131529_1186x578.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GJd_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb937ad94-851a-4f95-b785-a797dc131529_1186x578.png" width="472" height="230.03035413153458" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b937ad94-851a-4f95-b785-a797dc131529_1186x578.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:578,&quot;width&quot;:1186,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:472,&quot;bytes&quot;:270838,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/199199141?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb937ad94-851a-4f95-b785-a797dc131529_1186x578.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GJd_!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb937ad94-851a-4f95-b785-a797dc131529_1186x578.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GJd_!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb937ad94-851a-4f95-b785-a797dc131529_1186x578.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GJd_!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb937ad94-851a-4f95-b785-a797dc131529_1186x578.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!GJd_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb937ad94-851a-4f95-b785-a797dc131529_1186x578.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Khi c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n n&#224;y ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i m&#7897;t k&#237;ch th&#237;ch, ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; axit ho&#7863;c m&#7897;t c&#225;i v&#233;o, ch&#250;ng s&#7869; m&#7903; ra &#273;&#7875; c&#225;c h&#7841;t mang &#273;i&#7879;n t&#237;ch d&#432;&#417;ng t&#7915; b&#234;n ngo&#224;i lao v&#224;o b&#234;n trong t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh. Qu&#225; tr&#236;nh n&#224;y thi&#7871;t l&#7853;p m&#7897;t xung &#273;i&#7879;n b&#234;n trong neuron. Nh&#7919;ng c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n n&#224;y, c&#249;ng v&#7899;i c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n trong m&#7855;t (chuy&#234;n ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i &#225;nh s&#225;ng), tai (chuy&#234;n ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i s&#243;ng &#226;m) v&#224; m&#361;i (chuy&#234;n ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i c&#225;c h&#243;a ch&#7845;t trong kh&#244;ng kh&#237;), ch&#237;nh l&#224; tuy&#7871;n ph&#242;ng th&#7911; &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n c&#7911;a b&#7841;n ch&#7889;ng l&#7841;i c&#225;c t&#225;c h&#7841;i ti&#7873;m &#7849;n. N&#227;o b&#7897; c&#7911;a b&#7841;n s&#7869; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#7843;nh b&#225;o v&#7873; nh&#7919;ng k&#237;ch th&#237;ch nguy hi&#7875;m nh&#7845;t, v&#224; n&#7871;u m&#7897;t lo&#7841;i c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n b&#7883; h&#7887;ng, lo&#7841;i c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n kh&#225;c c&#243; th&#7875; s&#7869; ti&#7871;p qu&#7843;n nhi&#7879;m v&#7909; &#273;&#243;.</p><p>Kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; c&#243; c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n m&#7899;i mang t&#237;nh chuy&#234;n bi&#7879;t, m&#224; b&#7843;n th&#226;n c&#225;c t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh ch&#7913;a ch&#250;ng c&#361;ng c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c chuy&#234;n bi&#7879;t h&#243;a. V&#237; d&#7909;, xung &#273;i&#7879;n &#7903; m&#7897;t s&#7889; t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh c&#243; th&#7875; di chuy&#7875;n v&#7899;i t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; 150 km/h, trong khi &#7903; nh&#7919;ng t&#7871; b&#224;o kh&#225;c ch&#7881; l&#224; 1 km/h. Tuy nhi&#234;n, l&#432;&#7907;ng th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p m&#224; c&#225;c t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh n&#224;y cung c&#7845;p cho h&#7879; th&#7847;n kinh trung &#432;&#417;ng l&#7841;i kh&#225; h&#7841;n ch&#7871;. V&#237; d&#7909;, t&#7911;y s&#7889;ng ch&#7881; nh&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nh&#7919;ng th&#244;ng b&#225;o ki&#7875;u nh&#432; &#8216;nhi&#7879;t &#273;&#7897; &#273;ang t&#259;ng l&#234;n &#7903; khu v&#7921;c c&#7911;a t&#244;i&#8217;, ho&#7863;c &#8216;m&#7913;c axit t&#259;ng l&#234;n &#7903; khu v&#7921;c c&#7911;a t&#244;i&#8217;, hay &#8216;NGUY HI&#7874;M! &#7903; khu v&#7921;c c&#7911;a t&#244;i&#8217;. Nh&#7919;ng c&#7843;m gi&#225;c ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p m&#224; ch&#250;ng ta nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nh&#432; &#8216;b&#7883; r&#225;ch&#8217;, &#8216;b&#7883; k&#233;o c&#259;ng&#8217;, &#8216;&#273;au nh&#7913;c&#8217; hay &#8216;&#273;au &#273;&#7899;n t&#7897;t c&#249;ng&#8217; th&#7921;c ch&#7845;t l&#224; do n&#227;o b&#7897; ki&#7871;n t&#7841;o n&#234;n. Qu&#225; tr&#236;nh ki&#7871;n t&#7841;o n&#224;y d&#7921;a tr&#234;n vi&#7879;c n&#227;o &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; t&#7845;t c&#7843; c&#225;c th&#244;ng tin m&#224; n&#243; c&#243; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c, ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; d&#7921;a v&#224;o m&#7895;i c&#225;c th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p b&#225;o nguy hi&#7875;m.</p><p><strong>Nh&#7919;ng th&#244;ng tin quan tr&#7885;ng v&#7873; c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n:</strong></p><ol><li><p>H&#7847;u h&#7871;t c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7873;u n&#7857;m trong n&#227;o b&#7897; c&#7911;a b&#7841;n. Nh&#7919;ng c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n n&#224;y &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i s&#7921; k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t b&#7857;ng h&#243;a h&#7885;c. M&#7885;i lo&#7841;i suy ngh&#297; &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224;m rung l&#234;n nh&#7919;ng h&#7891;i chu&#244;ng b&#225;o &#273;&#7897;ng trong n&#227;o, gi&#7889;ng h&#7879;t nh&#432; c&#225;ch m&#224; c&#226;y t&#7847;m ma hay c&#225;c k&#237;ch th&#237;ch kh&#225;c c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224;m rung chu&#244;ng b&#225;o &#273;&#7897;ng &#7903; c&#225;c d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh ngo&#7841;i bi&#234;n.</p></li><li><p>Khi b&#7841;n quan s&#225;t t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh d&#432;&#7899;i k&#237;nh hi&#7875;n vi, b&#7841;n s&#7869; th&#7845;y c&#243; r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng di&#7877;n ra t&#7841;i c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n. M&#7897;t c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n c&#417; h&#7885;c c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#7903; ho&#7863;c &#273;&#243;ng l&#7841;i b&#7903;i c&#225;c h&#243;a ch&#7845;t c&#7909; th&#7875;. V&#237; d&#7909;, n&#7871;u b&#7841;n &#273;&#7871;n nha s&#297; v&#224; b&#7883; ti&#234;m, c&#225;c h&#243;a ch&#7845;t trong thu&#7889;c ti&#234;m s&#7869; &#273;&#243;ng c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n l&#7841;i khi&#7871;n ch&#250;ng kh&#244;ng th&#7875; ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n ra c&#225;c k&#237;ch th&#237;ch c&#417; h&#7885;c n&#7919;a. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y c&#243; ngh&#297;a l&#224; kh&#244;ng c&#243; b&#7845;t k&#7923; xung &#273;i&#7879;n n&#224;o &#273;&#432;&#7907;c truy&#7873;n &#273;&#7871;n t&#7911;y s&#7889;ng v&#224; l&#234;n n&#227;o. Ng&#432;&#7907;c l&#7841;i, m&#7897;t s&#7889; lo&#7841;i thu&#7889;c v&#224; h&#243;a ch&#7845;t kh&#225;c l&#7841;i c&#243; th&#7875; kh&#243;a ch&#7863;t c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n &#7903; tr&#7841;ng th&#225;i m&#7903;. V&#237; d&#7909; nh&#432; c&#250; ch&#237;ch c&#7911;a c&#225; &#273;u&#7889;i gai &#273;&#7897;c &#8211; th&#7913; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c b&#7845;t k&#7923; ai t&#7915;ng tr&#7843;i qua coi l&#224; tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n nh&#7845;t &#8211; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng b&#7857;ng c&#225;ch kh&#243;a c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n &#7903; tr&#7841;ng th&#225;i lu&#244;n m&#7903;.</p></li><li><p>Tu&#7893;i th&#7885; c&#7911;a m&#7897;t c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n l&#224; r&#7845;t ng&#7855;n &#8211; ch&#250;ng ch&#7881; s&#7889;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c v&#224;i ng&#224;y r&#7891;i sau &#273;&#243; s&#7869; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c thay th&#7871; b&#7857;ng nh&#7919;ng c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n m&#7899;i. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y c&#243; ngh&#297;a l&#224; m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m c&#7911;a b&#7841;n lu&#244;n thay &#273;&#7893;i li&#234;n t&#7909;c. H&#227;y ghi nh&#7899; &#273;i&#7875;m n&#224;y; n&#7871;u b&#7841;n &#273;ang ph&#7843;i ch&#7883;u &#273;&#7921;ng c&#417;n &#273;au, &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y c&#243; th&#7875; mang l&#7841;i cho b&#7841;n nh&#7919;ng hy v&#7885;ng m&#7899;i. M&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m v&#7899;i c&#417;n &#273;au hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i c&#7911;a b&#7841;n kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; c&#7889; &#273;&#7883;nh.</p></li><li><p>C&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#7841;o ra b&#234;n trong c&#225;c t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh d&#432;&#7899;i s&#7921; ch&#7881; &#273;&#7841;o c&#7911;a DNA &#8211; cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch c&#244;ng th&#7913;c tuy&#7879;t v&#7901;i nh&#7845;t. C&#243; &#273;&#7911; lo&#7841;i c&#244;ng th&#7913;c trong DNA, bao g&#7891;m c&#7843; c&#225;c c&#244;ng th&#7913;c &#273;&#7875; t&#7841;o ra nhi&#7873;u lo&#7841;i c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n kh&#225;c nhau. Vi&#7879;c m&#7897;t t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh c&#7909; th&#7875; t&#7841;o ra lo&#7841;i c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n n&#224;o ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o vi&#7879;c c&#244;ng th&#7913;c n&#224;o &#273;&#432;&#7907;c k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t. S&#7921; k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t n&#224;y l&#7841;i ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o nhu c&#7847;u sinh t&#7891;n v&#224; s&#7921; tho&#7843;i m&#225;i c&#7911;a c&#225; nh&#226;n b&#7841;n t&#7841;i th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#243;. S&#7921; k&#7871;t h&#7907;p c&#7911;a c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n th&#432;&#7901;ng t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#7889;i &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh nh&#432;ng c&#361;ng c&#243; th&#7875; thay &#273;&#7893;i r&#7845;t nhanh ch&#243;ng. N&#7871;u n&#227;o b&#7897; quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh r&#7857;ng vi&#7879;c t&#259;ng &#273;&#7897; nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m l&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u t&#7889;t nh&#7845;t cho s&#7921; s&#7889;ng c&#242;n c&#7911;a b&#7841;n, DNA c&#243; th&#7875; t&#259;ng c&#432;&#7901;ng s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t th&#234;m c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n c&#243; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng m&#7903; ra khi ti&#7871;p x&#250;c v&#7899;i c&#225;c h&#243;a ch&#7845;t c&#259;ng th&#7859;ng nh&#432; adrenaline.</p></li><li><p>T&#432;&#417;ng t&#7921;, t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n th&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#225; &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh nh&#432;ng c&#243; th&#7875; thay &#273;&#7893;i nhanh ch&#243;ng. S&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i trong t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n s&#7869; l&#224;m t&#259;ng ho&#7863;c gi&#7843;m &#273;&#7897; nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m c&#7911;a t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh &#273;&#243; &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i m&#7897;t k&#237;ch th&#237;ch c&#7909; th&#7875;. N&#7871;u b&#7841;n &#273;ang b&#7883; &#273;au dai d&#7859;ng, b&#7841;n n&#234;n hy v&#7885;ng v&#224;o &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y, b&#7903;i v&#236; t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n ho&#224;n to&#224;n c&#243; th&#7875; gi&#7843;m xu&#7889;ng n&#7871;u nhu c&#7847;u s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t ch&#250;ng gi&#7843;m &#273;i</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndir!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9402f5af-4cf1-4544-b3fc-96e81188740e_1074x746.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndir!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9402f5af-4cf1-4544-b3fc-96e81188740e_1074x746.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndir!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9402f5af-4cf1-4544-b3fc-96e81188740e_1074x746.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndir!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9402f5af-4cf1-4544-b3fc-96e81188740e_1074x746.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndir!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9402f5af-4cf1-4544-b3fc-96e81188740e_1074x746.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndir!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9402f5af-4cf1-4544-b3fc-96e81188740e_1074x746.png" width="472" height="327.8510242085661" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/9402f5af-4cf1-4544-b3fc-96e81188740e_1074x746.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:746,&quot;width&quot;:1074,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:472,&quot;bytes&quot;:255025,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/199199141?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9402f5af-4cf1-4544-b3fc-96e81188740e_1074x746.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndir!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9402f5af-4cf1-4544-b3fc-96e81188740e_1074x746.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndir!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9402f5af-4cf1-4544-b3fc-96e81188740e_1074x746.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndir!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9402f5af-4cf1-4544-b3fc-96e81188740e_1074x746.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ndir!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9402f5af-4cf1-4544-b3fc-96e81188740e_1074x746.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div></li></ol><p><strong>Ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c c&#225;i nh&#236;n c&#7853;n c&#7843;nh v&#7873; c&#225;c t&#237;n hi&#7879;u b&#225;o &#273;&#7897;ng:</strong> V&#7853;y, c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n v&#224; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng c&#7911;a c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n li&#234;n quan th&#7871; n&#224;o &#273;&#7871;n c&#417;n &#273;au? D&#249; cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch n&#224;y n&#243;i v&#7873; c&#417;n &#273;au, nh&#432;ng th&#7921;c t&#7871; ch&#250;ng ta kh&#244;ng h&#7873; c&#243; c&#225;c &#8220;th&#7909; th&#7875; &#273;au&#8221;, &#8220;d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh &#273;au&#8221;, &#8220;&#273;&#432;&#7901;ng truy&#7873;n &#273;au&#8221; hay &#8220;trung t&#226;m &#273;au&#8221; nh&#432; nh&#7919;ng g&#236; b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#7885;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#7903; &#273;&#226;u &#273;&#243;. Tuy nhi&#234;n, c&#243; m&#7897;t s&#7889; t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh trong c&#225;c m&#244; c&#7911;a b&#7841;n s&#7869; ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i m&#7885;i lo&#7841;i k&#237;ch th&#237;ch, mi&#7877;n l&#224; nh&#7919;ng k&#237;ch th&#237;ch &#273;&#243; &#273;&#7911; m&#7841;nh &#273;&#7875; g&#226;y nguy hi&#7875;m cho m&#244;. Vi&#7879;c k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t c&#225;c t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t n&#224;y s&#7869; g&#7917;i m&#7897;t t&#237;n hi&#7879;u b&#225;o &#273;&#7897;ng &#273;&#7871;n t&#7911;y s&#7889;ng c&#7911;a b&#7841;n, v&#224; sau &#273;&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c truy&#7873;n ti&#7871;p l&#234;n n&#227;o. Ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng c&#7911;a lo&#7841;i t&#237;n hi&#7879;u n&#224;y trong c&#225;c d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c g&#7885;i l&#224; &#8220;nociception&#8221; (th&#7909; c&#7843;m &#273;au), theo ngh&#297;a &#273;en l&#224; &#8220;ti&#7871;p nh&#7853;n nguy hi&#7875;m&#8221;. V&#224; vi&#7879;c ti&#7871;p nh&#7853;n s&#7921; nguy hi&#7875;m n&#224;y kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; y&#7871;u t&#7889; &#273;&#7911;, c&#361;ng kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; y&#7871;u t&#7889; thi&#7871;t y&#7871;u &#273;&#7875; t&#7841;o ra c&#417;n &#273;au.</p><p>T&#7845;t c&#7843; ch&#250;ng ta &#273;&#7873;u tr&#7843;i qua qu&#225; tr&#236;nh ti&#7871;p nh&#7853;n nguy hi&#7875;m (nociception) &#7903; h&#7847;u h&#7871;t m&#7885;i th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m &#8211; nh&#432;ng ch&#7881; th&#7881;nh tho&#7843;ng n&#243; m&#7899;i d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n c&#7843;m gi&#225;c &#273;au. V&#237; d&#7909;, &#225;p l&#7921;c l&#234;n m&#244;ng c&#7911;a b&#7841;n do vi&#7879;c ng&#7891;i &#273;&#7885;c cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch n&#224;y s&#7869; g&#7917;i nh&#7919;ng th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p nguy hi&#7875;m &#273;&#7871;n t&#7911;y s&#7889;ng. C&#243; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng cao l&#224; n&#243; kh&#244;ng g&#226;y &#273;au, m&#7863;c d&#249; b&#226;y gi&#7901; khi t&#244;i nh&#7855;c nh&#7903; b&#7841;n v&#7873; &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243;, c&#243; l&#7869; b&#7841;n s&#7869; h&#417;i c&#7921;a qu&#7853;y m&#7897;t ch&#250;t!. Ti&#7871;p nh&#7853;n nguy hi&#7875;m l&#224; nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n nh&#7845;t, nh&#432;ng ho&#224;n to&#224;n kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; ti&#7873;n th&#226;n duy nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a c&#417;n &#273;au. V&#237; d&#7909;, m&#7897;t s&#7889; suy ngh&#297; ho&#7863;c &#273;&#7883;a &#273;i&#7875;m c&#243; th&#7875; k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t t&#237;n hi&#7879;u b&#225;o &#273;&#7897;ng ngay b&#234;n trong n&#227;o b&#7897; c&#7911;a b&#7841;n m&#224; kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n c&#243; b&#7845;t k&#7923; qu&#225; tr&#236;nh ti&#7871;p nh&#7853;n nguy hi&#7875;m n&#224;o x&#7843;y ra &#7903; c&#225;c m&#244;. H&#227;y nh&#7899; l&#7841;i v&#237; d&#7909; v&#7873; chi&#7871;c m&#225;y k&#237;ch th&#237;ch gi&#7843; (sham stimulator) &#7903; Ch&#432;&#417;ng 1.</p><p>H&#227;y nh&#7899; r&#7857;ng, qu&#225; tr&#236;nh ti&#7871;p nh&#7853;n nguy hi&#7875;m (nociception) kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n &#273;&#7911; v&#224; c&#361;ng kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n thi&#7871;t y&#7871;u &#273;&#7875; sinh ra c&#417;n &#273;au. Nhi&#7873;u c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n kh&#225;c nhau &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nh&#250;ng trong l&#7899;p m&#224;ng c&#7911;a t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh. Khi m&#7897;t c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n m&#7903; ra, c&#225;c ion s&#7869; ch&#7843;y qua. R&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n ch&#7881; m&#7903; ra khi nh&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#7897;t t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng &#273;&#7863;c th&#249;: C&#7843;m bi&#7871;n M m&#7903; ra v&#7899;i l&#7921;c c&#417; h&#7885;c, c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n A m&#7903; ra v&#7899;i l&#7921;c axit ho&#7863;c h&#243;a h&#7885;c, v&#224; c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n T m&#7903; ra khi c&#243; s&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i nhi&#7879;t &#273;&#7897;. N&#7871;u c&#243; &#273;&#7911; s&#7889; l&#432;&#7907;ng c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n m&#7903; ra, c&#225;c ion d&#432;&#417;ng s&#7869; &#249;a v&#224;o t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh v&#224; g&#7917;i m&#7897;t th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p nguy hi&#7875;m &#273;&#7871;n t&#7911;y s&#7889;ng</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R3wg!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e04510d-a025-48f3-b744-fca5d3048fcf_1170x658.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R3wg!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e04510d-a025-48f3-b744-fca5d3048fcf_1170x658.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R3wg!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e04510d-a025-48f3-b744-fca5d3048fcf_1170x658.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R3wg!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e04510d-a025-48f3-b744-fca5d3048fcf_1170x658.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R3wg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e04510d-a025-48f3-b744-fca5d3048fcf_1170x658.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R3wg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e04510d-a025-48f3-b744-fca5d3048fcf_1170x658.png" width="513" height="288.5076923076923" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6e04510d-a025-48f3-b744-fca5d3048fcf_1170x658.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:658,&quot;width&quot;:1170,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:513,&quot;bytes&quot;:344564,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/199199141?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e04510d-a025-48f3-b744-fca5d3048fcf_1170x658.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R3wg!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e04510d-a025-48f3-b744-fca5d3048fcf_1170x658.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R3wg!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e04510d-a025-48f3-b744-fca5d3048fcf_1170x658.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R3wg!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e04510d-a025-48f3-b744-fca5d3048fcf_1170x658.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!R3wg!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e04510d-a025-48f3-b744-fca5d3048fcf_1170x658.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><strong>G&#7916;I &#272;I TH&#212;NG &#272;I&#7878;P (SENDING MESSAGES)</strong></p><p>M&#7897;t s&#7889; l&#432;&#7907;ng c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n m&#7903; ra &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#7871;n ng&#432;&#7905;ng quan tr&#7885;ng s&#7869; kh&#7903;i &#273;&#7897;ng ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng. C&#225;c t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh r&#7845;t d&#7877; b&#7883; k&#237;ch th&#237;ch b&#7903;i d&#242;ng &#273;i&#7879;n. M&#7895;i khi m&#7897;t c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n m&#7903; ra v&#224; c&#225;c h&#7841;t mang &#273;i&#7879;n t&#237;ch d&#432;&#417;ng lao v&#224;o, t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh s&#7869; tr&#7903; n&#234;n &#8220;ph&#7845;n kh&#237;ch&#8221; h&#417;n m&#7897;t ch&#250;t. Khi c&#243; nhi&#7873;u c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n m&#7903; ra h&#417;n v&#224; s&#7921; ph&#7845;n kh&#237;ch b&#234;n trong t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#7871;n m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7905;ng t&#7899;i h&#7841;n (critical level), m&#7897;t l&#224;n s&#243;ng d&#242;ng &#273;i&#7879;n nhanh ch&#243;ng s&#7869; di chuy&#7875;n d&#7885;c theo t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh &#273;&#243;. D&#242;ng &#273;i&#7879;n n&#224;y ch&#237;nh l&#224; th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p, v&#7873; m&#7863;t thu&#7853;t ng&#7919; chuy&#234;n m&#244;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c g&#7885;i l&#224; &#8216;&#273;i&#7879;n th&#7871; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng&#8217; (action potential) hay &#8216;xung &#273;i&#7879;n&#8217; (spike). C&#225;c &#273;i&#7879;n th&#7871; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng l&#224; c&#225;ch m&#224; d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh mang th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p &#273;i &#8211; m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7879;n th&#7871; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng v&#7899;i m&#7897;t th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p &#273;&#417;n l&#7867;.</p><p>H&#227;y t&#432;&#7903;ng t&#432;&#7907;ng m&#7897;t bi&#7875;u &#273;&#7891; trong &#273;&#243; tr&#7909;c ngang l&#224; th&#7901;i gian v&#224; tr&#7909;c d&#7885;c l&#224; m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; ph&#7845;n kh&#237;ch (&#273;i&#7879;n t&#237;ch, hay m&#7913;c ch&#234;nh l&#7879;ch &#273;i&#7879;n th&#7871; tr&#234;n m&#224;ng c&#7911;a t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh). M&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; ph&#7845;n kh&#237;ch thay &#273;&#7893;i ch&#7911; y&#7871;u l&#224; do s&#7889; l&#432;&#7907;ng c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n &#273;ang m&#7903;. M&#7897;t khi m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; n&#224;y ch&#7841;m t&#7899;i m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7905;ng &#8220;t&#7845;t c&#7843; ho&#7863;c kh&#244;ng c&#243; g&#236;&#8221; (all or none threshold), m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7879;n th&#7871; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng s&#7869; x&#7843;y ra. Khi m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; ph&#7845;n kh&#237;ch th&#7921;c t&#7871; ti&#7871;n g&#7847;n &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; ph&#7845;n kh&#237;ch t&#7899;i h&#7841;n, th&#236; ngay c&#7843; nh&#7919;ng s&#7921; ki&#7879;n nh&#7887; ch&#7881; l&#224;m m&#7903; m&#7897;t v&#224;i c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n c&#361;ng c&#243; th&#7875; k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p. V&#236; v&#7853;y, n&#7871;u t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh n&#224;y chuy&#234;n mang th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p &#8216;nguy hi&#7875;m&#8217;, th&#236; ch&#7881; c&#7847;n m&#7897;t k&#237;ch th&#237;ch nh&#7887; nh&#432; m&#7897;t chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng li ti ho&#7863;c m&#7897;t s&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i nhi&#7879;t &#273;&#7897; c&#361;ng c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#7911; &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#432;a n&#243; &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#7871;n ng&#432;&#7905;ng t&#7899;i h&#7841;n v&#224; c&#243; th&#7875; khi&#7871;n b&#7841;n th&#7845;y &#273;au (t&#7845;t nhi&#234;n l&#224; c&#242;n ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n do b&#7897; n&#227;o &#273;&#432;a ra)</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!62s-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2c8bcdf5-c49e-474a-9c78-0b8ff856ac60_868x820.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!62s-!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2c8bcdf5-c49e-474a-9c78-0b8ff856ac60_868x820.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!62s-!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2c8bcdf5-c49e-474a-9c78-0b8ff856ac60_868x820.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!62s-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2c8bcdf5-c49e-474a-9c78-0b8ff856ac60_868x820.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!62s-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2c8bcdf5-c49e-474a-9c78-0b8ff856ac60_868x820.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!62s-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2c8bcdf5-c49e-474a-9c78-0b8ff856ac60_868x820.png" width="486" height="459.12442396313367" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!62s-!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2c8bcdf5-c49e-474a-9c78-0b8ff856ac60_868x820.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!62s-!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2c8bcdf5-c49e-474a-9c78-0b8ff856ac60_868x820.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!62s-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2c8bcdf5-c49e-474a-9c78-0b8ff856ac60_868x820.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!62s-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2c8bcdf5-c49e-474a-9c78-0b8ff856ac60_868x820.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>H&#227;y nh&#7899; r&#7857;ng, khi n&#243;i v&#7873; vi&#7879;c ti&#7871;p nh&#7853;n nguy hi&#7875;m, th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p &#273;&#432;&#7907;c g&#7917;i d&#7885;c theo d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh &#273;&#7871;n t&#7911;y s&#7889;ng c&#7911;a b&#7841;n ch&#7881; n&#243;i l&#224; &#8216;nguy hi&#7875;m&#8217;, ch&#7913; n&#243; kh&#244;ng n&#243;i l&#224; &#8216;&#273;au&#8217;. B&#7857;ng c&#225;ch n&#224;o &#273;&#243;, t&#7911;y s&#7889;ng v&#224; n&#227;o b&#7897; ph&#7843;i ti&#7871;p nh&#7853;n, ph&#226;n t&#237;ch nh&#7919;ng th&#244;ng tin &#273;&#7847;u v&#224;o n&#224;y &#273;&#7875; t&#7841;o ra nh&#7919;ng tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m c&#243; &#253; ngh&#297;a, v&#224; nh&#7919;ng tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m &#273;&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; bao g&#7891;m, ho&#7863;c kh&#244;ng bao g&#7891;m c&#417;n &#273;au.</p><p><strong>TH&#212;NG &#272;I&#7878;P B&#193;O &#272;&#7896;NG &#272;I &#272;&#7870;N T&#7910;Y S&#7888;NG (THE ALARM MESSAGE MEETS THE SPINAL CORD)</strong></p><p>Khi th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p truy&#7873;n &#273;&#7871;n cu&#7889;i t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh trong t&#7911;y s&#7889;ng (n&#7857;m b&#234;n trong l&#432;ng ho&#7863;c c&#7893; c&#7911;a b&#7841;n), n&#243; s&#7869; khi&#7871;n c&#225;c h&#243;a ch&#7845;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7893; ra v&#224;o kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng (g&#7885;i l&#224; khe xin&#225;p - synapse) gi&#7919;a ph&#7847;n &#273;u&#244;i c&#7911;a t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh n&#224;y v&#224; c&#225;c t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh l&#226;n c&#7853;n. T&#7841;i khe xin&#225;p (kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng gi&#7919;a c&#225;c t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh) n&#224;y, c&#243; r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u t&#7871; b&#224;o mang th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p t&#7915; c&#225;c m&#244; c&#249;ng h&#7897;i t&#7909; v&#224;o m&#7897;t t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh duy nh&#7845;t h&#432;&#7899;ng l&#234;n n&#227;o (&#273;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t c&#417; ch&#7871; gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch v&#236; sao c&#417;n &#273;au c&#243; th&#7875; lan r&#7897;ng &#8211; m&#7897;t t&#7871; b&#224;o mang th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; b&#224;n ch&#226;n, trong khi t&#7871; b&#224;o kh&#225;c l&#7841;i &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; &#273;&#7847;u g&#7889;i). Ngo&#224;i ra c&#242;n c&#243; m&#7897;t t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh &#273;i t&#7915; n&#227;o xu&#7889;ng; t&#7871; b&#224;o n&#224;y c&#243; nhi&#7879;m v&#7909; ng&#259;n ch&#7863;n ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng t&#7841;i khe xin&#225;p, nh&#7901; &#273;&#243; c&#225;c th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p nguy hi&#7875;m c&#243; th&#7875; s&#7869; kh&#244;ng ti&#7871;n xa h&#417;n n&#7919;a.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qdSs!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc1c0352-f573-4610-9a9d-d18a5b1c1cfa_912x696.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qdSs!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc1c0352-f573-4610-9a9d-d18a5b1c1cfa_912x696.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qdSs!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc1c0352-f573-4610-9a9d-d18a5b1c1cfa_912x696.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qdSs!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc1c0352-f573-4610-9a9d-d18a5b1c1cfa_912x696.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qdSs!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc1c0352-f573-4610-9a9d-d18a5b1c1cfa_912x696.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qdSs!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc1c0352-f573-4610-9a9d-d18a5b1c1cfa_912x696.png" width="395" height="301.44736842105266" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qdSs!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc1c0352-f573-4610-9a9d-d18a5b1c1cfa_912x696.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qdSs!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc1c0352-f573-4610-9a9d-d18a5b1c1cfa_912x696.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qdSs!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc1c0352-f573-4610-9a9d-d18a5b1c1cfa_912x696.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qdSs!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffc1c0352-f573-4610-9a9d-d18a5b1c1cfa_912x696.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>M&#7895;i t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh mang th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p t&#7915; m&#244; s&#7869; gi&#7843;i ph&#243;ng m&#7897;t h&#7895;n h&#7907;p c&#225;c h&#243;a ch&#7845;t v&#224;o khe xin&#225;p (v&#237; d&#7909; nh&#432; c&#225;c h&#243;a ch&#7845;t h&#236;nh tr&#242;n, vu&#244;ng, tr&#225;i tim v&#224; ng&#244;i sao). &#7902; ph&#237;a b&#234;n kia c&#7911;a khe xin&#225;p, t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh h&#432;&#7899;ng l&#234;n n&#227;o c&#361;ng c&#243; c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n h&#236;nh tr&#225;i tim, h&#236;nh vu&#244;ng v&#224; h&#236;nh tr&#242;n. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y cho ph&#233;p n&#243; ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i m&#7897;t s&#7889; h&#243;a ch&#7845;t ph&#249; h&#7907;p nh&#432;ng s&#7869; t&#7915; ch&#7889;i m&#7897;t s&#7889; h&#243;a ch&#7845;t kh&#225;c. V&#7873; c&#417; b&#7843;n, h&#243;a ch&#7845;t h&#236;nh tr&#242;n s&#7869; kh&#7899;p v&#7899;i c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n h&#236;nh tr&#242;n, h&#243;a ch&#7845;t h&#236;nh vu&#244;ng kh&#7899;p v&#7899;i c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n h&#236;nh vu&#244;ng, v.v.... N&#7871;u kh&#7899;p, ch&#250;ng s&#7869; m&#7903; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n &#273;&#243;. Nguy&#234;n l&#253; n&#224;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c g&#7885;i l&#224; nguy&#234;n l&#253; &#8220;&#7893; kh&#243;a v&#224; ch&#236;a kh&#243;a&#8221;, m&#7897;t ki&#7871;n th&#7913;c sinh h&#7885;c &#273;&#7841;i h&#7885;c c&#417; b&#7843;n.</p><p><strong>C&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n &#7903; t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh h&#432;&#7899;ng l&#234;n n&#227;o:</strong> M&#7897;t s&#7889; c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n &#7903; t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh ti&#7871;p theo &#273;&#243;ng vai tr&#242; thu th&#7853;p c&#225;c th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p nguy hi&#7875;m h&#224;ng ng&#224;y: m&#7897;t s&#7889; l&#224; c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n k&#253; &#7913;c &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t; m&#7897;t s&#7889; l&#224; c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n gia c&#7889; v&#224; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng c&#7911;a m&#7897;t s&#7889; c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#259;ng c&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#7901; s&#7921; k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t c&#7911;a h&#7879; mi&#7877;n d&#7883;ch. Khi to&#224;n b&#7897; c&#417; th&#7875; b&#7841;n &#273;ang b&#7883; &#273;e d&#7885;a, ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; khi b&#7841;n b&#7883; c&#250;m, th&#236; vi&#7879;c t&#259;ng &#273;&#7897; nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m l&#224; m&#7897;t t&#237;nh n&#259;ng r&#7845;t ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n. M&#7897;t th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p nguy hi&#7875;m s&#7869; &#273;&#7893; c&#225;c h&#243;a ch&#7845;t c&#7909; th&#7875; (ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; h&#243;a ch&#7845;t h&#236;nh vu&#244;ng) v&#224;o khe xin&#225;p. C&#225;c h&#243;a ch&#7845;t h&#236;nh vu&#244;ng ch&#237;nh l&#224; ch&#236;a kh&#243;a &#273;&#7875; m&#7903; kh&#243;a c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n h&#236;nh vu&#244;ng tr&#234;n t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh th&#7913; hai. Khi m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; ph&#7845;n kh&#237;ch c&#7911;a t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh th&#7913; hai &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c t&#7899;i h&#7841;n &#8211; B&#217;M! &#8211; t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh th&#7913; hai s&#7869; g&#7917;i m&#7897;t th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p l&#234;n n&#227;o. Th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p n&#224;y n&#243;i r&#7857;ng &#8216;Nguy hi&#7875;m!&#8217;. &#272;&#243; l&#224; l&#253; do t&#7841;i sao nh&#7919;ng t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh th&#7913; hai n&#224;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c g&#7885;i l&#224; &#8220;t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7909; c&#7843;m &#273;au b&#7853;c hai&#8221; (second order nociceptors), hay ch&#250;ng t&#244;i th&#432;&#7901;ng g&#7885;i ch&#250;ng l&#224; c&#225;c t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh truy&#7873;n tin nguy hi&#7875;m.</p><p><strong>Ph&#226;n lo&#7841;i t&#7841;i khe xin&#225;p:</strong> Khe xin&#225;p trong t&#7911;y s&#7889;ng l&#224; m&#7897;t tr&#7841;m ph&#226;n lo&#7841;i quan tr&#7885;ng &#8211; h&#417;i gi&#7889;ng v&#7899;i m&#7897;t b&#432;u &#273;i&#7879;n. C&#225;c t&#237;n hi&#7879;u &#273;&#7847;u v&#224;o v&#224; &#273;&#7847;u ra c&#7911;a b&#432;u &#273;i&#7879;n thay &#273;&#7893;i li&#234;n t&#7909;c. N&#7871;u b&#432;u &#273;i&#7879;n &#273;ang c&#243; ti&#7879;c t&#249;ng v&#224; m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7873;u r&#7845;t ph&#7845;n kh&#237;ch, t&#7845;t c&#7843; c&#225;c lo&#7841;i th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c cho qua. Tuy nhi&#234;n, &#273;&#226;y ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t b&#432;u &#273;i&#7879;n khu v&#7921;c v&#224; &#7903; m&#7897;t m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; n&#224;o &#273;&#243;, ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng c&#7911;a n&#243; b&#7883; ki&#7875;m so&#225;t b&#7903;i b&#432;u &#273;i&#7879;n trung t&#226;m (n&#227;o b&#7897;). Tr&#234;n th&#7921;c t&#7871;, b&#432;u &#273;i&#7879;n trung t&#226;m (n&#227;o b&#7897;) th&#7853;m ch&#237; c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#243;ng c&#7917;a b&#432;u &#273;i&#7879;n khu v&#7921;c (t&#7911;y s&#7889;ng) th&#244;ng qua m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng qu&#7843;n l&#253; nguy hi&#7875;m n&#7897;i b&#7897; c&#7921;c k&#7923; m&#7841;nh m&#7869; (ch&#237;nh l&#224; t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh &#273;i t&#7915; n&#227;o xu&#7889;ng).</p><p><strong>T&#7911; thu&#7889;c b&#234;n trong n&#227;o b&#7897;:</strong> &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n nh&#432; th&#7871; n&#224;o? C&#243; m&#7897;t con &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;i t&#7915; n&#227;o xu&#7889;ng &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#243;n l&#245;ng b&#7845;t k&#7923; xung &#273;i&#7879;n n&#224;o &#273;ang &#273;&#7871;n. &#272;&#7915;ng nghi ng&#7901; g&#236; v&#7873; s&#7913;c m&#7841;nh c&#7911;a con &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng n&#224;y, n&#243; &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7913;ng minh r&#7845;t r&#245; n&#233;t trong nh&#7919;ng c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n &#273;&#225;ng kinh ng&#7841;c v&#7873; c&#417;n &#273;au &#7903; Ch&#432;&#417;ng 1. N&#243; ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n m&#7841;nh h&#417;n b&#7845;t k&#7923; lo&#7841;i thu&#7889;c n&#224;o m&#224; b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; ti&#234;m ho&#7863;c u&#7889;ng (h&#417;n n&#7919;a l&#7841;i kh&#244;ng c&#243; t&#225;c d&#7909;ng ph&#7909; hay c&#7847;n &#273;&#7871;n &#273;&#417;n thu&#7889;c). H&#7879; th&#7889;ng n&#224;y cho ph&#233;p m&#7897;t lu&#7891;ng c&#225;c h&#243;a ch&#7845;t (&#8221;hormone h&#7841;nh ph&#250;c&#8221;) nh&#432; opioid, serotonin v&#224; m&#7897;t l&#432;&#7907;ng morphine tr&#224;n ra; ch&#250;ng &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; h&#236;nh d&#7841;ng kh&#225;c nhau v&#224; do &#273;&#243; s&#7869; k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n kh&#225;c nhau. C&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n n&#224;y th&#7921;c ch&#7845;t s&#7869; &#273;&#7849;y c&#225;c h&#7841;t mang &#273;i&#7879;n t&#237;ch d&#432;&#417;ng r&#7901;i kh&#7887;i t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh, l&#224;m cho n&#243; b&#7899;t ph&#7845;n kh&#237;ch h&#417;n, t&#7915; &#273;&#243; l&#224;m gi&#7843;m kh&#7843; n&#259;ng n&#243; g&#7917;i &#273;i th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p. V&#236; v&#7853;y, t&#237;n hi&#7879;u &#273;i t&#7915; n&#227;o xu&#7889;ng s&#7869; d&#7853;p t&#7855;t c&#225;c t&#237;n hi&#7879;u b&#225;o &#273;&#7897;ng. &#272;&#250;ng v&#7853;y, nh&#7901; c&#243; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng n&#224;y, b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; gi&#224;nh chi&#7871;n th&#7855;ng trong tr&#7853;n chung k&#7871;t, v&#244; &#273;&#7883;ch th&#7871; gi&#7899;i ho&#7863;c n&#7845;u &#259;n cho hai m&#432;&#417;i ng&#432;&#7901;i trong khi c&#417; th&#7875; v&#7851;n &#273;ang mang th&#432;&#417;ng t&#237;ch. C&#225;ch t&#7889;t nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7875; n&#7841;p s&#7913;c m&#7841;nh cho h&#7879; th&#7889;ng n&#224;y ch&#237;nh l&#224; trang b&#7883; ki&#7871;n th&#7913;c v&#224; s&#7921; hi&#7875;u bi&#7871;t.</p><p><strong>TH&#212;NG &#272;I&#7878;P &#272;&#431;&#7906;C X&#7916; L&#221; XUY&#202;N SU&#7888;T N&#195;O B&#7896; (THE MESSAGE IS PROCESSED THROUGHOUT THE BRAIN)</strong></p><p>R&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u t&#237;n hi&#7879;u kh&#225;c c&#361;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&#7917; l&#253; c&#249;ng m&#7897;t l&#250;c. V&#236; v&#7853;y, n&#7871;u d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh truy&#7873;n tin nguy hi&#7875;m t&#7915; c&#225;c m&#244; v&#432;&#7907;t qua &#273;&#432;&#7907;c khe xin&#225;p, th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p nguy hi&#7875;m &#273;&#243; s&#7869; &#273;i ng&#432;&#7907;c l&#234;n t&#7911;y s&#7889;ng v&#224; ti&#7871;n v&#224;o n&#227;o b&#7897;. Th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p nguy hi&#7875;m s&#7869; &#273;&#7871;n c&#249;ng l&#250;c v&#7899;i r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p kh&#225;c v&#224; t&#7845;t c&#7843; ch&#250;ng &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c n&#227;o b&#7897; x&#7917; l&#253;. Th&#225;ch th&#7913;c &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i n&#227;o b&#7897; l&#224; ph&#7843;i ki&#7871;n t&#7841;o n&#234;n m&#7897;t c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n h&#7907;p l&#253; nh&#7845;t c&#243; th&#7875;, d&#7921;a tr&#234;n t&#7845;t c&#7843; c&#225;c th&#244;ng tin &#273;ang bay &#273;&#7871;n c&#361;ng nh&#432; l&#432;&#7907;ng l&#7899;n th&#244;ng tin &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c l&#432;u tr&#7919; s&#7861;n &#7903; b&#234;n trong. N&#227;o b&#7897; &#8220;c&#226;n &#273;o &#273;ong &#273;&#7871;m th&#7871; gi&#7899;i&#8221; v&#224; ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i l&#7841;i b&#7857;ng c&#225;ch th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n nhi&#7873;u vi&#7879;c, m&#7897;t trong s&#7889; &#273;&#243; l&#224; mang &#273;&#7871;n cho b&#7841;n nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c v&#7873; nh&#7919;ng g&#236; &#273;ang x&#7843;y ra. M&#7897;t c&#225;ch &#273;&#7875; h&#236;nh dung v&#7873; c&#417;n &#273;au l&#224; coi n&#243; nh&#432; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng c&#7911;a n&#227;o b&#7897; &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i th&#244;ng tin &#273;ang &#273;i v&#224;o (c&#225;c ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng kh&#225;c c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224; di chuy&#7875;n, &#273;&#7893; m&#7891; h&#244;i, n&#243;i chuy&#7879;n, v.v...).</p><p>Trong m&#432;&#7901;i n&#259;m qua, c&#244;ng ngh&#7879; &#273;&#227; cho ph&#233;p c&#225;c nh&#224; khoa h&#7885;c ch&#7909;p l&#7841;i nh&#7919;ng h&#236;nh &#7843;nh th&#7921;c t&#7871; v&#7873; nh&#7919;ng g&#236; &#273;ang di&#7877;n ra trong n&#227;o khi m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i tr&#7843;i qua nh&#7919;ng c&#7843;m gi&#225;c nh&#432; s&#7921; &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n. C&#243; l&#7869; ch&#250;ng ta &#273;&#227; h&#7885;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nhi&#7873;u &#273;i&#7873;u v&#7873; sinh h&#7885;c c&#7911;a c&#417;n &#273;au trong hai m&#432;&#417;i n&#259;m qua h&#417;n l&#224; trong su&#7889;t h&#224;ng ngh&#236;n n&#259;m tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#243; c&#7897;ng l&#7841;i. M&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7873;u quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t m&#224; ch&#250;ng ta h&#7885;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c l&#224;: trong m&#7897;t tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m &#273;au, c&#243; h&#224;ng tr&#259;m ph&#7847;n c&#7911;a n&#227;o b&#7897; c&#249;ng tham gia &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i. M&#7863;c d&#249; c&#243; th&#7875; th&#7845;y c&#225;c ki&#7875;u m&#7851;u (pattern) nh&#7845;t qu&#225;n trong c&#225;c tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m &#273;au, nh&#432;ng c&#225;c ph&#7847;n ch&#237;nh x&#225;c c&#7911;a n&#227;o c&#361;ng nh&#432; m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng s&#7869; kh&#225;c nhau gi&#7919;a nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#225;c nhau v&#224; th&#7853;m ch&#237; l&#224; kh&#225;c nhau trong c&#225;c l&#7847;n &#273;o l&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#234;n c&#249;ng m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i.</p><p>M&#7895;i tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m &#273;au l&#224; &#273;&#7897;c nh&#7845;t v&#244; nh&#7883;. Kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; c&#243; duy nh&#7845;t m&#7897;t trung t&#226;m &#273;au trong n&#227;o nh&#432; m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7915;ng ngh&#297;. C&#243; r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u khu v&#7921;c c&#243; th&#7875; tham gia v&#224;o vi&#7879;c t&#7841;o ra c&#417;n &#273;au. Ch&#250;ng t&#244;i g&#7885;i c&#225;c khu v&#7921;c n&#224;y l&#224; c&#225;c &#8216;n&#250;t &#273;&#225;nh l&#7917;a&#8217; (ignition nodes). C&#225;c ph&#7847;n n&#227;o n&#224;y bao g&#7891;m c&#225;c c&#7909;m n&#250;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng cho c&#7843;m gi&#225;c, chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng, c&#7843;m x&#250;c v&#224; tr&#237; nh&#7899;. C&#417;n &#273;au ch&#7881; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n l&#224; m&#432;&#7907;n nh&#7919;ng ph&#7847;n n&#224;y &#273;&#7875; th&#7875; hi&#7879;n b&#7843;n th&#226;n n&#243;. Trong c&#225;c tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p &#273;au m&#227;n t&#237;nh, m&#7897;t s&#7889; n&#250;t n&#224;y tr&#7903; n&#234;n c&#7921;c k&#7923; nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m v&#224; d&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#432; ch&#250;ng li&#234;n t&#7909;c b&#7883; &#8220;b&#7855;t c&#243;c&#8221; &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#432;a v&#224;o th&#7913; m&#224; ch&#250;ng ta g&#7885;i l&#224; &#8220;b&#7843;n &#273;&#7891; th&#7847;n kinh c&#7911;a c&#417;n &#273;au&#8221; (pain neurotag).</p><p>Nh&#7919;ng ph&#7847;n n&#227;o th&#432;&#7901;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng (&#8217;&#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#225;nh l&#7917;a&#8217;) trong m&#7897;t tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m &#273;au &#273;&#7873;u li&#234;n k&#7871;t v&#7899;i nhau b&#7857;ng c&#7843; t&#237;n hi&#7879;u &#273;i&#7879;n v&#224; h&#243;a h&#7885;c. N&#243; h&#417;i gi&#7889;ng v&#7899;i b&#7913;c tranh b&#7841;n th&#432;&#7901;ng th&#7845;y &#7903; m&#7863;t sau c&#7911;a m&#7897;t cu&#7889;n t&#7841;p ch&#237; h&#224;ng kh&#244;ng hi&#7875;n th&#7883; t&#7845;t c&#7843; c&#225;c tuy&#7871;n bay tr&#234;n kh&#7855;p &#273;&#7845;t n&#432;&#7899;c. Ki&#7875;u h&#236;nh ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng &#273;&#7863;c th&#249; nh&#7857;m t&#7841;o ra nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c v&#7873; c&#417;n &#273;au n&#224;y c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c coi l&#224; m&#7897;t &#8216;b&#7843;n &#273;&#7891; th&#7847;n kinh&#8217; (neurotag) c&#7911;a c&#417;n &#273;au</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SCib!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F19fd18fb-36f1-4b5b-b5be-bf85056ef12f_920x774.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SCib!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F19fd18fb-36f1-4b5b-b5be-bf85056ef12f_920x774.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SCib!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F19fd18fb-36f1-4b5b-b5be-bf85056ef12f_920x774.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SCib!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F19fd18fb-36f1-4b5b-b5be-bf85056ef12f_920x774.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SCib!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F19fd18fb-36f1-4b5b-b5be-bf85056ef12f_920x774.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SCib!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F19fd18fb-36f1-4b5b-b5be-bf85056ef12f_920x774.png" width="507" height="426.5413043478261" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SCib!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F19fd18fb-36f1-4b5b-b5be-bf85056ef12f_920x774.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SCib!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F19fd18fb-36f1-4b5b-b5be-bf85056ef12f_920x774.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SCib!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F19fd18fb-36f1-4b5b-b5be-bf85056ef12f_920x774.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SCib!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F19fd18fb-36f1-4b5b-b5be-bf85056ef12f_920x774.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>.B&#226;y gi&#7901;, ch&#250;ng ta ph&#7843;i th&#7915;a nh&#7853;n r&#7857;ng th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p nguy hi&#7875;m truy&#7873;n t&#7915; c&#225;c m&#244; qua t&#7911;y s&#7889;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng t&#237;n hi&#7879;u &#273;&#7847;u v&#224;o c&#7911;a n&#227;o b&#7897;. M&#7863;c d&#249; th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p &#273;&#243; r&#7845;t quan tr&#7885;ng, nh&#432;ng ch&#7881; ri&#234;ng n&#243; th&#244;i th&#236; kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7911; &#273;&#7875; g&#226;y ra &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n. H&#227;y nh&#7899; l&#7841;i c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n v&#7873; ch&#7913;ng &#273;au chi ma (phantom limb pain). B&#7897; ph&#7853;n c&#417; th&#7875; th&#7921;c s&#7921; th&#7853;m ch&#237; kh&#244;ng t&#7891;n t&#7841;i, nh&#432;ng c&#7843;m gi&#225;c &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n l&#7841;i l&#417; l&#7917;ng trong kh&#244;ng trung. C&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u h&#236;nh &#7843;nh n&#227;o b&#7897; cho th&#7845;y ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng trong t&#7845;t c&#7843; c&#225;c khu v&#7921;c n&#227;o b&#7897; n&#243;i tr&#234;n l&#224; ho&#224;n to&#224;n gi&#7889;ng nhau, b&#7845;t k&#7875; b&#7841;n c&#242;n chi &#273;&#243; hay kh&#244;ng!.</p><p>Nhi&#7873;u n&#250;t &#273;&#225;nh l&#7917;a c&#361;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t b&#7903;i m&#7897;t lo&#7841;t c&#225;c k&#237;ch th&#237;ch &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i s&#7921; ch&#250; &#253; ngay l&#7853;p t&#7913;c c&#7911;a b&#7841;n. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y c&#243; th&#7875; khi&#7871;n m&#7897;t s&#7889; ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#7883; &#273;au m&#227;n t&#237;nh tr&#7903; n&#234;n qu&#225; nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m v&#7899;i m&#7885;i lo&#7841;i k&#237;ch th&#237;ch t&#7915; m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng b&#234;n ngo&#224;i nh&#432; ti&#7871;ng &#7891;n, &#225;nh s&#225;ng v&#224; s&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i nhi&#7879;t &#273;&#7897;.</p><p><strong>B&#7842;N GIAO H&#431;&#7902;NG TRONG N&#195;O B&#7896; (THE ORCHESTRA IN THE BRAIN)</strong></p><p>M&#7897;t c&#225;ch d&#7877; hi&#7875;u &#273;&#7875; h&#236;nh dung v&#7873; c&#225;ch n&#227;o b&#7897; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng, bao g&#7891;m c&#7843; c&#225;ch n&#243; t&#7841;o ra c&#417;n &#273;au, l&#224; coi n&#243; nh&#432; m&#7897;t d&#224;n nh&#7841;c giao h&#432;&#7903;ng. M&#7897;t d&#224;n nh&#7841;c &#273;i&#234;u luy&#7879;n c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#417;i h&#224;ng ngh&#236;n b&#7843;n nh&#7841;c kh&#225;c nhau. N&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#417;i c&#249;ng m&#7897;t b&#7843;n nh&#7841;c v&#7899;i c&#225;c nh&#7883;p &#273;&#7897; kh&#225;c nhau, &#7903; c&#225;c t&#244;ng nh&#7841;c kh&#225;c nhau, v&#7899;i c&#225;c &#273;i&#7875;m nh&#7845;n kh&#225;c nhau v&#224; v&#7899;i c&#225;c nh&#7841;c c&#7909; kh&#225;c nhau &#273;&#7843;m nh&#7853;n nh&#7919;ng vai tr&#242; kh&#225;c nhau. Nh&#7919;ng giai &#273;i&#7879;u m&#7899;i c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#225;ng t&#225;c, nh&#7919;ng giai &#273;i&#7879;u c&#361; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c h&#7891;i sinh, c&#225;c bi&#7871;n t&#7845;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#7913;ng bi&#7871;n t&#249;y thu&#7897;c v&#224;o kh&#225;n gi&#7843;. C&#417;n &#273;au c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c coi l&#224; m&#7897;t b&#7843;n nh&#7841;c do d&#224;n nh&#7841;c n&#224;y ch&#417;i. M&#7897;t d&#224;n nh&#7841;c gi&#7887;i c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#417;i t&#7845;t c&#7843; c&#225;c b&#7843;n nh&#7841;c v&#224; c&#243; th&#7875; d&#7877; d&#224;ng h&#7885;c th&#234;m nhi&#7873;u b&#7843;n nh&#7841;c m&#7899;i. Tuy nhi&#234;n, n&#7871;u d&#224;n nh&#7841;c ch&#417;i &#273;i ch&#417;i l&#7841;i c&#249;ng m&#7897;t b&#7843;n nh&#7841;c, n&#243; s&#7869; tr&#7903; n&#234;n t&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng, n&#243; ch&#417;i theo tr&#237; nh&#7899;, v&#224; ng&#224;y c&#224;ng kh&#243; &#273;&#7875; ch&#417;i b&#7845;t k&#7923; b&#7843;n nh&#7841;c n&#224;o kh&#225;c. S&#7921; t&#242; m&#242; v&#224; t&#237;nh s&#225;ng t&#7841;o b&#7883; m&#7845;t &#273;i, v&#224; kh&#225;n gi&#7843; s&#7869; b&#7887; &#273;i...</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!up54!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe8685446-6a94-44fb-b7dd-d5dd2a22946c_1178x806.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!up54!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe8685446-6a94-44fb-b7dd-d5dd2a22946c_1178x806.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!up54!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe8685446-6a94-44fb-b7dd-d5dd2a22946c_1178x806.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!up54!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe8685446-6a94-44fb-b7dd-d5dd2a22946c_1178x806.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!up54!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe8685446-6a94-44fb-b7dd-d5dd2a22946c_1178x806.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!up54!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe8685446-6a94-44fb-b7dd-d5dd2a22946c_1178x806.png" width="515" height="352.36842105263156" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e8685446-6a94-44fb-b7dd-d5dd2a22946c_1178x806.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:806,&quot;width&quot;:1178,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:515,&quot;bytes&quot;:362468,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/199199141?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe8685446-6a94-44fb-b7dd-d5dd2a22946c_1178x806.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!up54!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe8685446-6a94-44fb-b7dd-d5dd2a22946c_1178x806.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!up54!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe8685446-6a94-44fb-b7dd-d5dd2a22946c_1178x806.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!up54!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe8685446-6a94-44fb-b7dd-d5dd2a22946c_1178x806.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!up54!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe8685446-6a94-44fb-b7dd-d5dd2a22946c_1178x806.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>D&#224;n nh&#7841;c trong &#273;&#7847;u ch&#250;ng ta l&#224; m&#7897;t th&#7913; v&#244; c&#249;ng k&#7923; di&#7879;u. N&#243; th&#7921;c ch&#7845;t l&#224; m&#7897;t kh&#7889;i t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh m&#224;u h&#417;i v&#224;ng, c&#243; &#273;&#7897; &#273;&#7863;c gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; m&#7897;t qu&#7843; tr&#7913;ng lu&#7897;c l&#242;ng &#273;&#224;o. N&#243; ch&#7913;a kho&#7843;ng m&#7897;t tr&#259;m t&#7927; t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh, m&#7895;i t&#7871; b&#224;o c&#243; th&#7875; t&#7841;o ra h&#224;ng ngh&#236;n k&#7871;t n&#7889;i. S&#7889; l&#432;&#7907;ng k&#7871;t n&#7889;i c&#243; th&#7875; c&#243; trong n&#227;o b&#7897; th&#7853;m ch&#237; c&#242;n nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n s&#7889; l&#432;&#7907;ng c&#225;c h&#7841;t trong v&#361; tr&#7909;. C&#225;c t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh khao kh&#225;t t&#7841;o ra c&#225;c k&#7871;t n&#7889;i &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c m&#7897;t t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh &#273;&#417;n l&#7867; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7863;t trong b&#7891;n n&#432;&#7899;c mu&#7889;i s&#7869; v&#432;&#417;n d&#224;i v&#224; u&#7889;n &#233;o l&#234;n &#273;&#7871;n 30% chi&#7873;u d&#224;i c&#7911;a n&#243; &#273;&#7875; t&#236;m ki&#7871;m m&#7897;t t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh kh&#225;c. Tr&#7867; s&#417; sinh t&#7841;o ra h&#224;ng tri&#7879;u khe xin&#225;p m&#7895;i gi&#226;y, 3 tri&#7879;u khe xin&#225;p c&#243; th&#7875; nh&#233;t v&#7915;a tr&#234;n &#273;&#7847;u m&#7897;t chi&#7871;c &#273;inh ghim. B&#7841;n, ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;ang &#273;&#7885;c cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch n&#224;y, c&#243; m&#7897;t b&#7897; n&#227;o n&#259;ng &#273;&#7897;ng lu&#244;n kh&#244;ng ng&#7915;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i; h&#224;ng tri&#7879;u khe xin&#225;p li&#234;n k&#7871;t v&#224; t&#225;ch r&#7901;i nhau m&#7895;i gi&#226;y. B&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; hi&#7871;n t&#7863;ng 10.000 xin&#225;p cho m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#224;n &#244;ng, ph&#7909; n&#7919; v&#224; tr&#7867; em tr&#234;n h&#224;nh tinh n&#224;y m&#224; b&#7897; n&#227;o v&#7851;n c&#243; th&#7875; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng &#7903; m&#7913;c kh&#225; t&#7889;t!. V&#224; m&#7895;i khe xin&#225;p &#273;&#432;&#7907;c bao quanh b&#7903;i m&#7897;t t&#7871; b&#224;o mi&#7877;n d&#7883;ch, th&#7913; c&#243; th&#7875; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n xin&#225;p &#273;&#243; c&#361;ng nh&#432; 100.000 xin&#225;p xung quanh n&#243;!. Th&#7853;t &#273;&#225;ng kinh ng&#7841;c! N&#243; khi&#7871;n ch&#250;ng t&#244;i n&#7893;i da g&#224; khi ngh&#297; v&#7873; n&#243;. S&#7921; ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p phi th&#432;&#7901;ng n&#224;y c&#243; ngh&#297;a l&#224; m&#7863;c d&#249; c&#417;n &#273;au d&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#432; &#273;ang chi&#7871;m l&#7845;y cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng c&#7911;a b&#7841;n, nh&#432;ng n&#243; c&#361;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n nh&#7887; trong kho t&#224;ng kh&#7893;ng l&#7891; c&#7911;a d&#224;n nh&#7841;c giao h&#432;&#7903;ng n&#227;o b&#7897;.</p><p><strong>C&#193;C H&#7878; TH&#7888;NG GI&#218;P B&#7840;N THO&#193;T KH&#7886;I R&#7854;C R&#7888;I (SYSTEMS TO GET YOU OUT OF TROUBLE)</strong></p><p>M&#7897;t b&#7843;n nh&#7841;c lu&#244;n t&#7841;o ra m&#7897;t t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng n&#224;o &#273;&#243;. C&#225;c th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p &#273;i v&#224;o n&#227;o kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; d&#7915;ng l&#7841;i &#7903; n&#227;o. Trong m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng s&#7889;ng n&#259;ng &#273;&#7897;ng, nh&#7919;ng g&#236; &#273;i v&#224;o ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n ph&#7843;i &#273;i ra d&#432;&#7899;i m&#7897;t h&#236;nh th&#7913;c n&#224;o &#273;&#243;. L&#224; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n c&#7911;a vi&#7879;c n&#227;o b&#7897; &#8220;c&#226;n &#273;o &#273;ong &#273;&#7871;m th&#7871; gi&#7899;i&#8221;, n&#243; s&#7869; &#273;&#432;a ra &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; v&#7873; gi&#225; tr&#7883; &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i c&#225;c t&#237;n hi&#7879;u &#273;&#7847;u v&#224;o v&#224; th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i. Khi b&#7841;n b&#7883; l&#7841;nh, c&#243; nhi&#7873;u c&#225;ch m&#224; n&#227;o v&#224; c&#417; th&#7875; c&#243; th&#7875; ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng. T&#432;&#417;ng t&#7921;, khi b&#7841;n g&#7863;p nguy hi&#7875;m, n&#227;o b&#7897; s&#7869; k&#234;u g&#7885;i r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#432;a b&#7841;n tho&#225;t kh&#7887;i r&#7855;c r&#7889;i</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Be-b!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8385bb5f-ac79-453e-87a9-d5656047d439_1074x794.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Be-b!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8385bb5f-ac79-453e-87a9-d5656047d439_1074x794.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Be-b!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8385bb5f-ac79-453e-87a9-d5656047d439_1074x794.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Be-b!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8385bb5f-ac79-453e-87a9-d5656047d439_1074x794.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Be-b!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8385bb5f-ac79-453e-87a9-d5656047d439_1074x794.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Be-b!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8385bb5f-ac79-453e-87a9-d5656047d439_1074x794.png" width="461" height="340.81378026070763" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/8385bb5f-ac79-453e-87a9-d5656047d439_1074x794.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:794,&quot;width&quot;:1074,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:461,&quot;bytes&quot;:346309,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/199199141?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8385bb5f-ac79-453e-87a9-d5656047d439_1074x794.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Be-b!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8385bb5f-ac79-453e-87a9-d5656047d439_1074x794.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Be-b!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8385bb5f-ac79-453e-87a9-d5656047d439_1074x794.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Be-b!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8385bb5f-ac79-453e-87a9-d5656047d439_1074x794.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Be-b!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8385bb5f-ac79-453e-87a9-d5656047d439_1074x794.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Nh&#7919;ng h&#7879; th&#7889;ng n&#224;y ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng m&#7885;i l&#250;c. V&#237; d&#7909; r&#245; r&#224;ng nh&#7845;t l&#224;: h&#7879; c&#417; b&#7855;p (gi&#250;p b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; b&#7887; ch&#7841;y, co th&#7855;t l&#7841;i &#273;&#7875; b&#7843;o v&#7879; ph&#7847;n b&#7883; th&#432;&#417;ng, l&#7849;n tr&#7889;n ho&#7863;c chi&#7871;n &#273;&#7845;u) v&#224; h&#7879; th&#7847;n kinh giao c&#7843;m (gi&#250;p qu&#7843;n l&#253; vi&#7879;c ti&#7871;t m&#7891; h&#244;i v&#224; ph&#226;n b&#7893; m&#225;u). C&#225;c h&#7879; th&#7889;ng kh&#225;c nh&#432; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng mi&#7877;n d&#7883;ch v&#224; h&#7879; n&#7897;i ti&#7871;t l&#7841;i l&#224;m vi&#7879;c m&#7897;t c&#225;ch &#226;m th&#7847;m nh&#432;ng r&#7845;t c&#7847;n m&#7851;n.</p><p>M&#7897;t tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m &#273;au th&#432;&#7901;ng li&#234;n quan ch&#7863;t ch&#7869; &#273;&#7871;n s&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng c&#7911;a nh&#7919;ng h&#7879; th&#7889;ng n&#224;y. T&#7845;t c&#7843; c&#225;c h&#7879; th&#7889;ng c&#7911;a ch&#250;ng ta &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; th&#7875; gi&#250;p ch&#250;ng ta tho&#225;t kh&#7887;i r&#7855;c r&#7889;i. Trong m&#7897;t t&#236;nh hu&#7889;ng &#273;e d&#7885;a, v&#224; &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t l&#224; khi b&#7883; &#273;au, c&#225;c h&#7879; th&#7889;ng n&#224;y s&#7869; l&#224;m vi&#7879;c c&#7921;c k&#7923; ch&#259;m ch&#7881; cho b&#7841;n. Ch&#250;ng &#273;&#7841;t hi&#7879;u su&#7845;t t&#7889;t nh&#7845;t trong th&#7901;i gian ng&#7855;n, gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; m&#7897;t v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng vi&#234;n ch&#7841;y n&#432;&#7899;c r&#250;t thi &#273;&#7845;u &#7903; c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; si&#234;u cao. Tuy nhi&#234;n, n&#7871;u b&#7841;n b&#7883; &#273;au trong m&#7897;t th&#7901;i gian d&#224;i, ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng duy tr&#236; li&#234;n t&#7909;c c&#7911;a c&#225;c h&#7879; th&#7889;ng n&#224;y s&#7869; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u g&#226;y ra c&#225;c v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; kh&#225;c &#8211; b&#7841;n kh&#244;ng th&#7875; mong ch&#7901; ch&#250;ng ch&#7841;y n&#432;&#7899;c r&#250;t trong m&#7897;t cu&#7897;c &#273;ua marathon. &#7902; nh&#7919;ng ch&#432;&#417;ng sau, ch&#250;ng ta s&#7869; th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n chi ti&#7871;t v&#7873; h&#7853;u qu&#7843; c&#7911;a vi&#7879;c k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t l&#226;u d&#224;i c&#225;c h&#7879; th&#7889;ng b&#7843;o v&#7879; n&#224;y,.</p><p><strong>T&#211;M T&#7854;T PH&#7846;N 2 (RECAP SECTION 2)</strong></p><ul><li><p>C&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n nguy hi&#7875;m n&#7857;m r&#7843;i r&#225;c kh&#7855;p n&#417;i tr&#234;n c&#417; th&#7875;.</p></li><li><p>Khi m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; ph&#7845;n kh&#237;ch b&#234;n trong m&#7897;t t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#7871;n ng&#432;&#7905;ng t&#7899;i h&#7841;n, m&#7897;t th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p s&#7869; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c g&#7917;i &#273;&#7871;n t&#7911;y s&#7889;ng.</p></li><li><p>Khi m&#7897;t th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p nguy hi&#7875;m truy&#7873;n &#273;&#7871;n t&#7911;y s&#7889;ng, n&#243; s&#7869; g&#226;y ra vi&#7879;c gi&#7843;i ph&#243;ng c&#225;c h&#243;a ch&#7845;t k&#237;ch th&#237;ch v&#224;o khe xin&#225;p.</p></li><li><p>C&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n &#7903; t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh truy&#7873;n tin nguy hi&#7875;m s&#7869; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t b&#7903;i c&#225;c h&#243;a ch&#7845;t k&#237;ch th&#237;ch &#273;&#243;, v&#224; khi m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; ph&#7845;n kh&#237;ch c&#7911;a t&#7871; b&#224;o th&#7847;n kinh truy&#7873;n tin nguy hi&#7875;m &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#7871;n ng&#432;&#7905;ng t&#7899;i h&#7841;n, m&#7897;t th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p nguy hi&#7875;m s&#7869; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c g&#7917;i l&#234;n n&#227;o.</p></li><li><p>Th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&#7917; l&#253; kh&#7855;p n&#227;o b&#7897;, v&#224; n&#7871;u n&#227;o k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n r&#7857;ng b&#7841;n &#273;ang g&#7863;p nguy hi&#7875;m v&#224; b&#7841;n c&#7847;n ph&#7843;i h&#224;nh &#273;&#7897;ng, n&#243; s&#7869; t&#7841;o ra c&#417;n &#273;au.</p></li><li><p>N&#227;o b&#7897; s&#7869; k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t m&#7897;t s&#7889; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng c&#249;ng nhau &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#432;a b&#7841;n tho&#225;t kh&#7887;i m&#7889;i nguy hi&#7875;m &#273;&#243;.</p></li></ul>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[[PHẦN 2] Giải thích về Đau (Dịch sách Explain Pain - Second Edition) ]]></title><description><![CDATA[T&#225;c gi&#7843;: David Butler & Lorimer Moseley | Minh h&#7885;a: Sunyata]]></description><link>https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/phan-2-giai-thich-ve-au-dich-sach</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/phan-2-giai-thich-ve-au-dich-sach</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[The Thinking Trainer]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 22 May 2026 10:57:28 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Jcp8!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2d1f7d0a-408d-4e44-a138-1c96896a2a86_1124x896.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>S&#7920; PH&#7908; THU&#7896;C C&#7910;A C&#416;N &#272;AU V&#192;O B&#7888;I C&#7842;NH: PH&#7846;N 1 - Ng&#243;n tay c&#7911;a ngh&#7879; s&#297; v&#297; c&#7847;m v&#224; n&#7895;i &#273;au c&#7911;a s&#7921; m&#7845;t m&#225;t</strong></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Jcp8!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2d1f7d0a-408d-4e44-a138-1c96896a2a86_1124x896.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Jcp8!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2d1f7d0a-408d-4e44-a138-1c96896a2a86_1124x896.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Jcp8!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2d1f7d0a-408d-4e44-a138-1c96896a2a86_1124x896.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Jcp8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2d1f7d0a-408d-4e44-a138-1c96896a2a86_1124x896.png 1272w, 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Jcp8!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2d1f7d0a-408d-4e44-a138-1c96896a2a86_1124x896.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Jcp8!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2d1f7d0a-408d-4e44-a138-1c96896a2a86_1124x896.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Jcp8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2d1f7d0a-408d-4e44-a138-1c96896a2a86_1124x896.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Jcp8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2d1f7d0a-408d-4e44-a138-1c96896a2a86_1124x896.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Th&#244;ng tin c&#7843;m gi&#225;c, hay &#8220;t&#237;n hi&#7879;u c&#7843;m gi&#225;c&#8221; (b&#7845;t k&#7923; th&#244;ng tin n&#224;o &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; c&#225;c gi&#225;c quan c&#7911;a b&#7841;n, ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; th&#7883; gi&#225;c v&#224; x&#250;c gi&#225;c) c&#7847;n ph&#7843;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c h&#7879; th&#7847;n kinh c&#7911;a b&#7841;n &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225;. Vi&#7879;c &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; c&#225;c t&#237;n hi&#7879;u n&#224;y li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n nh&#7919;ng qu&#225; tr&#236;nh ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p c&#7911;a tr&#237; nh&#7899;, suy lu&#7853;n v&#224; c&#7843;m x&#250;c, &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i ph&#7843;i bao g&#7891;m c&#7843; vi&#7879;c xem x&#233;t nh&#7919;ng h&#7853;u qu&#7843; ti&#7873;m &#7849;n c&#7911;a ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng &#273;&#243;.</p><p>B&#7889;i c&#7843;nh c&#7911;a tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m &#273;au l&#224; c&#7921;c k&#7923; quan tr&#7885;ng. D&#432;&#7899;i &#273;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t v&#237; d&#7909; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n: c&#249;ng m&#7897;t v&#7871;t th&#432;&#417;ng nh&#7887; &#7903; ng&#243;n tay, nh&#432;ng n&#243; s&#7869; g&#226;y ra nhi&#7873;u &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n cho m&#7897;t ngh&#7879; s&#297; v&#297; c&#7847;m chuy&#234;n nghi&#7879;p h&#417;n l&#224; m&#7897;t v&#361; c&#244;ng chuy&#234;n nghi&#7879;p, b&#7903;i v&#236; t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng ng&#243;n tay &#273;&#7863;t ra m&#7889;i &#273;e d&#7885;a l&#7899;n h&#417;n nhi&#7873;u &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i ng&#432;&#7901;i ngh&#7879; s&#297; v&#297; c&#7847;m. S&#7921; vi&#7879;c n&#224;y &#273;&#243;ng vai tr&#242; l&#7899;n h&#417;n &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i k&#7871; sinh nhai v&#224; b&#7843;n s&#7855;c c&#7911;a h&#7885;. H&#417;n th&#7871; n&#7919;a, n&#243; s&#7869; c&#242;n &#273;au h&#417;n n&#7871;u v&#7871;t th&#432;&#417;ng n&#7857;m &#7903; tay tr&#225;i thay v&#236; tay ph&#7843;i. B&#7841;n h&#227;y th&#7917; t&#236;m hi&#7875;u l&#253; do t&#7841;i sao b&#7857;ng c&#225;ch so s&#225;nh vai tr&#242; c&#7911;a c&#225;c ng&#243;n tay tr&#225;i v&#224; tay ph&#7843;i; ng&#243;n tay c&#7911;a b&#224;n tay n&#224;o quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t trong vi&#7879;c ch&#417;i &#273;&#224;n?.</p><p>D&#432;&#7899;i &#273;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t th&#237; nghi&#7879;m th&#250; v&#7883; kh&#225;c &#8211; m&#7897;t k&#237;ch th&#237;ch g&#226;y &#273;au s&#7869; l&#224;m b&#7841;n th&#7845;y &#273;au h&#417;n n&#7871;u b&#7841;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#244;ng b&#225;o r&#7857;ng n&#243; &#8220;n&#243;ng&#8221;, so v&#7899;i khi b&#7841;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c b&#225;o l&#224; n&#243; &#8220;l&#7841;nh&#8221;. Th&#7921;c t&#7871;, ch&#7881; c&#7847;n k&#7871;t h&#7907;p m&#7897;t k&#237;ch th&#237;ch g&#226;y &#273;au v&#7899;i &#225;nh s&#225;ng &#273;&#7887; c&#361;ng khi&#7871;n ng&#432;&#7901;i ta th&#7845;y &#273;au h&#417;n so v&#7899;i khi k&#7871;t h&#7907;p n&#243; v&#7899;i &#225;nh s&#225;ng xanh lam.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!77H7!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc63d753-d4cb-42b1-8d09-ea4c76516d40_822x620.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!77H7!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc63d753-d4cb-42b1-8d09-ea4c76516d40_822x620.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!77H7!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc63d753-d4cb-42b1-8d09-ea4c76516d40_822x620.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!77H7!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc63d753-d4cb-42b1-8d09-ea4c76516d40_822x620.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!77H7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc63d753-d4cb-42b1-8d09-ea4c76516d40_822x620.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!77H7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc63d753-d4cb-42b1-8d09-ea4c76516d40_822x620.png" width="384" height="289.6350364963504" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!77H7!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc63d753-d4cb-42b1-8d09-ea4c76516d40_822x620.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!77H7!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc63d753-d4cb-42b1-8d09-ea4c76516d40_822x620.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!77H7!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc63d753-d4cb-42b1-8d09-ea4c76516d40_822x620.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!77H7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcc63d753-d4cb-42b1-8d09-ea4c76516d40_822x620.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; c&#243; c&#417;n &#273;au m&#7899;i ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh &#8211; n&#7871;u ai &#273;&#243; c&#249; l&#233;c b&#7841;n, b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; c&#432;&#7901;i kh&#250;c kh&#237;ch &#8211; nh&#432;ng &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y c&#242;n ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o vi&#7879;c ai l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#249; b&#7841;n, th&#7901;i gian v&#224; &#273;&#7883;a &#273;i&#7875;m c&#7911;a h&#224;nh &#273;&#7897;ng &#273;&#243;. H&#227;y nh&#7899; l&#7841;i h&#236;nh &#7843;nh chi&#7871;c &#273;inh l&#7899;n &#273;&#226;m xuy&#234;n qua ng&#243;n ch&#226;n c&#7911;a m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#224;n &#244;ng &#7903; ph&#7847;n tr&#432;&#7899;c. Khi b&#7841;n gi&#7851;m ph&#7843;i m&#7897;t chi&#7871;c &#273;inh trong v&#432;&#7901;n, n&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;au ho&#7863;c kh&#244;ng &#273;au ngay l&#7853;p t&#7913;c. N&#227;o b&#7897; ph&#7843;i quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh xem vi&#7879;c c&#7843;m th&#7845;y &#273;au c&#243; ph&#7843;i l&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u t&#7889;t nh&#7845;t cho b&#7841;n v&#224;o th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#243; hay kh&#244;ng. C&#225;c y&#7871;u t&#7889; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng kh&#225;c c&#243; th&#7875; t&#7891;n t&#7841;i t&#7841;i th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#243; bao g&#7891;m vi&#7879;c b&#7841;n c&#7847;n ph&#7843;i tr&#225;nh nh&#7919;ng chi&#7871;c &#273;inh kh&#225;c, n&#7895;i s&#7907; b&#7883; th&#432;&#417;ng n&#7863;ng v&#224; nhi&#7877;m tr&#249;ng, hay nhu c&#7847;u c&#7847;n ph&#7843;i b&#7843;o v&#7879; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i xung quanh. C&#243; l&#7869; n&#243; s&#7869; kh&#244;ng &#273;au n&#7871;u b&#7841;n &#273;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n ra m&#7897;t con r&#7855;n tr&#244;ng c&#7921;c k&#7923; &#273;&#7897;c &#273;ang n&#7857;m ngay s&#225;t ch&#226;n m&#236;nh</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hx90!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0207a025-3ef4-48c5-aa9b-924db74d3baf_574x678.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hx90!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0207a025-3ef4-48c5-aa9b-924db74d3baf_574x678.png 424w, 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hx90!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0207a025-3ef4-48c5-aa9b-924db74d3baf_574x678.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hx90!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0207a025-3ef4-48c5-aa9b-924db74d3baf_574x678.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hx90!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0207a025-3ef4-48c5-aa9b-924db74d3baf_574x678.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hx90!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0207a025-3ef4-48c5-aa9b-924db74d3baf_574x678.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>&#8220;&#272;au &#273;&#7899;n v&#7873; th&#7875; x&#225;c&#8221; v&#224; &#8220;&#273;au &#273;&#7899;n v&#7873; tinh th&#7847;n/c&#7843;m x&#250;c&#8221; l&#224; nh&#7919;ng thu&#7853;t ng&#7919; th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng nh&#432;ng &#273;&#244;i khi l&#7841;i kh&#244;ng mang l&#7841;i nhi&#7873;u l&#7907;i &#237;ch cho vi&#7879;c hi&#7875;u v&#7873; c&#417;n &#273;au. M&#7863;c d&#249; nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#243; xu h&#432;&#7899;ng t&#225;ch bi&#7879;t hai lo&#7841;i &#273;au n&#224;y, nh&#432;ng qu&#225; tr&#236;nh n&#227;o b&#7897; x&#7917; l&#253; s&#7921; t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng m&#244; g&#226;y &#273;au v&#224; n&#7895;i th&#7889;ng kh&#7893; v&#7873; tinh th&#7847;n l&#7841;i c&#243; nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7875;m t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#7891;ng. Tr&#234;n th&#7921;c t&#7871;, qu&#225; tr&#236;nh x&#7917; l&#253; b&#7845;t k&#7923; t&#237;n hi&#7879;u n&#224;o quan tr&#7885;ng &#273;&#7873;u di&#7877;n ra theo c&#225;ch t&#432;&#417;ng t&#7921; nhau.</p><p>M&#7897;t s&#7889; tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m &#273;au li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng m&#244; ho&#7863;c b&#7879;nh t&#7853;t nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n nh&#7919;ng tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m kh&#225;c, nh&#432;ng s&#7869; lu&#244;n lu&#244;n c&#243; s&#7921; hi&#7879;n di&#7879;n c&#7911;a c&#225;c y&#7871;u t&#7889; c&#7843;m x&#250;c &#7903; nhi&#7873;u m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897;. Trong nh&#7919;ng tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m &#273;au nh&#432; s&#7921; &#273;au bu&#7891;n ho&#7863;c b&#7883; ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#236;nh y&#234;u th&#432;&#417;ng t&#7915; ch&#7889;i, n&#417;i y&#7871;u t&#7889; c&#7843;m x&#250;c d&#226;ng cao, th&#236; v&#7851;n s&#7869; c&#243; nh&#7919;ng v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; thu&#7897;c v&#7873; th&#7875; ch&#7845;t xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n nh&#432; s&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i l&#7921;c c&#259;ng c&#7911;a c&#417; b&#7855;p hay s&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i trong qu&#225; tr&#236;nh ch&#7919;a l&#224;nh c&#7911;a t&#7871; b&#224;o. Trong t&#236;nh hu&#7889;ng m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#224;n &#244;ng b&#7883; tai n&#7841;n lao &#273;&#7897;ng, v&#237; d&#7909; nh&#432; do n&#226;ng v&#7853;t n&#7863;ng ho&#7863;c b&#7883; ng&#227;, v&#224; t&#236;nh tr&#7841;ng &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n c&#7911;a anh ta b&#7883; ng&#432;&#7901;i gi&#225;m s&#225;t ho&#7863;c chuy&#234;n gia y t&#7871; ph&#7911; nh&#7853;n, th&#236; c&#417;n &#273;au &#273;&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; bao g&#7891;m c&#7843; nh&#7919;ng y&#7871;u t&#7889; th&#7875; ch&#7845;t v&#224; c&#7843;m x&#250;c r&#7845;t m&#7841;nh m&#7869;. M&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; c&#7911;a c&#225;c y&#7871;u t&#7889; c&#7843;m x&#250;c v&#224; th&#7875; ch&#7845;t trong m&#7897;t tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m &#273;au r&#245; r&#224;ng t&#7891;n t&#7841;i tr&#234;n m&#7897;t ph&#7893; r&#7897;ng. &#272;&#7875; &#273;&#7889;i ph&#243; hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; v&#7899;i c&#417;n &#273;au, &#273;i&#7873;u quan tr&#7885;ng l&#224; ph&#7843;i x&#225;c &#273;&#7883;nh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#225;c t&#237;n hi&#7879;u thu&#7897;c v&#7873; b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh n&#224;y. Ch&#250;ng t&#244;i th&#432;&#7901;ng g&#7885;i ch&#250;ng l&#224; nh&#7919;ng t&#237;n hi&#7879;u gi&#250;p k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m &#273;au, hay &#8220;t&#237;n hi&#7879;u ch&#226;m ng&#242;i&#8221; (ignition cues).</p><p><strong>S&#7920; PH&#7908; THU&#7896;C C&#7910;A C&#416;N &#272;AU V&#192;O B&#7888;I C&#7842;NH: PH&#7846;N 2</strong></p><p>V&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh, v&#224; do &#273;&#243; l&#224; vi&#7879;c x&#225;c &#273;&#7883;nh c&#225;c t&#237;n hi&#7879;u ch&#226;m ng&#242;i, &#273;&#243;ng vai tr&#242; v&#244; c&#249;ng quan tr&#7885;ng trong tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m &#273;au. D&#432;&#7899;i &#273;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t s&#7889; v&#237; d&#7909; kh&#225;c.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O3CO!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F93d572ea-c12d-4d66-9cd8-b925248738f1_784x756.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O3CO!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F93d572ea-c12d-4d66-9cd8-b925248738f1_784x756.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O3CO!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F93d572ea-c12d-4d66-9cd8-b925248738f1_784x756.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O3CO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F93d572ea-c12d-4d66-9cd8-b925248738f1_784x756.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O3CO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F93d572ea-c12d-4d66-9cd8-b925248738f1_784x756.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O3CO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F93d572ea-c12d-4d66-9cd8-b925248738f1_784x756.png" width="326" height="314.35714285714283" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/93d572ea-c12d-4d66-9cd8-b925248738f1_784x756.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:756,&quot;width&quot;:784,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:326,&quot;bytes&quot;:316695,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/198826461?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F93d572ea-c12d-4d66-9cd8-b925248738f1_784x756.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O3CO!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F93d572ea-c12d-4d66-9cd8-b925248738f1_784x756.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O3CO!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F93d572ea-c12d-4d66-9cd8-b925248738f1_784x756.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O3CO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F93d572ea-c12d-4d66-9cd8-b925248738f1_784x756.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!O3CO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F93d572ea-c12d-4d66-9cd8-b925248738f1_784x756.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>&#272;au nh&#7913;c &#7903; ch&#7889;n c&#244;ng s&#7903; l&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u r&#7845;t ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n. C&#417;n &#273;au c&#243; th&#7875; tr&#7903; n&#234;n t&#7891;i t&#7879; h&#417;n khi c&#243; m&#7863;t s&#7871;p c&#7911;a b&#7841;n, t&#249;y thu&#7897;c v&#224;o m&#7889;i quan h&#7879; c&#7911;a b&#7841;n v&#7899;i v&#7883; s&#7871;p &#273;&#243;. &#7902; &#273;&#226;y, m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#237;nh l&#224; m&#7897;t t&#237;n hi&#7879;u quan tr&#7885;ng v&#7899;i nhi&#7873;u y&#7871;u t&#7889; ph&#7909; (subplots) g&#243;p ph&#7847;n v&#224;o c&#417;n &#273;au. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y l&#224; m&#7897;t l&#7901;i nh&#7855;c nh&#7903; v&#7873; s&#7921; &#273;&#243;ng g&#243;p c&#7911;a vai tr&#242; gi&#7899;i t&#237;nh, s&#7921; ph&#226;n bi&#7879;t gi&#7899;i t&#237;nh, c&#7843;m gi&#225;c l&#224;m ch&#7911;, kh&#7889;i l&#432;&#7907;ng c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c v&#224; c&#244;ng th&#225;i h&#7885;c v&#224;o tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m &#273;au c&#7911;a b&#7841;n.</p><p>M&#7897;t n&#7889;t m&#7909;n r&#245; r&#224;ng l&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u kh&#244;ng ai mong mu&#7889;n. Nh&#432;ng n&#7889;t m&#7909;n &#273;&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; c&#243; c&#7843;m gi&#225;c to ch&#224; b&#225; v&#224; &#273;au h&#417;n r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u khi ch&#7841;m v&#224;o n&#7871;u b&#7841;n &#273;ang chu&#7849;n b&#7883; cho m&#7897;t bu&#7893;i h&#7865;n h&#242; quan tr&#7885;ng, m&#7897;t cu&#7897;c h&#7885;p kinh doanh hay m&#7897;t bu&#7893;i ch&#7909;p &#7843;nh &#7903; tr&#432;&#7901;ng. Th&#7853;m ch&#237;, b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; s&#7869; c&#243; xu h&#432;&#7899;ng s&#7901; v&#224; t&#225;y m&#225;y n&#243; nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng.</p><p>C&#417;n &#273;au c&#361;ng ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n m&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i ta nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c (ho&#7863;c tin t&#432;&#7903;ng) v&#7873; n&#243;. V&#237; d&#7909;, sau ph&#7851;u thu&#7853;t ung th&#432; v&#250;, nh&#7919;ng b&#7879;nh nh&#226;n cho r&#7857;ng c&#417;n &#273;au l&#224; do b&#7879;nh ung th&#432; t&#225;i ph&#225;t s&#7869; c&#243; c&#7843;m gi&#225;c &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n m&#227;nh li&#7879;t v&#224; kh&#243; ch&#7883;u h&#417;n nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i cho r&#7857;ng c&#417;n &#273;au do m&#7897;t nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n kh&#225;c, b&#7845;t k&#7875; &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236; &#273;ang th&#7921;c s&#7921; x&#7843;y ra trong c&#225;c m&#244; c&#7911;a h&#7885;. Trong m&#7897;t v&#237; d&#7909; kh&#225;c, c&#225;c &#273;&#7889;i t&#432;&#7907;ng (nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#236;nh nguy&#7879;n!) &#273;&#7863;t &#273;&#7847;u v&#224;o m&#7897;t m&#225;y k&#237;ch th&#237;ch gi&#7843; (sham stimulator) v&#224; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c cho bi&#7871;t r&#7857;ng s&#7869; c&#243; m&#7897;t d&#242;ng &#273;i&#7879;n ch&#7841;y qua &#273;&#7847;u h&#7885;. C&#417;n &#273;au c&#7911;a h&#7885; t&#259;ng l&#234;n t&#432;&#417;ng &#7913;ng v&#7899;i c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; k&#237;ch th&#237;ch m&#224; h&#7885; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#244;ng b&#225;o, m&#7863;c d&#249; th&#7921;c t&#7871; l&#224; ho&#224;n to&#224;n kh&#244;ng c&#243; k&#237;ch th&#237;ch d&#242;ng &#273;i&#7879;n n&#224;o &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#432;a ra</p><p>S&#7921; thi&#7871;u ki&#7871;n th&#7913;c v&#224; thi&#7871;u hi&#7875;u bi&#7871;t c&#361;ng t&#7841;o ra nh&#7919;ng t&#237;n hi&#7879;u &#273;&#7847;u v&#224;o ri&#234;ng v&#224; l&#224;m t&#259;ng th&#234;m n&#7895;i s&#7907; h&#227;i. V&#237; d&#7909;, nh&#7919;ng c&#417;n &#273;au kh&#244;ng th&#7875; gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch &#273;&#432;&#7907;c, c&#417;n &#273;au k&#233;o d&#224;i dai d&#7859;ng v&#224; nh&#7919;ng ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng s&#226;u b&#234;n trong m&#224; b&#7841;n kh&#244;ng th&#7875; nh&#236;n th&#7845;y b&#7857;ng m&#7855;t th&#432;&#7901;ng (kh&#244;ng gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; h&#7847;u h&#7871;t c&#225;c ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng ngo&#224;i da), s&#7869; l&#224;m t&#259;ng c&#7843;m gi&#225;c b&#7883; &#273;e d&#7885;a c&#7911;a c&#417;n &#273;au. Khi b&#7879;nh nh&#226;n c&#224;ng c&#243; nhi&#7873;u th&#244;ng tin v&#7873; quy tr&#236;nh ph&#7851;u thu&#7853;t, th&#7853;m ch&#237; ch&#7881; c&#7847;n bi&#7871;t r&#7857;ng vi&#7879;c b&#7883; &#273;au sau ph&#7851;u thu&#7853;t l&#224; m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u ho&#224;n to&#224;n b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng, th&#236; l&#432;&#7907;ng thu&#7889;c gi&#7843;m &#273;au h&#7885; c&#7847;n d&#249;ng s&#7869; c&#224;ng &#237;t &#273;i v&#224; th&#7901;i gian n&#7857;m vi&#7879;n c&#361;ng s&#7869; ng&#7855;n h&#417;n.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!elI2!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe99bba77-0d31-41a0-a1a5-a98a1cb3df4a_952x762.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!elI2!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe99bba77-0d31-41a0-a1a5-a98a1cb3df4a_952x762.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!elI2!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe99bba77-0d31-41a0-a1a5-a98a1cb3df4a_952x762.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!elI2!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe99bba77-0d31-41a0-a1a5-a98a1cb3df4a_952x762.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!elI2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe99bba77-0d31-41a0-a1a5-a98a1cb3df4a_952x762.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!elI2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe99bba77-0d31-41a0-a1a5-a98a1cb3df4a_952x762.png" width="418" height="334.57563025210084" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!elI2!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe99bba77-0d31-41a0-a1a5-a98a1cb3df4a_952x762.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!elI2!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe99bba77-0d31-41a0-a1a5-a98a1cb3df4a_952x762.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!elI2!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe99bba77-0d31-41a0-a1a5-a98a1cb3df4a_952x762.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!elI2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe99bba77-0d31-41a0-a1a5-a98a1cb3df4a_952x762.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>M&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; &#273;au m&#224; m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i tr&#7843;i qua c&#242;n b&#7883; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng b&#7903;i nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i xung quanh h&#7885;. Trong c&#225;c th&#237; nghi&#7879;m v&#7873; c&#417;n &#273;au, nam gi&#7899;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7913;ng minh l&#224; c&#243; ng&#432;&#7905;ng ch&#7883;u &#273;au cao h&#417;n n&#7871;u ng&#432;&#7901;i ki&#7875;m tra h&#7885; l&#224; n&#7919; gi&#7899;i. Ngo&#224;i ra, khi &#273;i c&#249;ng v&#7899;i b&#7841;n &#273;&#7901;i c&#7911;a m&#236;nh, m&#7897;t b&#7879;nh nh&#226;n c&#243; ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#7841;n &#273;&#7901;i r&#7845;t &#226;n c&#7847;n v&#224; quan t&#226;m ch&#259;m s&#243;c s&#7869; c&#243; c&#7843;m gi&#225;c &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n so v&#7899;i m&#7897;t b&#7879;nh nh&#226;n c&#243; ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#7841;n &#273;&#7901;i th&#7901; &#417;. H&#227;y th&#7917; t&#7921; h&#7887;i m&#236;nh t&#7841;i sao l&#7841;i nh&#432; v&#7853;y?</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!70_8!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe620b776-f061-4efd-8224-0e252a3984e4_626x878.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!70_8!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe620b776-f061-4efd-8224-0e252a3984e4_626x878.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!70_8!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe620b776-f061-4efd-8224-0e252a3984e4_626x878.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!70_8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe620b776-f061-4efd-8224-0e252a3984e4_626x878.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!70_8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe620b776-f061-4efd-8224-0e252a3984e4_626x878.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!70_8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe620b776-f061-4efd-8224-0e252a3984e4_626x878.png" width="232" height="325.39297124600637" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e620b776-f061-4efd-8224-0e252a3984e4_626x878.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:878,&quot;width&quot;:626,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:232,&quot;bytes&quot;:427927,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/198826461?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe620b776-f061-4efd-8224-0e252a3984e4_626x878.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!70_8!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe620b776-f061-4efd-8224-0e252a3984e4_626x878.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!70_8!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe620b776-f061-4efd-8224-0e252a3984e4_626x878.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!70_8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe620b776-f061-4efd-8224-0e252a3984e4_626x878.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!70_8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe620b776-f061-4efd-8224-0e252a3984e4_626x878.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>.V&#224; cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng, m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng c&#417;n &#273;au ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n nh&#7845;t tr&#234;n h&#224;nh tinh l&#224; &#273;au r&#259;ng. N&#243; c&#361;ng ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u v&#224;o b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh. C&#243; ph&#7843;i n&#243; &#273;au h&#417;n v&#236; chi ph&#237; l&#224;m r&#259;ng qu&#225; &#273;&#7855;t &#273;&#7887;?. T&#7845;t c&#7843; c&#225;c nha s&#297; &#273;&#7873;u bi&#7871;t &#273;&#7871;n nh&#7919;ng b&#7879;nh nh&#226;n ph&#7843;i &#273;&#7863;t l&#7883;ch h&#7865;n kh&#7849;n c&#7845;p, nh&#432;ng c&#417;n &#273;au r&#259;ng l&#7841;i &#273;&#7897;t ng&#7897;t bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t ngay t&#7841;i kho&#7843;nh kh&#7855;c ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#243; b&#432;&#7899;c v&#224;o ph&#242;ng kh&#225;m nha khoa. &#272;au r&#259;ng l&#224; m&#7897;t v&#237; d&#7909; tuy&#7879;t v&#7901;i v&#7873; vi&#7879;c c&#417;n &#273;au th&#250;c &#273;&#7849;y b&#7841;n ph&#7843;i h&#224;nh &#273;&#7897;ng. N&#7871;u c&#417;n &#273;au c&#7911;a b&#7841;n &#273;&#227; bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t, c&#243; l&#7869; b&#7897; n&#227;o c&#7911;a b&#7841;n &#273;&#227; h&#224;i l&#242;ng v&#7899;i vi&#7879;c b&#7841;n &#273;&#227; th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n h&#224;nh &#273;&#7897;ng c&#7847;n thi&#7871;t (&#273;&#7871;n g&#7863;p nha s&#297;), th&#7853;m ch&#237; ngay c&#7843; tr&#432;&#7899;c khi nha s&#297; k&#7883;p nh&#236;n v&#224;o mi&#7879;ng b&#7841;n.</p><p><strong>B&#211;NG MA TRONG C&#416; TH&#7874; - &#221; ni&#7879;m v&#7873; c&#417; th&#7875; &#7843;o (Virtual body)</strong></p><p>&#272;au chi ma (Phantom limb pain) l&#224; tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m c&#7843;m th&#7845;y &#273;au &#7903; m&#7897;t b&#7897; ph&#7853;n c&#417; th&#7875; kh&#244;ng h&#7873; t&#7891;n t&#7841;i. B&#7843;y m&#432;&#417;i ph&#7847;n tr&#259;m (70%) s&#7889; ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#7883; m&#7845;t m&#7897;t chi tr&#7843;i qua c&#7843;m gi&#225;c v&#7873; chi ma n&#224;y. Kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n &#7903; tay v&#224; ch&#226;n; c&#225;c tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p v&#7873; v&#250; ma, d&#432;&#417;ng v&#7853;t ma v&#224; l&#432;&#7905;i ma c&#361;ng &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ghi nh&#7853;n. Ch&#250;ng t&#244;i tin r&#7857;ng t&#7845;t c&#7843; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;ang ph&#7843;i ch&#7883;u &#273;&#7921;ng c&#417;n &#273;au &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; th&#7875; nh&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c l&#7907;i &#237;ch t&#7915; vi&#7879;c hi&#7875;u th&#234;m v&#7873; ch&#7913;ng &#273;au chi ma</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_YrL!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6100b03a-ab40-4277-9b13-2f046d9c862d_680x966.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_YrL!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6100b03a-ab40-4277-9b13-2f046d9c862d_680x966.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_YrL!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6100b03a-ab40-4277-9b13-2f046d9c862d_680x966.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_YrL!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6100b03a-ab40-4277-9b13-2f046d9c862d_680x966.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_YrL!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6100b03a-ab40-4277-9b13-2f046d9c862d_680x966.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_YrL!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6100b03a-ab40-4277-9b13-2f046d9c862d_680x966.png" width="286" height="406.28823529411767" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6100b03a-ab40-4277-9b13-2f046d9c862d_680x966.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:966,&quot;width&quot;:680,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:286,&quot;bytes&quot;:507787,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/198826461?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6100b03a-ab40-4277-9b13-2f046d9c862d_680x966.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_YrL!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6100b03a-ab40-4277-9b13-2f046d9c862d_680x966.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_YrL!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6100b03a-ab40-4277-9b13-2f046d9c862d_680x966.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_YrL!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6100b03a-ab40-4277-9b13-2f046d9c862d_680x966.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_YrL!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6100b03a-ab40-4277-9b13-2f046d9c862d_680x966.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Nh&#7919;ng c&#7843;m gi&#225;c &#7903; m&#7897;t chi ma l&#224; ho&#224;n to&#224;n c&#243; th&#7853;t. N&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; ng&#7913;a, ng&#7913;a r&#226;m ran v&#224; &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n. Gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; c&#225;c lo&#7841;i &#273;au kh&#225;c, &#273;au chi ma tr&#7903; n&#234;n t&#7891;i t&#7879; h&#417;n khi ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#243; b&#7883; c&#259;ng th&#7859;ng. C&#225;c tri&#7879;u ch&#7913;ng c&#361;ng tr&#7903; n&#234;n t&#7891;i t&#7879; h&#417;n khi c&#243; ai &#273;&#243; ti&#7871;n l&#7841;i g&#7847;n v&#7883; tr&#237; c&#7911;a b&#7897; ph&#7853;n c&#417; th&#7875; &#273;&#225;ng l&#7869; ra n&#7857;m &#7903; &#273;&#243;; m&#7897;t s&#7889; ng&#432;&#7901;i th&#7853;m ch&#237; c&#242;n c&#7843;m th&#7845;y c&#7913;ng c&#225;c kh&#7899;p ma v&#224;o bu&#7893;i s&#225;ng. Nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#225;c b&#225;o c&#225;o l&#7841;i r&#7857;ng h&#7885; c&#7843;m nh&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c chi&#7871;c nh&#7851;n tr&#234;n c&#225;c ng&#243;n tay ma, c&#7843;m nh&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c v&#7883; tr&#237; ph&#7851;u thu&#7853;t c&#361;, hay &#273;&#244;i b&#224;n tay v&#7851;n n&#7855;m ch&#7863;t nh&#432; th&#7875; &#273;ang &#273;&#7863;t tr&#234;n ghi &#273;&#244;ng xe m&#225;y. M&#7897;t s&#7889; ng&#432;&#7901;i k&#7875; v&#7873; nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#244;i ch&#226;n ma &#8220;kh&#244;ng th&#7875; ng&#7915;ng b&#432;&#7899;c &#273;i&#8221;. &#272;au sau khi c&#7855;t c&#7909;t chi th&#432;&#7901;ng s&#7869; nghi&#234;m tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n n&#7871;u ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#243; &#273;&#227; c&#243; c&#417;n &#273;au t&#7915; tr&#432;&#7899;c khi ph&#7851;u thu&#7853;t c&#7855;t c&#7909;t. &#272;&#226;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c xem l&#224; m&#7897;t lo&#7841;i k&#253; &#7913;c v&#7873; c&#417;n &#273;au.</p><p>&#272;au chi ma cho ch&#250;ng ta bi&#7871;t v&#7873; s&#7921; &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n ho&#7863;c &#8220;b&#7843;n &#273;&#7891;&#8221; c&#7911;a chi &#273;&#243; (g&#7885;i l&#224; &#8220;chi &#7843;o&#8221;) b&#234;n trong b&#7897; n&#227;o. Tr&#234;n th&#7921;c t&#7871;, n&#227;o b&#7897; ch&#7913;a &#273;&#7921;ng r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u &#8220;c&#417; th&#7875; &#7843;o&#8221;. C&#225;c c&#417; th&#7875; &#7843;o n&#224;y gi&#250;p ch&#250;ng ta bi&#7871;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#417; th&#7875; th&#7853;t c&#7911;a m&#236;nh &#273;ang &#7903; &#273;&#226;u trong kh&#244;ng gian. H&#227;y th&#7917; nh&#7855;m m&#7855;t l&#7841;i v&#224; v&#7899;i tay l&#7845;y m&#7897;t chi&#7871;c c&#7889;c. B&#7841;n v&#7851;n c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; v&#236; n&#227;o b&#7897; c&#7911;a b&#7841;n s&#7917; d&#7909;ng c&#417; th&#7875; &#7843;o &#273;&#7875; bi&#7871;t c&#417; th&#7875; th&#7853;t &#273;ang n&#7857;m &#7903; &#273;&#226;u. Trong tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p chi ma, m&#7863;c d&#249; c&#225;i ch&#226;n &#273;&#227; m&#7845;t &#273;i, nh&#432;ng &#8220;c&#225;i ch&#226;n &#7843;o&#8221; v&#224; m&#7889;i li&#234;n h&#7879; c&#7911;a c&#225;i ch&#226;n &#273;&#243; v&#7899;i ph&#7847;n c&#242;n l&#7841;i c&#7911;a c&#417; th&#7875; v&#7851;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n b&#234;n trong n&#227;o b&#7897;. Th&#7853;m ch&#237; ngay c&#7843; khi b&#7841;n sinh ra &#273;&#227; kh&#244;ng c&#243; chi, b&#7841;n v&#7851;n c&#243; th&#7875; c&#243; c&#7843;m gi&#225;c v&#7873; nh&#7919;ng chi ma n&#224;y.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y cho ch&#250;ng ta bi&#7871;t r&#7857;ng ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n ph&#7843;i c&#243; m&#7897;t c&#417; th&#7875; &#7843;o t&#7891;n t&#7841;i trong n&#227;o b&#7897; ngay t&#7915; khi ch&#250;ng ta m&#7899;i sinh ra. C&#417; th&#7875; &#7843;o n&#224;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&#226;y d&#7921;ng, tinh ch&#7881;nh v&#224; b&#7893; sung th&#234;m khi ch&#250;ng ta l&#7899;n l&#234;n v&#224; l&#224;m nh&#7919;ng vi&#7879;c m&#7899;i. V&#237; d&#7909; nh&#432; vi&#7879;c h&#7885;c c&#225;ch &#273;&#225; m&#7897;t qu&#7843; b&#243;ng. B&#7843;n &#273;&#7891; c&#7911;a ch&#226;n s&#7869; li&#234;n k&#7871;t v&#7899;i c&#225;c v&#249;ng trong n&#227;o b&#7897; li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n s&#7921; th&#259;ng b&#7857;ng, s&#7921; ph&#7889;i h&#7907;p v&#224; vi&#7879;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng c&#225;c c&#417; b&#7855;p c&#7909; th&#7875;. M&#7897;t s&#7889; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u s&#7917; d&#7909;ng h&#236;nh &#7843;nh ch&#7909;p n&#227;o &#273;&#227; ch&#7881; ra r&#7857;ng ch&#7913;ng &#273;au chi ma c&#243; li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n nh&#7919;ng s&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i s&#226;u r&#7897;ng trong c&#225;ch t&#7893; ch&#7913;c c&#225;c b&#7897; ph&#7853;n c&#7911;a n&#227;o b&#7897;. Th&#7921;c t&#7871;, c&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u h&#236;nh &#7843;nh h&#7885;c cho th&#7845;y nh&#7919;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i r&#245; r&#7879;t x&#7843;y ra trong n&#227;o b&#7897; &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i b&#7845;t k&#7923; t&#236;nh tr&#7841;ng &#273;au m&#227;n t&#237;nh n&#224;o, ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; ri&#234;ng ch&#7913;ng &#273;au chi ma. Nh&#7919;ng s&#7921; bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7893;i n&#224;y d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n nh&#7919;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i trong c&#417; th&#7875; &#7843;o. V&#237; d&#7909;, trong tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p &#273;au ch&#226;n ma, v&#249;ng n&#227;o li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n ch&#226;n th&#7921;c s&#7921; b&#7883; &#8220;nho&#232; &#273;i&#8221; (smudges), khi&#7871;n cho kh&#244;ng c&#242;n m&#7897;t &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng n&#233;t r&#245; r&#224;ng n&#224;o c&#7911;a c&#225;i ch&#226;n &#7843;o trong n&#227;o b&#7897; n&#7919;a</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zgIz!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc2450491-d737-4704-9892-ec1d87028481_1034x950.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zgIz!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc2450491-d737-4704-9892-ec1d87028481_1034x950.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zgIz!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc2450491-d737-4704-9892-ec1d87028481_1034x950.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zgIz!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc2450491-d737-4704-9892-ec1d87028481_1034x950.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zgIz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc2450491-d737-4704-9892-ec1d87028481_1034x950.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!zgIz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc2450491-d737-4704-9892-ec1d87028481_1034x950.png" width="418" height="384.0425531914894" 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class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><strong>TU&#7892;I T&#193;C, GI&#7898;I T&#205;NH, V&#258;N H&#211;A V&#192; C&#416;N &#272;AU</strong></p><p>T&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng ch&#237;nh x&#225;c c&#7911;a tu&#7893;i t&#225;c, v&#259;n h&#243;a v&#224; gi&#7899;i t&#237;nh l&#234;n c&#417;n &#273;au l&#224; m&#7897;t ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; r&#7845;t kh&#243; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#224; ch&#432;a &#273;&#432;&#7907;c hi&#7875;u bi&#7871;t m&#7897;t c&#225;ch &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911;, m&#7863;c d&#249; nh&#7919;ng nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u trong l&#297;nh v&#7921;c n&#224;y &#273;ang ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n r&#7845;t nhanh ch&#243;ng</p><p><strong>Tu&#7893;i t&#225;c:</strong> Quan &#273;i&#7875;m y khoa tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#226;y th&#432;&#7901;ng cho r&#7857;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#7899;n tu&#7893;i v&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i tr&#7867; tu&#7893;i (tr&#7867; em) c&#7843;m th&#7845;y &#237;t &#273;au h&#417;n so v&#7899;i ng&#432;&#7901;i &#7903; &#273;&#7897; tu&#7893;i trung ni&#234;n. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y l&#224; ho&#224;n to&#224;n kh&#244;ng &#273;&#250;ng. C&#225;ch t&#432; duy v&#7873; c&#417;n &#273;au &#273;&#432;&#7907;c tr&#236;nh b&#224;y trong cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch n&#224;y c&#243; gi&#225; tr&#7883; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng cho m&#7885;i l&#7913;a tu&#7893;i, &#273;i k&#232;m v&#7899;i s&#7921; &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh khi c&#7847;n thi&#7871;t. N&#243;i chung, n&#7871;u m&#7897;t thanh ch&#7855;n t&#224;u h&#7887;a r&#417;i v&#7899;i m&#7897;t l&#7921;c &#273;&#7873;u nhau xu&#7889;ng m&#7897;t &#273;&#7913;a tr&#7867; 10 tu&#7893;i, m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i 45 tu&#7893;i v&#224; m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i 62 tu&#7893;i, t&#7845;t c&#7843; h&#7885; &#273;&#7873;u s&#7869; n&#243;i r&#7857;ng n&#243; &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n nh&#432; nhau &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i c&#249;ng m&#7897;t l&#7921;c t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng. M&#7863;c d&#249; v&#7853;y, ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i c&#250; va &#273;&#7853;p &#273;&#243; s&#7869; kh&#225;c nhau t&#249;y theo &#273;&#7897; tu&#7893;i. M&#7897;t em b&#233; s&#417; sinh s&#7869; g&#224;o th&#233;t, m&#7897;t &#273;&#7913;a tr&#7867; s&#7869; kh&#243;c, trong khi m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#7899;n c&#243; th&#7875; ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng theo nhi&#7873;u c&#225;ch kh&#225;c nhau, bao g&#7891;m c&#7843; vi&#7879;c kh&#7903;i ki&#7879;n c&#244;ng ty &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng s&#7855;t.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kzef!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47731fd3-37d5-478e-aa8d-10f2aa498e7b_1176x532.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kzef!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47731fd3-37d5-478e-aa8d-10f2aa498e7b_1176x532.png 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kzef!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47731fd3-37d5-478e-aa8d-10f2aa498e7b_1176x532.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kzef!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47731fd3-37d5-478e-aa8d-10f2aa498e7b_1176x532.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kzef!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47731fd3-37d5-478e-aa8d-10f2aa498e7b_1176x532.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kzef!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F47731fd3-37d5-478e-aa8d-10f2aa498e7b_1176x532.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>M&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n c&#7911;a m&#7897;t s&#7889; c&#417;n &#273;au, ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; &#273;au l&#432;ng, s&#7869; thay &#273;&#7893;i trong su&#7889;t cu&#7897;c &#273;&#7901;i con ng&#432;&#7901;i. V&#237; d&#7909;, nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i tr&#234;n 60 tu&#7893;i &#237;t b&#7883; &#273;au l&#432;ng h&#417;n so v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i d&#432;&#7899;i 60 tu&#7893;i. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y m&#7897;t l&#7847;n n&#7919;a cho th&#7845;y c&#417;n &#273;au kh&#244;ng nh&#7845;t thi&#7871;t li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; tho&#225;i h&#243;a c&#7911;a m&#244;, m&#7863;c d&#249; m&#7897;t s&#7889; t&#236;nh tr&#7841;ng b&#7879;nh l&#253; c&#243; th&#7875; g&#226;y &#273;au nh&#432; vi&#234;m x&#432;&#417;ng kh&#7899;p l&#7841;i tr&#7903; n&#234;n ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n h&#417;n khi tu&#7893;i t&#225;c t&#259;ng l&#234;n.</p><p>B&#7841;n &#273;&#227; bao gi&#7901; nh&#7853;n th&#7845;y r&#7857;ng khi tr&#7867; s&#417; sinh b&#7883; &#273;au, ch&#250;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#236;n b&#7889; m&#7865; tr&#432;&#7899;c khi g&#224;o kh&#243;c l&#234;n ch&#432;a?. B&#7889; m&#7865; c&#243; th&#7875; &#8220;truy&#7873;n &#273;&#7841;t&#8221; cho tr&#7867; s&#417; sinh v&#7873; &#253; ngh&#297;a c&#7911;a th&#244;ng tin c&#7843;m gi&#225;c m&#224; ch&#250;ng &#273;ang nh&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c (c&#361;ng gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; c&#225;c chuy&#234;n gia y t&#7871; th&#432;&#7901;ng truy&#7873;n &#273;&#7841;t cho b&#7879;nh nh&#226;n, d&#249; &#273;&#250;ng hay sai, v&#7873; &#253; ngh&#297;a c&#7911;a nh&#7919;ng t&#237;n hi&#7879;u c&#7843;m gi&#225;c &#273;&#243;). T&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng ban &#273;&#7847;u c&#7911;a vi&#7879;c &#8220;g&#225;n &#253; ngh&#297;a&#8221; n&#224;y &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u th&#244;ng qua vi&#7879;c ti&#234;m ch&#7911;ng: m&#361;i ti&#234;m th&#7913; hai m&#224; m&#7897;t &#273;&#7913;a tr&#7867; nh&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#432;&#7901;ng g&#226;y ra nhi&#7873;u h&#224;nh vi bi&#7875;u hi&#7879;n &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n h&#417;n (v&#237; d&#7909;: la h&#233;t, n&#233; tr&#225;nh) so v&#7899;i m&#361;i ti&#234;m &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n. Ngo&#224;i ra, trong qu&#225; tr&#236;nh ti&#234;m ch&#7911;ng, h&#224;nh vi bi&#7875;u hi&#7879;n &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n c&#7911;a m&#7897;t b&#233; trai &#273;&#227; c&#7855;t bao quy &#273;&#7847;u s&#7869; r&#245; r&#224;ng h&#417;n nhi&#7873;u so v&#7899;i m&#7897;t b&#233; trai ch&#432;a c&#7855;t bao quy &#273;&#7847;u.</p><p><strong>Gi&#7899;i t&#237;nh:</strong> Nh&#7919;ng kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t trong tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m &#273;au c&#243; th&#7875; do c&#225;c c&#417; quan sinh s&#7843;n v&#224;/ho&#7863;c vai tr&#242; gi&#7899;i t&#237;nh trong x&#227; h&#7897;i quy &#273;&#7883;nh. V&#237; d&#7909;, ch&#250;ng c&#243; th&#7875; tu&#226;n theo nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#7883;nh ki&#7871;n: vai tr&#242; c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#224;m m&#7865; hay l&#224;m cha, ph&#7909; n&#7919; &#273;i gi&#224;y cao g&#243;t, &#273;&#224;n &#244;ng c&#243; b&#7909;ng bia, ph&#7909; n&#7919; c&#243; b&#7897; ng&#7921;c l&#7899;n, nh&#7919;ng y&#234;u c&#7847;u c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c theo khu&#244;n m&#7851;u, s&#7903; th&#237;ch hay c&#225;c m&#244;n th&#7875; thao m&#224; h&#7885; ch&#417;i. Nh&#7919;ng kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t v&#7873; c&#417;n &#273;au n&#224;y th&#432;&#7901;ng do vai tr&#242; x&#227; h&#7897;i kh&#225;c nhau g&#226;y ra ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i do s&#7921; kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t v&#7873; m&#7863;t sinh h&#7885;c.</p><p>C&#243; m&#7897;t l&#7847;m t&#432;&#7903;ng ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n r&#7857;ng ph&#7909; n&#7919; c&#243; ng&#432;&#7905;ng ch&#7883;u &#273;au v&#224; s&#7913;c ch&#7883;u &#273;&#7921;ng th&#7845;p h&#417;n nam gi&#7899;i, &#237;t nh&#7845;t l&#224; cho &#273;&#7871;n khi ph&#7909; n&#7919; tr&#7843;i qua qu&#225; tr&#236;nh sinh n&#7903;, l&#250;c &#273;&#243; ng&#432;&#7905;ng &#273;au v&#224; s&#7913;c ch&#7883;u &#273;&#7921;ng c&#7911;a h&#7885; b&#7895;ng nhi&#234;n t&#259;ng l&#234;n m&#7897;t c&#225;ch &#8220;k&#7923; di&#7879;u&#8221;. Th&#7921;c t&#7871; c&#243; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng cao l&#224; nhi&#7873;u ph&#7909; n&#7919; s&#7869; b&#225;o c&#225;o c&#417;n &#273;au m&#7897;t c&#225;ch trung th&#7921;c h&#417;n cho &#273;&#7871;n khi h&#7885; tr&#7843;i qua qu&#225; tr&#236;nh sinh n&#7903;, v&#224;o th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#243; h&#7885; c&#7843;m th&#7845;y &#8220;b&#7855;t bu&#7897;c&#8221; ph&#7843;i t&#7887; ra &#8220;c&#7913;ng r&#7855;n h&#417;n&#8221;. V&#7851;n c&#243; m&#7897;t xu h&#432;&#7899;ng l&#224; vi&#7879;c k&#234; &#273;&#417;n thu&#7889;c gi&#7843;m &#273;au cho b&#7879;nh nh&#226;n n&#7919; th&#432;&#7901;ng &#237;t h&#417;n so v&#7899;i nam gi&#7899;i, &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y cho th&#7845;y c&#225;c chuy&#234;n gia y t&#7871; c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#227; &#8220;t&#226;m l&#253; h&#243;a&#8221; c&#417;n &#273;au c&#7911;a ph&#7909; n&#7919; nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n so v&#7899;i c&#417;n &#273;au c&#7911;a nam gi&#7899;i.</p><p>Ch&#250;ng ta c&#361;ng c&#7847;n th&#7915;a nh&#7853;n r&#7857;ng h&#7847;u h&#7871;t c&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#7873; c&#417;n &#273;au cho &#273;&#7871;n nay &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n tr&#234;n &#273;&#7897;ng v&#7853;t gi&#7889;ng &#273;&#7921;c b&#7903;i c&#225;c nh&#224; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u l&#224; nam gi&#7899;i. C&#243; l&#7869; s&#7921; hi&#7875;u bi&#7871;t c&#7911;a ch&#250;ng ta v&#7873; c&#417;n &#273;au s&#7869; thay &#273;&#7893;i khi nh&#7919;ng quy chu&#7849;n nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u n&#224;y thay &#273;&#7893;i.</p><p><strong>V&#259;n h&#243;a:</strong> C&#225;c nghi l&#7877; tr&#432;&#7903;ng th&#224;nh l&#224; m&#7897;t v&#237; d&#7909; tuy&#7879;t v&#7901;i v&#7873; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng c&#7911;a v&#259;n h&#243;a; ch&#250;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng bao g&#7891;m nh&#7919;ng ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng nghi&#234;m tr&#7885;ng nh&#432;ng hi&#7871;m khi &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#244; t&#7843; l&#224; &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n. T&#7841;i sao c&#417;n &#273;au l&#7841;i l&#224; m&#7897;t ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng h&#7907;p l&#253; khi m&#7909;c &#273;&#237;ch c&#7911;a nghi l&#7877; tr&#432;&#7903;ng th&#224;nh l&#224; &#273;&#7875; ch&#7913;ng t&#7887; s&#7921; nam t&#237;nh?. Th&#7871; c&#242;n nh&#7919;ng cu&#7897;c &#273;&#243;ng &#273;inh v&#224;o l&#7877; Ph&#7909;c sinh (ho&#224;n to&#224;n t&#7921; nguy&#7879;n) &#7903; Philippines th&#236; sao &#8211; r&#7845;t &#237;t ho&#7863;c kh&#244;ng c&#243; b&#225;o c&#225;o n&#224;o v&#7873; vi&#7879;c c&#7843;m th&#7845;y &#273;au. V&#7853;y th&#236;, t&#7841;i sao c&#417;n &#273;au l&#7841;i l&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u h&#7907;p l&#253; khi m&#7909;c &#273;&#237;ch c&#7911;a vi&#7879;c &#273;&#243;ng &#273;inh l&#224; &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7871;n g&#7847;n h&#417;n v&#7899;i Ch&#250;a?.</p><p>Nhi&#7873;u nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u &#273;&#227; b&#225;o c&#225;o s&#7921; kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t v&#7873; ng&#432;&#7905;ng &#273;au v&#224; ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i c&#417;n &#273;au gi&#7919;a nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i thu&#7897;c c&#225;c n&#7873;n v&#259;n h&#243;a kh&#225;c nhau. V&#237; d&#7909;, m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; nhi&#7879;t b&#7913;c x&#7841; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c cho l&#224; g&#226;y &#273;au &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i ng&#432;&#7901;i d&#226;n v&#249;ng &#272;&#7883;a Trung H&#7843;i th&#236; l&#7841;i ch&#7881; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c xem l&#224; &#7845;m &#225;p &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i ng&#432;&#7901;i d&#226;n B&#7855;c &#194;u</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fEob!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb726ade1-2185-4293-8b3d-db457ec179a8_502x386.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fEob!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb726ade1-2185-4293-8b3d-db457ec179a8_502x386.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fEob!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb726ade1-2185-4293-8b3d-db457ec179a8_502x386.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fEob!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb726ade1-2185-4293-8b3d-db457ec179a8_502x386.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fEob!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb726ade1-2185-4293-8b3d-db457ec179a8_502x386.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fEob!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb726ade1-2185-4293-8b3d-db457ec179a8_502x386.png" width="330" height="253.74501992031873" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fEob!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb726ade1-2185-4293-8b3d-db457ec179a8_502x386.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fEob!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb726ade1-2185-4293-8b3d-db457ec179a8_502x386.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fEob!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb726ade1-2185-4293-8b3d-db457ec179a8_502x386.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fEob!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb726ade1-2185-4293-8b3d-db457ec179a8_502x386.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>T&#243;m l&#7841;i, c&#417;n &#273;au c&#7911;a b&#7841;n s&#7869; kh&#244;ng bao gi&#7901; gi&#7889;ng v&#7899;i c&#417;n &#273;au m&#224; chuy&#234;n gia y t&#7871; c&#7911;a b&#7841;n ho&#7863;c b&#7845;t k&#7923; ai kh&#225;c t&#7915;ng tr&#7843;i qua.</p><p><strong>T&#211;M T&#7854;T PH&#7846;N 1 (RECAP SECTION 1)</strong></p><ul><li><p>M&#7885;i tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m &#273;au &#273;&#7873;u l&#224; m&#7897;t ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#432;&#7899;c nh&#7919;ng g&#236; b&#7897; n&#227;o c&#7911;a b&#7841;n cho l&#224; m&#7897;t m&#7889;i &#273;e d&#7885;a.</p></li><li><p>M&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n m&#224; b&#7841;n tr&#7843;i qua kh&#244;ng nh&#7845;t thi&#7871;t li&#234;n quan t&#7927; l&#7879; thu&#7853;n v&#7899;i m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng c&#7911;a m&#244;.</p></li><li><p>Vi&#7879;c ki&#7871;n t&#7841;o n&#234;n tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m &#273;au c&#7911;a n&#227;o b&#7897; ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u t&#237;n hi&#7879;u c&#7843;m gi&#225;c kh&#225;c nhau.</p></li><li><p>&#272;au chi ma &#273;&#243;ng vai tr&#242; nh&#432; m&#7897;t l&#7901;i nh&#7855;c nh&#7903; v&#7873; s&#7921; hi&#7879;n di&#7879;n c&#7911;a &#8220;chi &#7843;o&#8221; (hay c&#417; th&#7875; &#7843;o) b&#234;n trong n&#227;o b&#7897;.</p></li></ul>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[[PHẦN 1] Giải thích về Đau (Dịch sách Explain Pain - Second Edition)]]></title><description><![CDATA[T&#225;c gi&#7843;: David Butler & Lorimer Moseley | Minh h&#7885;a: Sunyata]]></description><link>https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/phan-1-giai-thich-ve-au-dich-sach</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/phan-1-giai-thich-ve-au-dich-sach</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[The Thinking Trainer]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 22 May 2026 09:29:24 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!am-_!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5060c262-8405-4205-9970-a4312d96cfc8_1122x1196.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!am-_!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5060c262-8405-4205-9970-a4312d96cfc8_1122x1196.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!am-_!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5060c262-8405-4205-9970-a4312d96cfc8_1122x1196.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!am-_!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5060c262-8405-4205-9970-a4312d96cfc8_1122x1196.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!am-_!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5060c262-8405-4205-9970-a4312d96cfc8_1122x1196.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!am-_!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5060c262-8405-4205-9970-a4312d96cfc8_1122x1196.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img 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class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p><em>T&#225;c gi&#7843;: David Butler &amp; Lorimer Moseley | Minh h&#7885;a: Sunyata</em></p><p>T&#7845;t c&#7843; c&#225;c c&#417;n &#273;au &#273;&#7873;u l&#224; th&#7853;t, v&#224; &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i, n&#243; l&#224; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n g&#226;y suy nh&#432;&#7907;c trong cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng h&#224;ng ng&#224;y. Tuy nhi&#234;n, khoa h&#7885;c &#273;&#227; ch&#7913;ng minh r&#7857;ng: khi ch&#250;ng ta c&#224;ng hi&#7875;u r&#245; v&#7873; c&#417;n &#273;au, ch&#250;ng ta s&#7869; c&#224;ng &#237;t b&#7883; &#273;au h&#417;n.</p><p>Cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch <strong>&#8220;Explain Pain&#8221; (Gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch v&#7873; &#272;au)</strong> l&#224; m&#7897;t cu&#7889;n c&#7849;m nang v&#244; gi&#225; d&#224;nh cho c&#225;c nh&#224; l&#226;m s&#224;ng, nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;ang b&#7883; &#273;au v&#224; c&#7843; gia &#273;&#236;nh c&#7911;a h&#7885;. D&#7921;a tr&#234;n nh&#7919;ng ti&#7871;n b&#7897; c&#7911;a sinh l&#253; th&#7847;n kinh h&#7885;c hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i, ch&#7849;n &#273;o&#225;n h&#236;nh &#7843;nh n&#227;o b&#7897;, mi&#7877;n d&#7883;ch h&#7885;c, t&#226;m l&#253; h&#7885;c v&#224; khoa h&#7885;c v&#7873; c&#417;n &#273;au, cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch mang &#273;&#7871;n m&#7897;t g&#243;c nh&#236;n mang t&#237;nh c&#225;ch m&#7841;ng trong vi&#7879;c ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n v&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u tr&#7883; &#273;au.</p><p>Thay v&#236; nh&#7919;ng thu&#7853;t ng&#7919; ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p, cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch s&#7917; d&#7909;ng ng&#244;n ng&#7919; d&#7877; hi&#7875;u &#273;&#7875; gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch c&#225;ch tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m &#273;au &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ki&#7871;n t&#7841;o nh&#7857;m ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng l&#7841;i c&#225;c m&#7889;i nguy hi&#7875;m ho&#7863;c m&#7889;i &#273;e d&#7885;a &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i c&#417; th&#7875;, v&#224; b&#7883; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng b&#7903;i suy ngh&#297;, ni&#7873;m tin c&#361;ng nh&#432; b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh c&#7911;a ch&#250;ng ta. Ki&#7871;n th&#7913;c n&#224;y ch&#237;nh l&#224; ch&#236;a kh&#243;a &#273;&#7875; ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i.</p><p>Trong lo&#7841;t b&#224;i vi&#7871;t s&#7855;p t&#7899;i tr&#234;n website, t&#244;i s&#7869; l&#7847;n l&#432;&#7907;t d&#7883;ch v&#224; chia s&#7867; c&#225;c n&#7897;i dung c&#7889;t l&#245;i t&#7915; cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch n&#224;y, &#273;i s&#226;u v&#224;o 6 ph&#7847;n ch&#237;nh:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 1 - S&#7921; b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng c&#7911;a c&#417;n &#273;au:</strong> T&#236;m hi&#7875;u l&#253; do t&#7841;i sao &#273;au l&#7841;i l&#224; m&#7897;t thi&#7871;t b&#7883; b&#7843;o v&#7879; m&#7841;nh m&#7869;, c&#361;ng nh&#432; c&#225;ch c&#417;n &#273;au ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o c&#225;c b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh kh&#225;c nhau (k&#7875; c&#7843; tu&#7893;i t&#225;c, gi&#7899;i t&#237;nh v&#224; v&#259;n h&#243;a).</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 2 - H&#7879; th&#7889;ng c&#7843;nh b&#225;o nguy hi&#7875;m:</strong> Kh&#225;m ph&#225; c&#7845;u t&#7841;o c&#7911;a c&#225;c c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n b&#225;o &#273;&#7897;ng v&#224; c&#225;ch th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p nguy hi&#7875;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&#7917; l&#253; xuy&#234;n su&#7889;t t&#7915; t&#7911;y s&#7889;ng &#273;&#7871;n n&#227;o b&#7897;.</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 3 - C&#417; th&#7875; b&#7883; t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng v&#224; suy y&#7871;u:</strong> L&#224;m r&#245; s&#7921; th&#7853;t v&#7873; c&#417; b&#7855;p, t&#236;nh tr&#7841;ng vi&#234;m nhi&#7877;m, v&#224; nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#243;ng g&#243;p c&#7911;a kh&#7899;p, x&#432;&#417;ng, m&#244; m&#7873;m c&#249;ng c&#225;c d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh ngo&#7841;i bi&#234;n.</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 4 - S&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng b&#225;o &#273;&#7897;ng trung &#432;&#417;ng:</strong> C&#225;ch n&#227;o b&#7897; th&#237;ch nghi v&#7899;i c&#417;n &#273;au v&#224; t&#7841;o ra c&#225;c ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng th&#244;ng qua h&#7879; th&#7847;n kinh giao c&#7843;m, ph&#243; giao c&#7843;m, h&#7879; mi&#7877;n d&#7883;ch v&#224; c&#225;c chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng.</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 5 - C&#225;c m&#244; h&#236;nh qu&#7843;n l&#253; hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i:</strong> C&#225;ch nh&#7853;n di&#7879;n c&#225;c m&#7889;i &#273;e d&#7885;a ti&#7873;m &#7849;n, phong c&#225;ch gi&#7843;i quy&#7871;t v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; v&#224; &#273;&#7883;nh h&#236;nh l&#7841;i m&#7889;i quan h&#7879; c&#7911;a b&#7841;n v&#7899;i c&#417;n &#273;au.</p></li><li><p><strong>Ph&#7847;n 6 - C&#225;c c&#244;ng c&#7909; qu&#7843;n l&#253; thi&#7871;t y&#7871;u:</strong> T&#7847;m quan tr&#7885;ng c&#7911;a vi&#7879;c gi&#225;o d&#7909;c s&#7921; hi&#7875;u bi&#7871;t, k&#7929; n&#259;ng ph&#226;n b&#7893; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng (pacing), ti&#7871;p x&#250;c d&#7847;n d&#7847;n (graded exposure) v&#224; c&#225;ch ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n c&#417; th&#7875; &#7843;o (virtual body).</p></li></ul><p>D&#249; b&#7841;n l&#224; m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;ang ph&#7843;i &#273;&#7889;i m&#7863;t v&#7899;i c&#225;c c&#417;n &#273;au dai d&#7859;ng, hay m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#224;m chuy&#234;n m&#244;n tr&#7883; li&#7879;u, hu&#7845;n luy&#7879;n mu&#7889;n t&#236;m ki&#7871;m c&#225;c m&#244; h&#236;nh qu&#7843;n l&#253; &#273;au hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i, nh&#7919;ng ki&#7871;n th&#7913;c trong cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch n&#224;y s&#7869; gi&#250;p b&#7841;n hi&#7875;u r&#245; t&#236;nh tr&#7841;ng c&#7911;a m&#236;nh v&#224; &#273;&#432;a ra c&#225;c l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n t&#7889;t nh&#7845;t cho qu&#225; tr&#236;nh ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i.</p><div><hr></div><p><strong>PH&#7846;N 1: M&#7902; &#272;&#7846;U (INTRODUCTION SECTION 1)</strong></p><p>Kh&#244;ng ai th&#7921;c s&#7921; mu&#7889;n b&#7883; &#273;au c&#7843;. M&#7897;t khi c&#417;n &#273;au xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n, b&#7841;n ch&#7881; mu&#7889;n r&#361; b&#7887; n&#243; ngay l&#7853;p t&#7913;c. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y l&#224; ho&#224;n to&#224;n d&#7877; hi&#7875;u v&#236; &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n l&#224; m&#7897;t c&#7843;m gi&#225;c r&#7845;t kh&#243; ch&#7883;u. Nh&#432;ng ch&#237;nh s&#7921; kh&#243; ch&#7883;u n&#224;y l&#7841;i l&#224; th&#7913; khi&#7871;n c&#417;n &#273;au ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng v&#244; c&#249;ng hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; v&#224; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n thi&#7871;t y&#7871;u c&#7911;a cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng. C&#417;n &#273;au b&#7843;o v&#7879; b&#7841;n, n&#243; c&#7843;nh b&#225;o cho b&#7841;n v&#7873; nh&#7919;ng m&#7889;i nguy hi&#7875;m, th&#432;&#7901;ng l&#224; ngay t&#7915; tr&#432;&#7899;c khi b&#7841;n b&#7883; th&#432;&#417;ng ho&#7863;c b&#7883; th&#432;&#417;ng n&#7863;ng. N&#243; khi&#7871;n b&#7841;n ph&#7843;i thay &#273;&#7893;i c&#225;ch di chuy&#7875;n, c&#225;ch suy ngh&#297; v&#224; h&#224;nh x&#7917;, &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y mang &#253; ngh&#297;a s&#7889;ng c&#242;n &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i qu&#225; tr&#236;nh ch&#7919;a l&#224;nh.</p><p>&#272;&#244;i khi, h&#7879; th&#7889;ng b&#225;o &#273;au c&#7911;a ch&#250;ng ta d&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#432; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng h&#417;i &#8220;k&#7923; l&#7841;&#8221; &#8211; gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; vi&#7879;c b&#7841;n gi&#7851;m ph&#7843;i m&#7897;t chi&#7871;c &#273;inh v&#224;o ng&#243;n ch&#226;n m&#224; c&#243; th&#7875; kh&#244;ng h&#7873; th&#7845;y &#273;au cho &#273;&#7871;n khi b&#7841;n nh&#236;n th&#7845;y m&#225;u &#7903; v&#7871;t th&#432;&#417;ng. &#7902; nh&#7919;ng tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p kh&#225;c, h&#7879; th&#7889;ng n&#224;y l&#7841;i ho&#224;n to&#224;n th&#7845;t b&#7841;i &#8211; m&#7897;t s&#7889; c&#259;n b&#7879;nh ung th&#432; &#273;e d&#7885;a t&#237;nh m&#7841;ng l&#7841;i kh&#244;ng h&#7873; g&#226;y &#273;au, &#273;&#243; ch&#237;nh l&#224; l&#253; do t&#7841;i sao ch&#250;ng c&#243; th&#7875; &#226;m th&#7847;m ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n m&#224; kh&#244;ng b&#7883; ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n v&#224; tr&#7903; n&#234;n r&#7845;t nguy hi&#7875;m.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NJHb!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ca25cf1-39a8-4c70-b95a-74be0aa798b6_760x712.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NJHb!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ca25cf1-39a8-4c70-b95a-74be0aa798b6_760x712.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NJHb!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ca25cf1-39a8-4c70-b95a-74be0aa798b6_760x712.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NJHb!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ca25cf1-39a8-4c70-b95a-74be0aa798b6_760x712.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NJHb!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ca25cf1-39a8-4c70-b95a-74be0aa798b6_760x712.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NJHb!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ca25cf1-39a8-4c70-b95a-74be0aa798b6_760x712.png" width="372" height="348.5052631578947" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1ca25cf1-39a8-4c70-b95a-74be0aa798b6_760x712.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:712,&quot;width&quot;:760,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:372,&quot;bytes&quot;:340197,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/198818559?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ca25cf1-39a8-4c70-b95a-74be0aa798b6_760x712.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NJHb!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ca25cf1-39a8-4c70-b95a-74be0aa798b6_760x712.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NJHb!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ca25cf1-39a8-4c70-b95a-74be0aa798b6_760x712.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NJHb!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ca25cf1-39a8-4c70-b95a-74be0aa798b6_760x712.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!NJHb!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1ca25cf1-39a8-4c70-b95a-74be0aa798b6_760x712.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>T&#225;c gi&#7843; tin r&#7857;ng m&#7885;i tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n &#273;&#7873;u l&#224; b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng v&#224; l&#224; m&#7897;t ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng xu&#7845;t s&#7855;c (d&#249; kh&#243; ch&#7883;u) &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng g&#236; b&#7897; n&#227;o c&#7911;a b&#7841;n &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; l&#224; m&#7897;t t&#236;nh hu&#7889;ng &#273;ang &#273;e d&#7885;a &#273;&#7871;n c&#417; th&#7875;. B&#7841;n c&#7847;n hi&#7875;u r&#7857;ng: ngay c&#7843; khi c&#225;c v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; th&#7921;c s&#7921; t&#7891;n t&#7841;i trong kh&#7899;p, c&#417;, d&#226;y ch&#7857;ng, d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh, h&#7879; mi&#7877;n d&#7883;ch hay b&#7845;t k&#7923; &#273;&#226;u trong c&#417; th&#7875;, b&#7841;n s&#7869; kh&#244;ng c&#7843;m th&#7845;y &#273;au n&#7871;u n&#227;o b&#7897; cho r&#7857;ng b&#7841;n kh&#244;ng g&#7863;p nguy hi&#7875;m. Theo c&#249;ng m&#7897;t c&#417; ch&#7871;, ngay c&#7843; khi kh&#244;ng c&#243; b&#7845;t k&#7923; v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; n&#224;o &#7903; m&#244; c&#417; th&#7875; hay d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh, b&#7841;n v&#7851;n s&#7869; th&#7845;y &#273;au n&#7871;u n&#227;o b&#7897; ngh&#297; r&#7857;ng b&#7841;n &#273;ang g&#7863;p nguy hi&#7875;m. S&#7921; th&#7853;t v&#7915;a &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n nh&#432;ng l&#7841;i v&#7915;a ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p nh&#432; v&#7853;y.</p><p>Th&#244;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#7845;t, c&#417;n &#273;au xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n khi h&#7879; th&#7889;ng b&#225;o &#273;&#7897;ng c&#7911;a c&#417; th&#7875; c&#7843;nh b&#225;o cho n&#227;o v&#7873; nh&#7919;ng t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng m&#244; th&#7921;c s&#7921; ho&#7863;c ti&#7873;m &#7849;n. Nh&#432;ng &#273;&#226;y ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n c&#7911;a c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n l&#7899;n. C&#417;n &#273;au th&#432;&#7901;ng li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n t&#7845;t c&#7843; c&#225;c h&#7879; th&#7889;ng trong c&#417; th&#7875; b&#7841;n v&#224; t&#7845;t c&#7843; c&#225;c ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng x&#7843;y ra &#273;&#7873;u nh&#7857;m m&#7909;c &#273;&#237;ch b&#7843;o v&#7879; v&#224; ch&#7919;a l&#224;nh. H&#227;y t&#432;&#7903;ng t&#432;&#7907;ng c&#417;n &#273;au gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; &#225;nh &#273;&#232;n nh&#7845;p nh&#225;y tr&#234;n &#273;&#7881;nh c&#226;y th&#244;ng Noel &#8211; th&#7921;c ch&#7845;t c&#243; r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u h&#7879; th&#7889;ng &#273;ang ng&#7847;m ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng b&#234;n trong v&#224; b&#234;n d&#432;&#7899;i g&#7889;c c&#226;y &#273;&#243;. N&#7871;u n&#227;o b&#7897; cho r&#7857;ng vi&#7879;c c&#7843;m th&#7845;y &#273;au kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u t&#7889;t nh&#7845;t cho s&#7921; s&#7889;ng c&#242;n c&#7911;a b&#7841;n (v&#237; d&#7909;: m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#237;nh b&#7883; th&#432;&#417;ng &#273;ang ph&#7843;i l&#7849;n tr&#7889;n k&#7867; th&#249;), b&#7841;n s&#7869; kh&#244;ng c&#7843;m th&#7845;y &#273;au d&#249; v&#7871;t th&#432;&#417;ng c&#243; nghi&#234;m tr&#7885;ng &#273;&#7871;n &#273;&#226;u.</p><p>Hi&#7879;n nay, c&#243; r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u l&#7847;m t&#432;&#7903;ng, s&#7921; hi&#7875;u l&#7847;m v&#224; nh&#7919;ng n&#7895;i s&#7907; h&#227;i kh&#244;ng &#273;&#225;ng c&#243; v&#7873; c&#417;n &#273;au. H&#7847;u h&#7871;t m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i, k&#7875; c&#7843; nhi&#7873;u chuy&#234;n gia y t&#7871;, &#273;&#7873;u ch&#432;a c&#243; m&#7897;t hi&#7875;u bi&#7871;t hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i v&#7873; n&#243;. C&#243; hai &#273;i&#7873;u quan tr&#7885;ng ch&#250;ng ta &#273;&#227; bi&#7871;t v&#7873; vi&#7879;c gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch c&#417;n &#273;au: (1) T&#237;nh sinh h&#7885;c c&#7911;a c&#417;n &#273;au c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c hi&#7875;u m&#7897;t c&#225;ch d&#7877; d&#224;ng b&#7903;i b&#7845;t k&#7923; ai; v&#224; (2) Vi&#7879;c hi&#7875;u v&#7873; sinh h&#7885;c c&#7911;a c&#417;n &#273;au s&#7869; thay &#273;&#7893;i c&#225;ch con ng&#432;&#7901;i ngh&#297; v&#7873; n&#243;, gi&#7843;m &#273;i m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; &#273;e d&#7885;a c&#7911;a n&#243; v&#224; c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n c&#225;ch qu&#7843;n l&#253; c&#417;n &#273;au</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AsCJ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8fb381f5-2e19-4167-92fc-f974aab0bb18_878x560.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AsCJ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8fb381f5-2e19-4167-92fc-f974aab0bb18_878x560.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AsCJ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8fb381f5-2e19-4167-92fc-f974aab0bb18_878x560.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AsCJ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8fb381f5-2e19-4167-92fc-f974aab0bb18_878x560.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AsCJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8fb381f5-2e19-4167-92fc-f974aab0bb18_878x560.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AsCJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8fb381f5-2e19-4167-92fc-f974aab0bb18_878x560.png" width="384" height="244.92027334851937" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AsCJ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8fb381f5-2e19-4167-92fc-f974aab0bb18_878x560.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AsCJ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8fb381f5-2e19-4167-92fc-f974aab0bb18_878x560.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AsCJ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8fb381f5-2e19-4167-92fc-f974aab0bb18_878x560.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!AsCJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8fb381f5-2e19-4167-92fc-f974aab0bb18_878x560.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>.</p><p><strong>&#272;AU L&#192; &#272;I&#7872;U B&#204;NH TH&#431;&#7900;NG - THI&#7870;T B&#7882; B&#7842;O V&#7878; M&#7840;NH M&#7868; NH&#7844;T C&#7910;A CH&#218;NG TA (PAIN IS NORMAL)</strong></p><p>T&#7845;t nhi&#234;n l&#224; m&#7885;i th&#7913; &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; th&#7875; g&#226;y &#273;au; cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng l&#224; c&#243; &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n. C&#243; r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u lo&#7841;i &#273;au kh&#225;c nhau. Trong tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p hy h&#7919;u b&#7841;n b&#7883; m&#7897;t con kh&#7881; c&#7855;n v&#224;o m&#361;i, m&#361;i c&#7911;a b&#7841;n s&#7869; r&#7845;t &#273;au v&#224; b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; s&#7869; nh&#7899; m&#227;i s&#7921; c&#7889; n&#224;y cho &#273;&#7871;n cu&#7889;i &#273;&#7901;i. Ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n b&#7841;n s&#7869; kh&#244;ng l&#7863;p l&#7841;i sai l&#7847;m n&#224;y &#7903; l&#7847;n &#273;i s&#7903; th&#250; ti&#7871;p theo. &#7902; &#273;&#226;y, ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng &#273;au l&#224; h&#7919;u &#237;ch &#273;&#7875; b&#7843;o v&#7879; b&#7841;n.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K9gp!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa979fa4c-2ab2-4ce5-a928-0f6e8a5a5ed5_642x632.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K9gp!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa979fa4c-2ab2-4ce5-a928-0f6e8a5a5ed5_642x632.png 424w, 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K9gp!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa979fa4c-2ab2-4ce5-a928-0f6e8a5a5ed5_642x632.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K9gp!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa979fa4c-2ab2-4ce5-a928-0f6e8a5a5ed5_642x632.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K9gp!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa979fa4c-2ab2-4ce5-a928-0f6e8a5a5ed5_642x632.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!K9gp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa979fa4c-2ab2-4ce5-a928-0f6e8a5a5ed5_642x632.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>B&#7841;n c&#361;ng c&#243; th&#7875; b&#7883; &#273;au v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng &#237;t r&#245; r&#224;ng h&#417;n r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u. C&#417;n &#273;au c&#243; th&#7875; xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n t&#7915; t&#7915; theo th&#7901;i gian, ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; do t&#432; th&#7871; ng&#7891;i m&#225;y t&#237;nh qu&#225; l&#226;u. Trong tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p n&#224;y, &#273;au l&#224; m&#7897;t t&#237;n hi&#7879;u h&#7919;u &#237;ch &#273;&#7875; khuy&#7871;n kh&#237;ch b&#7841;n &#273;&#7913;ng l&#234;n v&#224; v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng. Nh&#432;ng c&#417;n &#273;au th&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#244;ng th&#7875; &#273;o&#225;n tr&#432;&#7899;c, &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y c&#243; th&#7875; khi&#7871;n ch&#250;ng ta s&#7907; h&#227;i. &#272;&#244;i khi b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; n&#226;ng m&#7897;t v&#7853;t c&#7843; ng&#224;n l&#7847;n m&#224; kh&#244;ng g&#7863;p v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; g&#236;. R&#7891;i &#273;&#7897;t nhi&#234;n, ch&#7881; m&#7897;t l&#7847;n n&#226;ng l&#7841;i g&#226;y ra c&#417;n &#273;au t&#7897;t c&#249;ng. T&#7841;i sao m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#7841;i mu&#7889;n n&#226;ng m&#7897;t v&#7853;t l&#234;n n&#7871;u n&#243; khi&#7871;n l&#432;ng h&#7885; b&#7883; &#273;au? T&#7915; 400 n&#259;m tr&#432;&#7899;c, tri&#7871;t gia Rene Descartes &#273;&#227; ph&#225;t minh ra thuy&#7871;t chia c&#7855;t gi&#7919;a t&#226;m tr&#237; v&#224; c&#417; th&#7875;, v&#224; &#273;&#7871;n nay n&#243; v&#7851;n l&#224; n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng cho h&#7847;u h&#7871;t c&#225;c ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&#225;p &#273;i&#7873;u tr&#7883; &#273;au. Nh&#432;ng khoa h&#7885;c hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i &#273;&#227; ch&#7913;ng minh s&#7921; chia c&#7855;t &#273;&#243; kh&#244;ng t&#7891;n t&#7841;i, v&#224; ch&#250;ng ta c&#243; nh&#7919;ng l&#253; thuy&#7871;t t&#7889;t h&#417;n &#273;&#7875; &#273;i&#7873;u tr&#7883;</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I1jC!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c777264-8bcd-4a22-a4dc-efaea5042fb4_810x654.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I1jC!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c777264-8bcd-4a22-a4dc-efaea5042fb4_810x654.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I1jC!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c777264-8bcd-4a22-a4dc-efaea5042fb4_810x654.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I1jC!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c777264-8bcd-4a22-a4dc-efaea5042fb4_810x654.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I1jC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c777264-8bcd-4a22-a4dc-efaea5042fb4_810x654.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I1jC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c777264-8bcd-4a22-a4dc-efaea5042fb4_810x654.png" width="414" height="334.26666666666665" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I1jC!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c777264-8bcd-4a22-a4dc-efaea5042fb4_810x654.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I1jC!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c777264-8bcd-4a22-a4dc-efaea5042fb4_810x654.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I1jC!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c777264-8bcd-4a22-a4dc-efaea5042fb4_810x654.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!I1jC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7c777264-8bcd-4a22-a4dc-efaea5042fb4_810x654.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Nh&#7919;ng c&#417;n &#273;au t&#7915; v&#7871;t c&#7855;n, t&#432; th&#7871; sai, c&#259;ng c&#417; hay bong g&#226;n l&#224; nh&#7919;ng c&#417;n &#273;au &#8220;th&#432;&#7901;ng ng&#224;y&#8221; c&#243; th&#7875; d&#7877; d&#224;ng li&#234;n h&#7879; v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i trong m&#244;. N&#227;o b&#7897; k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n r&#7857;ng c&#225;c m&#244; &#273;ang b&#7883; &#273;e d&#7885;a v&#224; c&#7847;n c&#243; h&#224;nh &#273;&#7897;ng, bao g&#7891;m c&#7843; vi&#7879;c ch&#7919;a l&#224;nh. K&#253; &#7913;c v&#7873; c&#417;n &#273;au s&#7869; hy v&#7885;ng b&#7843;o v&#7879; b&#7841;n kh&#7887;i vi&#7879;c m&#7855;c ph&#7843;i sai l&#7847;m t&#432;&#417;ng t&#7921; l&#7847;n th&#7913; hai. Nh&#432;ng &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n c&#361;ng c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224; m&#7897;t tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p h&#417;n nhi&#7873;u. T&#7915; &#8220;&#273;au&#8221; c&#361;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng &#273;&#7875; ch&#7881; s&#7921; &#273;au bu&#7891;n, s&#7921; c&#244; &#273;&#417;n hay s&#7921; xa l&#225;nh. &#272;i&#7873;u g&#236; khi&#7871;n n&#7895;i &#273;au c&#7911;a m&#7897;t t&#236;nh y&#234;u tan v&#7905; l&#7841;i l&#224;m b&#7841;n suy s&#7909;p gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; b&#7845;t k&#7923; c&#417;n &#273;au th&#7855;t l&#432;ng c&#7845;p t&#237;nh n&#224;o? N&#7895;i &#273;au mang &#273;&#7847;y t&#237;nh c&#7843;m x&#250;c n&#224;y gi&#250;p ch&#250;ng ta n&#7855;m b&#7855;t m&#7897;t b&#7913;c tranh to&#224;n c&#7843;nh &#273;&#7875; hi&#7875;u v&#7873; c&#417;n &#273;au. M&#7885;i c&#417;n &#273;au (tr&#234;n th&#7921;c t&#7871; l&#224; m&#7885;i tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m!) &#273;&#7873;u li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u suy ngh&#297; v&#224; s&#7921; &#273;&#243;ng g&#243;p c&#7911;a c&#7843;m x&#250;c.</p><p>N&#7871;u ch&#250;ng ta mu&#7889;n th&#7921;c s&#7921; hi&#7875;u v&#7873; &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n, ch&#250;ng ta ph&#7843;i thu h&#250;t s&#7921; tham gia c&#7911;a b&#7897; n&#227;o. Hi&#7879;n nay, c&#243; kho&#7843;ng 20% s&#7889; ng&#432;&#7901;i tr&#234;n tr&#225;i &#273;&#7845;t &#273;ang c&#243; c&#417;n &#273;au k&#233;o d&#224;i h&#417;n 3 th&#225;ng. Ngay c&#7843; khi c&#417;n &#273;au k&#233;o d&#224;i m&#227;n t&#237;nh v&#224; d&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#432; &#273;ang ph&#225; h&#7887;ng cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng c&#7911;a b&#7841;n, n&#243; v&#7851;n &#273;au v&#236; b&#7897; n&#227;o &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;a ra k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n r&#7857;ng b&#7841;n &#273;ang b&#7883; &#273;e d&#7885;a, &#273;ang g&#7863;p nguy hi&#7875;m v&#224; c&#7847;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c b&#7843;o v&#7879;. B&#237; quy&#7871;t l&#224; t&#236;m ra <em>t&#7841;i sao</em> b&#7897; n&#227;o l&#7841;i &#273;i &#273;&#7871;n k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n n&#224;y.</p><p><strong>NH&#7918;NG C&#194;U CHUY&#7878;N KH&#211; TIN V&#7872; C&#416;N &#272;AU: PH&#7846;N 1 - M&#7844;T CH&#194;N V&#192; B&#7882; B&#7854;N (AMAZING PAIN STORIES: PART 1)</strong></p><p>&#272;au &#273;&#7899;n th&#7921;c s&#7921; r&#7845;t k&#7923; l&#7841; v&#224; &#273;&#225;ng kinh ng&#7841;c. H&#7847;u h&#7871;t ch&#250;ng ta &#273;&#7873;u t&#7915;ng nghe nh&#7919;ng c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n v&#7873; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#7883; th&#432;&#417;ng n&#7863;ng nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng h&#7873; c&#7843;m th&#7845;y &#273;au v&#224;o th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m x&#7843;y ra s&#7921; c&#7889;. Ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng nghi&#234;m tr&#7885;ng t&#7841;o ra r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u t&#237;n hi&#7879;u b&#225;o &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7899;n tr&#224;n v&#224;o n&#227;o, nh&#432;ng ch&#250;ng kh&#244;ng nh&#7845;t thi&#7871;t d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n c&#417;n &#273;au. M&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; &#273;au m&#224; b&#7841;n tr&#7843;i qua kh&#244;ng nh&#7845;t thi&#7871;t li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng m&#244; m&#224; b&#7841;n ph&#7843;i ch&#7883;u. Trong khi m&#7897;t v&#7871;t kh&#7881; c&#7855;n c&#243; th&#7875; r&#7845;t &#273;au, th&#236; m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#7883; m&#361;i t&#234;n xuy&#234;n qua c&#7893; c&#243; th&#7875; ho&#224;n to&#224;n kh&#244;ng th&#7845;y &#273;au. &#7902; c&#225;c ph&#242;ng c&#7845;p c&#7913;u tr&#234;n kh&#7855;p th&#7871; gi&#7899;i, nhi&#7873;u b&#7879;nh nh&#226;n &#273;&#7871;n v&#7899;i c&#225;c d&#7883; v&#7853;t xuy&#234;n qua ng&#432;&#7901;i nh&#432;ng l&#7841;i b&#225;o c&#225;o r&#7857;ng h&#7885; c&#7843;m th&#7845;y r&#7845;t &#237;t ho&#7863;c kh&#244;ng c&#243; c&#417;n &#273;au n&#224;o.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tJs1!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe967b906-e5b8-457b-8add-548d9a39dc64_1182x946.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tJs1!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe967b906-e5b8-457b-8add-548d9a39dc64_1182x946.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tJs1!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe967b906-e5b8-457b-8add-548d9a39dc64_1182x946.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tJs1!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe967b906-e5b8-457b-8add-548d9a39dc64_1182x946.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tJs1!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe967b906-e5b8-457b-8add-548d9a39dc64_1182x946.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tJs1!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe967b906-e5b8-457b-8add-548d9a39dc64_1182x946.png" width="388" height="310.53130287648054" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e967b906-e5b8-457b-8add-548d9a39dc64_1182x946.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:946,&quot;width&quot;:1182,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:388,&quot;bytes&quot;:299647,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/198818559?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe967b906-e5b8-457b-8add-548d9a39dc64_1182x946.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tJs1!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe967b906-e5b8-457b-8add-548d9a39dc64_1182x946.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tJs1!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe967b906-e5b8-457b-8add-548d9a39dc64_1182x946.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tJs1!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe967b906-e5b8-457b-8add-548d9a39dc64_1182x946.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tJs1!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe967b906-e5b8-457b-8add-548d9a39dc64_1182x946.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>C&#243; r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n t&#7915; th&#7901;i chi&#7871;n tranh. V&#237; d&#7909;, m&#7897;t c&#7921;u chi&#7871;n binh Th&#7871; chi&#7871;n II khi ch&#7909;p X-quang ng&#7921;c &#273;&#7883;nh k&#7923; &#273;&#227; ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n ra m&#7897;t vi&#234;n &#273;&#7841;n n&#7857;m trong c&#7893; m&#236;nh su&#7889;t 60 n&#259;m m&#224; &#244;ng kh&#244;ng h&#7873; hay bi&#7871;t. Nhi&#7873;u binh l&#237;nh b&#7883; th&#432;&#417;ng n&#7863;ng, th&#7853;m ch&#237; m&#7845;t c&#7843; m&#7897;t chi trong chi&#7871;n &#273;&#7845;u, nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng b&#225;o c&#225;o th&#7845;y &#273;au. Nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#7883; c&#7855;t c&#7909;t chi do ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng trong chi&#7871;n tranh th&#432;&#7901;ng m&#244; t&#7843; c&#7843;m gi&#225;c l&#250;c &#273;&#243; ch&#7881; nh&#432; m&#7897;t &#8220;c&#250; hu&#253;ch&#8221; ho&#7863;c &#8220;c&#250; va &#273;&#7853;p&#8221;. Khi T&#7893;ng th&#7889;ng M&#7929; Reagan b&#7883; b&#7855;n v&#224;o th&#225;ng 3 n&#259;m 1981, &#244;ng kh&#244;ng h&#7873; c&#7843;m th&#7845;y &#273;au</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Zi5y!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94aad774-9030-4451-b5ca-0c94048d91a3_996x800.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Zi5y!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94aad774-9030-4451-b5ca-0c94048d91a3_996x800.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Zi5y!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94aad774-9030-4451-b5ca-0c94048d91a3_996x800.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Zi5y!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94aad774-9030-4451-b5ca-0c94048d91a3_996x800.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Zi5y!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94aad774-9030-4451-b5ca-0c94048d91a3_996x800.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Zi5y!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94aad774-9030-4451-b5ca-0c94048d91a3_996x800.png" width="434" height="348.59437751004015" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/94aad774-9030-4451-b5ca-0c94048d91a3_996x800.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:800,&quot;width&quot;:996,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:434,&quot;bytes&quot;:521830,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/198818559?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94aad774-9030-4451-b5ca-0c94048d91a3_996x800.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Zi5y!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94aad774-9030-4451-b5ca-0c94048d91a3_996x800.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Zi5y!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94aad774-9030-4451-b5ca-0c94048d91a3_996x800.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Zi5y!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94aad774-9030-4451-b5ca-0c94048d91a3_996x800.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Zi5y!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94aad774-9030-4451-b5ca-0c94048d91a3_996x800.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>.Ng&#432;&#7907;c l&#7841;i, c&#243; nh&#7919;ng v&#7871;t th&#432;&#417;ng r&#7845;t nh&#7887; nh&#432;ng l&#7841;i &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n kh&#7911;ng khi&#7871;p. V&#237; d&#7909; nh&#432; m&#7897;t v&#7871;t &#273;&#7913;t tay do gi&#7845;y. N&#243; kh&#244;ng s&#226;u, t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng kh&#244;ng l&#7899;n, nh&#432;ng n&#243; th&#7921;c s&#7921; r&#7845;t &#273;au, r&#225;t v&#224; khi&#7871;n b&#7841;n c&#7921;c k&#7923; kh&#243; ch&#7883;u. R&#245; r&#224;ng nh&#7919;ng g&#236; &#273;ang x&#7843;y ra trong c&#225;c m&#244; c&#7911;a b&#7841;n ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n trong tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m &#273;au &#273;&#225;ng kinh ng&#7841;c n&#224;y.</p><p><strong>NH&#7918;NG C&#194;U CHUY&#7878;N KH&#211; TIN V&#7872; C&#416;N &#272;AU: PH&#7846;N 2 - PH&#7890;NG &#272;&#296;A &#272;&#7878;M V&#192; B&#7882; C&#193; M&#7852;P T&#7844;N C&#212;NG (AMAZING PAIN STORIES: PART 2)</strong></p><p>&#272;au th&#7855;t l&#432;ng v&#224; &#273;au &#273;&#7847;u l&#224; nh&#7919;ng ch&#7913;ng &#273;au ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n nh&#7845;t &#7903; con ng&#432;&#7901;i. Trong &#273;au th&#7855;t l&#432;ng, nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u &#273;&#227; ch&#7881; ra r&#7857;ng m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#297;a &#273;&#7879;m v&#224; d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh hi&#7871;m khi li&#234;n quan t&#7927; l&#7879; thu&#7853;n v&#7899;i m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; &#273;au m&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#243; ph&#7843;i ch&#7883;u. Th&#7921;c t&#7871;, nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i trong ch&#250;ng ta c&#243; th&#7875; b&#7883; ph&#7891;ng &#273;&#297;a &#273;&#7879;m (nghe r&#7845;t &#273;&#225;ng s&#7907;), th&#7853;m ch&#237; ch&#232;n &#233;p d&#226;y th&#7847;n kinh, nh&#432;ng ch&#432;a bao gi&#7901; c&#243; b&#7845;t k&#7923; tri&#7879;u ch&#7913;ng &#273;au n&#224;o. R&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u thay &#273;&#7893;i trong c&#225;c m&#244; ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng c&#7911;a qu&#225; tr&#236;nh s&#7889;ng v&#224; l&#227;o h&#243;a, ch&#250;ng kh&#244;ng nh&#7845;t thi&#7871;t ph&#7843;i g&#226;y &#273;au. Ch&#7909;p X-quang c&#7897;t s&#7889;ng c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#7899;n tu&#7893;i c&#243; th&#7875; cho th&#7845;y nh&#7919;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i tho&#225;i h&#243;a ho&#7863;c vi&#234;m kh&#7899;p, nh&#432;ng h&#7885; v&#7851;n ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng r&#7845;t t&#7889;t. &#272;&#417;n gi&#7843;n l&#224;, n&#7871;u kh&#244;ng c&#243; c&#417;n &#273;au th&#236; c&#243; ngh&#297;a l&#224; nh&#7919;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i trong m&#244; n&#224;y kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c n&#227;o b&#7897; c&#7911;a b&#7841;n coi l&#224; m&#7897;t m&#7889;i &#273;e d&#7885;a</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kErw!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9163bd3-032e-4925-96ee-3592686af680_936x850.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kErw!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd9163bd3-032e-4925-96ee-3592686af680_936x850.png" width="336" height="305.12820512820514" 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stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>.Ch&#250;ng ta c&#361;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng th&#7845;y nh&#7919;ng v&#237; d&#7909; ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n v&#7873; l&#7921;c c&#7921;c m&#7841;nh t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng l&#234;n c&#417; th&#7875; m&#224; kh&#244;ng g&#226;y &#273;au. Khi m&#7897;t c&#7847;u th&#7911; b&#243;ng &#273;&#225; ghi b&#224;n th&#7855;ng quan tr&#7885;ng, c&#7843; &#273;&#7897;i v&#7899;i t&#7893;ng tr&#7885;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng g&#7847;n m&#7897;t t&#7845;n c&#243; th&#7875; nh&#7843;y &#273;&#232; l&#234;n anh ta. Nh&#432;ng anh ta v&#7851;n s&#7869; b&#7853;t d&#7853;y m&#7881;m c&#432;&#7901;i v&#224; ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c thi &#273;&#7845;u, th&#432;&#7901;ng l&#224; c&#242;n sung s&#7913;c h&#417;n tr&#432;&#7899;c. N&#7871;u &#273;i&#7873;u t&#432;&#417;ng t&#7921; x&#7843;y ra v&#7899;i m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;i tr&#234;n &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng ph&#7889;, n&#243; s&#7869; c&#7921;c k&#7923; &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n. </p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Wvd8!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F144fe393-9fef-46eb-99c0-8609f98c78a1_712x832.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Wvd8!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F144fe393-9fef-46eb-99c0-8609f98c78a1_712x832.png 424w, 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data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/144fe393-9fef-46eb-99c0-8609f98c78a1_712x832.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:832,&quot;width&quot;:712,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:292,&quot;bytes&quot;:445453,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/198818559?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F144fe393-9fef-46eb-99c0-8609f98c78a1_712x832.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Wvd8!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F144fe393-9fef-46eb-99c0-8609f98c78a1_712x832.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Wvd8!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F144fe393-9fef-46eb-99c0-8609f98c78a1_712x832.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Wvd8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F144fe393-9fef-46eb-99c0-8609f98c78a1_712x832.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Wvd8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F144fe393-9fef-46eb-99c0-8609f98c78a1_712x832.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#432;&#7899;t s&#243;ng b&#7883; c&#225; m&#7853;p c&#7855;n &#273;&#7913;t ch&#226;n c&#361;ng t&#432;&#7901;ng thu&#7853;t l&#7841;i r&#7857;ng h&#7885; kh&#244;ng c&#7843;m th&#7845;y g&#236; ngo&#224;i m&#7897;t c&#250; va ch&#7841;m v&#224;o th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#243;</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!KCn2!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbb5cc77c-952e-48ea-ba90-158a20987bf2_684x504.png" 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loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><strong>NH&#7918;NG C&#194;U CHUY&#7878;N KH&#211; TIN V&#7872; C&#416;N &#272;AU: PH&#7846;N 3 - THU&#7888;C VI&#202;N V&#192; CH&#194;M C&#7912;U (AMAZING PAIN STORIES: PART 3)</strong></p><p>H&#7897;i ch&#7913;ng Couvade l&#224; m&#7897;t v&#237; d&#7909; &#273;&#225;ng kinh ng&#7841;c, trong &#273;&#243; ng&#432;&#7901;i cha th&#7921;c s&#7921; tr&#7843;i qua c&#417;n &#273;au chuy&#7875;n d&#7841; c&#249;ng v&#7907; m&#236;nh. &#7902; m&#7897;t s&#7889; x&#227; h&#7897;i, ng&#432;&#7901;i ta tin r&#7857;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i cha c&#224;ng th&#7875; hi&#7879;n s&#7921; &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n th&#236; anh ta c&#224;ng l&#224; m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i cha t&#7889;t</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" 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stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Thu&#7853;t ch&#226;m c&#7913;u c&#243; th&#7875; gi&#7843;m &#273;au, nh&#432;ng n&#243; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#250;c n&#224;o c&#361;ng hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i t&#7845;t c&#7843; m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i (th&#432;&#7901;ng d&#7921;a tr&#234;n ni&#7873;m tin v&#224; b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh v&#259;n h&#243;a). Th&#244;i mi&#234;n c&#361;ng r&#7845;t h&#7845;p d&#7851;n. C&#243; nhi&#7873;u ghi ch&#233;p v&#7873; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i tr&#7843;i qua ph&#7851;u thu&#7853;t l&#7899;n trong khi b&#7883; th&#244;i mi&#234;n m&#224; kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n g&#226;y m&#234; y t&#7871; v&#224; kh&#244;ng h&#7873; &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n. Ti&#7871;ng chu&#244;ng b&#225;o &#273;&#7897;ng trong c&#225;c m&#244; v&#7851;n k&#234;u khi dao m&#7893; r&#7841;ch qua da v&#224; c&#417;, nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng c&#243; c&#417;n &#273;au n&#224;o x&#7843;y ra.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hxJr!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56467c89-c161-47af-9d73-db41888482f9_790x562.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hxJr!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56467c89-c161-47af-9d73-db41888482f9_790x562.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hxJr!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56467c89-c161-47af-9d73-db41888482f9_790x562.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hxJr!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56467c89-c161-47af-9d73-db41888482f9_790x562.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hxJr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56467c89-c161-47af-9d73-db41888482f9_790x562.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hxJr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56467c89-c161-47af-9d73-db41888482f9_790x562.png" width="406" height="288.8253164556962" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/56467c89-c161-47af-9d73-db41888482f9_790x562.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:562,&quot;width&quot;:790,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:406,&quot;bytes&quot;:370768,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/198818559?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56467c89-c161-47af-9d73-db41888482f9_790x562.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hxJr!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56467c89-c161-47af-9d73-db41888482f9_790x562.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hxJr!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56467c89-c161-47af-9d73-db41888482f9_790x562.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hxJr!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56467c89-c161-47af-9d73-db41888482f9_790x562.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hxJr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F56467c89-c161-47af-9d73-db41888482f9_790x562.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>H&#236;nh d&#225;ng c&#7911;a m&#7897;t vi&#234;n thu&#7889;c th&#7853;m ch&#237; &#273;&#243;ng m&#7897;t vai tr&#242; trong hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; c&#7911;a thu&#7889;c. Vi&#234;n nang trong su&#7889;t c&#243; c&#225;c h&#7841;t m&#224;u ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng t&#7889;t h&#417;n vi&#234;n nang c&#243; h&#7841;t m&#224;u tr&#7855;ng; vi&#234;n m&#224;u tr&#7855;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng t&#7889;t h&#417;n vi&#234;n thu&#7889;c c&#243; m&#224;u; vi&#234;n c&#243; m&#224;u t&#7889;t h&#417;n vi&#234;n thu&#7889;c vu&#244;ng b&#7883; thi&#7871;u g&#243;c; v&#224; vi&#234;n vu&#244;ng thi&#7871;u g&#243;c l&#7841;i t&#7889;t h&#417;n vi&#234;n thu&#7889;c tr&#242;n.</p><p>&#272;i&#7875;m c&#7889;t l&#245;i &#7903; &#273;&#226;y l&#224;: C&#417;n &#273;au ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u y&#7871;u t&#7889; kh&#225;c nhau v&#224; ch&#237;nh B&#7896; N&#195;O m&#7899;i l&#224; c&#417; quan &#273;&#432;a ra quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh xem m&#7897;t th&#7913; g&#236; &#273;&#243; c&#243; g&#226;y &#273;au hay kh&#244;ng, ch&#237;nh x&#225;c 100% trong m&#7885;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p, KH&#212;NG C&#211; ngo&#7841;i l&#7879;.</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[[Podcast] Ngâm nóng để cải thiện sức bền]]></title><description><![CDATA[Ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; trong t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n la&#768; s&#432;&#803; k&#234;&#769;t h&#417;&#803;p cu&#777;a nhi&#234;&#768;u thi&#769;ch nghi v&#234;&#768; th&#234;&#777; ch&#226;&#769;t kha&#769;c nhau.]]></description><link>https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/podcast-ngam-nong-e-cai-thien-suc</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/podcast-ngam-nong-e-cai-thien-suc</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[The Thinking Trainer]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 18 Dec 2025 09:42:50 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LVJI!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5d40998e-a54b-47c8-9323-b7132861fc68_1920x1080.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LVJI!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5d40998e-a54b-47c8-9323-b7132861fc68_1920x1080.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LVJI!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5d40998e-a54b-47c8-9323-b7132861fc68_1920x1080.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LVJI!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5d40998e-a54b-47c8-9323-b7132861fc68_1920x1080.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LVJI!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5d40998e-a54b-47c8-9323-b7132861fc68_1920x1080.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LVJI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5d40998e-a54b-47c8-9323-b7132861fc68_1920x1080.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LVJI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5d40998e-a54b-47c8-9323-b7132861fc68_1920x1080.png" width="1456" height="819" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5d40998e-a54b-47c8-9323-b7132861fc68_1920x1080.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:819,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:613048,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/181971516?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5d40998e-a54b-47c8-9323-b7132861fc68_1920x1080.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LVJI!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5d40998e-a54b-47c8-9323-b7132861fc68_1920x1080.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LVJI!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5d40998e-a54b-47c8-9323-b7132861fc68_1920x1080.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LVJI!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5d40998e-a54b-47c8-9323-b7132861fc68_1920x1080.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LVJI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5d40998e-a54b-47c8-9323-b7132861fc68_1920x1080.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; trong t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n la&#768; s&#432;&#803; k&#234;&#769;t h&#417;&#803;p cu&#777;a nhi&#234;&#768;u thi&#769;ch nghi v&#234;&#768; th&#234;&#777; ch&#226;&#769;t kha&#769;c nhau. T3 th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng ti&#234;&#769;p c&#226;&#803;n &#273;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y b&#259;&#768;ng ca&#769;ch ph&#226;n loa&#803;i nh&#432;&#771;ng thi&#769;ch nghi th&#234;&#777; ch&#226;&#769;t va&#768;o 3 nho&#769;m chi&#769;nh: <em><strong>Th&#226;&#768;n kinh</strong></em> (vd: ki&#771; n&#259;ng v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng, kha&#777; n&#259;ng huy &#273;&#244;&#803;ng c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p nh&#259;&#768;m &#273;a&#769;p &#432;&#769;ng ta&#769;c vu&#803; v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng), C&#226;&#769;u tru&#769;c (vd: ca&#769;c k&#234;&#769;t c&#226;&#769;u tr&#432;&#803;c ti&#234;&#769;p chi&#803;u ta&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803;ng va&#768; ta&#803;o ra v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng nh&#432; c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p, g&#226;n c&#417;), va&#768; <em><strong>Chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a</strong></em> (vd: kha&#777; n&#259;ng &#273;a&#769;p &#432;&#769;ng nhu c&#226;&#768;u n&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng &#273;&#234;&#777; duy tri&#768; v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng cu&#777;a c&#417; th&#234;&#777;).</p><p>&#272;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i ca&#769;c b&#244;&#803; m&#244;n S&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n nh&#432; Cha&#803;y b&#244;&#803;, thi&#769;ch nghi v&#234;&#768; Chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a &#273;o&#769;ng vai tro&#768; then ch&#244;&#769;t &#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i tha&#768;nh ti&#769;ch v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng. Trong khi hoa&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803;ng <strong>t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n la&#768; ta&#769;c nh&#226;n chi&#769;nh thu&#769;c &#273;&#226;&#777;y ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803;</strong>, nh&#432;&#771;ng thi&#769;ch nghi v&#234;&#768; Chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a co&#768;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c thu&#769;c &#273;&#226;&#777;y b&#417;&#777;i ca&#769;c nh&#432;&#771;ng hoa&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803;ng kha&#769;c <em>ngoa&#768;i v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng</em> ma&#768; kh&#244;ng &#273;o&#769;ng go&#769;p th&#234;m a&#769;p l&#432;&#803;c l&#234;n ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p.</p><p>Ba&#768;i vi&#234;&#769;t na&#768;y se&#771; tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n v&#234;&#768; m&#244;&#803;t ph&#432;&#417;ng a&#769;n nh&#432; v&#226;&#803;y - ng&#226;m n&#432;&#417;&#769;c no&#769;ng hay <em>hot water immersion</em> - th&#244;ng qua to&#769;m t&#259;&#769;t m&#244;&#803;t cu&#244;&#803;c pho&#777;ng v&#226;&#769;n g&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#226;y tr&#234;n <strong>podcast </strong><em><strong>The Sports Science Dudes</strong></em><strong> gi&#432;&#771;a Jose Antonio, PhD. (</strong><em><strong>host</strong></em><strong>), va&#768; Elliot Jenkins (</strong><em><strong>kha&#769;ch m&#417;&#768;i</strong></em><strong>)</strong> v&#234;&#768; m&#244;&#803;t nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u m&#417;&#769;i &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c xu&#226;&#769;t ba&#777;n g&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#226;y v&#417;&#769;i nh&#432;&#771;ng pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n he&#769; l&#244;&#803; ti&#234;&#768;m n&#259;ng cu&#777;a ph&#432;&#417;ng a&#769;n na&#768;y &#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n tha&#768;nh ti&#769;ch S&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n.</p><div id="youtube2-9NyRRRFOK6k" class="youtube-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;videoId&quot;:&quot;9NyRRRFOK6k&quot;,&quot;startTime&quot;:null,&quot;endTime&quot;:null}" data-component-name="Youtube2ToDOM"><div class="youtube-inner"><iframe src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/9NyRRRFOK6k?rel=0&amp;autoplay=0&amp;showinfo=0&amp;enablejsapi=0" frameborder="0" loading="lazy" gesture="media" allow="autoplay; fullscreen" allowautoplay="true" allowfullscreen="true" width="728" height="409"></iframe></div></div><h2>Hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; cu&#777;a ng&#226;m no&#769;ng</h2><p>Tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c&#273;o&#769; T3 &#273;a&#771; tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n v&#234;&#768; ca&#769;ch &#432;&#769;ng du&#803;ng cu&#777;a m&#244;&#803;t kha&#769;i ni&#234;&#803;m r&#244;&#803;ng h&#417;n li&#234;n quan &#273;&#234;&#769;n &#8220;ng&#226;m no&#769;ng&#8221; la&#768; &#8220;<em>heat training</em>&#8221;, nh&#259;&#768;m ta&#803;o ra nh&#432;&#771;ng thi&#769;ch nghi sinh ly&#769; li&#234;n quan &#273;&#234;&#769;n s&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n t&#432;&#768; thi&#769;ch &#432;&#769;ng v&#417;&#769;i nhi&#234;&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803; cao, th&#244;ng qua 1) t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n trong &#273;i&#234;&#768;u ki&#234;&#803;n nhi&#234;&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803; cao (vd: trong th&#417;&#768;i ti&#234;&#769;t no&#769;ng n&#432;&#803;c va&#768;/ho&#259;&#803;c m&#259;&#803;c qu&#226;&#768;n a&#769;o da&#768;y &#273;&#234;&#777; ca&#777;n tr&#417;&#777; gia&#777;i nhi&#234;&#803;t); va&#768; 2) ca&#769;c bi&#234;&#803;n pha&#769;p ti&#234;&#769;p xu&#769;c nhi&#234;&#803;t thu&#803; &#273;&#244;&#803;ng (vd: x&#244;ng h&#417;i).</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;f9dcac78-e3d3-49d1-aee8-72d5aece2888&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t chia s&#7867; kh&#225; th&#250; v&#7883; t&#7915; David Roche (@moutainroche), V&#272;V v&#7915;a ph&#225; k&#7881; l&#7909;c ch&#7863;ng &#273;ua ultramarathon Leadville 100 d&#7863;m (15 ti&#7871;ng 26 ph&#250;t, nhanh h&#417;n 16 ph&#250;t so v&#7899;i k&#7881; l&#7909;c tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#243; [15:42]). Roche s&#7917; d&#7909;ng ph&#432;&#417;ng &#225;n (b&#234;n c&#7841;nh nh&#7919;ng ph&#432;&#417;ng &#225;n kh&#225;c) trong qu&#225; tr&#236;nh chu&#7849;n b&#7883; cho cu&#7897;c &#273;ua &#7903; l&#7897; tr&#236;nh v&#7899;i &#273;&#7883;a h&#236;nh h&#243;c b&#250;a n&#224;y.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;T&#7852;P LUY&#7878;N &#8220;TH&#7874; L&#7920;C&#8221;: &#8220;N&#211;NG H&#416;N&#8221; &#272;&#7874; TI&#7870;N B&#7896; ?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:180133116,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;The Thinking Trainer&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Trang th&#244;ng tin, b&#224;i vi&#7871;t chuy&#234;n m&#244;n c&#7911;a The Thinking Trainer&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f878e649-bd67-4fac-9d1c-04cb3d98c0be_940x788.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2024-09-12T08:45:33.541Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lPp-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffa3a169d-f3f9-4120-b22a-0be8d89a4d3b_1600x900.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/tap-luyen-the-luc-nong-hon-e-tien&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:148801131,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:1,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2081899,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;THE THINKING TRAINER&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JeF3!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0a5bedd-8a2d-4b73-a7d3-3b2cc703bec8_256x256.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><p>Gi&#244;&#769;ng nh&#432; x&#244;ng h&#417;i, &#8220;ng&#226;m no&#769;ng&#8221; la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t bi&#234;&#803;n pha&#769;p ti&#234;&#769;p xu&#769;c nhi&#234;&#803;t thu&#803; &#273;&#244;&#803;ng, &#417;&#777; &#273;o&#769; ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p se&#771; ng&#226;m mi&#768;nh trong m&#244;&#803;t b&#244;&#768;n n&#432;&#417;&#769;c no&#769;ng trong m&#244;&#803;t khoa&#777;ng th&#417;&#768;i gian &#273;u&#777; l&#226;u va&#768; l&#259;&#803;p la&#803;i nhi&#234;&#768;u l&#226;&#768;n trong m&#244;&#803;t tu&#226;&#768;n. Nh&#432; trong nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n &#417;&#777; tr&#234;n (co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;o&#803;c mi&#234;&#771;n phi&#769; <a href="https://physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1113/JP289874">ta&#803;i &#273;&#226;y</a>), nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i tham gia ng&#226;m mi&#768;nh trong b&#244;&#768;n n&#432;&#417;&#769;c &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c gi&#432;&#771; &#417;&#777; nhi&#234;&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803; t&#244;&#769;i thi&#234;&#777;u la&#768; 40&#8304;C trong 45 phu&#769;t, va&#768; la&#768;m &#273;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y 5 bu&#244;&#777;i/tu&#226;&#768;n li&#234;n tu&#803;c trong 5 tu&#226;&#768;n li&#234;n tu&#803;c. M&#244;&#803;t n&#432;&#777;a s&#244;&#769; ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i tham gia &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c chi&#777; &#273;i&#803;nh a&#769;p du&#803;ng bi&#234;&#803;n pha&#769;p ng&#226;m no&#769;ng tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c (k&#234;&#769;t h&#417;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n), v&#417;&#769;i m&#244;&#803;t n&#432;&#777;a co&#768;n la&#803;i chi&#777; t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n, sau &#273;o&#769; tra&#777;i qua giai &#273;oa&#803;n r&#432;&#777;a tr&#244;i (<em>washout period</em>) &#273;&#234;&#777; loa&#803;i bo&#777; t&#226;&#769;t ca&#777; nh&#432;&#771;ng thi&#769;ch nghi v&#417;&#769;i nhi&#234;&#803;t tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c khi a&#769;p du&#803;ng bi&#234;&#803;n pha&#769;p co&#768;n la&#803;i (chi&#777; t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n vs ng&#226;m no&#769;ng + t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n). Nh&#432;&#771;ng k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c quan t&#226;m bao g&#244;&#768;m: ca&#769;c chi&#777; s&#244;&#769; v&#234;&#768; tim ma&#803;ch - tu&#226;&#768;n hoa&#768;n (kh&#244;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng h&#244;&#768;ng c&#226;&#768;u, t&#244;&#777;ng th&#234;&#777; ti&#769;ch ma&#769;u, va&#768; <em><strong>th&#234;&#777; ti&#769;ch cu&#244;&#769;i t&#226;m tr&#432;&#417;ng</strong></em><strong> trong t&#226;m th&#226;&#769;t tra&#769;i</strong>), t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; ti&#234;u thu&#803; Oxy t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a (VO2max), va&#768; tha&#768;nh ti&#769;ch cha&#803;y (hi&#234;&#803;u su&#226;&#769;t cha&#803;y, t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; &#273;a&#803;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#417;&#777; VO2max). B&#234;n ca&#803;nh &#273;o&#769;, kh&#244;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n (th&#417;&#768;i gian t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n &#417;&#777; ca&#769;c Zone [1-5] kha&#769;c nhau, t&#244;&#777;ng kh&#244;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n m&#244;&#771;i tu&#226;&#768;n) va&#768; ca&#769;c chi&#777; s&#244;&#769; pha&#777;n a&#769;nh s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e tinh th&#226;&#768;n va&#768; th&#234;&#777; ch&#226;&#769;t (vd: c&#259;ng th&#259;&#777;ng, t&#226;m tra&#803;ng, gi&#226;&#769;c ngu&#777;, v.v.) cu&#777;a ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c theo do&#771;i &#273;&#234;&#777; &#273;&#244;&#769;i chi&#234;&#769;u va&#768; &#273;a&#777;m ba&#777;o an toa&#768;n cho ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ajjQ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F76aeb150-fa12-4b06-8f73-50ba2ae7e5e2_500x398.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ajjQ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F76aeb150-fa12-4b06-8f73-50ba2ae7e5e2_500x398.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ajjQ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F76aeb150-fa12-4b06-8f73-50ba2ae7e5e2_500x398.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ajjQ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F76aeb150-fa12-4b06-8f73-50ba2ae7e5e2_500x398.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ajjQ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F76aeb150-fa12-4b06-8f73-50ba2ae7e5e2_500x398.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ajjQ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F76aeb150-fa12-4b06-8f73-50ba2ae7e5e2_500x398.png" width="500" height="398" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ajjQ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F76aeb150-fa12-4b06-8f73-50ba2ae7e5e2_500x398.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ajjQ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F76aeb150-fa12-4b06-8f73-50ba2ae7e5e2_500x398.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ajjQ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F76aeb150-fa12-4b06-8f73-50ba2ae7e5e2_500x398.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ajjQ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F76aeb150-fa12-4b06-8f73-50ba2ae7e5e2_500x398.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><p><strong>K&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; ghi nh&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c cho th&#226;&#769;y</strong>:</p><ul><li><p><em><strong>Thi&#769;ch nghi v&#234;&#768; tim ma&#803;ch va&#768; huy&#234;&#769;t ho&#803;c</strong></em>: kh&#244;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng h&#244;&#768;ng c&#226;&#768;u (<em>hemoglobin mass</em>), t&#244;&#777;ng th&#234;&#777; ti&#769;ch ma&#769;u (<em>total blood volume</em>), th&#234;&#777; ti&#769;ch cu&#244;&#769;i t&#226;m tr&#432;&#417;ng trong t&#226;m th&#226;&#769;t tra&#769;i (<em>left-ventricular end-diastolic volume</em>) va&#768; th&#234;&#777; ti&#769;ch t&#244;&#769;ng ma&#769;u (<em>stroke volume</em>) &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ghi nh&#226;&#803;n t&#259;ng &#273;a&#769;ng k&#234;&#777;.</p></li><li><p><em><strong>Tha&#768;nh ti&#769;ch v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng</strong></em>: VO2max t&#259;ng th&#234;m ~2.7 ml.kg.phu&#769;t, va&#768; t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; cha&#803;y &#417;&#777; VO2max t&#259;ng th&#234;m 0.8 km/gi&#417;&#768;</p></li><li><p>Nh&#432;&#771;ng thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i v&#234;&#768; huy&#234;&#769;t ho&#803;c va&#768; tim ma&#803;ch k&#234;&#769;t h&#417;&#803;p la&#803;i co&#769; li&#234;n h&#234;&#803; m&#226;&#803;t thi&#234;&#769;t v&#417;&#769;i ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; v&#234;&#768; VO2max, gia&#777;i thi&#769;ch &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c 82.5% bi&#234;&#769;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng v&#234;&#768; k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777;.</p></li><li><p>Hi&#234;&#803;u su&#226;&#769;t cha&#803;y (<em>running economy)</em> kh&#244;ng thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i &#273;a&#769;ng k&#234;&#777;.</p></li><li><p>Kh&#244;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n va&#768; ) va&#768; ca&#769;c chi&#777; s&#244;&#769; pha&#777;n a&#769;nh s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e tinh th&#226;&#768;n va&#768; th&#234;&#777; ch&#226;&#769;t gi&#432;&#771;a hai &#273;i&#234;&#768;u ki&#234;&#803;n kh&#244;ng kha&#769;c bi&#234;&#803;t &#273;a&#769;ng k&#234;&#777;.</p></li></ul></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9A9V!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F722f82c6-4cec-4a4c-8280-353bd5922efd_500x442.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9A9V!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F722f82c6-4cec-4a4c-8280-353bd5922efd_500x442.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9A9V!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F722f82c6-4cec-4a4c-8280-353bd5922efd_500x442.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9A9V!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F722f82c6-4cec-4a4c-8280-353bd5922efd_500x442.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9A9V!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F722f82c6-4cec-4a4c-8280-353bd5922efd_500x442.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9A9V!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F722f82c6-4cec-4a4c-8280-353bd5922efd_500x442.png" width="500" height="442" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9A9V!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F722f82c6-4cec-4a4c-8280-353bd5922efd_500x442.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9A9V!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F722f82c6-4cec-4a4c-8280-353bd5922efd_500x442.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9A9V!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F722f82c6-4cec-4a4c-8280-353bd5922efd_500x442.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9A9V!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F722f82c6-4cec-4a4c-8280-353bd5922efd_500x442.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>To&#769;m la&#803;i, &#8220;Jenkins va&#768; &#273;&#244;&#768;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p&#8221; pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c r&#259;&#768;ng, bi&#234;&#803;n pha&#769;p ng&#226;m no&#769;ng co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;em la&#803;i nh&#432;&#771;ng thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i v&#234;&#768; huy&#234;&#769;t ho&#803;c va&#768; Tim ma&#803;ch li&#234;n quan &#273;&#234;&#769;n thi&#769;ch nghi nhi&#234;&#803;t, va&#768; ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; v&#234;&#768; nh&#432;&#771;ng th&#244;ng s&#244;&#769; co&#769; ti&#769;nh d&#432;&#803; ba&#769;o &#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i tha&#768;nh ti&#769;ch s&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n nh&#432; VO2max va&#768; t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; &#273;a&#803;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#417;&#777; VO2max, trong khi kh&#244;ng ti&#769;ch lu&#771;y th&#234;m a&#769;p l&#432;&#803;c va&#768; c&#259;ng th&#259;&#777;ng b&#234;n ca&#803;nh hoa&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803;ng t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p.</p><p>M&#259;&#803;t kha&#769;c, &#273;&#226;y la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t m&#226;&#771;u thi&#769; nghi&#234;&#803;m bao g&#244;&#768;m nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p co&#769; tri&#768;nh &#273;&#244;&#803; cao (VO2max trung bi&#768;nh = 64.5). &#272;&#259;&#803;t trong b&#244;&#769;i ca&#777;nh t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n va&#768; thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u, nh&#432;&#771;ng ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ghi nh&#226;&#803;n th&#432;&#803;c ch&#226;&#769;t co&#769; ki&#769;ch th&#432;&#417;&#769;c <em>nho&#777; - r&#226;&#769;t nho&#777;</em>, theo Jenkins t&#432;&#417;ng &#432;&#769;ng v&#417;&#769;i m&#432;&#769;c ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n ~4-7%, th&#226;&#803;m chi&#769; i&#769;t h&#417;n, t&#432;&#417;ng &#432;&#769;ng v&#417;&#769;i nhanh h&#417;n chi&#777; <em>va&#768;i gi&#226;y</em> trong m&#244;&#803;t cu&#244;&#803;c &#273;ua 5k - 10k.</p><h1>C&#417; ch&#234;&#769; &#273;&#259;&#768;ng sau</h1><p>Jenkins nh&#226;&#803;n di&#234;&#803;n 3 thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i sinh ly&#769; chi&#769;nh di&#234;&#771;n ra &#273;&#259;&#768;ng sau hi&#234;&#803;n t&#432;&#417;&#803;ng thi&#769;ch nghi nhi&#234;&#803;t do ng&#226;m no&#769;ng</p><h2><strong>T&#259;ng th&#234;&#777; ti&#769;ch ma&#769;u</strong></h2><p>M&#244;&#803;t thi&#769;ch nghi &#273;&#259;&#803;c tr&#432;ng cu&#777;a thi&#769;ch nghi nhi&#234;&#803;t, &#417;&#777; m&#432;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; c&#226;&#769;p ti&#769;nh (trong ng&#259;&#769;n ha&#803;n), th&#234;&#777; ti&#769;ch ma&#769;u co&#769; xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng gia&#777;m &#273;i do c&#417; th&#234;&#777; m&#226;&#769;t n&#432;&#417;&#769;c (vd: &#273;&#244;&#777; m&#244;&#768; h&#244;i). Tuy nhi&#234;n, trong da&#768;i ha&#803;n, c&#417; th&#234;&#777; pha&#777;n &#432;&#769;ng bu&#768; &#273;&#259;&#769;p la&#803;i b&#259;&#768;ng ca&#769;ch t&#259;ng th&#234;&#777; ti&#769;ch ma&#769;u tr&#417;&#777; v&#234;&#768; va&#768; v&#432;&#417;&#803;t m&#432;&#769;c ban &#273;&#226;&#768;u.</p><blockquote><p><strong>T&#259;ng th&#234;&#777; ti&#769;ch ma&#769;u d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n l&#432;u l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng ma&#769;u &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c tu&#226;&#768;n hoa&#768;n trong c&#417; th&#234;&#777; t&#259;ng l&#234;n, &#273;o&#769;ng go&#769;p va&#768;o ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n kha&#777; n&#259;ng v&#226;&#803;n chuy&#234;&#777;n ch&#226;&#769;t dinh d&#432;&#417;&#771;ng, Oxy va&#768; kha&#777; n&#259;ng thanh tha&#777;i phu&#803; ch&#226;&#769;t chuy&#234;&#777;n ho&#769;a khi t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n.</strong></p></blockquote><h2>T&#259;ng kh&#244;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng h&#244;&#768;ng c&#226;&#768;u</h2><p>Trong khi ch&#432;a &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c hi&#234;&#777;u t&#432;&#417;&#768;ng t&#226;&#803;n, m&#244;&#803;t gia&#777; thuy&#234;&#769;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#273;&#234;&#768; xu&#226;&#769;t &#273;&#234;&#777; gia&#777;i ti&#769;ch hi&#234;&#803;n t&#432;&#417;&#803;ng na&#768;y xoay quanh chi&#777; s&#244;&#769; <em>hematocrit</em> (hay &#8220;<strong>hematocrit meter hypothesis</strong>&#8221;). <em>Hematocrit</em> (<strong>HCT</strong>) la&#768; ti&#777; l&#234;&#803; gi&#432;&#771;a l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng h&#244;&#768;ng c&#226;&#768;u (<em>red blood cell</em>) va&#768; th&#234;&#777; ti&#769;ch huy&#234;&#769;t t&#432;&#417;ng (t&#432;&#769;c ph&#226;&#768;n lo&#777;ng cu&#777;a ma&#769;u kh&#244;ng ch&#432;&#769;a h&#244;&#768;ng c&#226;&#768;u). Gia&#777; thuy&#234;&#769;t na&#768;y pho&#777;ng &#273;oa&#769;n r&#259;&#768;ng, &#417;&#777; Th&#226;&#803;n co&#769; m&#244;&#803;t &#8220;ca&#777;m bi&#234;&#769;n&#8221; co&#769; ch&#432;&#769;c n&#259;ng theo do&#771;i m&#432;&#769;c hematocrit. Khi hematocrit xu&#244;&#769;ng qua&#769; th&#226;&#769;p, Th&#226;&#803;n se&#771; t&#259;ng c&#432;&#417;&#768;ng t&#244;&#777;ng h&#417;&#803;p EPO (<em>Erythropoietin,</em> m&#244;&#803;t hormone ki&#769;ch thi&#769;ch sa&#777;n sinh h&#244;&#768;ng c&#226;&#768;u) va&#768; theo &#273;o&#769; t&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng h&#244;&#768;ng c&#226;&#768;u (va&#768; kh&#244;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng h&#244;&#768;ng c&#226;&#768;u) trong ma&#769;u. Trong qua&#769; tri&#768;nh thi&#769;ch nghi nhi&#234;&#803;t, sau 1-2 tu&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#226;&#768;u ti&#234;n a&#769;p du&#803;ng, &#8220;ca&#777;m bi&#234;&#769;n&#8221; HCT na&#768;y nh&#226;&#803;n th&#226;&#769;y th&#234;&#777; ti&#769;ch huy&#234;&#769;t t&#432;&#417;ng t&#259;ng l&#234;n, va&#768; theo &#273;o&#769; thu&#769;c &#273;&#226;&#777;y t&#259;ng sa&#777;n sinh h&#244;&#768;ng c&#226;&#768;u &#273;&#234;&#777; &#273;&#244;&#769;i tro&#803;ng la&#803;i v&#417;&#769;i th&#234;&#777; ti&#769;ch huy&#234;&#769;t t&#432;&#417;ng l&#417;&#769;n h&#417;n va&#768; kh&#244;i phu&#803;c la&#803;i ti&#777; l&#234;&#803; HCT t&#244;&#769;i &#432;u.</p><blockquote><p><strong>T&#259;ng kh&#244;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng h&#244;&#768;ng c&#226;&#768;u d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n t&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng Oxy &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c v&#226;&#803;n chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p &#273;ang v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng, &#273;o&#769;ng go&#769;p va&#768;o kha&#777; n&#259;ng sa&#777;n xu&#226;&#769;t n&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng hi&#234;&#769;u khi&#769; cu&#777;a c&#417; th&#234;&#777; khi t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n S&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n.</strong></p></blockquote><h2>Thi&#769;ch nghi tim ma&#803;ch</h2><p>Nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n ng&#226;m no&#769;ng d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n t&#259;ng Th&#234;&#777; ti&#769;ch cu&#244;&#769;i t&#226;m tr&#432;&#417;ng T&#226;m th&#226;&#769;t tra&#769;i va&#768; Th&#234;&#777; ti&#769;ch t&#244;&#769;ng ma&#769;u. <em>Th&#234;&#777; ti&#769;ch cu&#244;&#769;i t&#226;m tr&#432;&#417;ng trong t&#226;m th&#226;&#769;t tra&#769;i (left ventricular end-diastolic volume)</em> la&#768; l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng ma&#769;u t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ch&#432;&#769;a trong t&#226;m th&#226;&#769;t tra&#769;i cu&#777;a Tim ngay tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c khi no&#769; co bo&#769;p &#273;&#234;&#777; t&#244;&#769;ng ma&#769;u &#273;i. Th&#234;&#777; ti&#769;ch t&#244;&#769;ng ma&#769;u (<em>stroke volume</em>) la&#768; l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng ma&#769;u Tim t&#244;&#769;ng &#273;i v&#417;&#769;i m&#244;&#771;i nhi&#803;p &#273;&#226;&#803;p. </p><blockquote><p><strong>Hai chi&#777; s&#244;&#769; na&#768;y khi t&#259;ng l&#234;n trong da&#768;i ha&#803;n pha&#777;n a&#769;nh s&#432;&#803; thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i v&#234;&#768; c&#226;&#769;u tru&#769;c c&#417; Tim, t&#259;ng kha&#777; n&#259;ng b&#417;m ma&#769;u, va&#768; theo &#273;o&#769; Oxy va&#768; ch&#226;&#769;t dinh d&#432;&#417;&#771;ng &#273;&#234;&#769;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p &#273;ang v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng cu&#777;a Tim.</strong></p></blockquote><p>&#272;a&#769;ng chu&#769; y&#769;, trong nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i, hai chi&#777; s&#244;&#769; tr&#234;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#273;o trong tra&#803;ng tha&#769;i <em>nghi&#777;</em> (thay vi&#768; khi &#273;ang t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n). Trong khi kh&#244;ng tr&#432;&#803;c ti&#234;&#769;p li&#234;n k&#234;&#769;t v&#417;&#769;i ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; v&#234;&#768; ch&#432;&#769;c n&#259;ng v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng, nh&#432;&#771;ng k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; tr&#234;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; gia&#769;n ti&#234;&#769;p pha&#777;n a&#769;nh <em>thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i v&#234;&#768; c&#226;&#769;u tru&#769;c Tim</em>. Cu&#803; th&#234;&#777;, th&#234;&#777; ti&#769;ch cu&#244;&#769;i t&#226;m tr&#432;&#417;ng T&#226;m th&#226;&#769;t tra&#769;i va&#768; th&#234;&#777; ti&#769;ch t&#244;&#769;ng ma&#769;u &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ghi nh&#226;&#803;n t&#259;ng l&#234;n, trong khi kh&#244;ng co&#769; thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i ro&#771; r&#234;&#803;t v&#234;&#768; ch&#432;&#769;c n&#259;ng t&#226;m tr&#432;&#417;ng, theo ca&#769;c ta&#769;c gia&#777; &#273;&#234;&#768; xu&#226;&#769;t r&#259;&#768;ng Tim co&#769; s&#432;&#803; thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i <em>c&#226;&#769;u tru&#769;c</em> - t&#259;ng &#273;&#244;&#803; chun gia&#771;n cu&#777;a t&#226;m Th&#226;&#769;t tra&#769;i - &#273;&#234;&#777; ti&#234;&#769;p nh&#226;&#803;n va&#768; b&#417;m &#273;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng ma&#769;u l&#417;&#769;n h&#417;n trong khi kh&#244;ng g&#259;&#803;p pha&#777;i thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i b&#226;&#769;t l&#417;&#803;i v&#234;&#768; c&#417; ho&#803;c (cho phe&#769;p la&#768;m &#273;&#226;&#768;y T&#226;m th&#226;&#769;t tra&#769;i hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; h&#417;n v&#417;&#769;i i&#769;t a&#769;p l&#432;&#803;c h&#417;n). Thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i c&#226;&#769;u tru&#769;c na&#768;y cu&#777;a Tim tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c &#273;o&#769; cu&#771;ng &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ghi nh&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i thi&#769;ch nghi nhi&#234;&#803;t da&#768;i ha&#803;n trong b&#244;&#769;i ca&#777;nh l&#226;m sa&#768;ng.</p><p>Tuy nhi&#234;n, &#417;&#777; ca&#769;c chi&#777; s&#244;&#769; tr&#432;&#803;c ti&#234;&#769;p &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769; c&#226;&#769;u tru&#769;c Tim, nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i kh&#244;ng ghi nh&#226;&#803;n thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i ro&#771; r&#234;&#803;t, theo ca&#769;c ta&#769;c gia&#777; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c gia&#777;i thi&#769;ch b&#417;&#777;i 1) nh&#432;&#771;ng thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i na&#768;y co&#769; th&#234;&#777; r&#226;&#769;t nho&#777;, nho&#777; h&#417;n kha&#777; n&#259;ng &#273;o l&#432;&#417;&#768;ng cu&#777;a ki&#771; thu&#226;&#803;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng; va&#768; 2) &#273;&#244;&#769;i t&#432;&#417;&#803;ng tham gia cu&#777;a nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u &#273;a&#771; co&#769; h&#234;&#803; tim ma&#803;ch pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n &#417;&#777; tri&#768;nh &#273;&#244;&#803; cao th&#244;ng qua t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n s&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n.</p><h1>Ph&#432;&#417;ng a&#769;n a&#769;p du&#803;ng</h1><p>Trong thi&#769; nghi&#234;&#803;m na&#768;y, ph&#432;&#417;ng a&#769;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c a&#769;p du&#803;ng la&#768; 45 phu&#769;t x 5 l&#226;&#768;n/tu&#226;&#768;n &#417;&#777; nhi&#234;&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803; 40 &#273;&#244;&#803; C. Tuy nhi&#234;n, <em>Elliott Jenkins</em> co&#769; m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; bi&#768;nh lu&#226;&#803;n sau.</p><p><strong>V&#234;&#768; th&#417;&#768;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng</strong>: kh&#244;ng nh&#226;&#769;t thi&#234;&#769;t pha&#777;i la&#768; 45 phu&#769;t, ma&#768; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; chi&#777; c&#226;&#768;n ~30 phu&#769;t. &#272;a&#769;ng chu&#769; y&#769;, ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p n&#234;n t&#259;ng ti&#234;&#769;n d&#226;&#768;n v&#234;&#768; th&#417;&#768;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng ng&#226;m no&#769;ng &#273;&#234;&#777; re&#768;n luy&#234;&#803;n d&#226;&#768;n kha&#777; n&#259;ng chi&#803;u nhi&#234;&#803;t. T&#432;&#769;c, khi b&#259;&#769;t &#273;&#226;&#768;u ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p co&#769; th&#234;&#777; chi&#777; c&#226;&#768;n da&#768;nh 15-20 phu&#769;t x 3-4 l&#226;&#768;n/tu&#226;&#768;n, sau &#273;o&#769; ke&#769;o da&#768;i m&#244;&#771;i bu&#244;&#777;i h&#417;n (t&#259;ng l&#234;n 30 phu&#769;t ho&#259;&#803;c cao h&#417;n) va&#768;/ho&#259;&#803;c t&#259;ng th&#234;m s&#244;&#769; bu&#244;&#777;i (5 bu&#244;&#777;i/tu&#226;&#768;n), tu&#768;y va&#768;o nhu c&#226;&#768;u. Chu&#769; y&#769; &#273;&#226;y chi&#777; la&#768; ph&#432;&#417;ng a&#769;n <em>b&#244;&#777; tr&#417;&#803;</em> cho hoa&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803;ng t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n chi&#769;nh; n&#234;&#769;u ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p &#273;ang ta&#803;o ra ki&#769;ch thi&#769;ch hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; t&#432;&#768; t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n (t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n v&#417;&#769;i Volume va&#768; c&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#244;&#803; phu&#768; h&#417;&#803;p), chi&#777; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; s&#259;&#769;p x&#234;&#769;p 3-4 bu&#244;&#777;i/tu&#226;&#768;n x 30p cu&#771;ng &#273;a&#771; &#273;u&#777;, ch&#432;&#769; kh&#244;ng c&#226;&#768;n thi&#234;&#769;t pha&#777;i 5-6 bu&#244;&#777;i.</p><p><strong>V&#234;&#768; nhi&#234;&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803;:</strong> Ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p co&#769; th&#234;&#777; t&#259;ng l&#234;n t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a la&#768; 42&#8304;C. Gi&#244;&#769;ng nh&#432; th&#417;&#768;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng, ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p n&#234;n b&#259;&#769;t &#273;&#226;&#768;u v&#417;&#769;i m&#432;&#769;c n&#259;&#768;m trong kha&#777; n&#259;ng chi&#803;u &#273;&#432;&#803;ng, mi&#234;&#771;n la&#768; cao h&#417;n th&#226;n nhi&#234;&#803;t (37&#8304;C), sau &#273;o&#769; t&#259;ng ti&#234;&#769;n d&#226;&#768;n v&#234;&#768; nhi&#234;&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803; (k&#234;&#769;t h&#417;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i th&#417;&#768;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng).</p><p><strong>Ki&#234;&#777;m soa&#769;t kho&#769; chi&#803;u</strong>: Ng&#226;m no&#769;ng l&#226;u kh&#244;ng h&#234;&#768; d&#234;&#771; chi&#803;u m&#244;&#803;t chu&#769;t na&#768;o, &#273;&#259;&#803;c bi&#234;&#803;t &#417;&#777; th&#417;&#768;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng da&#768;i l&#234;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n 45 phu&#769;t. Vi&#768; v&#226;&#803;y, ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u ho&#768;a ca&#777;m gia&#769;c kho&#769; chi&#803;u b&#259;&#768;ng nh&#432;&#771;ng ca&#769;ch nh&#432; thi&#777;nh thoa&#777;ng n&#226;ng ca&#769;c ph&#226;&#768;n kha&#769;c nhau cu&#777;a c&#417; th&#234;&#777; kho&#777;i m&#259;&#803;t n&#432;&#417;&#769;c</p><p><strong>Gia&#777;i kha&#769;t</strong>: trong thi&#769; nghi&#234;&#803;m, nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i tham gia &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c cung c&#226;&#769;p 500ml n&#432;&#417;&#769;c cho bu&#244;&#777;i ng&#226;m no&#769;ng ke&#769;o da&#768;i 45 phu&#769;t. Trong th&#432;&#803;c t&#234;&#769; ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p co&#769; th&#234;&#777; l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n u&#244;&#769;ng i&#769;t h&#417;n, b&#417;&#777;i m&#226;&#769;t n&#432;&#417;&#769;c co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;o&#769;ng go&#769;p va&#768;o ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; t&#259;ng th&#234;&#777; ti&#769;ch huy&#234;&#769;t t&#432;&#417;ng. Tuy nhi&#234;n, ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p n&#234;n u&#244;&#769;ng theo c&#417;n kha&#769;t.</p><h1>K&#234;&#769;t lu&#226;&#803;n</h1><p>Ng&#226;m no&#769;ng la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t ph&#432;&#417;ng a&#769;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; giu&#769;p ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n ch&#432;&#769;c n&#259;ng tim ma&#803;ch va&#768; tha&#768;nh ti&#769;ch s&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n, nh&#432;ng c&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ti&#234;&#769;p nh&#226;&#803;n v&#417;&#769;i nh&#432;&#771;ng l&#432;u y&#769; sau:</p><ul><li><p>No&#769; chi&#777; la&#768; ph&#432;&#417;ng a&#769;n b&#244;&#777; tr&#417;&#803;,kh&#244;ng th&#234;&#777; thay th&#234;&#769; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c vai tro&#768; chu&#777; &#273;a&#803;o cu&#777;a t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n, b&#226;&#769;t k&#234;&#777; mu&#803;c ti&#234;u la&#768; ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n tha&#768;nh ti&#769;ch v&#234;&#768; s&#432;&#769;c b&#234;&#768;n hay n&#226;ng cao s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e.</p></li><li><p>Hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; no&#769; mang la&#803;i kha&#769; nho&#777; so v&#417;&#769;i c&#244;ng s&#432;&#769;c bo&#777; ra (th&#417;&#768;i gian, ti&#234;&#768;n &#273;i&#234;&#803;n &#273;&#234;&#777; &#273;un n&#432;&#417;&#769;c), vi&#768; v&#226;&#803;y no&#769; se&#771; phu&#768; h&#417;&#803;p nh&#226;&#769;t &#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p mu&#244;&#769;n theo &#273;u&#244;&#777;i tha&#768;nh ti&#769;ch &#273;i&#777;nh cao.</p></li><li><p>Mu&#803;c &#273;i&#769;ch cu&#777;a ph&#432;&#417;ng a&#769;n na&#768;y la&#768; b&#244;&#777; tr&#417;&#803;, vi&#768; v&#226;&#803;y &#273;&#432;&#768;ng n&#234;n la&#803;m du&#803;ng no&#769; (nh&#226;&#769;t la&#768; khi ti&#234;&#769;p xu&#769;c nhi&#234;&#803;t qua&#769; l&#226;u va&#768; c&#432;&#803;c &#273;oan co&#769; th&#234;&#777; g&#226;y nguy hi&#234;&#777;m).</p></li></ul>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Nghiên cứu mới: kháng lực nặng hơn khi "giãn" không tăng cơ tốt hơn so với nặng hơn khi "co" !?]]></title><description><![CDATA[M&#244;&#803;t pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n co&#769; ve&#777; &#273;o&#769;ng go&#769;p va&#768;o s&#432;&#803; l&#417;&#777;m kh&#417;&#777;m cu&#777;a "t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n theo khoa ho&#803;c", nh&#432;ng se&#771; h&#417;&#803;p ly&#769; n&#234;&#769;u ba&#803;n suy nghi&#771; m&#244;&#803;t ca&#769;ch khoa ho&#803;c.]]></description><link>https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/nghien-cuu-moi-khang-luc-nang-hon</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/nghien-cuu-moi-khang-luc-nang-hon</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[The Thinking Trainer]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 12 Dec 2025 10:49:23 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/youtube/w_728,c_limit/HJHeGGSp1tQ" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>V&#417;&#769;i ca&#769;c khi&#769;a ca&#803;nh cu&#777;a &#8220;t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n &#417;&#777; &#273;&#244;&#803; da&#768;i c&#417; l&#417;&#769;n&#8221; (<em>long muscle length training</em> hay LMLT) &#273;ang n&#259;&#768;m trong nh&#432;&#771;ng chu&#777; &#273;&#234;&#768; li&#234;n quan &#273;&#234;&#769;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n s&#244;i n&#244;&#777;i, nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n sau &#273;&#226;y b&#417;&#777;i &#8220;<em>Jones va&#768; &#273;&#244;&#768;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p</em>&#8221; (&#417;&#777; da&#803;ng <em>pre-print</em> <a href="https://sportrxiv.org/index.php/server/preprint/view/660">ta&#803;i &#273;&#226;y</a>) la&#768; di&#234;&#771;n bi&#234;&#769;n ti&#234;&#769;p theo trong cu&#244;&#803;c tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n (va&#768; tranh lu&#226;&#803;n) na&#768;y. Nhi&#768;n chung, nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u ghi nh&#226;&#803;n pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; coi la&#768; &#273;&#244;&#769;i l&#226;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i ki&#768; vo&#803;ng xu&#226;&#769;t pha&#769;t t&#432;&#768; ca&#769;c n&#244;&#803;i dung t&#432;&#768; ma&#803;ng xa&#771; h&#244;&#803;i, nh&#432;ng hoa&#768;n toa&#768;n h&#417;&#803;p ly&#769; khi nhi&#768;n trong t&#244;&#777;ng th&#234;&#777; nh&#432;&#771;ng b&#259;&#768;ng ch&#432;&#769;ng v&#234;&#768; chu&#777; &#273;&#234;&#768; na&#768;y.</p><p>Trong ba&#768;i vi&#234;&#769;t na&#768;y, chu&#769;ng ta se&#771; tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n v&#234;&#768; nh&#432;&#771;ng &#273;i&#234;&#768;u &#273;a&#769;ng chu&#769; y&#769; cu&#777;a nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i, va&#768; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u co&#769; th&#234;&#777; ru&#769;t ra t&#432;&#768; chu&#769;ng.</p><h1>CA&#769;C &#272;I&#202;&#777;M &#272;A&#769;NG CHU&#769; Y&#769;</h1><p>&#272;i&#234;&#777;m &#273;&#226;&#768;u ti&#234;n khi&#234;&#769;n mi&#768;nh chu&#769; y&#769; la&#768; s&#432;&#803; tham gia &#273;o&#769;ng go&#769;p ti&#769;ch c&#432;&#803;c cu&#777;a gi&#417;&#769;i chuy&#234;n gia trong nga&#768;nh c&#244;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p fitness trong kh&#226;u thi&#234;&#769;t k&#234;&#769; quy tri&#768;nh thi&#769; nghi&#234;&#803;m. S&#432;&#803; &#273;o&#769;ng go&#769;p cu&#777;a nga&#768;nh c&#244;ng ngi&#234;&#803;p trong li&#771;nh v&#432;&#803;c nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u kh&#244;ng pha&#777;i la&#768; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u hi&#234;&#769;m g&#259;&#803;p, khi ca&#769;c doanh nghi&#234;&#803;p th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng xuy&#234;n ta&#768;i tr&#417;&#803; v&#234;&#768; ti&#234;&#768;n hay sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m cho ca&#769;c nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u v&#234;&#768; t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n va&#768; dinh d&#432;&#417;&#771;ng. Cu&#768;ng v&#234;&#768; chu&#777; &#273;&#234;&#768; na&#768;y, tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c &#273;o&#769; chu&#769;ng ta co&#769; th&#234;&#777; nghi&#771; &#273;&#234;&#769;n hai vi&#769; du&#803;: nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u b&#417;&#777;i &#8220;<em>Plotkin va&#768; &#273;&#244;&#768;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p</em>&#8221; (Squat vs Hip Thrust cho M&#244;ng) &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ta&#768;i tr&#417;&#803; b&#417;&#777;i Bret Contreras va&#768; Menno Henselmans, va&#768; nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u b&#417;&#777;i &#8220;<em>Wolf va&#768; &#273;&#244;&#768;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p</em>&#8221; (Full ROM vs Lengthened Partials) &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ta&#768;i tr&#417;&#803; b&#417;&#777;i Jeff Nippard; hai nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u na&#768;y &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c T3 tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c &#273;o&#769; tr&#234;n Substack.</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;f0fdeaee-7593-4acb-8558-e97e52bd9622&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&#272;&#226;y l&#224; k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n c&#7911;a m&#7897;t nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u m&#7899;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#244;ng b&#7889; v&#224; ngay l&#7853;p t&#7913;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c chia s&#7867; b&#7903;i c&#225;c chuy&#234;n gia nh&#432; Brad Schoenfeld, Bret Contreras, v&#224; Menno Henselmans.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u m&#7899;i: Hip Thrust ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n c&#417; M&#244;ng t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng v&#7899;i Squat&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:180133116,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;The Thinking Trainer&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Trang th&#244;ng tin, b&#224;i vi&#7871;t chuy&#234;n m&#244;n c&#7911;a The Thinking Trainer&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f878e649-bd67-4fac-9d1c-04cb3d98c0be_940x788.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2024-07-24T04:17:16.606Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!an-x!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa55afb51-b4a1-4e1f-a6d3-4d02635c5fc6_1920x1080.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/nghien-cuu-moi-hip-thrust-phat-trien&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;\&quot;Chuy&#234;n Gia\&quot; Th&#7871; Gi&#7899;i N&#243;i G&#236;?&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:146945145,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2081899,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;THE THINKING TRAINER&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JeF3!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0a5bedd-8a2d-4b73-a7d3-3b2cc703bec8_256x256.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;d30b2212-b144-4d1b-b00f-64db6bda4441&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;B&#7841;n &#273;&#7885;c theo d&#245;i n&#7897;i dung c&#7911;a T3 c&#243; th&#7875; nh&#7853;n th&#7845;y l&#224; ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; &#8220;kho&#7843;ng ROM t&#259;ng c&#417;&#8221; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n kh&#225; th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&#234;n. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y c&#361;ng d&#7877; hi&#7875;u th&#244;i, &#273;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n (v&#224; tranh lu&#7853;n) th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&#234;n tr&#234;n m&#7841;ng x&#227; h&#7897;i, v&#224; g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y m&#7897;t s&#7889; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u m&#7899;i c&#244;ng b&#7889; g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y ti&#7871;p th&#234;m nhi&#7879;t cho nh&#7919;ng cu&#7897;c tranh lu&#7853;n n&#224;y. B&#224;i vi&#7871;t n&#224;y s&#7869; th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n v&#7873; 2 nghi&#234;n&#8230;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u m&#7899;i: Ti&#7871;p n&#7889;i c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n v&#7873; kho&#7843;ng ROM &#8220;t&#7889;i &#432;u&#8221; cho t&#259;ng c&#417;&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:180133116,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;The Thinking Trainer&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Trang th&#244;ng tin, b&#224;i vi&#7871;t chuy&#234;n m&#244;n c&#7911;a The Thinking Trainer&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f878e649-bd67-4fac-9d1c-04cb3d98c0be_940x788.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2024-10-14T23:53:27.775Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cU2S!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa886f0e6-6dd8-4df1-905b-b38b2c4ed953_1920x1080.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/nghien-cuu-moi-tiep-noi-cau-chuyen&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;\&quot;Chuy&#234;n Gia\&quot; Th&#7871; Gi&#7899;i N&#243;i G&#236;?&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:150236927,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:2,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2081899,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;THE THINKING TRAINER&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JeF3!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0a5bedd-8a2d-4b73-a7d3-3b2cc703bec8_256x256.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><p>M&#259;&#803;t kha&#769;c, m&#244;&#803;t trong nh&#432;&#771;ng chi&#777; tri&#769;ch ph&#244;&#777; bi&#234;&#769;n &#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i ca&#769;c nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u v&#234;&#768; t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n no&#769;i chung va&#768; cu&#803; th&#234;&#777; li&#234;n quan &#273;&#234;&#769;n chu&#777; &#273;&#234;&#768; LMLT la&#768; s&#432;&#803; <a href="https://open.substack.com/pub/thethinkingtrainer/p/nghien-cuu-moi-tiep-noi-cau-chuyen?r=2z8vlo&amp;selection=b6cbcbc5-c3f9-4203-88e9-0b2b784c1e10&amp;utm_campaign=post-share-selection&amp;utm_medium=web&amp;aspectRatio=instagram&amp;textColor=%23ffffff&amp;bgImage=true">thi&#234;&#769;u ki&#234;&#777;m soa&#769;t v&#234;&#768; ki&#771; thu&#226;&#803;t th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p</a>. Trong nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i, b&#234;n ca&#803;nh &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c h&#244;&#771; tr&#417;&#803; v&#234;&#768; ta&#768;i chi&#769;nh (b&#417;&#777;i <em>Jeremy Ethier</em> va&#768; <em>Bret Contreras</em>), nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i co&#769; s&#432;&#803; c&#244;&#769; v&#226;&#769;n cu&#777;a <em>Kassem Hanson</em> v&#234;&#768; thi&#234;&#769;t k&#234;&#769; ch&#432;&#417;ng tri&#768;nh t&#226;&#803;p, cu&#771;ng nh&#432; &#273;&#226;&#768;u t&#432; v&#234;&#768; thi&#234;&#769;t bi&#803; t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n - la&#768; ca&#769;c ma&#769;y t&#226;&#803;p cu&#777;a ha&#771;ng <em>Prime Fitness</em>, &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#432;a chu&#244;&#803;ng trong gi&#417;&#769;i Th&#234;&#777; Hi&#768;nh b&#417;&#777;i ch&#226;&#769;t l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng cao va&#768; kha&#777; n&#259;ng &#273;i&#234;&#768;u chi&#777;nh tru&#803;c Cam &#273;&#234;&#777; thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c trong bi&#234;n &#273;&#244;&#803; chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng.</p><p>V&#234;&#768; n&#244;&#803;i dung nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u, <em>Jeremy Ethier</em> va&#768; <em><a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/DRnyAY5kY5y/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link&amp;igsh=MzRlODBiNWFlZA%3D%3D">Kassem</a></em> &#273;a&#771; to&#769;m t&#259;&#769;t kha&#769; &#273;&#226;&#768;y &#273;u&#777; va&#768; su&#769;c ti&#769;ch tr&#234;n k&#234;nh ca&#769; nh&#226;n cu&#777;a mi&#768;nh, mi&#768;nh se&#771; chi&#777; &#273;i&#234;&#777;m la&#803;i m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; th&#244;ng tin chi&#769;nh sau:</p><div id="youtube2-HJHeGGSp1tQ" class="youtube-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;videoId&quot;:&quot;HJHeGGSp1tQ&quot;,&quot;startTime&quot;:null,&quot;endTime&quot;:null}" data-component-name="Youtube2ToDOM"><div class="youtube-inner"><iframe src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/HJHeGGSp1tQ?rel=0&amp;autoplay=0&amp;showinfo=0&amp;enablejsapi=0" frameborder="0" loading="lazy" gesture="media" allow="autoplay; fullscreen" allowautoplay="true" allowfullscreen="true" width="728" height="409"></iframe></div></div><p><a href="https://www.instagram.com/p/DRnyAY5kY5y/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link&amp;igsh=MzRlODBiNWFlZA==">www.instagram.com</a></p><ul><li><p>Nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng ca&#769;ch thi&#234;&#769;t k&#234;&#769; &#8220;trong ca&#769; nh&#226;n&#8221; (<em>within participant</em>), theo &#273;o&#769; m&#244;&#803;t b&#234;n c&#417; th&#234;&#777; cu&#777;a m&#244;&#771;i ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i tham gia &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c chi&#777; &#273;i&#803;nh th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n bi&#234;&#803;n pha&#769;p thi&#769; nghi&#234;&#803;m, va&#768; b&#234;n co&#768;n la&#803;i &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c a&#769;p du&#803;ng bi&#234;&#803;n pha&#769;p &#272;&#244;&#769;i ch&#432;&#769;ng.</p></li><li><p>Bi&#234;&#803;n pha&#769;p thi&#769; nghi&#234;&#803;m la&#768; ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p ta&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803;ng va&#768;o ca&#769;c nho&#769;m c&#417; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c chi&#777; &#273;i&#803;nh nh&#432;ng v&#417;&#769;i Kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c thi&#234;&#769;t l&#226;&#803;p &#273;&#234;&#777; n&#259;&#803;ng nh&#226;&#769;t &#417;&#777; &#273;i&#234;&#777;m b&#259;&#769;t &#273;&#226;&#768;u chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng khi c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p co&#769; &#273;&#244;&#803; da&#768;i l&#417;&#769;n nh&#226;&#769;t (<em><strong>Descending</strong></em> resistance profile hay <strong>n&#259;&#803;ng nh&#226;&#769;t khi c&#417; da&#768;i</strong>); trong khi &#273;o&#769; bi&#234;&#803;n pha&#769;p &#272;&#244;&#769;i ch&#432;&#769;ng la&#768; ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p t&#432;&#417;ng t&#432;&#803; nh&#432;ng v&#417;&#769;i kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c thi&#234;&#769;t l&#226;&#803;p &#417;&#777; &#273;i&#234;&#777;m cu&#244;&#769;i cu&#777;a chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng khi c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p co ng&#259;&#769;n nh&#226;&#769;n (<em><strong>Ascending</strong></em> resistance profile hay <strong>n&#259;&#803;ng nh&#226;&#769;t khi c&#417; ng&#259;&#769;n</strong>).</p></li><li><p>Ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng bao g&#244;&#768;m: <em>Reverse Fly, Lateral Raise, Multi-Hip extension</em>, va&#768; <em>Chest Fly</em>. Ki&#234;&#777;u kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c thi&#234;&#769;t l&#226;&#803;p &#417;&#777; m&#432;&#769;c n&#259;&#803;ng nh&#226;&#769;t khi c&#417; da&#768;i/c&#417; ng&#259;&#769;n nh&#417;&#768; va&#768;o ti&#769;nh n&#259;ng cu&#777;a ma&#769;y t&#226;&#803;p Prime cho phe&#769;p &#273;i&#234;&#768;u chi&#777;nh tru&#803;c cam &#273;&#234;&#777; &#273;a&#803;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ki&#234;&#777;u kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c mong mu&#244;&#769;n.</p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Wv8P!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c6efd8c-07bc-4f61-b854-33abc41edd42_1657x827.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Wv8P!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c6efd8c-07bc-4f61-b854-33abc41edd42_1657x827.png" width="526" height="262.6387362637363" 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class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><ul><li><p>Nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i tham gia ch&#432;a t&#432;&#768;ng t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n (<em>untrained</em>) t&#226;&#803;p 2 bu&#244;&#777;i/tu&#226;&#768;n x 10 tu&#226;&#768;n, m&#244;&#771;i bu&#244;&#777;i th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p k&#234;&#777; tr&#234;n v&#417;&#769;i m&#244;&#771;i b&#234;n th&#226;n a&#769;p du&#803;ng bi&#234;&#803;n pha&#769;p t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c chi&#777; &#273;i&#803;nh (t&#226;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i Kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c n&#259;&#803;ng nh&#226;&#769;t khi c&#417; da&#768;i vs khi c&#417; ng&#259;&#769;n). M&#244;&#771;i ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n 4-5 ets x 8-12 Reps &#273;&#234;&#769;n th&#226;&#769;t ba&#803;i, v&#417;&#769;i tempo (t&#244;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n) &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c gia&#769;m sa&#769;t va&#768; ti&#234;u chu&#226;&#777;n ho&#769;a b&#417;&#777;i nho&#769;m nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u. M&#432;&#769;c ta&#803; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#273;i&#234;&#768;u chi&#777;nh va&#768; t&#259;ng ti&#234;&#769;n &#273;&#234;&#777; &#273;a&#777;m ba&#777;o nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i tham gia hoa&#768;n tha&#768;nh m&#244;&#771;i Set trong khoa&#777;ng Rep &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c chi&#777; &#273;i&#803;nh.</p></li><li><p>K&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; chi&#769;nh &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c quan t&#226;m la&#768; <strong>thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i v&#234;&#768; ki&#769;ch th&#432;&#417;&#769;c C&#417; b&#259;&#769;p</strong> (&#273;o b&#259;&#768;ng MRI, ki&#769;ch th&#432;&#417;&#769;c toa&#768;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p va&#768; &#417;&#777; ca&#769;c khoa&#777;ng c&#226;&#803;n t&#226;m, gi&#432;&#771;a, va&#768; xa t&#226;m) cu&#777;a ca&#769;c nho&#769;m c&#417;: <strong>Vai gi&#432;&#771;a, Vai sau</strong>, va&#768; <strong>M&#244;ng</strong>.</p></li></ul><p><strong>PHA&#769;T HI&#202;&#803;N</strong>: </p><ul><li><p>T&#226;&#769;t ca&#777; nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i tham gia <strong>&#273;&#234;&#768;u t&#259;ng th&#234;m ki&#769;ch th&#432;&#417;&#769;c</strong> &#417;&#777; ca&#769;c nho&#769;m c&#417; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c theo do&#771;i (~20%), ma&#768; <strong>kh&#244;ng co&#769; b&#226;&#769;t c&#432;&#769; kha&#769;c bi&#234;&#803;t</strong> &#273;a&#769;ng k&#234;&#777; (hay xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng kha&#769;c bi&#234;&#803;t) na&#768;o gi&#432;&#771;a ca&#769;c b&#234;n t&#226;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i ki&#234;&#777;u Kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c kha&#769;c nhau.</p></li></ul><h1>BI&#768;NH LU&#194;&#803;N</h1><p>T&#226;&#769;t nhi&#234;n, du&#768; se&#771; kh&#244;ng &#273;i s&#226;u va&#768;o, nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i chi&#777; la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u &#273;o&#769;ng go&#769;p th&#234;m d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n va&#768;o t&#244;&#777;ng th&#234;&#777; b&#259;&#768;ng ch&#432;&#769;ng v&#234;&#768; chu&#777; &#273;&#234;&#768; hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i - t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n &#417;&#777; &#273;&#244;&#803; da&#768;i c&#417; l&#417;&#769;n, cu&#803; th&#234;&#777; la&#768; l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c n&#259;&#803;ng nh&#226;&#769;t khi c&#417; ke&#769;o gia&#771;n, va&#768; pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p. No&#769; co&#769; &#273;u&#777; nh&#432;&#771;ng <em>ha&#803;n ch&#234;&#769;</em> xu&#226;&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n ph&#244;&#777; bi&#234;&#769;n trong ca&#769;c nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u v&#234;&#768; t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n, nh&#432; m&#226;&#771;u thi&#769; nghi&#234;&#803;m nho&#777; (du&#768; &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n &#273;a&#769;ng k&#234;&#777; b&#259;&#768;ng thi&#234;&#769;t k&#234;&#769; &#8220;trong ca&#769; nh&#226;n&#8221;), bi&#234;&#769;n thi&#234;n v&#234;&#768; pha&#777;n &#432;&#769;ng gi&#432;&#771;a ca&#769;c ca&#769; nh&#226;n. Du&#768; v&#226;&#803;y, quan &#273;i&#234;&#777;m chung cu&#777;a gi&#417;&#769;i chuy&#234;n gia la&#768;, &#273;&#226;y v&#226;&#771;n la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c thi&#234;&#769;t k&#234;&#769; va&#768; th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n ch&#259;&#803;t che&#771;, va&#768; vi&#768; th&#234;&#769; cung c&#226;&#769;p d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n co&#769; gia&#769; tri&#803; cho nh&#432;&#771;ng ph&#226;n ti&#769;ch t&#244;&#777;ng h&#417;&#803;p trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai.</p><p>Xe&#769;t trong t&#244;&#777;ng th&#234;&#777; b&#259;&#768;ng ch&#432;&#769;ng v&#234;&#768; &#8220;t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n &#417;&#777; &#273;&#244;&#803; da&#768;i c&#417; l&#417;&#769;n&#8221;, nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i ghi nh&#226;&#803;n hi&#234;&#803;u &#432;&#769;ng &#8220;trung ti&#769;nh&#8221; - kh&#244;ng t&#244;&#769;t h&#417;n hay ke&#769;m h&#417;n - cu&#777;a ph&#432;&#417;ng a&#769;n t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n na&#768;y, cu&#803; th&#234;&#777; &#417;&#777; &#273;&#226;y la&#768; <em><strong>l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p</strong></em> v&#417;&#769;i kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c n&#259;&#803;ng nh&#226;&#769;t &#417;&#777; &#273;&#244;&#803; da&#768;i c&#417; l&#417;&#769;n. Trong khi &#273;em la&#803;i &#226;&#769;n t&#432;&#417;&#803;ng r&#259;&#768;ng ca&#769;c nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u v&#234;&#768; chu&#777; &#273;&#234;&#768; na&#768;y to&#777; ra l&#417;&#777;m kh&#417;&#777;m hay th&#226;&#803;m chi&#769; m&#226;u thu&#226;&#771;n nhau, nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i &#273;o&#769;ng go&#769;p va&#768;o m&#244;&#803;t xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng hi&#234;&#803;u &#432;&#769;ng trung ti&#769;nh - ti&#769;ch c&#432;&#803;c (nho&#777;) cu&#777;a ca&#769;c ph&#432;&#417;ng a&#769;n t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n &#417;&#777; &#273;&#244;&#803; da&#768;i c&#417; l&#417;&#769;n, v&#417;&#769;i m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng cu&#803; th&#234;&#777; d&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c he&#769; l&#244;&#803; (&#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n cu&#803; th&#234;&#777; h&#417;n trong <em><strong>T&#226;&#803;p San Tha&#769;ng 03/2025</strong></em>).</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;c3ef997e-b90d-41f3-9aec-a523f9c4eac8&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;D&#432;&#7899;i &#273;&#226;y l&#224; nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i vi&#7871;t v&#224; ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; s&#7869; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n trong th&#225;ng n&#224;y T&#7853;p San T3 Monthly Digest. C&#225;c b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; tra c&#7913;u nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i vi&#7871;t v&#224; ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n trong T&#7853;p San Th&#225;ng n&#224;y hay c&#225;c th&#225;ng tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#243; trong Danh m&#7909;c b&#224;i vi&#7871;t &#273;&#227; xu&#7845;t b&#7843;n.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;T&#7852;P SAN T3 DIGEST TH&#193;NG 03/2025&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:180133116,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;The Thinking Trainer&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Trang th&#244;ng tin, b&#224;i vi&#7871;t chuy&#234;n m&#244;n c&#7911;a The Thinking Trainer&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f878e649-bd67-4fac-9d1c-04cb3d98c0be_940x788.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-09-26T03:32:17.436Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QIr6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89618650-3954-4106-a4f6-c4534cff61f8_1919x951.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/tap-san-t3-digest-thang-032025&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;T&#7853;p San T3 Monthly Digest&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:174587323,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2081899,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;THE THINKING TRAINER&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JeF3!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0a5bedd-8a2d-4b73-a7d3-3b2cc703bec8_256x256.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><h2>Khi na&#768;o a&#769;p l&#432;&#803;c &#417;&#777; khoa&#777;ng &#8220;da&#768;i h&#417;n&#8221; &#273;em la&#803;i hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; cao h&#417;n (va&#768; khi na&#768;o kh&#244;ng)</h2><p>Cu&#803; th&#234;&#777;, v&#234;&#768; vi&#768; sao trong m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; ti&#768;nh hu&#244;&#769;ng ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p n&#259;&#803;ng h&#417;n khi c&#417; da&#768;i la&#803;i &#273;em la&#803;i hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; t&#244;&#769;t h&#417;n so v&#417;&#769;i nh&#432;&#771;ng ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p n&#259;&#803;ng h&#417;n khi c&#417; ng&#259;&#769;n, trong khi &#417;&#777; m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; ti&#768;nh hu&#244;&#769;ng kha&#769;c la&#803;i <em>kh&#244;ng nh&#432; v&#226;&#803;y</em> (m&#259;&#803;c du&#768; <em>kh&#244;ng</em> ke&#769;m h&#417;n), pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n cu&#777;a nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i &#273;a&#771; co&#769; <strong>ti&#234;&#768;n l&#234;&#803;.</strong> Vi&#769; du&#803;, v&#417;&#769;i chi&#769;nh Vai gi&#432;&#771;a, g&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#226;y &#8220;<em>Larsen va&#768; &#273;&#244;&#768;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p&#8221;</em> &#273;a&#771; pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng t&#432;&#768; ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p Dumbell Lateral Raise (n&#259;&#803;ng nh&#226;&#769;t &#417;&#777; tr&#234;n cu&#768;ng khi vai co ng&#259;&#769;n) so v&#417;&#769;i Cable Lateral Raise (n&#259;&#803;ng nh&#226;&#769;t &#417;&#777; &#273;i&#234;&#777;m d&#432;&#417;&#769;i cu&#768;ng khi vai ke&#769;o da&#768;i).</p><div class="instagram-embed-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;instagram_id&quot;:&quot;DLmu2AEJAYl&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Brad Schoenfeld, PhD on Instagram: \&quot;Contrary to what I&#8217;d expect&#8230;&quot;,&quot;author_name&quot;:&quot;@bradschoenfeldphd&quot;,&quot;thumbnail_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/__ss-rehost__IG-meta-DLmu2AEJAYl.jpg&quot;,&quot;like_count&quot;:null,&quot;comment_count&quot;:null,&quot;profile_pic_url&quot;:null,&quot;follower_count&quot;:null,&quot;timestamp&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true}" data-component-name="InstagramToDOM"></div><p>Tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c &#273;o&#769;, &#8220;<em>Plotkin va&#768; &#273;&#244;&#768;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p&#8221;</em> cu&#771;ng ghi nh&#226;&#803;n k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; M&#244;ng l&#417;&#769;n t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng gi&#432;&#771;a Back Squat (n&#259;&#803;ng nh&#226;&#769;t khi M&#244;ng ke&#769;o gia&#771;n) va&#768; Hip Thrust (n&#259;&#803;ng nh&#226;&#769;t khi M&#244;ng co ng&#259;&#769;n).</p><blockquote><p>Gia&#777;i thi&#769;ch cho &#273;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y, m&#244;&#803;t gia&#777; thuy&#234;&#769;t kha&#777; thi la&#768;, <strong>&#432;u ti&#234;n g&#226;y a&#769;p l&#432;&#803;c l&#234;n tra&#803;ng tha&#769;i ke&#769;o gia&#771;n th&#244;ng qua l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p se&#771; &#273;em la&#803;i l&#417;&#803;i i&#769;ch ro&#771; r&#234;&#803;t h&#417;n &#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i ca&#769;c c&#417; &#273;i qua hai kh&#417;&#769;p (</strong><em><strong>biarticular</strong></em><strong>), trong khi kh&#244;ng &#273;em la&#803;i l&#417;&#803;i i&#769;ch ro&#771; r&#234;&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i ca&#769;c nho&#769;m c&#417; chi&#777; &#273;i qua m&#244;&#803;t kh&#417;&#769;p (</strong><em><strong>monoarticular</strong></em><strong>).</strong></p></blockquote><p>Tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c ti&#234;n, v&#417;&#769;i ca&#769;c c&#417; &#273;i qua 2 kh&#417;&#769;p, nhi&#768;n chung ca&#769;c d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n li&#234;n quan &#273;&#234;&#769;n l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p to&#777; ra u&#777;ng h&#244;&#803; gia&#777; thuy&#234;&#769;t tr&#234;n, i&#769;t nh&#226;&#769;t v&#417;&#769;i ca&#769;c c&#417; &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769;: nh&#432; <strong>c&#417; Th&#7859;ng &#273;&#249;i</strong> (<em>Rectus Femoris,</em> vd: th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n Leg Extension <a href="https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/bang-chung-moi-cho-thay-cach-a-ui?r=2z8vlo&amp;utm_campaign=post&amp;utm_medium=web&amp;showWelcomeOnShare=false">ng&#244;&#768;i th&#259;&#777;ng vs ng&#244;&#768;i nga&#777; ra sau</a>), 3 trong s&#244;&#769; 4 c&#417; &#272;u&#768;i sau (chi&#777; ngoa&#803;i tr&#432;&#768; &#273;&#226;&#768;u ng&#259;&#769;n cu&#777;a c&#417; Nhi&#803; &#273;&#226;&#768;u &#273;u&#768;i khi th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n <a href="https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000002523">Seated Leg Curl vs Lying Leg Curl</a>), <strong>c&#417; Bu&#803;ng ch&#226;n</strong> (<em>Gastrocnemius</em> khi th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n Straight leg vs Bent leg Calf Raise), va&#768; <strong>&#273;&#226;&#768;u da&#768;i cu&#777;a c&#417; Tay sau</strong> (Overhead Triceps Extension &gt; Triceps Pushdown).</p><p>Xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng t&#432;&#417;ng t&#432;&#803; cu&#771;ng co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c quan sa&#769;t &#417;&#777; ca&#769;c c&#417; &#273;i qua 1 kh&#417;&#769;p, m&#259;&#803;c du&#768; co&#769; i&#769;t d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n h&#417;n v&#234;&#768; l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p kha&#769;c nhau v&#234;&#768; khoa&#777;ng ROM &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#432;u ti&#234;n kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c. Nh&#432; v&#432;&#768;a &#273;&#234;&#768; c&#226;&#803;p &#417;&#777; tr&#234;n: chu&#769;ng ta co&#769; d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n v&#234;&#768; hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng &#417;&#777; <strong>Vai gi&#432;&#771;a</strong>, <strong>Vai sau</strong>, <strong>Ng&#432;&#803;c l&#417;&#769;n</strong>, <strong>M&#244;ng</strong>. <em><strong>Tay tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c</strong></em> to&#777; ra la&#768; tr&#432;&#417;&#768;ng h&#417;&#803;p kha&#769;c bi&#234;&#803;t v&#417;&#769;i xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng na&#768;y, khi ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p Preacher Curl &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ghi nh&#226;&#803;n pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n vu&#768;ng xa t&#226;m cu&#777;a Tay tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c - kh&#244;ng chi&#777; bao g&#244;&#768;m c&#417; Nhi&#803; &#273;&#226;&#768;u ca&#769;nh tay (<em>Biceps brachii</em>, &#273;i qua Khuy&#777;u tay + Vai) ma&#768; ca&#777; c&#417; C&#259;&#777;ng tay (<em>Brachialis,</em> chi&#777; &#273;i qua Khuy&#777;u tay) - t&#244;&#769;t h&#417;n so v&#417;&#769;i ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p Incline Curl. &#272;a&#769;ng chu&#769; y&#769; la&#768; nh&#432;&#771;ng nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n phe&#769;p so sa&#769;nh na&#768;y &#273;&#234;&#768;u chi&#777; &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769; &#273;&#244;&#803; da&#768;y c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p theo vu&#768;ng b&#259;&#768;ng si&#234;u &#226;m, vi&#768; v&#226;&#803;y kh&#244;ng ph&#226;n ta&#769;ch cu&#803; th&#234;&#777; t&#432;&#768;ng nho&#769;m c&#417;, n&#234;n chu&#769;ng ta m&#417;&#769;i chi&#777; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; pho&#777;ng &#273;oa&#769;n r&#259;&#768;ng <em>Preacher Curl</em> pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; C&#259;&#777;ng tay t&#244;&#769;t h&#417;n, ch&#432;&#769; ch&#432;a th&#234;&#777; k&#234;&#769;t lu&#226;&#803;n ch&#259;&#769;c ch&#259;&#769;n &#273;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y.</p><blockquote><p>C&#226;u chuy&#234;&#803;n so sa&#769;nh gi&#432;&#771;a <em>Preacher Curl</em> vs <em>Incline Curl</em> cu&#771;ng d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n m&#244;&#803;t khi&#769;a ca&#803;nh d&#234;&#771; bi&#803; bo&#777; qua: ca&#769;ch th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p, cu&#803; th&#234;&#777; la&#768; li&#234;n quan &#273;&#234;&#769;n <strong>&#8220;ke&#769;o gia&#771;n bao nhi&#234;u la&#768; &#273;u&#777;&#8221;</strong>. </p></blockquote><p>M&#244;&#803;t xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng ph&#244;&#777; bi&#234;&#769;n hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i la&#768; s&#432;&#803; suy di&#234;&#771;n tha&#769;i qua&#769;, th&#226;&#803;m chi&#769; th&#226;&#768;n tha&#769;nh ho&#769;a, vai tro&#768; cu&#777;a g&#226;y a&#769;p l&#432;&#803;c l&#234;n c&#417; khi ke&#769;o gia&#771;n, &#273;&#234;&#769;n m&#432;&#769;c kh&#244;ng i&#769;t ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i go&#803;i tra&#768;o l&#432;u na&#768;y kh&#244;ng kha&#769;c gi&#768; m&#244;&#803;t &#8220;gia&#769;o pha&#769;i&#8221; (aka &#8220;<em>stretch cult</em>&#8221;, v&#417;&#769;i ca&#769;c &#273;&#226;&#768;u ta&#768;u nh&#432; Mike Israetel, Milo Wolf hay Jeff Nippard). Tuy nhi&#234;n, ba&#777;n th&#226;n ca&#769;c nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u a&#769;p du&#803;ng cu&#768;ng m&#244;&#803;t ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i bi&#234;n &#273;&#244;&#803; chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng, va&#768; theo &#273;o&#769; &#273;&#244;&#803; &#8216;gia&#771;n&#8217;, kha&#769;c nhau, va&#768; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; kha&#769;c bi&#234;&#803;t. Vi&#769; du&#803;, nh&#432; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c chi&#777; ra b&#417;&#777;i Juan Samudio, ca&#769;c nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u b&#417;&#777;i &#8220;<em><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33009197/">Maeo va&#768; &#273;&#244;&#768;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p</a></em>&#8221; va&#768;o n&#259;m 2023 va&#768; &#8220;<em><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5142/3/2/28">Stasinaki va&#768; &#273;&#244;&#768;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p</a></em>&#8221; va&#768;o n&#259;m 2018 cu&#768;ng so sa&#769;nh ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p <em>Overhead Triceps Extension</em> v&#417;&#769;i <em>Triceps Pushdown</em>, nh&#432;ng &#8220;Maeo&#8221; pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; v&#432;&#417;&#803;t tr&#244;&#803;i h&#417;n cu&#777;a Overhead Extension &#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#226;&#768;u da&#768;i cu&#777;a Tay sau, trong khi &#8220;Stasinaki&#8221; pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n <em>kh&#244;ng</em> co&#769; s&#432;&#803; kha&#769;c bi&#234;&#803;t gi&#768; v&#234;&#768; m&#432;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n.</p><div class="instagram-embed-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;instagram_id&quot;:&quot;DSCeu6WjVWY&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Juan Samudio on Instagram: \&quot;There has been some controversy reg&#8230;&quot;,&quot;author_name&quot;:&quot;@juandsamudio&quot;,&quot;thumbnail_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/__ss-rehost__IG-meta-DSCeu6WjVWY.jpg&quot;,&quot;like_count&quot;:null,&quot;comment_count&quot;:null,&quot;profile_pic_url&quot;:null,&quot;follower_count&quot;:null,&quot;timestamp&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true}" data-component-name="InstagramToDOM"></div><p>M&#244;&#803;t li&#769; do &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#273;&#432;a ra &#273;&#234;&#777; gia&#777;i thi&#769;ch cho s&#432;&#803; kha&#769;c bi&#234;&#803;t na&#768;y la&#768;, ba&#768;i Overhead Extension trong nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u cu&#777;a &#8220;Stasinaki&#8221; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n v&#417;&#769;i bi&#234;n &#273;&#244;&#803; g&#226;&#803;p Khuy&#777;u tay s&#226;u h&#417;n (30 - 110&#8304; vs 90 - 180&#8304;, v&#417;&#769;i 180&#8304; la&#768; du&#244;&#771;i hoa&#768;n toa&#768;n), d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n m&#432;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; ke&#769;o gia&#771;n s&#226;u h&#417;n v&#417;&#769;i &#273;&#226;&#768;u da&#768;i Tay sau, va&#768; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng &#273;&#234;&#769;n pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p. No&#769;i ca&#769;ch kha&#769;c, theo ca&#769;ch nhi&#768;n na&#768;y, vi&#234;&#803;c ke&#769;o gia&#771;n chi&#777; &#273;em la&#803;i th&#234;m l&#417;&#803;i i&#769;ch &#273;&#234;&#769;n m&#244;&#803;t &#273;i&#234;&#777;m nh&#226;&#769;t &#273;i&#803;nh hay trong m&#244;&#803;t khoa&#777;ng ROM nh&#226;&#769;t &#273;i&#803;nh (&#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c Juan Samudio go&#803;i la&#768; &#8220;<em>optimal partials</em>&#8221;), va&#768; ke&#769;o gia&#771;n v&#432;&#417;&#803;t &#273;i&#234;&#777;m na&#768;y se&#771; kh&#244;ng &#273;em la&#803;i th&#234;m l&#417;&#803;i i&#769;ch hay th&#226;&#803;m chi&#769; v&#244; hi&#234;&#803;u ho&#769;a l&#417;&#803;i i&#769;ch cu&#777;a vi&#234;&#803;c ke&#769;o gia&#771;n.</p><p>Nhi&#768;n r&#244;&#803;ng h&#417;n, gia&#777; thuy&#234;&#769;t na&#768;y to&#777; ra &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c u&#777;ng h&#244;&#803; b&#417;&#777;i m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n. M&#244;&#803;t vi&#769; du&#803; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c li&#234;n h&#234;&#803; la&#768; a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng cu&#777;a bi&#234;n &#273;&#244;&#803; g&#226;&#803;p kh&#417;&#769;p G&#244;&#769;i &#273;&#234;&#769;n pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n ca&#769;c c&#417; R&#244;&#803;ng &#273;u&#768;i (&#272;u&#768;i tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c), khi co&#769; i&#769;t nh&#226;&#769;t 2 nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u ghi nh&#226;&#803;n Squat (<em><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31230110/">Kubo va&#768; &#273;&#244;&#768;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p</a></em>) va&#768; Leg Press (<em><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40113586/">Larsen va&#768; &#273;&#244;&#768;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p</a></em>) v&#417;&#769;i bi&#234;n &#273;&#244;&#803; g&#226;&#803;p g&#244;&#769;i (l&#226;&#768;n l&#432;&#417;&#803;t) &#417;&#777; 90&#8304; va&#768; 100&#8304; d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n ca&#769;c c&#417; R&#244;&#803;ng &#273;u&#768;i pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng v&#417;&#769;i khi th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n Full ROM (&#272;u&#768;i cha&#803;m B&#259;&#769;p chu&#244;&#769;i khi Squat hay &#272;u&#768;i cha&#803;m bu&#803;ng khi Leg Press). Tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m th&#7921;c t&#7871; m&#236;nh c&#361;ng c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#7891;ng t&#236;nh ph&#7847;n n&#224;o. V&#237; d&#7909; nh&#432; &#7903; b&#224;i Bayesian Curl (Biceps Curl v&#7899;i c&#225;p k&#233;o t&#7915; ph&#237;a sau th&#226;n) hay Incline Biceps Curl, khi c&#225;nh tay &#273;&#432;a v&#7873; ph&#237;a sau th&#226;n (hay c&#242;n g&#7885;i l&#224; chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng Du&#7895;i vai/c&#225;nh tay) qu&#225; m&#7897;t m&#7913;c nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7883;nh m&#236;nh kh&#244;ng th&#7845;y Tay tr&#432;&#7899;c k&#233;o gi&#227;n h&#417;n, m&#224; c&#7843;m th&#7845;y gi&#227;n th&#234;m &#7903; Ng&#7921;c.</p><blockquote><p>&#128173;N&#234;n m&#236;nh ngh&#297;, <strong>&#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; nho&#769;m c&#417;, k&#233;o gi&#227;n qu&#225; m&#7897;t bi&#234;n &#273;&#7897; cu&#803; th&#234;&#777;, nho&#769;m c&#417; mu&#803;c ti&#234;u s&#7869; m&#7845;t kh&#7843; n&#259;ng ch&#7911; &#273;&#7897;ng s&#7843;n sinh l&#7921;c khi &#417;&#777; &#273;&#244;&#803; da&#768;i l&#417;&#769;n, v&#224; &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i c&#225;c c&#417; l&#226;n c&#7853;n &#273;&#243;ng g&#243;p v&#224;o</strong>. </p></blockquote><p>&#272;a&#769;ng chu&#769; y&#769;, li&#234;n quan &#273;&#234;&#769;n a&#769;p l&#432;&#803;c c&#417; ho&#803;c - ta&#769;c nh&#226;n chi&#769;nh thu&#769;c &#273;&#226;&#777;y c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n - k&#237;ch th&#237;ch t&#259;ng c&#417; t&#7915; k&#233;o gi&#227;n kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; s&#7921; chuy&#7875;n h&#243;a t&#237;n hi&#7879;u th&#7909; c&#7843;m c&#417; h&#7885;c th&#224;nh sinh h&#243;a &#7903; c&#7845;u tr&#250;c co r&#250;t (ch&#7911; &#273;&#7897;ng sinh l&#7921;c) c&#7911;a c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p m&#224; c&#242;n di&#7877;n ra &#7903; c&#225;c c&#7845;u tr&#250;c thu&#803; &#273;&#7897;ng kh&#225;c. Vi&#768; th&#234;&#769;, k&#234;&#777; ca&#777; khi nho&#769;m c&#417; mu&#803;c ti&#234;u mu&#244;&#769;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c c&#244; l&#226;&#803;p kh&#244;ng &#273;u&#777; kha&#777; n&#259;ng t&#432;&#803; no&#769; ta&#803;o ra &#273;u&#777; l&#432;&#803;c &#273;&#234;&#777; th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng &#417;&#777; tra&#803;ng tha&#769;i ke&#769;o gia&#771;n va&#768; c&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n s&#432;&#803; tham gia cu&#777;a ca&#769;c nho&#769;m c&#417; &#273;&#244;&#768;ng v&#226;&#803;n l&#226;n c&#226;&#803;n, mi&#768;nh nghi&#771; trong da&#768;i ha&#803;n s&#432;&#803; ti&#234;&#769;p xu&#769;c thu&#803; &#273;&#244;&#803;ng v&#417;&#769;i a&#769;p l&#432;&#803;c v&#226;&#771;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;o&#769;ng go&#769;p ph&#226;&#768;n na&#768;o &#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p. T&#226;&#769;t nhi&#234;n, &#273;&#226;y ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t <em>gi&#7843; thuy&#7871;t</em> va&#768; <em>pho&#777;ng &#273;oa&#769;n</em>.</p><h2>A&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng cu&#777;a ca&#769;c y&#234;&#769;u t&#244;&#769; kha&#769;c</h2><p>B&#234;n ca&#803;nh &#273;&#259;&#803;c &#273;i&#234;&#777;m sinh-c&#417; ho&#803;c cu&#777;a c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p, m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; y&#234;&#769;u t&#244;&#769; sau co&#769; th&#234;&#777; a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng &#273;&#234;&#769;n hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; cu&#777;a ca&#769;c ph&#432;&#417;ng a&#769;n t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n &#417;&#777; &#273;&#244;&#803; da&#768;i c&#417; l&#417;&#769;n</p><h3>Volume</h3><blockquote><p>Theo Kassem, <strong>&#432;u ti&#234;n g&#226;y a&#769;p l&#432;&#803;c khi c&#417; da&#768;i co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;em la&#803;i hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; ro&#771; r&#234;&#803;t h&#417;n &#417;&#777; m&#432;&#769;c Volume th&#226;&#769;p, nh&#432;ng se&#771; d&#226;&#768;n m&#226;&#769;t &#273;i &#432;u th&#234;&#769; khi Volume cao h&#417;n</strong>. </p></blockquote><p>Quan &#273;i&#234;&#777;m na&#768;y d&#432;&#803;a tr&#234;n 2 quan sa&#769;t cu&#777;a &#244;ng xoay quanh kha&#769;i ni&#234;&#803;m &#8220;th&#226;&#769;t ba&#803;i&#8221;: 1) kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c &#417;&#777; &#273;oa&#803;n c&#417; co ng&#259;&#769;n &#273;em la&#803;i &#273;i&#234;&#777;m ma&#768; th&#226;&#769;t ba&#803;i xa&#777;y ra trong khoa&#777;ng ROM cu&#777;a ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p s&#417;&#769;m h&#417;n so kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c &#417;&#777; &#273;oa&#803;n c&#417; da&#768;i, va&#768; 2) suy lu&#226;&#803;n t&#432;&#768; ca&#769;c nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u so sa&#769;nh t&#226;&#803;p &#273;&#234;&#769;n th&#226;&#769;t ba&#803;i (Failure) so v&#417;&#769;i t&#226;&#803;p ca&#769;ch ng&#432;&#417;&#771;ng th&#226;&#769;t ba&#768;i 1-3 Rep (RIR), m&#244;&#803;t xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c quan sa&#769;t la&#768;, kha&#769;c bi&#234;&#803;t v&#234;&#768; hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; t&#259;ng c&#417; co&#769; xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng bi&#803; san b&#259;&#768;ng v&#417;&#769;i Volume t&#259;ng cao h&#417;n (theo quan sa&#769;t cu&#777;a Kassem ng&#432;&#417;&#771;ng na&#768;y &#417;&#777; khoa&#777;ng 4 Sets cho m&#244;&#803;t ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p cu&#803; th&#234;&#777;). Ca&#769; nh&#226;n mi&#768;nh kh&#244;ng ch&#259;&#769;c l&#259;&#769;m v&#234;&#768; &#273;i&#234;&#777;m 1, c&#417; ma&#768; mi&#768;nh cu&#771;ng ch&#432;a t&#432;&#768;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ti&#234;&#769;p xu&#769;c v&#417;&#769;i ki&#234;&#777;u ma&#769;y t&#226;&#803;p &#273;i&#234;&#768;u chi&#777;nh &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c Cam kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c v&#417;&#769;i cu&#768;ng m&#244;&#803;t m&#432;&#769;c ta&#803;. Co&#769; le&#771; d&#234;&#771; hi&#768;nh dung nh&#226;&#769;t la&#768; so sa&#769;nh Db Lateral Raise va&#768; Cb Lateral Raise, nh&#432;ng vi&#769; du&#803; na&#768;y cu&#771;ng kh&#244;ng hoa&#768;n ha&#777;o, b&#417;&#777;i vi&#768; kha&#769;c bi&#234;&#803;t gi&#432;&#771;a ki&#771; thu&#226;&#803;t th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n hai ba&#768;i na&#768;y.</p><blockquote><p>M&#259;&#803;t kha&#769;c, cu&#771;ng li&#234;n quan &#273;&#234;&#769;n &#8220;th&#226;&#769;t ba&#803;i&#8221;, xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c cu&#777;a ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p cu&#771;ng co&#769; th&#234;&#777; chi&#803;u a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng b&#417;&#777;i m&#432;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; n&#244;&#771; l&#432;&#803;c hay <strong>c&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#244;&#803; t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n</strong> cu&#777;a ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p. </p></blockquote><p>Cu&#803; th&#234;&#777; la&#768; t&#226;&#803;p &#273;&#234;&#769;n th&#226;&#769;t ba&#803;i &#8220;<em>Full ROM</em>&#8221; (&#273;&#234;&#769;n khi kh&#244;ng th&#234;&#777; hoa&#768;n tha&#768;nh h&#234;&#769;t ROM cu&#777;a ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p), hay t&#226;&#803;p &#273;&#234;&#769;n th&#226;&#769;t ba&#803;i <em>hoa&#768;n toa&#768;n</em> (&#273;&#234;&#769;n khi kh&#244;ng th&#234;&#777; nh&#226;&#769;c &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ta&#803; th&#234;m 1 ly). V&#417;&#769;i ki&#234;&#777;u th&#226;&#769;t ba&#803;i th&#432;&#769; hai, nhi&#234;&#768;u ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p se&#771; tr&#417;&#777; n&#234;n n&#259;&#803;ng h&#417;n &#417;&#777; &#273;&#244;&#803; da&#768;i c&#417; l&#417;&#769;n h&#417;n khi ca&#768;ng v&#234;&#768; cu&#244;&#769;i Set, b&#417;&#777;i vi&#768; &#273;a&#803;t th&#226;&#769;t ba&#803;i tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c &#273;o&#769; &#417;&#777; khoa&#777;ng ROM c&#417; ng&#259;&#769;n nga&#768;y ca&#768;ng ru&#769;t ng&#259;&#769;n khoa&#777;ng ROM ma&#768; ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p co&#769; th&#234;&#777; hoa&#768;n tha&#768;nh, khi&#234;&#769;n ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p nga&#768;y ca&#768;ng tr&#417;&#777; n&#234;n n&#259;&#803;ng h&#417;n &#417;&#777; &#273;&#226;&#768;u chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng. &#272;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y &#273;a&#771; co&#769; m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n u&#777;ng h&#244;&#803;. M&#244;&#803;t nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u g&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#226;y b&#417;&#777;i &#8220;Larsen va&#768; &#273;&#244;&#768;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p&#8221; &#273;a&#771; ghi nh&#226;&#803;n th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n Standing Calf Raise v&#432;&#417;&#803;t ng&#432;&#417;&#771;ng th&#226;&#769;t ba&#803;i Full ROM (t&#432;&#769;c ti&#234;&#769;p tu&#803;c th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n ca&#769;c Reps &#8216;nh&#226;&#769;p&#8217; &#417;&#777; khoa&#777;ng ROM c&#417; da&#768;i cho &#273;&#234;&#769;n khi kh&#244;ng th&#234;&#777; di chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ta&#803;) d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n B&#259;&#769;p chu&#244;&#769;i l&#417;&#769;n h&#417;n so v&#417;&#769;i th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n th&#226;&#769;t ba&#803;i Full ROM.</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;60ff5be5-44ad-4d73-acbe-ee6e7c5f3617&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;V&#7873; &#8220;ng&#432;&#7905;ng th&#7845;t b&#7841;i&#8221; v&#224; &#8220;kho&#7843;ng ROM t&#7889;i &#432;u&#8221; trong t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n &#273;&#7875; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n c&#417; b&#7855;p, tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#243; T3 &#273;&#227; c&#243; m&#7897;t s&#7889; b&#224;i vi&#7871;t th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n kh&#225; nhi&#7873;u kh&#237;a c&#7841;nh xoay quanh hai ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; n&#224;y. Cho &#273;&#7871;n hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i, ch&#250;ng ta bi&#7871;t m&#7897;t s&#7889; &#273;i&#7873;u sau:&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&#272;&#7875; t&#259;ng c&#417;, t&#7853;p &#273;&#7871;n &#8220;th&#7845;t b&#7841;i&#8221; l&#224; ch&#432;a &#273;&#7911;?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:180133116,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;The Thinking Trainer&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Trang th&#244;ng tin, b&#224;i vi&#7871;t chuy&#234;n m&#244;n c&#7911;a The Thinking Trainer&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f878e649-bd67-4fac-9d1c-04cb3d98c0be_940x788.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2024-07-22T03:22:04.812Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Nj_1!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff7de5228-bdff-4552-8ce4-f6152f546629_1920x1080.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/e-tang-co-tap-en-that-bai-la-chua&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;\&quot;Chuy&#234;n Gia\&quot; Th&#7871; Gi&#7899;i N&#243;i G&#236;?&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:146866087,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:2,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2081899,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;THE THINKING TRAINER&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JeF3!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0a5bedd-8a2d-4b73-a7d3-3b2cc703bec8_256x256.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><p>T&#226;&#769;t nhi&#234;n, t&#226;&#803;p ki&#234;&#777;u na&#768;y kh&#244;ng h&#234;&#768; d&#234;&#771; chi&#803;u chu&#769;t na&#768;o, pha&#777;n a&#769;nh b&#417;&#777;i pha&#777;n h&#244;&#768;i cu&#777;a nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i tham gia nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u tr&#234;n. Y&#234;&#769;u t&#244;&#769; t&#226;m ly&#769; na&#768;y co&#769; k&#234;&#769;t n&#244;&#769;i tr&#432;&#803;c ti&#234;&#769;p t&#417;&#769;i &#273;i&#234;&#777;m ti&#234;&#769;p theo.</p><h3>Tri&#768;nh &#273;&#244;&#803; ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p</h3><blockquote><p><strong>Ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p &#417;&#777; </strong><em><strong>tri&#768;nh &#273;&#244;&#803; th&#226;&#769;p h&#417;n</strong></em><strong> co&#769; th&#234;&#777; kh&#244;ng khai tha&#769;c &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; cu&#777;a ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p co&#769; kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c n&#259;&#803;ng h&#417;n khi c&#417; da&#768;i</strong>. </p></blockquote><p>Kassem cho r&#259;&#768;ng, trong khi ta&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803;ng l&#234;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p &#417;&#777; &#273;&#244;&#803; da&#768;i c&#417; l&#417;&#769;n h&#226;&#768;u nh&#432; kh&#244;ng &#273;o&#768;i ho&#777;i y&#234;&#769;u t&#244;&#769; ki&#771; n&#259;ng (chi&#777; c&#226;&#768;n s&#259;&#769;p x&#234;&#769;p la&#803;i vi&#803; tri&#769; cu&#777;a kh&#417;&#769;p sao cho phu&#768; h&#417;&#803;p ho&#259;&#803;c gi&#417;&#769;i ha&#803;n khoa&#777;ng ROM), ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c n&#259;&#803;ng nh&#226;&#769;t &#417;&#777; &#273;i&#234;&#777;m &#273;&#226;&#768;u (khi c&#417; da&#768;i) co&#769; th&#234;&#777; se&#771; &#273;o&#768;i ho&#777;i ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p tra&#777;i qua m&#244;&#803;t giai &#273;oa&#803;n thi&#769;ch nghi th&#226;&#768;n kinh ban &#273;&#226;&#768;u. Trong khi &#273;o&#769;, vi&#768; co&#769; kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c t&#259;ng d&#226;&#768;n theo khoa&#777;ng ROM va&#768; n&#259;&#803;ng nh&#226;&#769;t &#417;&#777; &#273;i&#234;&#777;m cu&#244;&#769;i, k&#234;&#769;t thu&#769;c b&#259;&#768;ng &#273;&#244;&#803;ng ta&#769;c &#8220;si&#234;&#769;t c&#417;&#8221; hay co ng&#259;&#769;n c&#417;, ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p co&#769; kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c n&#259;&#803;ng nh&#226;&#769;t khi c&#417; ng&#259;&#769;n cho phe&#769;p ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p ca&#777;m nh&#226;&#803;n ch&#432;&#769;c n&#259;ng c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p t&#244;&#769;t h&#417;n, va&#768; ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n ki&#771; n&#259;ng v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng. Gi&#244;&#769;ng nh&#432; khi chi&#777; t&#226;&#803;p trung va&#768;o khoa&#777;ng ROM co ng&#259;&#769;n c&#417;, nh&#432;&#771;ng ba&#768;i &#226;&#803;p na&#768;y cho phe&#769;p ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p &#8220;ca&#777;m nh&#226;&#803;n c&#417;&#8221; t&#244;&#769;t h&#417;n (<em>mind-muscle connection</em>). &#272;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y li&#769; gia&#777;i m&#244;&#803;t quan sa&#769;t cu&#777;a Jeremy Ethier trong nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i la&#768;, khi &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ho&#777;i b&#234;n na&#768;o se&#771; t&#259;ng c&#417; nhi&#234;&#768;u h&#417;n, nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i tham gia &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ho&#777;i nghi&#771; r&#259;&#768;ng ho&#803; se&#771; pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n t&#244;&#769;t h&#417;n &#417;&#777; b&#234;n t&#226;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c n&#259;&#803;ng nh&#226;&#769;t khi co ng&#259;&#769;n. Vi&#768; v&#226;&#803;y, co&#769; th&#234;&#777; nh&#432;&#771;ng l&#417;&#803;i i&#769;ch gia&#769;n ti&#234;&#769;p li&#234;n quan &#273;&#234;&#769;n s&#432;&#803; &#273;o&#768;i ho&#777;i th&#226;&#769;p h&#417;n v&#234;&#768; ki&#771; n&#259;ng v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng ma&#768; nh&#432;&#771;ng ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p thi&#234;n vi&#803; khoa&#777;ng ROM c&#417; ng&#259;&#769;n &#273;em la&#803;i co&#769; th&#234;&#777; che l&#226;&#769;p nh&#432;&#771;ng &#432;u th&#234;&#769; v&#234;&#768; sinh ly&#769; ti&#234;&#768;m ta&#768;ng cu&#777;a nh&#432;&#771;ng ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p thi&#234;n vi&#803; khoa&#777;ng ROM c&#417; da&#768;i.</p><blockquote><p>B&#234;n ca&#803;nh &#273;o&#769;, li&#234;n h&#234;&#803; v&#417;&#769;i &#273;i&#234;&#777;m &#417;&#777; tr&#234;n v&#234;&#768; &#8220;c&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#244;&#803;&#8221;, <strong>ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i ch&#432;a t&#432;&#768;ng t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n ho&#259;&#803;c co&#769; tri&#768;nh &#273;&#244;&#803; t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; se&#771; kho&#769; &#273;a&#803;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c g&#226;&#768;n h&#417;n v&#417;&#769;i ng&#432;&#417;&#771;ng th&#226;&#769;t ba&#803;i th&#226;&#803;t s&#432;&#803; trong m&#244;&#803;t Set</strong>. </p></blockquote><p>Nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i na&#768;y ch&#432;a hi&#768;nh tha&#768;nh &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ki&#771; n&#259;ng ki&#234;&#777;m soa&#769;t chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng trong tra&#803;ng tha&#769;i m&#234;&#803;t mo&#777;i, vi&#768; v&#226;&#803;y co&#769; th&#234;&#777; se&#771; d&#432;&#768;ng Set t&#226;&#803;p s&#417;&#769;m vi&#768; ca&#777;m gia&#769;c kho&#769; chi&#803;u thay vi&#768; c&#244;&#769; g&#259;&#769;ng &#8220;grind&#8221; m&#244;&#803;t va&#768;i Reps cu&#244;&#769;i (&#417;&#777; m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p se&#771; n&#259;&#803;ng nh&#226;&#769;t khi c&#417; da&#768;i). T&#226;&#769;t nhi&#234;n ha&#803;n ch&#234;&#769; na&#768;y co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c kh&#259;&#769;c phu&#803;c b&#259;&#768;ng vi&#234;&#803;c t&#226;&#803;p nhi&#234;&#768;u Set h&#417;n (trung ho&#768;a a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng cu&#777;a n&#244;&#771; l&#432;&#803;c hay khoa&#777;ng ROM &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#432;u ti&#234;n kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c).</p><p>Kha&#777; n&#259;ng la&#768;, tra&#777;i qua ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; trong t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n theo th&#417;&#768;i gian, kha&#777; n&#259;ng la&#768;, co&#769; th&#234;&#777; ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p se&#771; thu &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c nhi&#234;&#768;u l&#417;&#803;i i&#769;ch h&#417;n t&#432;&#768; ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p n&#259;&#803;ng nh&#226;&#769;t &#417;&#777; &#273;i&#234;&#777;m &#273;&#226;&#768;u khi c&#417; ke&#769;o gia&#771;n. Tuy nhi&#234;n, &#273;i&#234;&#768;u m&#417;&#769;i chi&#777; la&#768; <em>pho&#777;ng &#273;oa&#769;n</em> va&#768; se&#771; c&#226;&#768;n xa&#769;c minh trong nh&#432;&#771;ng nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u sau &#273;o&#769;.</p><h2>Nh&#432;&#771;ng c&#226;u ho&#777;i ch&#432;a tra&#777; l&#417;&#768;i</h2><p>Vi&#768; chi&#777; t&#226;&#803;p trung &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769; a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng cu&#777;a l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i &#432;u ti&#234;n kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c kha&#769;c nhau (&#417;&#777; &#273;i&#234;&#777;m &#273;&#226;&#768;u khi c&#417; ke&#769;o da&#768;i vs &#417;&#777; &#273;i&#234;&#777;m cu&#244;&#769;i khi c&#417; co ng&#259;&#769;n) &#273;&#234;&#769;n 3 nho&#769;m c&#417; Vai gi&#432;&#771;a, Vai sau va&#768; M&#244;ng l&#417;&#769;n tr&#234;n nh&#432;&#771;ng ca&#769; nh&#226;n ch&#432;a t&#432;&#768;ng t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n, nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i co&#768;n &#273;&#234;&#777; ngo&#777; kha&#769; nhi&#234;&#768;u c&#226;u ho&#777;i c&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c gia&#777;i &#273;a&#769;p:</p><p><strong>&#10067;Li&#234;&#803;u nh&#432;&#771;ng pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n na&#768;y co&#769; &#273;u&#769;ng v&#417;&#769;i nh&#432;&#771;ng nho&#769;m c&#417; kha&#769;c?</strong> No&#769;i ca&#769;ch kha&#769;c, cu&#768;ng m&#244;&#803;t ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p nh&#432;ng v&#417;&#769;i thi&#234;&#769;t l&#226;&#803;p &#432;u ti&#234;n kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c kha&#769;c nhau se&#771; a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng nh&#432; th&#234;&#769; na&#768;o &#273;&#234;&#769;n pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p? Vi&#769; du&#803;: cu&#768;ng la&#768; Seated Leg Curl (&#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ghi nh&#226;&#803;n pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n &#272;u&#768;i sau t&#244;&#769;t h&#417;n so v&#417;&#769;i Lying Leg Curl) nh&#432;ng gi&#432;&#771;a kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c &#432;u ti&#234;n &#273;i&#234;&#777;m &#273;&#226;&#768;u va&#768; &#432;u ti&#234;n &#273;i&#234;&#777;m cu&#244;&#769;i, &#272;u&#768;i sau se&#771; pha&#777;n &#432;&#769;ng nh&#432; th&#234;&#769; na&#768;o?</p><p><strong>&#10067;Chi&#777; lengthened partial vs. Full ROM?</strong> Nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i &#273;&#234;&#768;u y&#234;u c&#226;&#768;u nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i tham gia th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n t&#226;&#769;t ca&#777; ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i Full ROM. V&#226;&#803;y k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; se&#771; nh&#432; th&#234;&#769; na&#768;o n&#234;&#769;u nh&#432; m&#244;&#803;t b&#234;n th&#226;n th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n Full ROM, va&#768; b&#234;n co&#768;n la&#803;i th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n Lengthened Partial (nh&#226;&#769;p &#417;&#777; khoa&#777;ng ROM c&#417; da&#768;i)? Va&#768; se&#771; ra sao n&#234;&#769;u ti&#769;nh &#273;&#234;&#769;n ca&#777; &#273;i&#234;&#777;m &#432;u ti&#234;n kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c?</p><p><strong>&#10067;Ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p tri&#768;nh &#273;&#244;&#803; cao h&#417;n?</strong> Li&#234;&#803;u nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p co&#769; tri&#768;nh &#273;&#244;&#803; cao h&#417;n se&#771; thu &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; t&#244;&#769;t h&#417;n t&#432;&#768; kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c &#432;u ti&#234;n &#417;&#777; &#273;i&#234;&#777;m &#273;&#226;&#768;u, hay v&#226;&#771;n kh&#244;ng co&#769; s&#432;&#803; kha&#769;c bi&#234;&#803;t na&#768;o?</p><h1>&#272;I&#7872;U R&#218;T RA &#272;&#431;&#7906;C CHO TH&#7920;C TI&#7876;N</h1><p>T&#432;&#768; ph&#226;&#768;n tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n tr&#234;n, chu&#769;ng ta co&#769; th&#234;&#777; ru&#769;t ra &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u sau:</p><ul><li><p>Cu&#803; th&#234;&#777; v&#417;&#769;i Vai gi&#432;&#771;a, M&#244;ng, va&#768; Vai sau, va&#768; <em>co&#769; th&#234;&#777;</em> r&#244;&#803;ng h&#417;n la&#768; ca&#769;c c&#417; chi&#777; &#273;i qua m&#244;&#803;t kh&#417;&#769;p, vi&#234;&#803;c l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p co&#769; kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c &#432;u ti&#234;n &#417;&#777; khoa&#777;ng ROM ke&#769;o gia&#771;n c&#417; &#273;em la&#803;i ki&#769;ch thi&#769;ch pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng v&#417;&#769;i ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p &#432;u ti&#234;n kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c &#417;&#777; khoa&#777;ng ROM co ng&#259;&#769;n c&#417;.</p></li><li><p>Vi&#234;&#803;c l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p co&#769; kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c &#432;u ti&#234;n khoa&#777;ng ROM ke&#769;o gia&#771;n c&#417; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; se&#771; &#273;em la&#803;i nhi&#234;&#768;u l&#417;&#803;i i&#769;ch h&#417;n khi t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n v&#417;&#769;i Volume th&#226;&#769;p (vd: &lt; 4 Sets) va&#768;/ho&#259;&#803;c &#417;&#777; nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p co&#769; tri&#768;nh &#273;&#244;&#803; cao h&#417;n</p></li></ul><p>B&#234;n ca&#803;nh &#273;o&#769;, chu&#769;ng ta v&#226;&#771;n c&#226;&#768;n lu&#768;i la&#803;i va&#768;i b&#432;&#417;&#769;c va&#768; nhi&#768;n va&#768;o b&#432;&#769;c tranh toa&#768;n ca&#777;nh:</p><ul><li><p>&#272;&#226;y chi&#777; la&#768; <em>m&#244;&#803;t</em> nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u &#273;o&#769;ng go&#769;p th&#234;m va&#768;o cu&#244;&#803;c tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n (va&#768; tranh lu&#226;&#803;n) xoay quanh t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n t&#226;&#803;p trung va&#768;o &#273;&#244;&#803; da&#768;i c&#417; l&#417;&#769;n, th&#244;ng qua l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p hay chi ph&#244;&#769;i khoa&#777;ng ROM t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n.</p></li><li><p>Xe&#769;t t&#244;&#777;ng th&#234;&#777;, hi&#234;&#803;u &#432;&#769;ng ma&#768; ca&#769;c ph&#432;&#417;ng a&#769;n t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n &#417;&#777; &#273;&#244;&#803; da&#768;i c&#417; l&#417;&#769;n &#273;em la&#803;i chi&#777; &#417;&#777; m&#432;&#769;c <strong>nho&#777; (</strong><em><strong>small</strong></em><strong>) &#273;&#234;&#769;n kh&#244;ng ro&#771; r&#234;&#803;t (</strong><em><strong>trivial</strong></em><strong>)</strong>. No&#769;i ca&#769;ch kha&#769;c, trong khi se&#771; kh&#244;ng ke&#769;m h&#417;n so v&#417;&#769;i t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n Full ROM truy&#234;&#768;n th&#244;&#769;ng, nh&#432;&#771;ng l&#417;&#803;i i&#769;ch b&#244;&#777; sung (n&#234;&#769;u co&#769;) cu&#777;a nh&#432;&#771;ng ph&#432;&#417;ng a&#769;n na&#768;y th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng se&#771; r&#226;&#769;t nho&#777;, g&#226;&#768;n nh&#432; kh&#244;ng th&#234;&#777; nh&#226;&#803;n bi&#234;&#769;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c, sau m&#244;&#803;t giai &#273;oa&#803;n t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n th&#244;ng du&#803;ng (8-12 tu&#226;&#768;n).</p></li></ul><p>R&#244;&#769;t cu&#803;c, v&#417;&#769;i &#273;a&#803;i &#273;a s&#244;&#769; ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p ph&#244;&#777; th&#244;ng, va&#768; co&#769; le&#771; la&#768; v&#417;&#769;i t&#226;&#769;t ca&#777; nh&#432;&#771;ng ai m&#417;&#769;i b&#259;&#769;t &#273;&#226;&#768;u t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n, vi&#234;&#803;c l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c &#432;u ti&#234;n khoa&#777;ng ROM ke&#769;o gia&#771;n c&#417; kh&#244;ng pha&#777;i la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t &#273;i&#234;&#768;u quan tro&#803;ng. Th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n b&#226;&#769;t c&#432;&#769; ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p na&#768;o ta&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803;ng va&#768;o nho&#769;m c&#417; mong mu&#244;&#769;n - k&#234;&#777; ca&#777; n&#234;&#769;u no&#769; n&#259;&#803;ng h&#417;n &#417;&#777; khoa&#777;ng ROM co ng&#259;&#769;n c&#417; - ma&#768; ba&#803;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng xuy&#234;n va&#768; &#273;&#234;&#768;u &#273;&#259;&#803;n, v&#417;&#769;i ki&#771; thu&#226;&#803;t hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777;, trong toa&#768;n b&#244;&#803; bi&#234;n &#273;&#244;&#803; chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng (Full ROM), v&#417;&#769;i n&#244;&#771; l&#432;&#803;c cao (g&#226;&#768;n ho&#259;&#803;c &#273;&#234;&#769;n ng&#432;&#417;&#771;ng th&#226;&#769;t ba&#803;i), va&#768; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; &#273;&#234;&#768;u &#273;&#259;&#803;n v&#226;&#771;n la&#768; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u ba&#803;n n&#234;n t&#226;&#803;p trung va&#768;o tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c ti&#234;n. Ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p co&#769; kha&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;c &#432;u ti&#234;n khoa&#777;ng ROM ke&#769;o gia&#771;n, hay r&#244;&#803;ng h&#417;n la&#768; ca&#769;c ph&#432;&#417;ng a&#769;n t&#226;&#803;p trung va&#768;o khoa&#777;ng ROM ke&#769;o gia&#771;n nh&#432; setup ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p &#273;&#234;&#777; ke&#769;o gia&#771;n t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a m&#244;&#803;t nho&#769;m c&#417;, hay chi&#777; t&#226;&#803;p &#417;&#777; khoa&#777;ng ROM ke&#769;o gia&#771;n (Lengthened Partial), co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;em la&#803;i th&#234;m l&#417;&#803;i i&#769;ch va&#768; m&#417;&#777; kho&#769;a th&#234;m ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; n&#234;&#769;u ba&#803;n ch&#432;a t&#432;&#768;ng ti&#234;&#769;p xu&#769;c v&#417;&#769;i chu&#769;ng. Tuy nhi&#234;n nh&#432;&#771;ng l&#417;&#803;i i&#769;ch na&#768;y <em>kha&#769; nho&#777;</em> va&#768; <em>kho&#769;</em> nh&#226;&#803;n bi&#234;&#769;t trong ng&#259;&#769;n ha&#803;n, kh&#244;ng pha&#777;i la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t &#8220;l&#244;&#769;i t&#259;&#769;t&#8221; hay gia&#777;i pha&#769;p th&#226;&#768;n ki&#768; cho pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n c&#417; b&#259;&#769;p, va&#768; kh&#244;ng nghi&#234;&#771;m nhi&#234;n bi&#234;&#769;n nh&#432;&#771;ng ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p truy&#234;&#768;n th&#244;&#769;ng tr&#417;&#777; n&#234;n v&#244; i&#769;ch hay l&#244;&#771;i th&#417;&#768;i. Th&#226;&#803;m chi&#769; hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; ma&#768; chu&#769;ng h&#432;&#769;a he&#803;n mang la&#803;i co&#769; th&#234;&#777; bi&#803; kho&#777;a l&#226;&#769;p b&#417;&#777;i nh&#432;&#771;ng y&#234;&#769;u t&#244;&#769; kha&#769;c nh&#432; <em>Volume</em> t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n hay <em>n&#244;&#771; l&#432;&#803;c</em> t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n.</p><div class="pullquote"><p>R&#244;&#769;t cu&#803;c, trong khi thu&#769; vi&#803; va&#768; ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n hi&#234;&#777;u bi&#234;&#769;t cu&#777;a chu&#769;ng ta, nh&#432;&#771;ng nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u m&#417;&#769;i nh&#432; nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i nhi&#768;n chung se&#771; kh&#244;ng thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i &#273;a&#769;ng k&#234;&#777; ca&#769;ch chu&#769;ng ta t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n. T&#226;&#803;p &#273;u&#769;ng ch&#244;&#771;, &#273;u&#777; n&#259;&#803;ng, &#273;u&#777; nhi&#234;&#768;u, trong th&#417;&#768;i gian &#273;u&#777; da&#768;i, ti&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#803; se&#771; l&#244;&#803; di&#234;&#803;n, va&#768; chu&#769;ng ta co&#769; r&#226;&#769;t nhi&#234;&#768;u l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n v&#234;&#768; ph&#432;&#417;ng a&#769;n va&#768; ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p &#273;&#234;&#777; &#273;a&#803;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#273;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y.</p></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Bột Protein chứa Chì: lo ngại thực hay đưa tin giật gân?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Nh&#432; th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng l&#234;&#803; &#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i nh&#432;&#771;ng chu&#777; &#273;&#234;&#768; "no&#769;ng" v&#234;&#768; s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e va&#768; dinh d&#432;&#417;&#771;ng, v&#226;&#769;n &#273;&#234;&#768; th&#432;&#803;c th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng n&#259;&#768;m &#417;&#777; phi&#769;a sau ti&#234;u &#273;&#234;&#768;]]></description><link>https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/bot-protein-chua-chi-lo-ngai-thuc</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/bot-protein-chua-chi-lo-ngai-thuc</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[The Thinking Trainer]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 18 Nov 2025 23:22:45 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hzVb!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4f196dfe-34f4-40d1-9036-0fc5911778ae_1920x1080.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<h1>Ca&#769;c Y&#769; Chi&#769;nh:</h1><ul><li><p><strong>M&#244;&#803;t t&#244;&#777; ch&#432;&#769;c v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng ha&#768;nh lang ta&#803;i Mi&#771; th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n xe&#769;t nghi&#234;&#803;m kim loa&#803;i n&#259;&#803;ng tr&#234;n ca&#769;c sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m b&#244;&#803;t Protein kha&#769;c nhau tr&#234;n thi&#803; tr&#432;&#417;&#768;ng, va&#768; c&#244;ng b&#244;&#769; m&#244;&#803;t ba&#769;o ca&#769;o &#273;&#234;&#768; xu&#226;&#769;t r&#259;&#768;ng nhi&#234;&#768;u sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c th&#432;&#777; nghi&#234;&#803;m ch&#432;&#769;a l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng Chi&#768; cao h&#417;n r&#226;&#769;t nhi&#234;&#768;u l&#226;&#768;n so v&#417;&#769;i </strong><em><strong>ti&#234;u chu&#226;&#777;n an toa&#768;n </strong></em><strong>ma&#768; ho&#803; l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n.</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Tuy nhi&#234;n, ti&#769;nh &#432;&#769;ng du&#803;ng hay h&#432;&#771;u i&#769;ch cu&#777;a ba&#769;o ca&#769;o na&#768;y co&#769; nhi&#234;&#768;u ha&#803;n ch&#234;&#769; &#273;&#234;&#769;n t&#432;&#768; ca&#769;ch t&#244;&#777; ch&#432;&#769;c na&#768;y l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n ti&#234;u chu&#226;&#777;n &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769;, quy tri&#768;nh &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769;, cu&#771;ng nh&#432; ca&#769;ch truy&#234;&#768;n ta&#777;i th&#244;ng tin &#273;&#234;&#769;n ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i ti&#234;u du&#768;ng.</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Thay vi&#768; hoang mang hay lo l&#259;&#769;ng v&#234;&#768; Chi&#768; trong b&#244;&#803;t Protein (m&#244;&#803;t nguy c&#417; nho&#777; h&#417;n &#273;a&#769;ng k&#234;&#777; tr&#234;n th&#432;&#803;c t&#234;&#769; so v&#417;&#769;i nh&#432;&#771;ng gi&#768; trong ba&#769;o ca&#769;o tr&#234;n), ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i ti&#234;u du&#768;ng n&#234;n t&#432;&#803; &#273;&#432;a ra quy&#234;&#769;t &#273;i&#803;nh d&#432;&#803;a tr&#234;n ca&#769;c ngu&#244;&#768;n th&#244;ng tin khoa ho&#803;c chi&#769;nh th&#244;&#769;ng, cu&#771;ng nh&#432; chu&#769; y&#769; gia&#777;i quy&#234;&#769;t nh&#432;&#771;ng v&#226;&#769;n &#273;&#234;&#768; c&#417; ba&#777;n h&#417;n trong ch&#234;&#769; &#273;&#244;&#803; &#259;n va&#768; tho&#769;i quen sinh hoa&#803;t ha&#768;ng nga&#768;y.</strong> </p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hzVb!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4f196dfe-34f4-40d1-9036-0fc5911778ae_1920x1080.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hzVb!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4f196dfe-34f4-40d1-9036-0fc5911778ae_1920x1080.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hzVb!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4f196dfe-34f4-40d1-9036-0fc5911778ae_1920x1080.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hzVb!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4f196dfe-34f4-40d1-9036-0fc5911778ae_1920x1080.png 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hzVb!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4f196dfe-34f4-40d1-9036-0fc5911778ae_1920x1080.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hzVb!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4f196dfe-34f4-40d1-9036-0fc5911778ae_1920x1080.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hzVb!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4f196dfe-34f4-40d1-9036-0fc5911778ae_1920x1080.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hzVb!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4f196dfe-34f4-40d1-9036-0fc5911778ae_1920x1080.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>&#8220;B&#244;&#803;t Protein ch&#432;&#769;a Chi&#768;, nguy hi&#234;&#777;m&#8221;. &#8220;Whey Protein ch&#432;&#769;a chi&#768;, ch&#226;&#769;t &#273;&#244;&#803;c cho c&#417; th&#234;&#777;&#8221;.</p><p>N&#234;&#769;u s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng ca&#769;c sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m Whey Protein hay b&#244;&#803;t Protein th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng xuy&#234;n, ch&#259;&#769;c h&#259;&#777;n ba&#803;n &#273;a&#771; b&#259;&#769;t g&#259;&#803;p nh&#432;&#771;ng ti&#234;u &#273;&#234;&#768; hay do&#768;ng chia se&#777; tr&#234;n trong nh&#432;&#771;ng nga&#768;y g&#226;n &#273;&#226;y. Chu&#769;ng xu&#226;&#769;t pha&#769;t t&#432;&#768; c&#244;ng b&#244;&#769; tr&#234;n ba&#769;o chi&#769; cu&#777;a m&#244;&#803;t t&#244;&#777; ch&#432;&#769;c phi l&#417;&#803;i nhu&#226;&#803;n, c&#244;ng b&#244;&#769; pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n cu&#777;a ho&#803; sau khi t&#432;&#803; th&#432;&#777; nghi&#234;&#803;m 23 sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m b&#244;&#803;t Protein t&#432;&#768; ca&#769;c ngu&#244;&#768;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng v&#226;&#803;t va&#768; th&#432;&#803;c v&#226;&#803;t.</p><p>V&#226;&#803;y, nh&#432;&#771;ng th&#244;ng tin na&#768;y co&#769; th&#432;&#803;c s&#432;&#803; &#273;a&#769;ng lo nga&#803;i hay kh&#244;ng, va&#768; chu&#769;ng ta n&#234;n ti&#234;&#769;p c&#226;&#803;n chu&#769;ng nh&#432; th&#234;&#769; na&#768;o. Ba&#768;i vi&#234;&#769;t na&#768;y t&#244;&#777;ng h&#417;&#803;p nh&#432;&#771;ng ph&#226;n ti&#769;ch va&#768; bi&#768;nh lu&#226;&#803;n cu&#777;a nh&#432;&#771;ng chuy&#234;n gia v&#234;&#768; y t&#234;&#769;, dinh d&#432;&#417;&#771;ng va&#768; s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e v&#234;&#768; chu&#777; &#273;&#234;&#768; na&#768;y. </p><blockquote><p>&#9888;&#65039;M&#244;&#803;t l&#432;u y&#769; tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c khi b&#259;&#769;t &#273;&#226;&#768;u: nh&#432;&#771;ng th&#244;ng tin trong ba&#768;i vi&#234;&#769;t na&#768;y se&#771; li&#234;n h&#234;&#803; tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c ti&#234;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n b&#244;&#769;i ca&#777;nh &#417;&#777; <em><strong>n&#432;&#417;&#769;c ngoa&#768;i</strong> (Hoa Ky&#768;)</em>, vi&#768; v&#226;&#803;y ba&#803;n &#273;o&#803;c n&#234;n c&#226;n nh&#259;&#769;c tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c khi suy lu&#226;&#803;n hay a&#769;p du&#803;ng.</p></blockquote><h1>Nh&#432;&#771;ng &#8220;pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n&#8221; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c c&#244;ng b&#244;&#769;</h1><p><strong>Consumer Reports (CR)</strong>, m&#244;&#803;t nho&#769;m v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng ha&#768;nh lang ta&#803;i Mi&#771;, g&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#226;y c&#244;ng b&#244;&#769; r&#259;&#768;ng, ho&#803; th&#432;&#777; nghi&#234;&#803;m 23 sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m th&#432;&#803;c ph&#226;&#777;m b&#244;&#777; sung Protein da&#803;ng b&#244;&#803;t, hay b&#244;&#803;t Protein, co&#769; ngu&#244;&#768;n g&#244;&#769;c t&#432;&#768; s&#432;&#771;a, thi&#803;t bo&#768;, va&#768; th&#432;&#803;c v&#226;&#803;t, &#273;&#234;&#777; &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769; ha&#768;m l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng Chi&#768; cu&#771;ng nh&#432; ca&#769;c loa&#803;i kim loa&#803;i n&#259;&#803;ng kha&#769;c.</p><p>Ca&#769;c do&#768;ng ti&#769;t truy&#234;&#768;n th&#244;ng t&#226;&#803;p trung va&#768;o pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n r&#259;&#768;ng, h&#417;n 2/3 sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769; ch&#432;&#769;a ha&#768;m l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng Chi&#768; (Pb) v&#432;&#417;&#803;t qua&#769; ng&#432;&#417;&#771;ng 0.5 mcg/nga&#768;y (1 mcg = 1000 mg) ti&#769;nh tr&#234;n m&#244;&#771;i kh&#226;&#777;u ph&#226;&#768;n (serving) - ng&#432;&#417;&#771;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c CR <em>l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n</em> la&#768;m ng&#432;&#417;&#771;ng ti&#234;u chu&#226;&#777;n an toa&#768;n. &#272;&#259;&#803;c bi&#234;&#803;t, hai sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m cu&#803; th&#234;&#777; Protein co&#769; ngu&#244;&#768;n g&#244;&#769;c th&#432;&#803;c v&#226;&#803;t ch&#432;&#769;a &#273;&#234;&#769;n 7.7 va&#768; 6.3 mcg/serving.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pTvZ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22ed0e44-d6f8-45d3-8e2c-3498d108ed79_1920x1080.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pTvZ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22ed0e44-d6f8-45d3-8e2c-3498d108ed79_1920x1080.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pTvZ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22ed0e44-d6f8-45d3-8e2c-3498d108ed79_1920x1080.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pTvZ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22ed0e44-d6f8-45d3-8e2c-3498d108ed79_1920x1080.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pTvZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22ed0e44-d6f8-45d3-8e2c-3498d108ed79_1920x1080.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pTvZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22ed0e44-d6f8-45d3-8e2c-3498d108ed79_1920x1080.png" width="1456" height="819" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pTvZ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22ed0e44-d6f8-45d3-8e2c-3498d108ed79_1920x1080.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pTvZ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22ed0e44-d6f8-45d3-8e2c-3498d108ed79_1920x1080.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pTvZ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22ed0e44-d6f8-45d3-8e2c-3498d108ed79_1920x1080.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!pTvZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F22ed0e44-d6f8-45d3-8e2c-3498d108ed79_1920x1080.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Minh ho&#803;a nh&#432;&#771;ng sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m (kh&#244;ng &#273;&#226;&#768;y &#273;u&#777;) &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c CR th&#432;&#777; nghi&#234;&#803;m va&#768; c&#244;ng b&#244;&#769; k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777;</figcaption></figure></div><h1>V&#226;&#769;n &#273;&#234;&#768; v&#417;&#769;i nh&#432;&#771;ng &#8220;pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n&#8221;</h1><p>Thoa&#803;t nhi&#768;n co&#769; ve&#777; &#273;a&#769;ng s&#417;&#803; va&#768; &#273;a&#769;ng ba&#769;o &#273;&#244;&#803;ng, tuy nhi&#234;n v&#226;&#769;n &#273;&#234;&#768; th&#432;&#803;c s&#432;&#803; la&#803;i n&#259;&#768;m &#417;&#777; ca&#769;ch CR &#273;i &#273;&#234;&#769;n k&#234;&#769;t lu&#226;&#803;n tr&#234;n.</p><h2>&#8220;Ti&#234;u chu&#226;&#777;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng&#8221;</h2><p>T&#226;m &#273;i&#234;&#777;m cu&#777;a pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n tr&#234;n la&#768; ng&#432;&#417;&#771;ng 0.5mcg/serving/nga&#768;y, d&#432;&#803;a va&#768;o &#273;o&#769; Consumer Report tuy&#234;n b&#244;&#769; r&#259;&#768;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng Chi&#768; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n trong ca&#769;c sa&#777;n pha&#777;m &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c th&#432;&#777; nghi&#234;&#803;m v&#432;&#417;&#803;t qua&#769; &#8220;ng&#432;&#417;&#771;ng Lo nga&#803;i v&#234;&#768; Chi&#768; cu&#777;a CR&#8221;. V&#226;&#803;y ng&#432;&#417;&#771;ng &#273;o&#769; co&#769; c&#417; s&#417;&#777; t&#432;&#768; &#273;&#226;u?</p><h3>Prop 65</h3><p>CR s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng ti&#234;u chu&#226;&#777;n l&#226;&#769;y t&#432;&#768; m&#244;&#803;t &#273;a&#803;o lu&#226;&#803;t v&#417;&#769;i t&#234;n go&#803;i &#8220;Proposition 65&#8221; (<strong>Prop 65</strong>), ma&#768; ho&#803; cho r&#259;&#768;ng &#8220;co&#769; ti&#769;nh ba&#777;o v&#234;&#803; cao nh&#226;&#769;t &#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e&#8221;. &#272;&#226;y la&#768; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u kh&#244;ng &#273;u&#769;ng. Li&#769; do th&#432;&#803;c s&#432;&#803; la&#768;, CR s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng ti&#234;u chu&#226;&#777;n na&#768;y vi&#768; chu&#769;ng <em>nghi&#234;m ng&#259;&#803;t nh&#226;&#769;t</em>, k&#234;&#777; ca&#777; n&#234;&#769;u chu&#769;ng kh&#244;ng d&#432;&#803;a tr&#234;n b&#226;&#769;t c&#432;&#769; b&#259;&#768;ng ch&#432;&#769;ng th&#432;&#803;c t&#234;&#769; na&#768;o.</p><p>Nghe co&#769; ve&#777; t&#244;&#769;t tr&#234;n ly&#769; thuy&#234;&#769;t, nh&#432;ng v&#226;&#769;n &#273;&#234;&#768; cu&#777;a ti&#234;u chu&#226;&#777;n na&#768;y &#273;&#234;&#769;n t&#432;&#768; vi&#234;&#803;c, no&#769; a&#769;p du&#803;ng &#8220;nguy&#234;n t&#259;&#769;c pho&#768;ng tra&#769;nh&#8221; m&#244;&#803;t ca&#769;ch c&#432;&#803;c &#273;oan. <strong>Nguy&#234;n t&#259;&#769;c pho&#768;ng tra&#769;nh (</strong><em><strong>precautionary principle</strong></em><strong>)</strong> &#273;&#259;&#803;t ra c&#226;u ho&#777;i: &#8220; li&#234;&#803;u co&#769; B&#194;&#769;T C&#431;&#769; tr&#432;&#417;&#768;ng h&#417;&#803;p na&#768;o trong B&#194;&#769;T C&#431;&#769; hoa&#768;n ca&#777;nh gia&#777; &#273;i&#803;nh na&#768;o ma&#768; h&#417;&#803;p ch&#226;&#769;t na&#768;y co&#769; ti&#234;&#768;m n&#259;ng g&#226;y ha&#803;i?&#8221;, thay vi&#768; &#8220;li&#234;&#803;u co&#769; t&#244;&#768;n ta&#803;i B&#194;&#769;T C&#431;&#769; nguy c&#417; th&#432;&#803;c t&#234;&#769; na&#768;o &#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i con ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i d&#432;&#803;a tr&#234;n khoa&#777;ng m&#432;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; ph&#417;i nhi&#234;&#771;m v&#417;&#769;i h&#417;&#803;p ch&#226;&#769;t na&#768;y chi&#777; trong m&#244;&#803;t l&#226;&#768;n hay trong su&#244;&#769;t vo&#768;ng &#273;&#417;&#768;i cu&#777;a ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i &#273;o&#769;?&#8221;. </p><p>Prop 65 cho r&#259;&#768;ng, n&#234;&#769;u trong m&#244;&#803;t th&#234;&#769; gi&#417;&#769;i gia&#777; &#273;i&#803;nh &#417;&#777; &#273;o&#769; ph&#417;i nhi&#234;&#771;m v&#417;&#769;i m&#244;&#803;t ho&#769;a ch&#226;&#769;t co&#769; th&#234;&#777; d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n th&#234;m m&#244;&#803;t tr&#432;&#417;&#768;ng h&#417;&#803;p m&#259;&#769;c ung thu trong m&#244;&#771;i 100,000 ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i trong m&#244;&#803;t vo&#768;ng &#273;&#417;&#768;i ke&#769;o da&#768;i 70 n&#259;m, ho&#769;a ch&#226;&#769;t &#273;o&#769; se&#771; bi&#803; th&#234;m va&#768;o danh sa&#769;ch pha&#777;i da&#769;n nha&#771;n ca&#777;nh ba&#769;o. Vi&#768; <a href="https://news.immunologic.org/p/cancer-hundreds-of-complex-diseases">ung th&#432; v&#244;&#769;n la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t c&#259;n b&#234;&#803;nh chi&#803;u a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng b&#417;&#777;i nhi&#234;&#768;u y&#234;&#769;u t&#244;&#769;</a>, ti&#234;u chi&#769; na&#768;y to&#777; ra nghi&#234;m ng&#259;&#803;t tha&#769;i qua&#769;, trong khi m&#244;&#803;t ca ung th&#432; trong 70 n&#259;m co&#769; th&#234;&#777; xa&#777;y ra hoa&#768;n toa&#768;n ng&#226;&#771;u nhi&#234;n. Ca&#769;ch ti&#234;&#769;p c&#226;&#803;n na&#768;y gi&#244;&#769;ng v&#417;&#769;i <a href="https://news.immunologic.org/p/what-does-carcinogenic-really-mean">ca&#769;ch x&#234;&#769;p ha&#803;ng ru&#777;i ro g&#226;y ung th&#432; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng b&#417;&#777;i IARC (c&#417; quan nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u qu&#244;&#769;c t&#234;&#769; v&#234;&#768; ung th&#432;, thu&#244;&#803;c WHO) - v&#244;&#769;n th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng bi&#803; hi&#234;&#777;u nh&#226;&#768;m</a>.</p><p>R&#244;&#769;t cu&#803;c, ti&#234;u chu&#226;&#777;n na&#768;y &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ban ha&#768;nh tha&#768;nh lu&#226;&#803;t va&#768;o n&#259;m 1989, b&#259;&#768;ng la&#769; phi&#234;&#769;u ph&#244;&#777; th&#244;ng, ch&#432;&#769; kh&#244;ng pha&#777;i sau khi tham v&#226;&#769;n v&#417;&#769;i gi&#417;&#769;i chuy&#234;n gia khoa ho&#803;c. Prop 65 quy &#273;i&#803;nh m&#432;&#769;c &#8220;li&#234;&#768;u l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c cho phe&#769;p&#8221; (<em>maximum allowable dose level</em> hay MADL) v&#234;&#768; Chi&#768; la&#768; <strong>0.5mcg/nga&#768;y</strong>. Gia&#769; tri&#803; na&#768;y &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c k&#234;&#769;t lu&#226;&#803;n na&#768;y b&#259;&#768;ng ca&#769;c l&#226;&#769;y m&#432;&#769;c ph&#417;i nhi&#234;&#771;m v&#417;&#769;i Chi&#768; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c d&#432;&#803; ba&#769;o se&#771; kh&#244;ng g&#226;y ha&#803;i &#273;&#234;&#769;n s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e sinh sa&#777;n trong b&#244;&#769;i ca&#777;nh lao &#273;&#244;&#803;ng (&#417;&#777; &#273;o&#769; ti&#234;&#769;p xu&#769;c v&#417;&#769;i Chi&#768; chu&#777; y&#234;&#769;u di&#234;&#771;n ra qua &#273;&#432;&#417;&#768;ng th&#417;&#777;, &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c cho la&#768; co&#769; ha&#803;i h&#417;n), va&#768; chia no&#769; v&#417;&#769;i 1000 nh&#432; m&#244;&#803;t h&#234;&#803; s&#244;&#769; an toa&#768;n b&#244;&#777; sung. Quan &#273;i&#234;&#777;m ph&#244;&#777; bi&#234;&#769;n trong gi&#417;&#769;i chuy&#234;n gia la&#768;, Prop 65 la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t v&#259;n ba&#777;n pha&#769;p ly&#769; <em>&#273;o&#769;ng vai</em> khoa ho&#803;c. </p><p>&#272;a&#769;ng chu&#769; y&#769;, m&#432;&#769;c MADL na&#768;y chi&#777; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c a&#769;p du&#803;ng ta&#803;i bang California, va&#768; chi&#777; la&#768; <em><strong>quy &#273;i&#803;nh v&#234;&#768; nha&#771;n hi&#234;&#803;u</strong></em> (ca&#769;c sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m co&#769; ha&#768;m l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng Chi&#768; tr&#234;n ng&#432;&#417;&#771;ng na&#768;y c&#226;&#768;n da&#769;n nha&#771;n ca&#777;nh ba&#777;o v&#234;&#768; ca&#769;c ho&#769;a ch&#226;&#769;t co&#769; b&#226;&#769;t c&#432;&#769; li&#234;n h&#234;&#803; na&#768;o &#273;&#234;&#769;n ung th&#432;, di&#803; t&#226;&#803;t khi sinh, hay ca&#769;c v&#226;&#769;n &#273;&#234;&#768; sinh sa&#777;n), thay vi&#768; <em>c&#226;&#769;m</em> l&#432;u ha&#768;nh tr&#234;n thi&#803; tr&#432;&#417;&#768;ng. </p><h3>Ca&#769;c ti&#234;u chu&#226;&#777;n kha&#769;c</h3><p>M&#259;&#803;t kha&#769;c, m&#432;&#769;c MADL cu&#777;a Prop 65 kh&#244;ng pha&#777;i la&#768; ti&#234;u chu&#226;&#777;n duy nh&#226;&#769;t hay &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c a&#769;p du&#803;ng r&#244;&#803;ng ra&#771;i nh&#226;&#769;t. </p><h4>FDA</h4><p>Vi&#769; du&#803;, ta&#803;i Hoa Ky&#768;, Cu&#803;c Qua&#777;n Ly&#769; Th&#432;&#803;c Ph&#226;&#777;m Va&#768; D&#432;&#417;&#803;c Ph&#226;&#777;m Hoa Ky&#768; (<strong>FDA</strong>) co&#769; ca&#769;ch ti&#234;&#769;p c&#226;&#803;n hoa&#768;n toa&#768;n kha&#769;c.</p><p>Theo &#273;o&#769;, tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c ti&#234;n, d&#432;&#803;a va&#768;o ca&#769;c b&#259;&#768;ng ch&#432;&#769;ng khoa ho&#803;c &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c c&#226;&#803;p nh&#226;&#803;t, FDA l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n m&#244;&#803;t m&#432;&#769;c n&#244;&#768;ng &#273;&#244;&#803; Chi&#768; trong ma&#769;u (<em>blood lead level</em> hay BLL) la&#768;m m&#244;&#769;c tham chi&#234;&#769;u (<em>blood lead reference value),</em> d&#432;&#803;a tr&#234;n gia&#769; tri&#803; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c C&#417; Quan Pho&#768;ng Ch&#244;&#769;ng va&#768; Ki&#234;&#777;m Soa&#769;t Di&#803;ch B&#234;&#803;nh Hoa Ky&#768; (CDC) c&#226;&#768;n gi&#432;&#771; n&#244;&#768;ng &#273;&#244;&#803; Chi&#768; trong ma&#769;u lu&#244;n th&#226;&#769;p h&#417;n &#273;&#234;&#777; ha&#803;n ch&#234;&#769; t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a ta&#769;c ha&#803;i cu&#777;a ph&#417;i nhi&#234;&#771;m Chi&#768; &#273;&#234;&#769;n s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e (<strong>3.5mcg/dL</strong>, &#417;&#777; tre&#777; em BLL &#417;&#777; <em>d&#432;&#417;&#769;i ng&#432;&#417;&#771;ng na&#768;y</em> ch&#432;a &#273;o&#768;i ho&#777;i ca&#769;c bi&#234;&#803;n pha&#769;p chu&#777; &#273;&#244;&#803;ng can thi&#234;&#803;p nh&#259;&#768;m gia&#777;m ph&#417;i nhi&#234;&#771;m Chi&#768; va&#768; &#273;a&#777;m ba&#777;o tre&#777; em pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n bi&#768;nh th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng). </p><p>Sau &#273;o&#769; ho&#803; thi&#234;&#769;t l&#226;&#803;p ca&#769;c m&#432;&#769;c tham chi&#234;&#769;u cho l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng ti&#234;u thu&#803; Chi&#768; &#417;&#777; nh&#432;&#771;ng nho&#769;m d&#226;n s&#244;&#769; kha&#769;c nhau (<strong>IRL </strong>hay <em>interim reference level</em>). Ca&#769;c m&#432;&#769;c IRL &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c FDA c&#226;&#803;p nh&#226;&#803;t va&#768;o n&#259;m 2022 la&#768;: 2.2mcg/nga&#768;y cho tre&#777; em, va&#768; 8.8mcg/nga&#768;y chophu&#803; n&#432;&#771; &#417;&#777; &#273;&#244;&#803; tu&#244;&#777;i mang thai, so v&#417;&#769;i m&#432;&#769;c 12,5mcg/nga&#768;y cho ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i tr&#432;&#417;&#777;ng tha&#768;nh. Chu&#769; y&#769; r&#259;&#768;ng nh&#432;&#771;ng gia&#769; tri&#803; na&#768;y &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ti&#769;ch h&#417;&#803;p h&#234;&#803; s&#244;&#769; an toa&#768;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c FDA &#432;&#417;&#769;c ti&#769;nh ca&#769;c m&#432;&#769;c IRL tr&#234;n cho l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng ti&#234;u thu&#803; trong ch&#234;&#769; &#273;&#244;&#803; &#259;n se&#771; t&#432;&#417;ng &#432;&#769;ng v&#417;&#769;i m&#432;&#769;c Chi&#768; trong ma&#769;u la&#768; <strong>0.35mcg/dL</strong> (th&#226;&#769;p h&#417;n g&#226;&#769;p 10 l&#226;&#768;n ng&#432;&#417;&#771;ng &#8220;an toa&#768;n&#8221; &#417;&#777; tre&#777; em va&#768; phu&#803; n&#432;&#771; &#417;&#777; &#273;&#244;&#803; tu&#244;&#777;i sinh sa&#777;n).</p><p>Ca&#769;ch ti&#234;&#769;p c&#226;&#803;n cu&#777;a FDA xu&#226;&#769;t pha&#769;t t&#432;&#768; th&#432;&#803;c ti&#234;&#771;n lu&#244;n t&#244;&#768;n ta&#803;i s&#432;&#803; <em>kh&#244;ng ch&#259;&#769;c ch&#259;&#769;n </em>v&#234;&#768; n&#244;&#768;ng &#273;&#244;&#803; Chi&#768; trong ma&#769;u va&#768; l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng ti&#234;u thu&#803; Chi&#768; trong ch&#234;&#769; &#273;&#244;&#803; &#259;n t&#244;&#769;i &#432;u &#273;&#234;&#777; ba&#777;o v&#234;&#803; s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e. Theo &#273;o&#769;, FDA h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng &#273;&#234;&#769;n mu&#803;c ti&#234;u la&#768; gia&#777;m m&#432;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; ph&#417;i nhi&#234;&#771;u v&#417;&#769;i Chi&#768; no&#769;i chung trong toa&#768;n d&#226;n s&#244;&#769; Hoa Ky&#768;, trong khi ch&#226;&#769;p nh&#226;&#803;n r&#259;&#768;ng tri&#234;&#803;t ti&#234;u hoa&#768;n toa&#768;n ti&#234;u thu&#803; Chi&#768; (= 0) la&#768; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u kh&#244;ng th&#234;&#777; n&#234;&#769;u nh&#432; ba&#803;n ti&#234;u thu&#803; th&#432;&#803;c ph&#226;&#777;m t&#432;&#768; ha&#768;nh tinh na&#768;y; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y pha&#777;n a&#769;nh b&#417;&#777;i kh&#226;&#777;u hi&#234;&#803;u cu&#777;a FDA: <em>Closer to Zero</em> (<em>G&#226;&#768;n h&#417;n </em>v&#417;&#769;i Kh&#244;ng).</p><p>Gi&#417;&#769;i chuy&#234;n gia cho r&#259;&#768;ng, nh&#432;&#771;ng ti&#234;u chu&#226;&#777;n tr&#234;n cu&#777;a FDA h&#417;&#803;p ly&#769; h&#417;n nhi&#234;&#768;u va&#768; v&#226;&#771;n co&#769; ti&#769;nh pho&#768;ng tra&#769;nh, nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng ta&#803;o ra nh&#432;&#771;ng ti&#769;t ba&#769;o thu hu&#769;t s&#432;&#803; chu&#769; y&#769; nh&#432; ti&#234;u chi&#769; cu&#777;a Prop 65. No&#769; t&#226;&#803;p trung va&#768;o gia&#777;m nguy c&#417; ph&#417;i nhi&#234;&#771;m v&#417;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng Chi&#768; l&#417;&#769;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; g&#226;y ra nh&#432;&#771;ng v&#226;&#769;n &#273;&#234;&#768; v&#234;&#768; s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e &#417;&#777; nh&#432;&#771;ng ca&#769; nh&#226;n hay nho&#769;m d&#234;&#771; t&#244;&#777;n th&#432;&#417;ng trong toa&#768;n d&#226;n s&#244;&#769;. Khi c&#226;n nh&#259;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#769;i t&#432;&#417;&#803;ng li&#234;n quan hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i (ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng b&#244;&#803;t Protein), m&#432;&#769;c IRL &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c FDA &#273;&#432;a ra v&#226;&#771;n cao h&#417;n g&#226;&#769;p 17.6 l&#226;&#768;n (cho phu&#803; n&#432;&#771; &#417;&#777; &#273;&#244;&#803; tu&#244;&#777;i sinh sa&#777;n) va&#768; 25 l&#226;&#768;n (cho ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i tr&#432;&#417;&#777;ng tha&#768;nh) so v&#417;&#769;i m&#432;&#769;c MADL cu&#777;a Prop 65.</p><h4>EU</h4><p>M&#244;&#803;t vi&#769; du&#803; kha&#769;c &#273;&#234;&#769;n t&#432;&#768; Li&#234;n Minh Ch&#226;u &#194;u (<strong>EU</strong>), &#417;&#777; &#273;o&#769; ho&#803; s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng m&#244;&#803;t gia&#769; tri&#803; go&#803;i la&#768; <a href="https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/pub/1570">BMLD01 (benchmark dose lower confidence limit)</a>. &#272;&#226;y la&#768; m&#432;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; ph&#417;i nhi&#234;&#771;m &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c xa&#769;c &#273;i&#803;nh la&#768; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; t&#259;ng ru&#777;i ro xa&#777;y ra nh&#432;&#771;ng a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng ti&#234;u c&#432;&#803;c &#273;&#234;&#769;n s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e th&#234;m 1%. Ca&#769;c m&#432;&#769;c cu&#803; th&#234;&#777; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ph&#226;n loa&#803;i theo lo nga&#803;i cu&#803; th&#234;&#777; v&#234;&#768; s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e va&#768; c&#226;n n&#259;&#803;ng.</p><p>Vi&#769; du&#803;, lo nga&#803;i v&#234;&#768; a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng cu&#777;a Chi&#768; &#273;&#234;&#769;n Tim ma&#803;ch &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c xa&#769;c &#273;i&#803;nh &#417;&#777; m&#432;&#769;c BMLD01 la&#768; 1.5 mcg/kg tro&#803;ng l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng c&#417; th&#234;&#777;/nga&#768;y, va&#768; v&#417;&#769;i Th&#226;&#803;n la&#768; 0.63 mcg/kg/nga&#768;y. V&#417;&#769;i m&#244;&#803;t ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i tr&#432;&#417;&#777;ng tha&#768;nh n&#259;&#803;ng <em>70kg</em>, nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#771;ng tr&#234;n t&#432;&#417;ng &#432;&#769;ng v&#417;&#769;i 150mcg/nga&#768;y cho nh&#432;&#771;ng lo nga&#803;i v&#234;&#768; tim ma&#803;ch (cao h&#417;n g&#226;&#769;p 210 l&#226;&#768;n m&#432;&#769;c cu&#777;a Prop 65) va&#768; 44mcg/nga&#768;y (88 l&#226;&#768;n m&#432;&#769;c Prop 65)</p><p>&#272;a&#769;ng chu&#769; y&#769;, kha&#769;c v&#417;&#769;i &#417;&#777; Hoa Ky&#768;, th&#432;&#803;c ph&#226;&#777;m b&#244;&#777; sung &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c Li&#234;n Minh Ch&#226;u &#194;u (EU) ki&#234;&#777;m soa&#769;t ch&#259;&#803;t che&#771; v&#234;&#768; ch&#226;&#769;t l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng va&#768; &#273;&#244;&#803; an toa&#768;n, trong &#273;o&#769; co&#769; <a href="https://www.gmp-compliance.org/gmp-news/new-limits-for-heavy-metals-in-food-supplements">ha&#768;m l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng kim loa&#803;i n&#259;&#803;ng co&#769; trong th&#432;&#803;c ph&#226;&#777;m b&#244;&#777; sung</a>. Gi&#417;&#769;i ha&#803;n t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a &#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i Chi&#768; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c quy &#273;i&#803;nh la&#768; 3ppm (<em>parts per million</em>), co&#769; th&#234;&#777; quy &#273;&#244;&#777;i ra la&#768; 3mg/kg (1mg = 1000mcg).</p><h3>So sa&#769;nh</h3><p>Gia&#777; s&#432;&#777; nh&#432;&#771;ng k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; cu&#777;a Consumer Report (CR) &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ch&#226;&#769;p nh&#226;&#803;n v&#244; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u ki&#234;&#803;n la&#768; chi&#769;nh xa&#769;c (th&#432;&#803;c t&#234;&#769; kh&#244;ng nh&#432; v&#226;&#803;y), v&#226;&#769;n &#273;&#234;&#768; &#273;&#226;&#768;u ti&#234;n cu&#777;a ba&#769;o ca&#769;o na&#768;y la&#768;, CR quy&#234;&#769;t &#273;i&#803;nh l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n Prop 65 va&#768; l&#417;&#768; &#273;i ti&#234;u chu&#226;&#777;n IRL cu&#777;a FDA. Ngay ca&#777; v&#417;&#769;i nh&#432;&#771;ng sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c tri&#768;nh ba&#768;y cu&#803; th&#234;&#777; la&#768; co&#769; ha&#768;m l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng Chi&#768; &#273;&#259;&#803;c bi&#234;&#803;t cao, ha&#768;m l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng Chi&#768; trong nh&#432;&#771;ng sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m na&#768;y v&#226;&#771;n th&#226;&#769;p h&#417;n so v&#417;&#769;i ng&#432;&#417;&#771;ng li&#234;&#768;u l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng cu&#777;a FDA.</p><p>Vi&#769; du&#803;, sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m <em>Naked Vegan Mass Gainer</em>, &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ghi nh&#226;&#803;n ch&#432;&#769;a ha&#768;m l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng Chi&#768; cao nh&#226;&#769;t trong s&#244;&#769; nh&#432;&#771;ng sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769; (7.7 mcg/serving), v&#226;&#771;n <em>th&#226;&#769;p h&#417;n</em> so v&#417;&#769;i m&#432;&#769;c IRL cho phu&#803; n&#432;&#771; trong &#273;&#244;&#803; tu&#244;&#777;i mang thai (8.8 mcg/nga&#768;y, 87.5%) va&#768; nam gi&#417;&#769;i (12.5 mcg/nga&#768;y, 61.6%). N&#234;&#769;u so sa&#769;nh v&#417;&#769;i ti&#234;u chu&#226;&#777;n cu&#777;a EU (co&#769; th&#234;&#777; coi la&#768; ch&#259;&#803;t che&#771; h&#417;n), ha&#768;m l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng tr&#234;n th&#226;&#769;p h&#417;n ro&#771; r&#234;&#803;t so v&#417;&#769;i ng&#432;&#417;&#771;ng lo nga&#803;i v&#234;&#768; Th&#226;&#803;n va&#768; Tim ma&#803;ch (&#417;&#777; m&#244;&#803;t ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i n&#259;&#803;ng 70kg, l&#226;&#768;n l&#432;&#417;&#803;t 44mcg/nga&#768;y va&#768; 150mcg/nga&#768;y). Th&#226;&#803;m chi&#769;, ng&#432;&#417;&#771;ng ki&#234;&#777;m soa&#769;t an toa&#768;n v&#234;&#768; Chi&#768; cu&#777;a EU (3 mg/kg hay 3 mcg/g) cao h&#417;n g&#226;&#769;p <em>123 l&#226;&#768;n</em> so v&#417;&#769;i ha&#768;m l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng trong sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m na&#768;y (ti&#769;nh theo serving 315g cu&#777;a sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m, 945 mcg/serving).</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3xN0!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fea780198-564d-4a44-b394-500525f18052_1456x1456.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><p>To&#769;m la&#803;i, <strong>ha&#768;m l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng Chi&#768; cao nh&#226;&#769;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c Consumer Report &#273;&#432;a ra v&#226;&#771;n th&#226;&#769;p h&#417;n &#273;a&#769;ng k&#234;&#777; so v&#417;&#769;i nh&#432;&#771;ng ti&#234;u chu&#226;&#777;n an toa&#768;n &#417;&#777; Hoa Ky&#768; va&#768; EU &#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i ph&#417;i nhi&#234;&#771;m Chi&#768; qua th&#432;&#803;c ph&#226;&#777;m</strong>.</p></blockquote><h2>Ph&#432;&#417;ng pha&#769;p &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769;</h2><p>Ba&#777;n th&#226;n ph&#432;&#417;ng pha&#769;p &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769; cu&#777;a Consumer Report co&#769; nh&#432;&#771;ng ha&#803;n ch&#234;&#769; ro&#771; r&#234;&#803;t. Ca&#769;ch CR la&#768;m la&#768;, ho&#803; th&#432;&#777; nghi&#234;&#803;m 2-3 m&#226;&#771;u sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m cu&#777;a 23 sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m b&#244;&#803;t Protein &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769;, thu th&#226;&#803;p trong khoa&#777;ng th&#417;&#768;i gian t&#432;&#768; tha&#769;ng 11/2024 &#273;&#234;&#769;n tha&#769;ng 01/2025 t&#432;&#768; ca&#769;c nha&#768; ba&#769;n le&#777; ta&#803;i bang New York va&#768; ca&#769;c nha&#768; ba&#769;n le&#777; tr&#432;&#803;c tuy&#234;&#769;n kha&#769;c, va&#768; g&#432;&#777;i chu&#769;ng &#273;&#234;&#769;n pho&#768;ng thi&#769; nghi&#234;&#803;m cu&#777;a b&#234;n th&#432;&#769; ba &#273;&#234;&#777; ph&#226;n ti&#769;ch tha&#768;nh ph&#226;&#768;n ho&#769;a ho&#803;c.</p><p>&#272;&#226;y kho&#769; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; coi la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t m&#226;&#771;u co&#769; ti&#769;nh &#273;a&#803;i di&#234;&#803;n. Chi&#777; m&#244;&#803;t va&#768;i m&#226;&#771;u t&#432;&#768; m&#244;&#803;t va&#768;i nha&#768; ph&#226;n ph&#244;&#769;i trong va&#768;i tho&#769;ng kh&#244;ng cho ba&#803;n bi&#234;&#769;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c v&#234;&#768; khoa&#777;ng ha&#768;m l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng kim loa&#803;i n&#259;&#803;ng trong sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m. Ph&#432;&#417;ng pha&#769;p tr&#234;n cu&#771;ng co&#769; th&#234;&#777; li&#769; gia&#777;i vi&#768; sao nh&#432;&#771;ng k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; cu&#777;a CR la&#803;i kha&#769;c v&#417;&#769;i d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n t&#432;&#768; Huel (nha&#768; sa&#777;n xu&#226;&#769;t cu&#777;a Huel Black Edition) &#273;&#234;&#769;n t&#432;&#768; ca&#769;c pho&#768;ng lab &#273;&#244;&#803;c l&#226;&#803;p ma&#768; c&#244;ng ty na&#768;y thu&#234; &#273;&#234;&#777; th&#432;&#777; nghi&#234;&#803;m kim loa&#803;i n&#259;&#803;ng trong sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m cu&#777;a ho&#803;, pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n ha&#768;m l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng kim loa&#803;i n&#259;&#803;ng th&#226;&#769;p h&#417;n &#273;a&#769;ng k&#234;&#777;.</p><p>So sa&#769;nh v&#417;&#769;i ph&#432;&#417;ng pha&#769;p tr&#234;n, ca&#769;ch ti&#234;&#769;p c&#226;&#803;n cu&#777;a FDA to&#777; ra nghi&#234;m ng&#259;&#803;t h&#417;n ro&#771; r&#234;&#803;t. FDA &#273;o l&#432;&#417;&#768;ng ha&#768;m l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng kim loa&#803;i n&#259;&#803;ng trong ca&#769;c sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m th&#432;&#803;c ph&#226;&#777;m trong khu&#244;n kh&#244;&#777; Nghi&#234;n C&#432;&#769;u Toa&#768;n Ch&#234;&#769; &#272;&#244;&#803; &#258;n (<em>Total Diet Study</em>) b&#259;&#768;ng ca&#769;ch mua ca&#769;c sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m t&#432;&#768; nh&#432;&#771;ng nha&#768; ph&#226;n ph&#244;&#769;i chi&#769;nh ta&#803;i ca&#769;c tha&#768;nh ph&#244;&#769; &#273;&#244;ng d&#226;n c&#432; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n ng&#226;&#771;u nhi&#234;n trong 6 vu&#768;ng ta&#803;i Hoa Ky&#768;, trong 2 giai &#273;oa&#803;n trong n&#259;m va&#768; l&#259;&#803;p la&#803;i nhi&#234;&#768;u n&#259;m.</p><blockquote><p>To&#769;m la&#803;i, <strong>k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; v&#234;&#768; ha&#768;m l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng Chi&#768; r&#226;&#769;t cao hay r&#226;&#769;t th&#226;&#769;p trong m&#244;&#803;t sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c CR tri&#768;nh ba&#768;y kh&#244;ng pha&#777;n a&#769;nh li&#234;&#803;u ca&#769;c gia&#769; tri&#803; na&#768;y la&#768; di&#803; bi&#234;&#803;t hay co&#769; ti&#769;nh &#273;a&#803;i di&#234;&#803;n cho gia&#769; tri&#803; trung bi&#768;nh</strong>. Va&#768; nh&#432; &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c tha&#777;o lu&#226;&#803;n &#417;&#777; tr&#234;n, ca&#769;c gia&#769; tri&#803; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ghi nh&#226;&#803;n ch&#432;a pha&#777;i la&#768; m&#432;&#769;c &#273;a&#769;ng lo nga&#803;i &#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e.</p></blockquote><h2>Ca&#769;c y&#234;&#769;u t&#244;&#769; kha&#769;c</h2><p>Ba&#769;o ca&#769;o cu&#777;a Consumer Report co&#768;n ch&#432;&#769;a i&#769;t nh&#226;&#769;t hai v&#226;&#769;n &#273;&#234;&#768; sau:</p><p><strong>Ca&#769;ch tri&#768;nh ba&#768;y k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777;</strong>: thay vi&#768; tri&#768;nh ba&#768;y d&#432;&#417;&#769;i da&#803;ng d&#432;&#771; li&#234;&#803;u th&#244; (vd: kh&#244;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng ti&#769;nh theo mcg), CR l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n tri&#768;nh ba&#768;y theo gia&#769; tri&#803; <em>%</em> so v&#417;&#769;i ng&#432;&#417;&#771;ng ti&#234;u chu&#226;&#777;n ho&#803; l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n. K&#234;&#769;t h&#417;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i ti&#234;u chu&#226;&#777;n &#8220;ng&#432;&#417;&#771;ng &#273;a&#769;ng lo nga&#803;i&#8221; r&#226;&#769;t th&#226;&#769;p &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c CR l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n (0.5 mcg/nga&#768;y cu&#777;a Prop 65), ca&#769;ch tri&#768;nh ba&#768;y na&#768;y d&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#234;&#769;n gia&#769; tri&#803; r&#226;&#769;t l&#417;&#769;n (&gt; 1000%), <em>th&#244;&#777;i ph&#244;&#768;ng</em> nh&#226;&#803;n th&#432;&#769;c v&#234;&#768; ha&#768;m l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng Chi&#768; co&#769; trong sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769;, ta&#803;o hi&#234;&#803;u &#432;&#769;ng d&#432; lu&#226;&#803;n ma&#803;nh me&#771; h&#417;n.</p><p><strong>Sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng</strong>: hai sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c s&#432;&#777; CR chi&#777; ra cu&#803; th&#234;&#777; la&#768; n&#234;n tra&#769;nh - <a href="https://www.consumerreports.org/lead/protein-powders-and-shakes-contain-high-levels-of-lead-a4206364640/#:~:text=15.4%20ppb%2C%20respectively.-,PRODUCTS%20TO%20AVOID,-Naked%20Nutrition">Products to avoid</a> - th&#432;&#803;c ch&#226;&#769;t kh&#244;ng pha&#777;i la&#768; sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m b&#244;&#803;t Protein, ma&#768; la&#768; ca&#769;c sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m th&#432;&#803;c ph&#226;&#777;m b&#244;&#777; sung t&#259;ng c&#226;n (<em>mass gainer</em>). Vi&#768; ha&#768;m l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng Chi&#768; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ti&#769;nh theo kh&#244;&#769;i l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng tinh cu&#777;a sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m, nh&#432;&#771;ng sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m co&#769; serving size kh&#244;&#777;ng l&#244;&#768; (vd: 315g/6 mu&#244;&#771;ng cho Vegan Mass Gainer) ch&#259;&#769;c ch&#259;&#769;n se&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ghi nh&#226;&#803;n co&#769; ha&#768;m l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng Chi&#768; kha&#769; l&#417;&#769;n trong m&#244;&#771;i kh&#226;&#777;u ph&#226;&#768;n. H&#417;n n&#432;&#771;a, nh&#432; &#273;&#234;&#768; c&#226;&#803;p tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c &#273;o&#769;, Consumer Report m&#259;&#803;c &#273;i&#803;nh r&#259;&#768;ng ca&#769;c sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m na&#768;y &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng <em>ha&#768;ng nga&#768;y</em>, m&#259;&#803;c du&#768; tr&#234;n th&#432;&#803;c t&#234;&#769; chu&#769;ng co&#769; th&#234;&#777; kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng nh&#432; v&#226;&#803;y. Nh&#432;&#771;ng sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m co&#769; ki&#769;ch th&#432;&#417;&#769;c kh&#226;&#777;u ph&#226;&#768;n l&#417;&#769;n bi&#803; th&#244;&#777;i ph&#244;&#768;ng &#273;a&#769;ng k&#234;&#777; v&#234;&#768; l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng chi&#768; ch&#432;&#769;a trong sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m va&#768; a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng ti&#234;&#768;m ta&#768;ng &#273;&#234;&#769;n s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e.</p><h1>&#272;i&#234;&#768;u n&#234;n ru&#769;t ra</h1><p>T&#244;&#777;ng k&#234;&#769;t la&#803;i, &#273;i&#234;&#768;u co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ru&#769;t ra t&#432;&#768; c&#226;u chuy&#234;&#803;n na&#768;y kh&#244;ng th&#432;&#803;c s&#432;&#803; chi&#777; &#273;&#417;n gia&#777;n la&#768;, ba&#803;n n&#234;n lo l&#259;&#769;ng khi s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng b&#244;&#803;t Protein vi&#768; no&#769; ch&#432;&#769;a Chi&#768;, hay ba&#803;n n&#234;n s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng m&#244;&#803;t nha&#771;n ha&#768;ng cu&#803; th&#234;&#777; &#273;&#234;&#777; ba&#777;o v&#234;&#803; s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e. Th&#226;&#803;m chi&#769;, vi&#768; nh&#432;&#771;ng ha&#803;n ch&#234;&#769; ro&#771; r&#234;&#803;t trong ca&#769;ch &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c Consumer Report s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng, ba&#803;n se&#771; kho&#769; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; k&#234;&#769;t lu&#226;&#803;n r&#259;&#768;ng sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m ba&#777;n th&#226;n &#273;ang s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng co&#769; ch&#432;&#769;a Chi&#768; hay kh&#244;ng, n&#234;&#769;u co&#769; v&#417;&#769;i ha&#768;m l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng bao nhi&#234;u, va&#768; li&#234;&#803;u sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m &#273;o&#769; v&#417;&#769;i tho&#769;i quen ti&#234;u thu&#803; cu&#777;a ba&#803;n hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i co&#769; a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng ti&#234;u c&#432;&#803;c &#273;&#234;&#769;n s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e cu&#777;a ba&#803;n hay kh&#244;ng.</p><p>Thay vi&#768; v&#244;&#803;i va&#771; &#273;i &#273;&#234;&#769;n k&#234;&#769;t lu&#226;&#803;n, chu&#769;ng ta n&#234;n lu&#768;i la&#803;i va&#768; nhi&#768;n va&#768;o m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; khi&#769;a ca&#803;nh sau.</p><h2>Gi&#432;&#771; ca&#769;i nhi&#768;n toa&#768;n ca&#777;nh</h2><p>Chu&#777; &#273;&#234;&#768; hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i co&#769; m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; go&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; sau c&#226;&#768;n c&#226;n nh&#259;&#769;c.</p><h3><strong>Ph&#417;i nhi&#234;&#771;m Chi&#768; va&#768; S&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e</strong></h3><p>Ti&#234;&#769;p xu&#769;c v&#417;&#769;i Chi&#768; la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t &#273;i&#234;&#768;u kh&#244;ng tra&#769;nh kho&#777;i, b&#417;&#777;i vi&#768; Chi&#768; co&#769; &#417;&#777; mo&#803;i n&#417;i - no&#769; la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t nguy&#234;n t&#244;&#769; c&#417; ba&#777;n trong t&#432;&#803; nhi&#234;n, xu&#226;&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n trong &#273;&#226;&#769;t, bu&#803;i, kh&#244;ng khi&#769;, va&#768; ca&#777; th&#432;&#803;c ph&#226;&#777;m (ngu&#244;&#768;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng v&#226;&#803;t l&#226;&#771;n th&#432;&#803;c v&#226;&#803;t). Trong khi ti&#234;&#769;p xu&#769;c v&#417;&#769;i Chi&#768; &#417;&#777; ca&#769;c li&#234;&#768;u l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng kha&#769;c nhau &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ghi nh&#226;&#803;n la&#768; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;em la&#803;i nh&#432;&#771;ng a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng ti&#234;u c&#432;&#803;c &#273;&#234;&#769;n s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e, <strong>&#273;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y kh&#244;ng co&#769; nghi&#771;a la&#768; </strong><em><strong>mo&#803;i ti&#234;&#769;p xu&#769;c</strong></em><strong> v&#417;&#769;i Chi&#768; &#273;&#234;&#768;u nguy hi&#234;&#777;m. Li&#234;&#768;u l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng la&#768;m n&#234;n ch&#226;&#769;t &#273;&#244;&#803;c.</strong> &#272;&#226;y la&#768; li&#769; do vi&#768; sao ca&#769;c c&#417; quan c&#244;ng quy&#234;&#768;n phu&#803; tra&#769;ch s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e c&#244;&#803;ng &#273;&#244;&#768;ng &#273;&#432;a ra nh&#432;&#771;ng chi&#777; d&#226;&#771;n v&#234;&#768; l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng ti&#234;u thu&#803; tham kha&#777;o cho Chi&#768;, cu&#771;ng nh&#432; kim loa&#803;i n&#259;&#803;ng no&#769;i chung, da&#768;nh cho ca&#769;c nho&#769;m &#273;&#244;&#769;i t&#432;&#417;&#803;ng kha&#769;c nhau</p><p>(nh&#432; &#273;&#234;&#768; c&#226;&#803;p &#417;&#777; tr&#234;n, FDA &#273;&#432;a ra ng&#432;&#417;&#771;ng tham kha&#777;o v&#234;&#768; l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng ti&#234;u thu&#803; t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a la&#768; 3.5 mcg/nga&#768;y cho tre&#777; em, 8.8 mcg/nga&#768;y cho phu&#803; n&#432;&#771; &#273;ang &#417;&#777; &#273;&#244;&#803; tu&#244;&#777;i mang thai, va&#768; 12.5 mcg/nga&#768;y cho ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i l&#417;&#769;n (Vi&#234;&#803;t Nam hi&#234;&#803;n kh&#244;ng co&#769; nh&#432;&#771;ng quy chu&#226;&#777;n t&#432;&#417;ng t&#432;&#803;, nh&#432;ng <a href="https://suckhoedoisong.vn/tiem-an-nguy-co-nhiem-doc-chi-169211029093248782.htm#:~:text=g%E1%BA%A7n%20m%E1%BB%99t%20n%E1%BB%ADa%20tr%E1%BA%BB%20m%E1%BA%ABu%20gi%C3%A1o%20tham%20gia%20nghi%C3%AAn%20c%E1%BB%A9u%20c%C3%B3%20n%E1%BB%93ng%20%C4%91%E1%BB%99%20ch%C3%AC%20m%C3%A1u%20cao%20h%C6%A1n%20gi%C3%A1%20tr%E1%BB%8B%20tham%20chi%E1%BA%BFu%20c%E1%BB%A7a%20CDC%20M%E1%BB%B9">ca&#769;c c&#417; quan &#417;&#777; Vi&#234;&#803;t Nam th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng xuy&#234;n d&#226;&#771;n ch&#432;&#769;ng ca&#769;c d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n t&#432;&#768; My&#771;</a>).</p><p>Nh&#432;&#771;ng gia&#769; tri&#803; na&#768;y &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#273;&#432;a ra d&#432;&#803;a tr&#234;n nh&#432;&#771;ng d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n khoa ho&#803;c th&#432;&#803;c ti&#234;&#771;n ghi nh&#226;&#803;n quan h&#234;&#803; gi&#432;&#771;a l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng ti&#234;u thu&#803; Chi&#768;, n&#244;&#768;ng &#273;&#244;&#803; Chi&#768; trong ma&#769;u va&#768; a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng &#273;&#234;&#769;n s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e, va&#768; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c a&#769;p th&#234;m h&#234;&#803; s&#244;&#769; an toa&#768;n g&#226;&#769;p 10 l&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#234;&#777; pho&#768;ng tra&#769;nh t&#244;&#769;i &#273;a, va&#768; chu&#769;ng ti&#234;&#769;p tu&#803;c &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c c&#226;&#803;p nh&#226;&#803;t &#273;i&#803;nh ky&#768; d&#432;&#803;a tr&#234;n nh&#432;&#771;ng d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ti&#769;ch lu&#771;y theo th&#417;&#768;i gian.</p><p>Thay vi&#768; sa va&#768;o &#8220;n&#244;&#771;i s&#417;&#803; ho&#769;a ch&#226;&#769;t&#8221; (<em>chemophobia</em>) v&#244; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u ki&#234;&#803;n &#273;ang tr&#417;&#777; n&#234;n ph&#244;&#777; bi&#234;&#769;n tr&#234;n ma&#803;ng xa&#771; h&#244;&#803;i, ba&#803;n &#273;o&#803;c co&#769; th&#234;&#777; t&#432;&#803; ti&#768;m hi&#234;&#777;u v&#234;&#768; li&#234;&#768;u l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng an toa&#768;n (hay i&#769;t nh&#226;&#769;t kh&#244;ng g&#226;y ha&#803;i) &#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i ba&#777;n th&#226;n, va&#768; ca&#769;c ngu&#244;&#768;n ti&#234;&#769;p xu&#769;c ti&#234;&#768;m ta&#768;ng v&#417;&#769;i Chi&#768; (hay b&#226;&#769;t c&#432;&#769; h&#417;&#803;p ch&#226;&#769;t na&#768;o kha&#769;c), t&#432;&#768; ca&#769;c chi&#777; d&#226;&#771;n va&#768; ti&#234;u chu&#226;&#777;n cu&#777;a ca&#769;c c&#417; quan c&#244;ng quy&#234;&#768;n phu&#803; tra&#769;ch s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e c&#244;&#803;ng &#273;&#244;&#768;ng cu&#771;ng nh&#432; ca&#769;c ngu&#244;&#768;n th&#244;ng tin khoa ho&#803;c &#273;a&#769;ng tin c&#226;&#803;y, va&#768; t&#432;&#803; &#273;&#432;a ra quy&#234;&#769;t &#273;i&#803;nh d&#432;&#803;a tr&#234;n nh&#432;&#771;ng th&#244;ng tin na&#768;y.</p><p>C&#226;u chuy&#234;&#803;n v&#234;&#768; Chi&#768; hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i i&#769;t nhi&#234;&#768;u co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c li&#234;n h&#234;&#803; v&#417;&#769;i m&#244;&#803;t h&#417;&#803;p ch&#226;&#769;t kha&#769;c - ca&#769;c ch&#226;&#769;t ta&#803;o ngo&#803;t nh&#226;n ta&#803;o (<em>artificial sweetener</em>) - &#273;a&#771; tr&#417;&#777; tha&#768;nh t&#226;m &#273;i&#234;&#777;m cu&#777;a gi&#417;&#769;i truy&#234;&#768;n th&#244;ng g&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#226;y khi chu&#769;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c IARC (c&#417; quan chuy&#234;n tra&#769;ch v&#234;&#768; ung th&#432; cu&#777;a WHO) x&#234;&#769;p ha&#803;ng trong nho&#769;m 2B thu&#244;&#803;c danh sa&#769;ch ca&#769;c ch&#226;&#769;t co&#769; ti&#234;&#768;m n&#259;ng g&#226;y ung th&#432;, khi lo nga&#803;i v&#234;&#768; nguy c&#417; g&#226;y ung th&#432; cu&#777;a h&#417;&#803;p ch&#226;&#769;t na&#768;y bi&#803; th&#244;&#777;i ph&#244;&#768;ng b&#417;&#777;i s&#432;&#803; thi&#234;&#769;u hi&#234;&#777;u bi&#234;&#769;t v&#234;&#768; c&#417; ch&#234;&#769; &#273;&#259;&#768;ng sau ca&#769;ch nh&#432;&#771;ng h&#417;&#803;p ch&#226;&#769;t na&#768;y &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c x&#234;&#769;p ha&#803;ng, t&#244;&#777;ng th&#234;&#777; b&#259;&#768;ng ch&#432;&#769;ng khoa ho&#803;c v&#234;&#768; h&#417;&#803;p ch&#226;&#769;t na&#768;y va&#768; s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e, va&#768; t&#432; duy ngu&#803;y bi&#234;&#803;n &#8220;t&#432;&#803; nhi&#234;n la&#768; t&#244;&#769;t h&#417;n&#8221;.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Neyn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F85058c7f-3332-4494-9354-439b01b80614_1033x1097.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Neyn!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F85058c7f-3332-4494-9354-439b01b80614_1033x1097.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Neyn!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F85058c7f-3332-4494-9354-439b01b80614_1033x1097.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Neyn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F85058c7f-3332-4494-9354-439b01b80614_1033x1097.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Neyn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F85058c7f-3332-4494-9354-439b01b80614_1033x1097.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Neyn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F85058c7f-3332-4494-9354-439b01b80614_1033x1097.png" width="584" height="620.1819941916748" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/85058c7f-3332-4494-9354-439b01b80614_1033x1097.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1097,&quot;width&quot;:1033,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:584,&quot;bytes&quot;:929897,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/179296837?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F85058c7f-3332-4494-9354-439b01b80614_1033x1097.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Neyn!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F85058c7f-3332-4494-9354-439b01b80614_1033x1097.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Neyn!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F85058c7f-3332-4494-9354-439b01b80614_1033x1097.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Neyn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F85058c7f-3332-4494-9354-439b01b80614_1033x1097.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Neyn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F85058c7f-3332-4494-9354-439b01b80614_1033x1097.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Tri&#769;ch t&#432;&#768; ba&#768;i vi&#234;&#769;t &#8220;<strong>&#272;&#7856;NG SAU &#8220;T&#205;T B&#193;O&#8221;: ASPARTAME V&#192; NGUY C&#416; M&#7854;C UNG TH&#431;</strong>&#8221; trong <strong>T&#226;&#803;p San S&#244;&#769; 08/2023</strong>.</figcaption></figure></div><p>Cu&#771;ng xoay quanh nh&#226;&#803;n th&#432;&#769;c v&#234;&#768; th&#244;ng tin li&#234;n quan &#273;&#234;&#769;n m&#244;&#803;t chu&#777; &#273;&#234;&#768;, m&#244;&#803;t &#273;i&#234;&#768;u kha&#769;c se&#771; co&#769; i&#769;ch la&#768; hi&#234;&#777;u &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#273;&#244;&#803;ng c&#417; hoa&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803;ng cu&#777;a k&#234;nh truy&#234;&#768;n ba&#769; m&#244;&#803;t lu&#244;&#768;ng th&#244;ng tin hay quan &#273;i&#234;&#777;m cu&#803; th&#234;&#777;. Consumer Report la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t nho&#769;m v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng ha&#768;nh lang ta&#803;i Hoa Ky&#768;, ch&#432;&#769; kh&#244;ng pha&#777;i la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t t&#244;&#777; ch&#432;&#769;c <em>khoa ho&#803;c</em>. &#272;&#244;&#803;ng c&#417; cu&#777;a t&#244;&#777; ch&#432;&#769;c na&#768;y la&#768; thu&#769;c &#273;&#226;&#777;y nh&#432;&#771;ng chi&#769;nh sa&#769;ch co&#769; l&#417;&#803;i cho nh&#432;&#771;ng nha&#768; ta&#768;i t&#417;&#803; cu&#777;a ho&#803;, cu&#771;ng nh&#432; ta&#803;o doanh thu t&#432;&#768; phi&#769; &#273;&#259;ng ky&#769; h&#244;&#803;i vi&#234;n va&#768; &#273;&#259;ng ky&#769; tem ch&#432;&#769;ng nh&#226;&#803;n cho sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m, thay vi&#768; s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e c&#244;&#803;ng &#273;&#244;&#768;ng. Nho&#769;m na&#768;y &#273;a&#771; co&#769; ti&#234;&#768;n s&#432;&#777; lan truy&#234;&#768;n nh&#432;&#771;ng th&#244;ng tin mang ti&#769;nh hu&#768; do&#803;a v&#234;&#768; s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e, nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng co&#769; c&#417; s&#417;&#777; khoa ho&#803;c, ta&#803;i Hoa Ky&#768;, cu&#803; th&#234;&#777; la&#768; n&#244;&#771;i s&#417;&#803; ch&#226;&#769;t ho&#769;a ho&#803;c nh&#432; nh&#432;&#771;ng c&#226;u chuy&#234;&#803;n g&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#226;y xoay quanh nguy c&#417; t&#432;&#768; <a href="https://news.immunologic.org/p/harmful-levels-of-lead-in-tampons?utm_campaign=post&amp;utm_medium=web">Chi&#768; trong b&#259;ng v&#234;&#803; sinh</a>, <a href="https://news.immunologic.org/p/no-conventional-produce-doesnt-have?utm_campaign=post&amp;utm_medium=web">thu&#244;&#769;c tr&#432;&#768; s&#226;u trong n&#244;ng sa&#777;n</a>, hay <a href="https://labmuffin.com/is-synthetic-braiding-hair-giving-people-cancer-breaking-down-consumer-reports-tests/">ch&#226;&#769;t g&#226;y ung th&#432; trong sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m ta&#803;o ki&#234;&#777;u to&#769;c</a>.</p><h3><strong>Hi&#234;&#803;n tra&#803;ng v&#234;&#768; thi&#803; tr&#432;&#417;&#768;ng th&#432;&#803;c ph&#226;&#777;m b&#244;&#777; sung</strong></h3><p>M&#259;&#803;c du&#768; co&#769; n&#234;&#768;n ta&#777;ng khoa ho&#803;c v&#234;&#768; dinh d&#432;&#417;&#771;ng va&#768; s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e &#273;&#244;&#768; s&#244;&#803;,, Hoa Ky&#768; co&#769; h&#234;&#803; th&#244;&#769;ng qua&#777;n ly&#769; th&#432;&#803;c ph&#226;&#777;m ch&#432;&#769;c n&#259;ng kha&#769; lo&#777;ng le&#777;o.</p><p>Lu&#226;&#803;t S&#432;&#769;c Kho&#777;e va&#768; Gia&#769;o Du&#803;c V&#234;&#768; Th&#432;&#803;c Ph&#226;&#777;m B&#244;&#777; Sung n&#259;m 1994 (<a href="https://news.immunologic.org/p/dietary-supplements-are-not-regulated">1994 Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act</a>) cu&#777;a Hoa Ky&#768; u&#777;ng h&#244;&#803; kha&#769;i ni&#234;&#803;m &#8220;t&#432;&#803; do s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e&#8221; (<em>health freedom</em>), v&#417;&#769;i 3 &#273;&#259;&#803;c &#273;i&#234;&#777;m chi&#769;nh sau:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Kh&#244;ng &#273;o&#768;i ho&#777;i ki&#234;&#777;m nghi&#234;&#803;m an toa&#768;n tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c khi &#273;&#432;a ra thi&#803; tr&#432;&#417;&#768;ng</strong>: ca&#769;c c&#244;ng ty th&#432;&#803;c ph&#226;&#777;m b&#244;&#777; sung co&#769; th&#234;&#777; ba&#769;n m&#244;&#803;t sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m m&#417;&#769;i ngay l&#226;&#803;p t&#432;&#769;c ma&#768; kh&#244;ng c&#226;&#768;n tra&#777;i qua &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769; b&#417;&#777;i FDA.</p></li><li><p><strong>Kh&#244;ng &#273;o&#768;i ho&#777;i d&#432;&#771; ki&#234;&#803;n v&#234;&#768; hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777;:</strong> ho&#803; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;&#432;a ra nh&#432;&#771;ng tuy&#234;n b&#244;&#769; v&#234;&#768; l&#417;&#803;i i&#769;ch ma&#768; kh&#244;ng c&#226;&#768;n ch&#432;&#769;ng minh.</p></li><li><p><strong>Kh&#244;ng co&#769; ti&#234;u chu&#226;&#777;n nh&#226;&#769;t qua&#769;n v&#234;&#768; ta&#803;p ch&#226;&#769;t</strong>: Tr&#432;&#768; khi m&#244;&#803;t sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m &#273;a&#771; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ch&#432;&#769;ng minh la&#768; co&#769; g&#226;y ha&#803;i, FDA kh&#244;ng co&#769; th&#226;&#777;m quy&#234;&#768;n y&#234;u c&#226;&#768;u ru&#769;t no&#769; kho&#777;i thi&#803; tr&#432;&#417;&#768;ng.</p></li></ul><p>Vi&#768; v&#226;&#803;y, Hoa Ky&#768; cu&#771;ng la&#768; n&#417;i xu&#226;&#769;t x&#432;&#769; va&#768; pha&#769;t ta&#769;n cu&#777;a nhi&#234;&#768;u tra&#768;o l&#432;u s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e va&#768; th&#234;&#777; ch&#226;&#769;t co&#769; c&#417; s&#417;&#777; khoa ho&#803;c t&#432;&#768; &#273;a&#769;ng nghi ng&#417;&#768; &#273;&#234;&#769;n v&#244; c&#259;n c&#432;&#769;, va&#768; th&#226;&#803;m chi&#769; pha&#777;n khoa ho&#803;c va&#768; tr&#432;&#803;c ti&#234;&#769;p g&#226;y ha&#803;i cho s&#432;&#769;c kho&#777;e v&#234;&#768; l&#226;u da&#768;i.</p><p>&#416;&#777; Vi&#234;&#803;t Nam, m&#259;&#803;c du&#768; co&#769; t&#244;&#768;n ta&#803;i khung pha&#769;p ly&#769; qua&#777;n ly&#769; hoa&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803;ng kinh doanh th&#432;&#803;c ph&#226;&#777;m ch&#432;&#769;c n&#259;ng, thi&#803; tr&#432;&#417;&#768;ng th&#432;&#803;c ph&#226;&#777;m b&#244;&#777; sung va&#768; th&#432;&#803;c ph&#226;&#777;m ch&#432;&#769;c n&#259;ng &#417;&#777; Vi&#234;&#803;t Nam cu&#771;ng kho&#769; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; coi la&#768; &#273;a&#777;m ba&#777;o h&#417;n, nh&#226;&#769;t la&#768; v&#417;&#769;i s&#432;&#803; pha&#769;t tri&#234;&#777;n cu&#777;a hoa&#803;t &#273;&#244;&#803;ng kinh doanh qua ca&#769;c k&#234;nh ba&#769;n ha&#768;ng tr&#432;&#803;c tuy&#234;&#769;n hay th&#244;ng qua ma&#803;ng xa&#771; h&#244;&#803;i. M&#244;&#803;t vi&#769; du&#803; &#273;i&#234;&#777;n hi&#768;nh la&#768; ca&#769;c loa&#803;i sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m <em>tra&#768; gia&#777;m c&#226;n</em> v&#226;&#771;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ba&#769;n kha&#769; r&#244;&#803;ng ra&#771;i qua ca&#769;c k&#234;nh kh&#244;ng chi&#769;nh th&#244;&#769;ng, m&#259;&#803;c du&#768; ch&#432;a &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ki&#234;&#777;m nghi&#234;&#803;m co&#769; hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; hay &#273;a&#777;m ba&#777;o an toa&#768;n cho s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng. B&#234;n ca&#803;nh &#273;o&#769;, m&#244;&#803;t khi&#769;a ca&#803;nh li&#234;n quan la&#768; ti&#768;nh tra&#803;ng ca&#769;c hu&#226;&#769;n luy&#234;&#803;n vi&#234;n ca&#769; nh&#226;n va&#768; ca&#769;c &#8220;health coach&#8221;, b&#234;n ca&#803;nh vai tro&#768; la&#768;m k&#234;nh ph&#226;n ph&#244;&#769;i va&#768; ba&#769;n th&#432;&#803;c ph&#226;&#777;m ch&#432;&#769;c n&#259;ng, co&#768;n chi&#777; &#273;i&#803;nh va&#768; &#8220;k&#234; &#273;&#417;n&#8221; th&#432;&#803;c ph&#226;&#777;m ch&#432;&#769;c n&#259;ng cho kha&#769;ch ha&#768;ng s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng.</p><h2>&#272;&#432;&#768;ng bi&#803; hoang mang b&#417;&#777;i ti&#769;t ba&#769;o</h2><p>Ca&#769;c ti&#769;t ba&#769;o th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng co&#769; th&#234;&#777; khi&#234;&#769;n nhi&#234;&#768;u ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i trong chu&#769;ng ta &#8220;nhi&#768;n c&#226;y l&#417;&#771; r&#432;&#768;ng&#8221; - m&#226;&#769;t th&#417;&#768;i gian &#273;oa&#769;n xem li&#234;&#803;u &#273;&#244;&#777;i sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m b&#244;&#803;t Protein co&#769; la&#768;m gia&#777;m m&#432;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; ph&#417;i nhi&#234;&#771;m Chi&#768; se&#771; kh&#244;ng co&#769; a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng l&#417;&#769;n b&#259;&#768;ng vi&#234;&#803;c ti&#234;u thu&#803; &#273;u&#777; l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng rau cu&#777; qua&#777;, ngu&#771; c&#244;&#769;c, s&#432;&#771;a, Protein na&#803;c va&#768; ca&#769; co&#769; d&#226;&#768;u &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c khuy&#234;&#769;n ca&#769;o. M&#244;&#803;t <strong>ch&#234;&#769; &#273;&#244;&#803; &#259;n</strong> nh&#226;&#769;t qua&#769;n v&#417;&#769;i nh&#432;&#771;ng chi&#777; d&#226;&#771;n dinh d&#432;&#417;&#771;ng c&#244;&#803;ng &#273;&#244;&#768;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769; r&#244;&#803;ng ra&#771;i la&#768; co&#769; ti&#769;nh ba&#777;o v&#234;&#803; tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c b&#234;&#803;nh ma&#771;n ti&#769;nh, va&#768; ch&#432;&#769;a &#273;u&#777; l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng vi ch&#226;&#769;t nh&#432; Canxi va&#768; S&#259;&#769;t co&#769; th&#234;&#777; giu&#769;p la&#768;m gia&#777;m h&#226;&#769;p thu&#803; Chi&#768; va&#768; a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng &#273;&#244;&#803;c ha&#803;i cu&#777;a no&#769;. N&#234;&#769;u chi&#777; phu&#803; thu&#244;&#803;c va&#768;o b&#244;&#803;t Protein, kha&#777; n&#259;ng la&#768; ch&#234;&#769; &#273;&#244;&#803; &#259;n cu&#777;a ba&#803;n co&#769; nhi&#234;&#768;u v&#226;&#769;n &#273;&#234;&#768; c&#417; ba&#777;n h&#417;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n.</p><p>B&#234;n ca&#803;nh &#273;o&#769;, ba&#803;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;&#432;a ra l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n kha&#769;c v&#234;&#768; b&#244;&#803;t Protein ma&#768; mi&#768;nh s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng. Ca&#769;c loa&#803;i b&#244;&#803;t Protein t&#432;&#768; th&#432;&#803;c v&#226;&#803;t nhi&#768;n chung th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng co&#769; ha&#768;m l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng Chi&#768; cao h&#417;n so v&#417;&#769;i b&#244;&#803;t Protein t&#432;&#768; s&#432;&#771;a (Whey). &#272;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y kh&#244;ng qua&#769; nga&#803;c nhi&#234;n vi&#768; th&#432;&#803;c v&#226;&#803;t no&#769;i chung th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng h&#226;&#769;p thu&#803; ta&#803;p ch&#226;&#769;t t&#432;&#768; &#273;&#226;&#769;t. Vi&#768; v&#226;&#803;y, n&#234;&#769;u lo nga&#803;i v&#234;&#768; ph&#417;i nhi&#234;&#771;m Chi&#768;, ba&#803;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; c&#226;n nh&#259;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#777;i t&#432;&#768; b&#244;&#803;t Protein th&#432;&#803;c v&#226;&#803;t sang b&#244;&#803;t Protein t&#432;&#768; &#273;&#244;&#803;ng v&#226;&#803;t (S&#432;&#771;a, tr&#432;&#769;ng, v.v.). Du&#768; v&#226;&#803;y, ca&#769;c sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m t&#432;&#768; th&#432;&#803;c v&#226;&#803;t v&#417;&#769;i quy tri&#768;nh sa&#777;n xu&#226;&#769;t ch&#226;&#769;t l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng cao se&#771; co&#769; ha&#768;m l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng kim loa&#803;i n&#259;&#803;ng r&#226;&#769;t th&#226;&#769;p. B&#226;&#769;t lu&#226;&#803;n th&#234;&#769; na&#768;o, m&#244;&#803;t g&#417;&#803;i y&#769; chung la&#768; <strong>mua Protein &#417;&#777; ca&#769;c th&#432;&#417;ng hi&#234;&#803;u uy ti&#769;n</strong>. Nh&#432;&#771;ng th&#432;&#417;ng hi&#234;&#803;u uy ti&#769;n th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng t&#432;&#803; ti&#234;&#769;n ha&#768;nh ki&#234;&#777;m soa&#769;t ch&#226;&#769;t l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m va&#768; tri&#768;nh ba&#768;y nh&#432;&#771;ng k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; na&#768;y m&#244;&#803;t ca&#769;ch minh ba&#803;ch t&#417;&#769;i kha&#769;ch ha&#768;ng. Ha&#771;y ki&#234;&#777;m tra ca&#769;c sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m ma&#768; ba&#803;n &#273;i&#803;nh mua va&#768; ti&#768;m xem chu&#769;ng co&#769; th&#244;ng ba&#769;o ha&#768;m l&#432;&#417;&#803;ng kim loa&#803;i n&#259;&#803;ng hay kh&#244;ng.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QMBy!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3ec06e7-b305-4672-8051-d49027583aff_1029x1079.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QMBy!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3ec06e7-b305-4672-8051-d49027583aff_1029x1079.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QMBy!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3ec06e7-b305-4672-8051-d49027583aff_1029x1079.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QMBy!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3ec06e7-b305-4672-8051-d49027583aff_1029x1079.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QMBy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3ec06e7-b305-4672-8051-d49027583aff_1029x1079.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QMBy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3ec06e7-b305-4672-8051-d49027583aff_1029x1079.png" width="530" height="555.7531584062197" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QMBy!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3ec06e7-b305-4672-8051-d49027583aff_1029x1079.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QMBy!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3ec06e7-b305-4672-8051-d49027583aff_1029x1079.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QMBy!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3ec06e7-b305-4672-8051-d49027583aff_1029x1079.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QMBy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc3ec06e7-b305-4672-8051-d49027583aff_1029x1079.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Vi&#769; du&#803; minh ho&#803;a m&#244;&#803;t sa&#777;n ph&#226;&#777;m Whey Protein <a href="https://ostrovit.com/en/products/ostrovit-100-whey-protein-700-g-26373.html?srsltid=AfmBOoqVGQV_Fni3-G9nAsHtrsKhm45bylFuz4sHVzFF6v9mTdOpjF37#:~:text=Laboratory%2Dconfirmed%20quality">co&#769; &#273;i ke&#768;m k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; xe&#769;t nghi&#234;&#803;m kim loa&#803;i n&#259;&#803;ng</a>.</figcaption></figure></div><div><hr></div><h1>Ca&#769;c n&#244;&#803;i dung kha&#769;c &#273;a&#769;ng tham kha&#777;o</h1><div id="youtube2-IVpI2iNCfos" class="youtube-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;videoId&quot;:&quot;IVpI2iNCfos&quot;,&quot;startTime&quot;:null,&quot;endTime&quot;:null}" data-component-name="Youtube2ToDOM"><div class="youtube-inner"><iframe src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/IVpI2iNCfos?rel=0&amp;autoplay=0&amp;showinfo=0&amp;enablejsapi=0" frameborder="0" loading="lazy" gesture="media" allow="autoplay; fullscreen" allowautoplay="true" allowfullscreen="true" width="728" height="409"></iframe></div></div><div class="instagram-embed-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;instagram_id&quot;:&quot;DP4r4NfEoKp&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Kevin C. 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Come for the science, stay for the snark. &#128232; drandrealove@immunologic.org &quot;,&quot;profile_set_up_at&quot;:&quot;2023-11-16T12:35:40.952Z&quot;,&quot;reader_installed_at&quot;:&quot;2024-01-20T13:15:50.136Z&quot;,&quot;publicationUsers&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:2114383,&quot;user_id&quot;:8792413,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2109759,&quot;role&quot;:&quot;admin&quot;,&quot;public&quot;:true,&quot;is_primary&quot;:true,&quot;publication&quot;:{&quot;id&quot;:2109759,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Dr. Andrea Love | ImmunoLogic&quot;,&quot;subdomain&quot;:&quot;immunologic&quot;,&quot;custom_domain&quot;:&quot;news.immunologic.org&quot;,&quot;custom_domain_optional&quot;:false,&quot;hero_text&quot;:&quot;Immunity to misinformation starts here: the facts, the fiction, and the fraud around science and health topics.&quot;,&quot;logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d72f3529-38a5-4df0-ab84-7d746836fc38_800x800.png&quot;,&quot;author_id&quot;:8792413,&quot;primary_user_id&quot;:8792413,&quot;theme_var_background_pop&quot;:&quot;#EA82FF&quot;,&quot;created_at&quot;:&quot;2023-11-16T12:35:44.678Z&quot;,&quot;email_from_name&quot;:&quot;Dr. Andrea Love | ImmunoLogic&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;ImmunoLogic&quot;,&quot;founding_plan_name&quot;:&quot;Founding Member&quot;,&quot;community_enabled&quot;:true,&quot;invite_only&quot;:false,&quot;payments_state&quot;:&quot;enabled&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:null,&quot;explicit&quot;:false,&quot;homepage_type&quot;:&quot;magaziney&quot;,&quot;is_personal_mode&quot;:false}}],&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:100,&quot;status&quot;:{&quot;bestsellerTier&quot;:100,&quot;subscriberTier&quot;:null,&quot;leaderboard&quot;:null,&quot;vip&quot;:false,&quot;badge&quot;:{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;bestseller&quot;,&quot;tier&quot;:100},&quot;paidPublicationIds&quot;:[],&quot;subscriber&quot;:null}}],&quot;utm_campaign&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;,&quot;source&quot;:null}" data-component-name="EmbeddedPostToDOM"><a class="embedded-post" native="true" href="https://news.immunologic.org/p/consumer-reports-latest-panic-toxic?utm_source=substack&amp;utm_campaign=post_embed&amp;utm_medium=web"><div class="embedded-post-header"><img class="embedded-post-publication-logo" src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!97qE!,w_56,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd72f3529-38a5-4df0-ab84-7d746836fc38_800x800.png" loading="lazy"><span class="embedded-post-publication-name">Dr. Andrea Love | ImmunoLogic</span></div><div class="embedded-post-title-wrapper"><div class="embedded-post-title">Consumer Reports&#8217; Latest Panic: &#8220;Toxic&#8221; Lead in Protein Powders</div></div><div class="embedded-post-body">This newsletter is free, but consider supporting a biomedical scientist trying to combat the war on health by upgrading to a paid subscription&#8230;</div><div class="embedded-post-cta-wrapper"><span class="embedded-post-cta">Read more</span></div><div class="embedded-post-meta">9 months ago &#183; 186 likes &#183; 3 comments &#183; Dr. Andrea Love</div></a></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[[Nghiên cứu mới] Xu hướng lựa chọn bài tập phục vụ cho Powerlifting]]></title><description><![CDATA[T&#226;&#803;p gi&#768; kho&#777;e n&#226;&#769;y, nh&#432;ng &#273;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c a&#769;p du&#803;ng th&#234;&#769; na&#768;o trong b&#244;&#803; m&#244;n Powerlifting? M&#244;&#803;t nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u kha&#777;o sa&#769;t g&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#226;y he&#769; l&#244;&#803; m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng ph&#244;&#777; bi&#234;&#769;n.]]></description><link>https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/nghien-cuu-moi-xu-huong-lua-chon</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/nghien-cuu-moi-xu-huong-lua-chon</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[The Thinking Trainer]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 10 Nov 2025 12:42:06 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y-dj!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5ee46682-1243-4080-b26a-831c931804e2_1920x1080.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y-dj!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5ee46682-1243-4080-b26a-831c931804e2_1920x1080.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y-dj!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5ee46682-1243-4080-b26a-831c931804e2_1920x1080.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y-dj!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5ee46682-1243-4080-b26a-831c931804e2_1920x1080.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y-dj!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5ee46682-1243-4080-b26a-831c931804e2_1920x1080.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y-dj!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5ee46682-1243-4080-b26a-831c931804e2_1920x1080.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y-dj!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5ee46682-1243-4080-b26a-831c931804e2_1920x1080.png" width="1456" height="819" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5ee46682-1243-4080-b26a-831c931804e2_1920x1080.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:819,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:636724,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/178493453?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5ee46682-1243-4080-b26a-831c931804e2_1920x1080.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y-dj!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5ee46682-1243-4080-b26a-831c931804e2_1920x1080.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y-dj!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5ee46682-1243-4080-b26a-831c931804e2_1920x1080.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y-dj!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5ee46682-1243-4080-b26a-831c931804e2_1920x1080.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!y-dj!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5ee46682-1243-4080-b26a-831c931804e2_1920x1080.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>V&#417;&#769;i tro&#803;ng t&#226;m xoay quanh 3 &#273;&#244;&#803;ng ta&#769;c thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u chi&#769;nh - Squat, Bench Press, Deadlift - &#432;&#769;ng du&#803;ng nguy&#234;n t&#259;&#769;c chuy&#234;n bi&#234;&#803;t (specificity) trong l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t &#273;i&#234;&#768;u thi&#234;&#769;t y&#234;&#769;u trong qua&#769; tri&#768;nh ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n tha&#768;nh ti&#769;ch cu&#777;a b&#244;&#803; m&#244;n Powerlifting. Tuy nhi&#234;n, nguy&#234;n t&#259;&#769;c na&#768;y &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c &#432;&#769;ng du&#803;ng th&#432;&#803;c t&#234;&#769; ra sao?</p><p>M&#244;&#803;t nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c xu&#226;&#769;t ba&#777;n g&#226;&#768;n &#273;&#226;y tr&#234;n t&#417;&#768; ba&#769;o khoa ho&#803;c &#8220;<em>Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research</em>&#8221; (JSCR) b&#417;&#777;i &#8220;Amdi va&#768; &#273;o&#768;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p&#8221; (link <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41166696/">ta&#803;i &#273;&#226;y</a>) kha&#769;m pha&#769; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u na&#768;y th&#244;ng qua kha&#777;o sa&#769;t xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p cu&#777;a 548 v&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng vi&#234;n Powerlifting tri&#768;nh &#273;&#244;&#803; cao (44% thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u &#417;&#777; c&#226;&#769;p &#273;&#244;&#803; vu&#768;ng, 40% &#417;&#777; c&#226;&#769;p qu&#244;&#769;c gia, va&#768; 17% &#417;&#777; c&#226;&#769;p qu&#244;&#769;c t&#234;&#769;; ~30% trong &#273;o&#769; la&#768; n&#432;&#771; gi&#417;&#769;i). Ba&#768;i vi&#234;&#769;t na&#768;y se&#771; t&#244;&#777;ng h&#417;&#803;p nh&#432;&#771;ng &#273;i&#234;&#777;m chi&#769;nh (<em>key findings</em>) &#273;a&#769;ng chu&#769; y&#769; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ta&#769;c gia&#777; &#273;&#432;&#769;ng t&#234;n &#273;&#226;&#768;u cu&#777;a nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u, <em>Christian Houmann Amdi, </em>chia se&#777; tr&#234;n Instagram ca&#769; nh&#226;n</p><div class="instagram-embed-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;instagram_id&quot;:&quot;DQvpHJDEwVq&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Christian Amdi, Physio | PhD(c) (Powerlifting) on Instagram: \&quot;M&#8230;&quot;,&quot;author_name&quot;:&quot;@amdipt&quot;,&quot;thumbnail_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/__ss-rehost__IG-meta-DQvpHJDEwVq.jpg&quot;,&quot;like_count&quot;:null,&quot;comment_count&quot;:null,&quot;profile_pic_url&quot;:null,&quot;follower_count&quot;:null,&quot;timestamp&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false}" data-component-name="InstagramToDOM"></div><h1>Xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n</h1><p>Amdi chi&#777; ra nh&#432;&#771;ng xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n sau &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ghi nh&#226;&#803;n &#417;&#777; nh&#432;&#771;ng V&#272;V Powerlifting &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c kha&#777;o sa&#769;t.</p><h2><strong>T&#226;&#768;n su&#226;&#769;t t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n</strong></h2><p>Ca&#769;c V&#272;V t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n trung bi&#768;nh 4.3 l&#226;&#768;n/tu&#226;&#768;n (co&#769; th&#234;&#777; hi&#234;&#777;u la&#768; s&#244;&#769; bu&#244;&#777;i t&#226;&#803;p m&#244;&#771;i tu&#226;&#768;n), th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n ca&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803;ng ta&#769;c Squat, Bench Press, va&#768; Deadlift theo th&#234;&#777; th&#432;&#769;c thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u hay <em><strong>comp lifts</strong></em> (l&#226;&#768;n l&#432;&#417;&#803;t) 1.6, 2.5 va&#768; 1.4 l&#226;&#768;n m&#244;&#771;i tu&#226;&#768;n. G&#226;&#768;n nh&#432; mo&#803;i V&#272;V (&#8805; 97.5%) &#273;&#234;&#768;u s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p b&#244;&#777; tr&#417;&#803;.</p><h2><strong>Squat</strong></h2><p>Ca&#769;c bi&#234;&#769;n th&#234;&#777; v&#417;&#769;i ta&#803; &#273;o&#768;n va&#768; ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p b&#244;&#777; tr&#417;&#803; kha&#769;c &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng l&#226;&#768;n l&#432;&#417;&#803;t la&#768; 1.5 va&#768; 1.7 l&#226;&#768;n m&#244;&#771;i tu&#226;&#768;n.</p><p>Ca&#769;c bi&#234;&#769;n th&#234;&#777; Squat th&#244;ng du&#803;ng bao g&#244;&#768;m:</p><ul><li><p><em><strong>Pause Squat,</strong></em> hay Squat co&#769; th&#234;m qua&#771;ng d&#432;&#768;ng &#417;&#777; m&#244;&#803;t &#273;i&#234;&#777;m trong khoa&#777;ng ROM, vd: &#273;i&#234;&#777;m th&#226;&#769;p nh&#226;&#769;t (&#8221;trong h&#244;&#769;&#8221;);</p></li><li><p><em><strong>Squat v&#417;&#769;i vi&#803; tri&#769; &#273;&#259;&#803;t ta&#803; kha&#769;c</strong></em> (vd: High bar vs. Low bar)</p></li><li><p><em><strong>Squat v&#417;&#769;i pha Eccentric (&#273;i xu&#244;&#769;ng) ch&#226;&#803;m (h&#417;n)</strong></em></p></li></ul><p>Ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p b&#244;&#777; tr&#417;&#803; th&#244;ng du&#803;ng bao g&#244;&#768;m</p><ul><li><p><em><strong>Ca&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803;ng ta&#769;c da&#803;ng Squat kh&#244;ng du&#768;ng ta&#803; &#273;o&#768;n, va&#768; Squat t&#432;&#768;ng b&#234;n.</strong></em></p></li><li><p><em><strong>Ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p c&#244; l&#226;&#803;p ca&#769;c c&#417; Du&#244;&#771;i H&#244;ng</strong></em> (vd: Hip Thrust cho M&#244;ng) <em><strong>va&#768; c&#417; Du&#244;&#771;i G&#244;&#769;i</strong></em> (vd: Leg Extension cho &#272;u&#768;i tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c).</p></li></ul><h2>Bench Press</h2><p>Ca&#769;c bi&#234;&#769;n th&#234;&#777; v&#417;&#769;i ta&#803; &#273;o&#768;n va&#768; ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p b&#244;&#777; tr&#417;&#803; kha&#769;c &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng l&#226;&#768;n l&#432;&#417;&#803;t la&#768; 2.1 va&#768; 2.5 l&#226;&#768;n m&#244;&#771;i tu&#226;&#768;n.</p><p>Ca&#769;c bi&#234;&#769;n th&#234;&#777; Bench Press th&#244;ng du&#803;ng bao g&#244;&#768;m:</p><ul><li><p><em><strong>Long Pause Bench</strong></em>, hay Bench v&#417;&#769;i qua&#771;ng d&#432;&#768;ng (pause) da&#768;i, th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#417;&#777; &#273;i&#234;&#777;m th&#226;&#769;p nh&#226;&#769;t cu&#777;a chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng;</p></li><li><p><em><strong>Bench v&#417;&#769;i ca&#769;c grip</strong></em> (vd: he&#803;p h&#417;n hay r&#244;&#803;ng h&#417;n) <em><strong>va&#768; go&#769;c kha&#769;c nhau</strong></em> (vd: Incline [d&#244;&#769;c l&#234;n] ho&#259;&#803;c Decline [d&#244;&#769;c xu&#244;&#769;ng] &#417;&#777; ca&#769;c go&#769;c kha&#769;c nhau) ;</p></li><li><p><em><strong>Bench v&#417;&#769;i pha Eccentric (&#273;i xu&#244;&#769;ng) ch&#226;&#803;m (h&#417;n)</strong></em>;</p></li><li><p><em><strong>Larsen Press</strong></em>, hay Bench v&#417;&#769;i ch&#226;n du&#244;&#771;i th&#259;&#777;ng kh&#244;ng cha&#803;m &#273;&#226;&#769;t (nh&#259;&#768;m tri&#234;&#803;t ti&#234;u <em>leg drive</em>)</p></li></ul><p>Ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p b&#244;&#777; tr&#417;&#803; th&#244;ng du&#803;ng bao g&#244;&#768;m</p><ul><li><p><em><strong>Ca&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803;ng ta&#769;c da&#803;ng Bench kh&#244;ng du&#768;ng ta&#803; &#273;o&#768;n</strong></em> (vd: ta&#803; &#273;&#417;n, ma&#769;y, du&#768;ng ca&#769;c thanh bar kha&#769;c).</p></li><li><p><em><strong>Ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p c&#244; l&#226;&#803;p ca&#769;c c&#417; Ng&#432;&#803;c va&#768; Tay Sau</strong></em>.</p></li></ul><h2>Deadlift</h2><p>Ca&#769;c bi&#234;&#769;n th&#234;&#777; v&#417;&#769;i ta&#803; &#273;o&#768;n va&#768; ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p b&#244;&#777; tr&#417;&#803; kha&#769;c &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng l&#226;&#768;n l&#432;&#417;&#803;t la&#768; <strong>1.3 va&#768; 1.7 l&#226;&#768;n m&#244;&#771;i tu&#226;&#768;n</strong>.</p><p>Ca&#769;c bi&#234;&#769;n th&#234;&#777; Deadlift th&#244;ng du&#803;ng bao g&#244;&#768;m:</p><ul><li><p><em><strong>Pause Deadlift</strong></em>, hay Deadlift v&#417;&#769;i qua&#771;ng d&#432;&#768;ng (pause) &#417;&#777; m&#244;&#803;t &#273;i&#234;&#777;m trong khoa&#777;ng ROM, vd: khi v&#432;&#768;a r&#417;&#768;i m&#259;&#803;t sa&#768;n, ngang g&#244;&#769;i;</p></li><li><p><em><strong>Stiff-leg Deadlift.</strong></em> hay Deadlift v&#417;&#769;i kh&#417;&#769;p G&#244;&#769;i du&#244;&#771;i th&#259;&#777;ng (thay vi&#768; g&#226;&#803;p nh&#432; Conventional hay Sump DL), chi&#777; chuy&#234;&#777;n &#273;&#244;&#803;ng &#417;&#777; kh&#417;&#769;p H&#244;ng.</p></li></ul><p>Ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p b&#244;&#777; tr&#417;&#803; th&#244;ng du&#803;ng bao g&#244;&#768;m</p><ul><li><p><em><strong>Ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p c&#244; l&#226;&#803;p ca&#769;c c&#417; Du&#244;&#771;i H&#244;ng.</strong></em></p></li></ul><h2>Reps va&#768; RPE</h2><p>Ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p trong ch&#432;&#417;ng tri&#768;nh th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n v&#417;&#769;i khoa&#777;ng Reps va&#768; RPE sau</p><ul><li><p><strong>Comp lif</strong>t: <em><strong>1-7 Reps/Set</strong></em> &#417;&#777; m&#432;&#769;c <em><strong>RPE 6-10</strong></em>,</p></li><li><p><strong>Bi&#234;&#769;n th&#234;&#777; v&#417;&#769;i thanh &#273;o&#768;n</strong>: <em><strong>4-7 Reps</strong></em> &#417;&#777; <em><strong>RPE 6-8.5</strong></em>,</p></li><li><p><strong>Ca&#769;c ba&#768;i b&#244;&#777; tr&#417;&#803;</strong>: <em><strong>&#8805; 8 Reps</strong></em>, <em><strong>RPE 6-10</strong></em></p></li></ul><h1>A&#777;NH H&#431;&#416;&#777;NG CU&#777;A TH&#416;&#768;I &#272;I&#202;&#777;M THI &#272;&#194;&#769;U</h1><h2>&#272;i&#234;&#768;u chi&#777;nh ch&#432;&#417;ng tri&#768;nh</h2><p>&#272;a s&#244;&#769; ca&#769;c V&#272;V co&#769; &#273;i&#234;&#768;u chi&#777;nh ch&#432;&#417;ng tri&#768;nh t&#226;&#803;p khi &#273;&#234;&#769;n g&#226;&#768;n h&#417;n v&#417;&#769;i nga&#768;y l&#234;n sa&#768;n, v&#417;&#769;i 88.2% &#273;i&#234;&#768;u chi&#777;nh ca&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803;ng ta&#769;c thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u, 71.7% &#273;i&#234;&#768;u chi&#777;nh ca&#769;c bi&#234;&#769;n th&#234;&#777; v&#417;&#769;i thanh &#273;o&#768;n, va&#768; 61.3% &#273;i&#234;&#768;u chi&#777;nh ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p b&#244;&#777; tr&#417;&#803;.</p><p>Nh&#432;&#771;ng thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i na&#768;y th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng bao g&#244;&#768;m <strong>t&#259;ng m&#432;&#769;c ta&#803; t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#244;&#769;i</strong> (so v&#417;&#769;i m&#432;&#769;c ta&#803; m&#244;&#769;c, th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng la&#768; 1RM hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i) <strong>va&#768; RPE cu&#777;a ca&#769;c comp lift</strong>, trong khi <strong>gia&#777;m Volume va&#768; t&#226;&#768;n su&#226;&#769;t cu&#777;a ca&#769;c bi&#234;&#769;n th&#234;&#777; va&#768; ca&#769;c ba&#768;i b&#244;&#777; tr&#417;&#803;</strong>.</p><p><strong>L&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p to&#777; ra kha&#769; nh&#226;&#769;t qua&#769;n</strong>, v&#417;&#769;i 49 - 59% v&#273;v kh&#244;ng thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p theo th&#417;&#768;i &#273;i&#234;&#777;m thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u, m&#259;&#803;c du&#768; <strong>35 - 46% co&#769; thay &#273;&#244;&#777;i</strong>.</p><h2>Cu&#803; th&#234;&#777; v&#417;&#769;i t&#432;&#768;ng comp lift</h2><p>V&#417;&#769;i <strong>Squat</strong></p><ul><li><p><em><strong>Pause Squat</strong></em> tr&#417;&#777; n&#234;n ph&#244;&#777; bi&#234;&#769;n h&#417;n khi ca&#768;ng g&#226;&#768;n v&#417;&#769;i nga&#768;y thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u,</p></li><li><p><em><strong>Ca&#769;c bi&#234;&#769;n th&#234;&#777; v&#417;&#769;i vi&#803; tri&#769; &#273;&#259;&#803;t ta&#803; kha&#769;c</strong></em> va&#768; <em><strong>ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p &#272;a kh&#417;&#769;p b&#244;&#777; tr&#417;&#803;</strong></em> &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng nhi&#234;&#768;u h&#417;n khi ca&#769;ch xa nga&#768;y thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u h&#417;n.</p></li></ul><p><strong>Bench Press</strong></p><ul><li><p><em><strong>Long Pause Squat</strong></em> tr&#417;&#777; n&#234;n ph&#244;&#777; bi&#234;&#769;n h&#417;n khi ca&#768;ng g&#226;&#768;n v&#417;&#769;i nga&#768;y thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u,</p></li><li><p><em><strong>Ca&#769;c bi&#234;&#769;n th&#234;&#777; v&#417;&#769;i &#273;&#244;&#803; r&#244;&#803;ng tay c&#226;&#768;m va&#768; go&#769;c &#273;&#226;&#777;y kha&#769;c</strong></em>, <em><strong>Larsen Press</strong></em> va&#768; <em><strong>ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p &#272;a kh&#417;&#769;p b&#244;&#777; tr&#417;&#803;</strong></em> &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng nhi&#234;&#768;u h&#417;n va&#768;o ca&#769;c giai &#273;oa&#803;n tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c &#273;o&#769;.</p></li></ul><p><strong>Deadlift</strong>:</p><ul><li><p><em><strong>Pause Deadlift</strong></em> tr&#417;&#777; n&#234;n ph&#244;&#777; bi&#234;&#769;n h&#417;n khi ca&#768;ng g&#226;&#768;n v&#417;&#769;i nga&#768;y thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u,</p></li><li><p><em><strong>Ca&#769;c bi&#234;&#769;n th&#234;&#777; v&#417;&#769;i t&#432; th&#234;&#769; kha&#769;c</strong></em> va&#768; <em><strong>Stiff-leg Deadlift</strong></em> &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng nhi&#234;&#768;u h&#417;n va&#768;o ca&#769;c giai &#273;oa&#803;n tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c &#273;o&#769;.</p></li></ul><h1>A&#777;NH H&#431;&#416;&#777;NG T&#431;&#768; &#272;&#258;&#803;C &#272;I&#202;&#777;M CA&#769; NH&#194;N CU&#777;A NG&#431;&#416;&#768;I T&#194;&#803;P</h1><p>Kha&#777;o sa&#769;t ghi nh&#226;&#803;n &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c nh&#432;&#771;ng xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng sau khi ph&#226;n loa&#803;i c&#226;u tra&#777; l&#417;&#768;i theo &#273;&#259;&#803;c &#273;i&#234;&#777;m ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p:</p><h2><strong>&#272;i&#234;&#777;m IPF GL</strong></h2><p><em>&#272;i&#234;&#777;m IPF GL cao h&#417;n</em> &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c li&#234;n h&#234;&#803; v&#417;&#769;i xa&#769;c su&#226;&#769;t cao h&#417;n cho vi&#234;&#803;c <strong>s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng m&#244;&#803;t s&#244;&#769; ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p b&#244;&#777; tr&#417;&#803;</strong> va&#768; <strong>th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n ca&#769;c comp lifts va&#768; bi&#234;&#769;n th&#234;&#777; s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng ta&#803; &#273;o&#768;n v&#417;&#769;i </strong><em><strong>RPE th&#226;&#769;p h&#417;n</strong></em>, trong khi nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p v&#417;&#769;i <em>&#273;i&#234;&#777;m s&#244;&#769; trung bi&#768;nh</em> th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng <strong>kha&#769; nhi&#234;&#768;u bi&#234;&#769;n th&#234;&#777; s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng thanh &#273;o&#768;n</strong>.</p><p>&#272;i&#234;&#777;m IPF GL (IPF Good Lift points) la&#768; m&#244;&#803;t h&#234;&#803; th&#244;&#769;ng &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769; m&#417;&#769;i &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c IPF a&#769;p du&#803;ng t&#432;&#768; tha&#769;ng 05/2020, thay cho h&#234;&#803; th&#244;&#769;ng &#273;i&#234;&#777;m IPF Point tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c &#273;o&#769; (t&#432;&#768; 2018), nh&#259;&#768;m &#273;em la&#803;i m&#244;&#803;t chi&#777; s&#244;&#769; th&#244;&#769;ng nh&#226;&#769;t &#273;&#234;&#777; &#273;a&#769;nh gia&#769; tri&#768;nh &#273;&#244;&#803; cu&#777;a m&#244;&#803;t v&#273;v Powerlifting d&#432;&#803;a tr&#234;n tha&#768;nh ti&#769;ch thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u &#417;&#777; ca&#769;c gia&#777;i IPF va&#768; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c IPF ch&#226;&#769;p thu&#226;&#803;n.</p><h2>Ha&#803;ng c&#226;n</h2><p>Nh&#432;&#771;ng V&#272;V &#417;&#777; ha&#803;ng c&#226;n t&#226;&#768;m trung (<em>middleweight.</em> bao g&#244;&#768;m 74kg va&#768; 83kg) th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng <em><strong>t&#226;&#803;p nhi&#234;&#768;u bu&#244;&#777;i h&#417;n</strong></em> va&#768; s<strong>&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng nhi&#234;&#768;u bi&#234;&#769;n th&#234;&#777; thanh &#273;o&#768;n va&#768; ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p b&#244;&#777; tr&#417;&#803; h&#417;n.</strong></p><p>Nh&#432;&#771;ng V&#272;V nhe&#803; h&#417;n th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n <em><strong>Squat va&#768; Bench Press th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng xuy&#234;n h&#417;n</strong></em>, va&#768; <em><strong>Squat v&#417;&#769;i RPE cao h&#417;n</strong></em>.</p><h2>Gi&#417;&#769;i ti&#769;nh</h2><p>Ca&#769;c V&#272;V tham gia kha&#777;o sa&#769;t la&#768; <em>n&#432;&#771; gi&#417;&#769;i</em> co&#769; xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n nhi&#234;&#768;u h&#417;n ca&#769;c bi&#234;&#769;n th&#234;&#777; v&#417;&#769;i thanh &#273;o&#768;n va&#768; ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p b&#244;&#777; tr&#417;&#803;, bao g&#244;&#768;m ca&#769;c ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p c&#244; l&#226;&#803;p c&#417; Du&#244;&#771;i h&#244;ng.</p><p>Ca&#769;c V&#272;V tham gia kha&#777;o sa&#769;t la&#768; <em>nam gi&#417;&#769;i</em> th&#432;&#417;&#768;ng s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng nhi&#234;&#768;u h&#417;n ca&#769;c bi&#234;&#769;n th&#234;&#777; <em><strong>Pause Squat, Pause Deadlift, va&#768; Long-pause Bench</strong></em><strong> khi t&#417;&#769;i g&#226;&#768;n nga&#768;y thi &#273;&#226;&#769;u</strong>.</p><h1>&#431;&#769;NG DU&#803;NG</h1><p>Tr&#432;&#417;&#769;c ti&#234;n chu&#769;ng ta c&#226;&#768;n pha&#777;i nh&#259;&#769;c &#273;&#234;&#769;n <strong>nh&#432;&#771;ng </strong><em><strong>ha&#803;n ch&#234;&#769;</strong></em> cu&#777;a nh&#432;&#771;ng pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n tr&#234;n</p><ul><li><p>&#272;&#432;&#417;&#803;c th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n theo hi&#768;nh th&#432;&#769;c kha&#777;o sa&#769;t, nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u b&#417;&#777;i &#8220;Amdi va&#768; &#273;&#244;&#768;ng nghi&#234;&#803;p&#8221; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c x&#234;&#769;p va&#768;o da&#803;ng nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u quan sa&#769;t (<em>observational research</em>) hay c&#259;&#769;t ngang (<em>cross-sectional</em>). Ha&#803;n ch&#234;&#769; chi&#769;nh cu&#777;a da&#803;ng nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u na&#768;y la&#768; kha&#777; n&#259;ng suy lu&#226;&#803;n quan h&#234;&#803; nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n - k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777;, ph&#432;&#417;ng h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng cu&#777;a hi&#234;&#803;u &#432;&#769;ng ma&#768; ca&#769;c xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n ba&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ghi nh&#226;&#803;n mang la&#803;i, va&#768; m&#432;&#769;c &#273;&#244;&#803; hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; cu&#777;a nh&#432;&#771;ng xu h&#432;&#417;&#769;ng na&#768;y, kha&#769; ha&#803;n ch&#234;&#769;.</p><ul><li><p>No&#769;i ca&#769;ch kha&#769;c, chu&#769;ng ta kh&#244;ng th&#234;&#777; bi&#234;&#769;t &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c ch&#259;&#769;c ch&#259;&#769;n li&#234;&#803;u nh&#432;&#771;ng ph&#432;&#417;ng a&#769;n na&#768;y co&#769; th&#432;&#803;c s&#432;&#803; co&#769; hi&#234;&#803;u qua&#777; &#273;&#244;&#769;i v&#417;&#769;i ca&#777;i thi&#234;&#803;n tha&#768;nh ti&#769;ch Powerlifting hay kh&#244;ng, va&#768;, n&#234;&#769;u co&#769;, no&#769; &#273;o&#769;ng vai tro&#768; bao nhi&#234;u.</p></li></ul></li><li><p>B&#234;n ca&#803;nh &#273;o&#769;, vi&#768; kha&#777;o sa&#769;t na&#768;y &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c th&#432;&#803;c hi&#234;&#803;n gi&#226;&#769;u t&#234;n va&#768; tuy&#234;&#777;n m&#244;&#803; nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i tra&#777; l&#417;&#768;i t&#432;&#768; ngu&#244;&#768;n ma&#803;ng xa&#771; h&#244;&#803;i, nh&#432;&#771;ng c&#226;u tra&#777; l&#417;&#768;i kh&#244;ng th&#234;&#777; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c xa&#769;c minh, va&#768; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; chi&#803;u a&#777;nh h&#432;&#417;&#777;ng b&#417;&#777;i thi&#234;n ki&#234;&#769;n l&#432;&#803;a cho&#803;n (<em>selection bias,</em> vd: thu hu&#769;t m&#244;&#803;t ti&#777; l&#234;&#803; l&#417;&#769;n nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p theo &#273;u&#244;&#777;i m&#244;&#803;t phong ca&#769;ch t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n cu&#803; th&#234;&#777;).</p></li><li><p>Th&#234;m va&#768;o &#273;o&#769;, k&#234;&#769;t qua&#777; kha&#777;o sa&#769;t chu&#777; y&#234;&#769;u pha&#777;n a&#769;nh nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p kho&#777;e h&#417;n, gia&#768;u kinh ngi&#234;&#803;m h&#417;n, n&#234;n ca&#769;c pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n tr&#234;n co&#769; th&#234;&#777; kh&#244;ng pha&#777;n a&#769;nh hoa&#768;n toa&#768;n nh&#432;&#771;ng tho&#769;i quen cu&#777;a nh&#432;&#771;ng ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p tri&#768;nh &#273;&#244;&#803; th&#226;&#769;p h&#417;n.</p></li></ul><p>T&#244;&#777;ng k&#234;&#769;t la&#803;i, <strong>m&#259;&#803;c du&#768; kh&#244;ng cho th&#226;&#769;y nh&#432;&#771;ng ph&#432;&#417;ng a&#769;n t&#244;&#769;t nh&#226;&#769;t, ca&#769;c pha&#769;t hi&#234;&#803;n trong nghi&#234;n c&#432;&#769;u hi&#234;&#803;n ta&#803;i chi&#777; ra nh&#432;&#771;ng ph&#432;&#417;ng a&#769;n &#273;ang &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#244;&#769;i r&#244;&#803;ng ra&#771;i, theo &#273;o&#769; co&#769; th&#234;&#777; &#273;&#432;&#417;&#803;c s&#432;&#777; du&#803;ng nh&#432; m&#244;&#803;t ngu&#244;&#768;n tham kha&#777;o &#273;&#234;&#777; ca&#769;c HLV va&#768; ng&#432;&#417;&#768;i t&#226;&#803;p</strong>. R&#244;&#769;t cu&#803;c, khi x&#226;y d&#432;&#803;ng ch&#432;&#417;ng tri&#768;nh t&#226;&#803;p cho ca&#769; nh&#226;n, nh&#432;&#771;ng y&#234;&#769;u t&#244;&#769; co&#769; ti&#769;nh ca&#769; nh&#226;n - nh&#432; kha&#777; n&#259;ng chi&#803;u a&#769;p l&#432;&#803;c, s&#417;&#777; thi&#769;ch, nh&#432;&#771;ng ha&#803;n ch&#234;&#769; t&#432;&#768; m&#244;i tr&#432;&#417;&#768;ng, l&#244;&#769;i s&#244;&#769;ng va&#768; hoa&#768;n ca&#777;nh, pha&#777;n &#432;&#769;ng v&#417;&#769;i t&#226;&#803;p luy&#234;&#803;n, va&#768; mu&#803;c ti&#234;u cu&#803; th&#234;&#777; - n&#234;n lu&#244;n la&#768; c&#417; s&#417;&#777; chi&#769;nh &#273;&#234;&#777; &#273;&#432;a ra quy&#234;&#769;t &#273;i&#803;nh.</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Training is Rehab – Rehab is Training : Tư duy hiện đại trong việc Phục hồi (Rehab)]]></title><description><![CDATA[Do hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i c&#243; 1 s&#7889; kh&#225;ch g&#7863;p v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; v&#7873; &#273;au h&#244;ng, g&#7889;i, n&#234;n g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y m&#236;nh t&#236;m hi&#7875;u nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n v&#7873; Rehab.]]></description><link>https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/training-is-rehab-rehab-is-training</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/training-is-rehab-rehab-is-training</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[The Thinking Trainer]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 16 Jun 2025 08:22:36 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/327013fe-e20f-417f-86b1-3a2093b0521b_1640x924.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Do hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i c&#243; 1 s&#7889; kh&#225;ch g&#7863;p v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; v&#7873; &#273;au h&#244;ng, g&#7889;i, n&#234;n g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y m&#236;nh t&#236;m hi&#7875;u nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n v&#7873; Rehab. V&#224; th&#7853;t t&#236;nh c&#7901;, tuy &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; c&#225;c cu&#7897;c tr&#242; chuy&#7879;n ri&#234;ng bi&#7879;t (Podcast), nh&#432;ng <strong>Dr. Quinn Henic</strong>h v&#224; <strong>Q Physio</strong>, &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; nguy&#234;n t&#7855;c l&#224;m vi&#7879;c (Rehab) xoay quanh m&#7897;t tri&#7871;t l&#253; chung:</p><p>&#8220;<strong>Rehab kh&#244;ng t&#225;ch bi&#7879;t kh&#7887;i training, m&#224; l&#224; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n trong chu&#7895;i k&#233;o d&#224;i li&#234;n t&#7909;c c&#7911;a qu&#225; tr&#236;nh ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n th&#7875; ch&#7845;t&#8221;</strong>.</p><p>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;</p><p><strong>1. </strong>&#129504;<strong> Rehab kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; m&#7897;t &#8220;v&#249;ng c&#225;ch ly&#8221; &#8211; m&#224; l&#224; t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n c&#243; chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c</strong></p><ul><li><p><strong>Dr. Quinn:</strong> M&#244; t&#7843; rehab nh&#432; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n n&#7857;m tr&#234;n ph&#7893; li&#234;n t&#7909;c c&#7911;a training, n&#417;i kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t ch&#237;nh ch&#7881; l&#224; <em>li&#7873;u l&#432;&#7907;ng, k&#7929; thu&#7853;t v&#224; m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; ch&#7883;u t&#7843;i</em>. C&#225;c b&#224;i t&#7853;p rehab (glute bridge, bird-dog...) kh&#244;ng &#8220;th&#7847;n th&#225;nh&#8221; &#8211; m&#224; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n l&#224; m&#7897;t bi&#7871;n th&#7875; kh&#225;c c&#7911;a b&#224;i t&#7853;p s&#7913;c m&#7841;nh.</p></li><li><p><strong>Q Physio:</strong> &#272;&#7891;ng thu&#7853;n v&#224; nh&#7845;n m&#7841;nh: C&#417; th&#7875; v&#7851;n ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i stimulus nh&#432; nhau, b&#7845;t k&#7875; l&#224; &#273;ang &#273;au hay kh&#244;ng. Rehab ch&#7881; l&#224; <em>training c&#243; &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh</em>, v&#7899;i m&#7897;t s&#7889; r&#224;o c&#7843;n &#273;&#7863;c th&#249;.</p></li></ul><p>&#128204; <strong>&#272;i&#7875;m chung</strong>: C&#7843; hai &#273;&#7873;u nh&#236;n nh&#7853;n rehab kh&#244;ng nh&#432; m&#7897;t ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng &#8220;ngo&#224;i l&#7873;&#8221; hay &#8220;giai &#273;o&#7841;n &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t&#8221;, m&#224; l&#224; <em>m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n t&#237;ch h&#7907;p</em> trong t&#432; duy l&#7853;p k&#7871; ho&#7841;ch hu&#7845;n luy&#7879;n.</p><p>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;</p><p><strong>2. </strong>&#128161;<strong> T&#432; duy Coaching: T&#7915; &#8220;ngh&#7881; ng&#417;i&#8221; sang &#8220;&#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh th&#244;ng minh&#8221;</strong></p><ul><li><p><strong>Dr. Quinn:</strong> Ph&#234; ph&#225;n t&#432; duy &#8220;All or Nothing&#8221; &#8211; &#273;au l&#224; d&#7915;ng t&#7853;p. Thay v&#224;o &#273;&#243;, l&#227;o &#273;&#7873; xu&#7845;t &#8220;gi&#7843;m t&#7843;i &#8211; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i d&#7915;ng t&#7853;p&#8221;, v&#237; d&#7909;: thay b&#224;i, gi&#7843;m ROM, &#273;&#7893;i tempo... &#273;&#7875; v&#7851;n duy tr&#236; k&#237;ch th&#237;ch (stimulus).</p></li></ul><ul><li><p><strong>Q Physio:</strong> C&#361;ng nh&#7845;n m&#7841;nh r&#7857;ng <em>c&#417; th&#7875; c&#7847;n stimulus &#273;&#7875; duy tr&#236; th&#237;ch nghi</em>. Ngh&#7881; ho&#224;n to&#224;n v&#236; ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n &#8220;drift into low performance&#8221; &#8211; t&#7913;c l&#224; m&#7845;t d&#7847;n kh&#7843; n&#259;ng ch&#7883;u t&#7843;i.</p></li></ul><p>&#128204; <strong>&#272;i&#7875;m chung</strong>: C&#7843; hai c&#249;ng h&#432;&#7899;ng t&#7899;i chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c <em>ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n c&#243; &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh</em>, thay v&#236; ngh&#7881; ho&#224;n to&#224;n, &#273;&#7875;:</p><ul><li><p>Duy tr&#236; th&#243;i quen</p></li><li><p>B&#7843;o v&#7879; t&#226;m l&#253; ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p</p></li><li><p>Gi&#7919; l&#7841;i n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng th&#7875; ch&#7845;t</p></li></ul><p>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-</p><p><strong>3. </strong>&#128104;&#8205;&#127979;<strong> Vai tr&#242; c&#7911;a hu&#7845;n luy&#7879;n vi&#234;n: T&#7915; &#8220;s&#7917;a l&#7895;i&#8221; sang &#8220;d&#7851;n &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng&#8221;</strong></p><ul><li><p><strong>Dr. Quinn: Coi</strong> HLV l&#224; <em>tuy&#7871;n &#273;&#7847;u</em> &#8211; HLV kh&#225;c b&#225;c s&#297;, ph&#7843;i bi&#7871;t c&#225;ch &#8220;&#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh c&#225;c n&#250;t&#8221; tr&#234;n b&#7843;ng &#273;i&#7873;u khi&#7875;n: volume, intensity, k&#7929; thu&#7853;t&#8230;</p></li></ul><ul><li><p><strong>Q Physio:</strong> HLV kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i &#8220;s&#7917;a l&#7895;i c&#417; th&#7875;&#8221;, m&#224; l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i &#8220;h&#432;&#7899;ng d&#7851;n v&#432;&#7907;t qua r&#224;o c&#7843;n m&#7897;t c&#225;ch hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; v&#224; an to&#224;n.&#8221;</p></li></ul><p>&#128204; <strong>&#272;i&#7875;m chung</strong>: X&#225;c l&#7853;p l&#7841;i vai tr&#242; c&#7911;a PT:</p><ul><li><p>Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; &#8220;b&#225;c s&#297; th&#7875; h&#236;nh&#8221;</p></li><li><p>Kh&#244;ng n&#234;n t&#225;ch ri&#234;ng &#8220;rehab&#8221;</p></li><li><p>M&#224; l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i d&#7851;n d&#7855;t m&#7897;t h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n th&#7875; ch&#7845;t tr&#7885;n v&#7865;n &#8211; k&#7875; c&#7843; khi c&#243; ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng</p></li></ul><p>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;</p><p><strong>4. </strong>&#127959;&#65039;<strong> &#7912;ng d&#7909;ng th&#7921;c t&#7871;: Training c&#243; ki&#7875;m so&#225;t</strong></p><p>C&#7843; hai &#273;&#7873;u cho r&#7857;ng:</p><ul><li><p>H&#227;y ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n rehab nh&#432; m&#7897;t <strong>bi&#7871;n th&#7875; kh&#225;c c&#7911;a ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh hu&#7845;n luy&#7879;n</strong>, c&#243; s&#7921; ki&#7875;m so&#225;t c&#225;c y&#7871;u t&#7889;:</p><ul><li><p>Load (m&#7913;c t&#7841;)</p></li><li><p>ROM</p></li><li><p>Tempo</p></li><li><p>Technical Cue (ch&#7881; d&#7851;n k&#7929; thu&#7853;t ri&#234;ng)</p></li></ul></li></ul><ul><li><p>V&#224; quan tr&#7885;ng: <strong>HLV hay Coach v&#7851;n n&#234;n ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c thay &#273;&#7893;i, duy tr&#236; vi&#7879;c thi&#7871;t k&#7871; ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh t&#7853;p cho kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng. Kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c d&#7915;ng l&#7841;i ch&#7881; v&#236; kh&#225;ch &#273;ang ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng.</strong></p></li></ul><p>&#9989;<strong> K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n chung</strong></p><p><strong>"Training v&#224; Rehab kh&#244;ng kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t v&#7873; b&#7843;n ch&#7845;t, ch&#7881; kh&#225;c &#7903; c&#225;ch ch&#250;ng ta ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n v&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh."</strong></p><p>C&#225;ch ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n n&#224;y gi&#250;p:</p><ul><li><p>Ph&#225; v&#7905; &#273;&#7883;nh ki&#7871;n sai l&#7879;ch v&#7873; rehab</p></li><li><p>Duy tr&#236; s&#7921; t&#7921; tin v&#224; &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p</p></li><li><p>T&#259;ng hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; quay tr&#7903; l&#7841;i t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n sau ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng.</p></li></ul><p>&#129521; Tr&#237;ch d&#7851;n c&#7889;t l&#245;i t&#7915; Podcast:</p><p><em>&#8220;Bodies are bodies. Stimulus is stimulus. It doesn't change just because now it's slightly injured.&#8221;</em><br><em>&#8220;Training is training. Rehab is just training with some different considerations.&#8221;</em> &#8211; Q Physio</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Mỗi buổi tập bao nhiêu Hiệp? Quan sát từ một nghiên cứu mới công bố]]></title><description><![CDATA[D&#7919; ki&#7879;n t&#7915; 67 Nghi&#234;n C&#7913;u N&#243;i G&#236; V&#7873; S&#7889; Hi&#7879;p Cho M&#7895;i Bu&#7893;i T&#7853;p &#272;&#7875; Ph&#225;t Tri&#7875;n C&#417; B&#7855;p v&#224; S&#7913;c M&#7841;nh?]]></description><link>https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/moi-buoi-tap-bao-nhieu-hiep-quan</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/moi-buoi-tap-bao-nhieu-hiep-quan</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[The Thinking Trainer]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 26 May 2025 13:05:11 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5JiR!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F53133451-ac4c-4b4e-95e6-e37349b29a70_1920x1080.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" 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class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h1>C&#193;C &#221; CH&#205;NH</h1><ul><li><p>Nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng c&#7911;a Volume m&#7895;i bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p t&#237;nh theo Set &#273;&#7871;n ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n C&#417; b&#7855;p v&#224; S&#7913;c m&#7841;nh, K&#7871;t qu&#7843; ch&#237;nh &#273;&#225;ng quan t&#226;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7843;n &#225;nh b&#7903;i ch&#7881; s&#7889; <em><strong>POUS</strong></em> (Point of Undetectable Superiority), cho th&#7845;y l&#7907;i &#237;ch l&#7899;n h&#417;n (n&#7871;u c&#243;) mang l&#7841;i b&#7903;i s&#7889; Sets l&#7899;n h&#417;n ng&#432;&#7905;ng n&#224;y t&#7887; ra kh&#244;ng ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n. Nh&#243;m nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u c&#361;ng x&#225;c &#273;&#7883;nh c&#225;ch t&#237;nh s&#7889; Set gi&#250;p gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch t&#7889;t nh&#7845;t xu h&#432;&#7899;ng d&#7921;a tr&#234;n b&#7897; d&#7919; ki&#7879;n hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i.</p></li><li><p>&#272;&#7889;i v&#7899;i ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n C&#417; b&#7855;p, POUS n&#7857;m &#7903; 11 Sets/bu&#7893;i, t&#237;nh theo Sets ph&#226;n s&#7889;. &#272;&#7889;i v&#7899;i S&#7913;c m&#7841;nh, POUS l&#224; 2 Sets/bu&#7893;i, t&#237;nh theo Set tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p.</p></li><li><p>Trong khi s&#7889; Sets l&#7899;n h&#417;n c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;em l&#7841;i ti&#7871;n b&#7897; t&#7889;t h&#417;n, ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p n&#234;n c&#226;n nh&#7855;c &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng c&#7911;a n&#243; &#273;&#7871;n C&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n, kh&#7843; n&#259;ng tu&#226;n th&#7911; bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p, c&#361;ng nh&#432; t&#7853;n d&#7909;ng T&#7847;n su&#7845;t t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; v&#224; b&#7873;n v&#7919;ng.</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><p>&#8220;M&#7895;i bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p <em>bao nhi&#234;u</em> l&#224; &#273;&#7911;&#8221; l&#224; m&#7897;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i c&#243; l&#7869; ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p n&#224;o c&#361;ng t&#7915;ng t&#7921; &#273;&#7863;t ra. Trong khi ch&#7883;u &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng kh&#244;ng nh&#7887; b&#7903;i th&#7901;i gian c&#243; th&#7875; d&#224;nh cho t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n, vi&#7879;c x&#225;c &#273;&#7883;nh kh&#7889;i l&#432;&#7907;ng t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n hay Volume cho m&#7895;i bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p c&#242;n li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; th&#250;c &#273;&#7849;y ti&#7871;n b&#7897; m&#224; bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p mang l&#7841;i. &#272;&#7875; bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p c&#243; hi&#7879;u qu&#7843;, ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p s&#7869; c&#7847;n t&#7853;p v&#7899;i Volume - <em><strong>s&#7889; Sets</strong></em> cho m&#7897;t nh&#243;m c&#417; hay cho m&#7897;t chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng - &#273;&#7911; l&#7899;n &#273;&#7875; t&#7841;o ra k&#237;ch th&#237;ch th&#250;c &#273;&#7849;y ti&#7871;n b&#7897; (v&#7873; S&#7913;c m&#7841;nh hay C&#417; b&#7855;p) trong khi v&#7851;n &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng - t&#7853;p v&#7899;i &#273;&#7911; c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; - cho l&#432;&#7907;ng Volume &#273;&#243;.</p><p>V&#7853;y <strong>m&#7895;i bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p bao nhi&#234;u Sets l&#224; &#273;&#7911;</strong>? &#272;&#226;y ch&#237;nh l&#224; c&#226;u h&#7887;i trung t&#226;m trong m&#7897;t nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u ph&#226;n t&#237;ch t&#7893;ng h&#7907;p v&#224; h&#7891;i c&#7913;u (<em>meta-regression</em>) quy m&#244; l&#7899;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n b&#7903;i &#8220;Remmert v&#224; &#273;&#7891;ng nghi&#7879;p&#8221; (hi&#7879;n b&#7843;n <em>pre-print</em> c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c truy c&#7853;p mi&#7877;n ph&#237; <a href="https://sportrxiv.org/index.php/server/preprint/view/537">t&#7841;i &#273;&#226;y</a> ho&#7863;c theo ti&#234;u &#273;&#7873; &#8220;<em>Is There Too Much of a Good Thing? Meta-Regressions of the Effect of Per-Session Volume on Hypertrophy and Strength</em>&#8221;). Nh&#7919;ng ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ghi nh&#7853;n t&#7887; ra &#273;&#7873; xu&#7845;t r&#7857;ng, trong khi nhi&#7873;u Set h&#417;n c&#243; d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n th&#250;c &#273;&#7849;y ti&#7871;n b&#7897; nhanh h&#417;n, t&#259;ng s&#7889; Set m&#7895;i bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p qu&#225; m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7905;ng c&#7909; th&#7875; c&#243; th&#7875; kh&#244;ng &#273;&#225;ng v&#7899;i c&#244;ng s&#7913;c m&#224; b&#7841;n b&#7887; ra.</p><p>Jake Remmert - t&#225;c gi&#7843; &#273;&#7913;ng &#273;&#7847;u t&#234;n c&#7911;a nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u n&#224;y - g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y chia s&#7867; v&#224; b&#236;nh lu&#7853;n v&#7873; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u n&#224;y tr&#234;n podcast <em>Iron Culture</em><strong>.</strong> Trong cu&#7897;c th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n n&#224;y, m&#7897;t n&#7897;i dung ch&#237;nh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c Eric Trexler v&#224; Jake Remmert th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n v&#7873; nh&#7919;ng ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n ch&#237;nh - &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng c&#7911;a <em><strong>&#8220;s&#7889; hi&#7879;p m&#7895;i bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p&#8221;</strong></em> &#273;&#7871;n ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n C&#417; b&#7855;p v&#224; S&#7913;c m&#7841;nh - c&#7911;a nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u, b&#236;nh lu&#7853;n v&#7873; nh&#7919;ng d&#432; lu&#7853;n xoay quanh nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u n&#224;y, v&#224; - quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n h&#7871;t - c&#225;ch hi&#7875;u v&#224; &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng nh&#7919;ng k&#7871;t qu&#7843; &#273;&#243; v&#224;o th&#7921;c ti&#7877;n..</p><div id="youtube2-6bD2uuswRiQ" class="youtube-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;videoId&quot;:&quot;6bD2uuswRiQ&quot;,&quot;startTime&quot;:null,&quot;endTime&quot;:null}" data-component-name="Youtube2ToDOM"><div class="youtube-inner"><iframe src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/6bD2uuswRiQ?rel=0&amp;autoplay=0&amp;showinfo=0&amp;enablejsapi=0" frameborder="0" loading="lazy" gesture="media" allow="autoplay; fullscreen" allowautoplay="true" allowfullscreen="true" width="728" height="409"></iframe></div></div><div><hr></div><h1>&#10024; V&#236; Sao S&#7889; Hi&#7879;p M&#7895;i Bu&#7893;i T&#7853;p L&#7841;i Quan Tr&#7885;ng?</h1><p><strong>S&#7889; Hi&#7879;p m&#7895;i bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p</strong> (<em>Per Session Set Volume</em>, vi&#7871;t t&#7855;t <em><strong>PSSV</strong></em>) l&#224; m&#7897;t y&#7871;u t&#7889; quan tr&#7885;ng &#273;&#225;ng c&#226;n nh&#7855;c trong t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n. N&#243; quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh xem &#273;&#7897; d&#224;i c&#7911;a m&#7895;i bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p, v&#224; &#273;&#244; kh&#243; m&#224; b&#7841;n c&#7843;m th&#7845;y &#7903; m&#7895;i bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p. PSSV qu&#225; cao c&#243; th&#7875; d&#7851;n &#273;&#7875; nh&#7919;ng bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p d&#224;i l&#234; th&#234; v&#224; m&#7879;t m&#7887;i, v&#236; th&#7871; vi&#7879;c hi&#7875;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c <em>kho&#7843;ng PSSV t&#7889;i &#432;u</em> l&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u c&#7847;n thi&#7871;t. Trong khi &#273;&#227; c&#243; kh&#225; nhi&#7873;u d&#7919; li&#7879;u v&#7873; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng c&#7911;a <em>t&#7893;ng</em> Volume t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n h&#224;ng tu&#7847;n, t&#7847;n su&#7845;t t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n, v&#224; c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; (kho&#7843;ng c&#225;ch &#273;&#7871;n th&#7845;t b&#7841;i) &#273;&#7871;n ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n C&#417; b&#7855;p v&#224; S&#7913;c m&#7841;nh d&#224;i h&#7841;n, d&#7919; ki&#7879;n v&#7873; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng c&#7911;a s&#7889; Hi&#7879;p <em>m&#7895;i bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p</em> l&#7841;i kh&#225; khan hi&#7871;m. V&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; n&#224;y l&#224; &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c th&#250;c &#273;&#226;y nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i.</p><p>&#272;&#225;ng ch&#250; &#253;, nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i thu&#7897;c m&#7897;t &#8220;series&#8221; c&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u ph&#226;n t&#237;ch t&#7893;ng h&#7907;p v&#224; h&#7891;i quy h&#7879; th&#7889;ng (<em>meta-regression</em>) &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; ph&#242;ng lab c&#7911;a Ti&#7871;n s&#297; Mike Zourdos t&#7841;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#272;&#7841;i H&#7885;c Florida (Hoa K&#7923;), v&#7873; c&#225;c y&#7871;u t&#7889; then ch&#7889;t trong m&#7897;t ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh t&#7853;p Kh&#225;ng l&#7921;c. Series n&#224;y &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#244;ng b&#7889; to&#224;n b&#7897;, bao g&#7891;m c&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u sau:</p><ul><li><p>Nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#7873; <em>Kho&#7843;ng c&#225;ch t&#7899;i ng&#432;&#7905;ng th&#7845;t b&#7841;i</em> b&#7903;i &#8220;Robinson v&#224; &#273;&#7891;ng nghi&#7879;p&#8221; (&#128279;T3 &#273;&#227; th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n t&#7841;i <a href="https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/146866087/nguong-that-bai-va-phat-trien-co-bap">&#273;&#226;y</a> v&#224; <a href="https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/lieu-luc-nao-that-bai-cung-se-tot?r=2z8vlo&amp;utm_campaign=post&amp;utm_medium=web&amp;showWelcomeOnShare=false">&#273;&#226;y</a>)</p></li><li><p>Nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#7873; <em>Volume v&#224; T&#7847;n su&#7845;t t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n h&#224;ng tu&#7847;n</em> b&#7903;i &#8220;Pelland v&#224; &#273;&#7891;ng nghi&#7879;p&#8221; (&#128279;T3 &#273;&#227; th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n <a href="https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/nghien-cuu-moi-tiep-noi-cau-chuyen-b17?r=2z8vlo&amp;utm_campaign=post&amp;utm_medium=web&amp;showWelcomeOnShare=false">t&#7841;i &#273;&#226;y</a>) , v&#224;</p></li><li><p>Nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#7873; <em>Volume m&#7895;i bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p</em> b&#7903;i &#8220;Remmert v&#224; &#273;&#7891;ng nghi&#7879;p&#8221; (nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i).</p></li></ul><ul><li><p>Nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#7873; <em>Volume m&#7895;i bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p</em> b&#7903;i &#8220;Remmert v&#224; &#273;&#7891;ng nghi&#7879;p&#8221; (nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i)</p></li></ul><div><hr></div><h1>N&#7897;i dung nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u</h1><h3>&#128300; Thi&#7871;t K&#7871; Nghi&#234;n C&#7913;u</h3><p>&#8220;<em>Remmert v&#224; &#273;&#7891;ng nghi&#7879;p</em>&#8221; &#273;&#227; ph&#226;n t&#237;ch <strong>67 nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u</strong> (ch&#7885;n l&#7885;c t&#7915; h&#224;ng ngh&#236;n t&#224;i li&#7879;u) &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; m&#7889;i quan h&#7879; gi&#7919;a s&#7889; Hi&#7879;p m&#7895;i bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p (PSSV) v&#224; k&#7871;t qu&#7843; t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n (thay &#273;&#7893;i C&#417; b&#7855;p v&#224; S&#7913;c m&#7841;nh). C&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7885;n l&#7885;c th&#7887;a m&#227;n t&#7845;t c&#7843; nh&#7919;ng ti&#234;u ch&#237; sau:</p><ul><li><p>Ch&#7881; bao g&#7891;m ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#7899;n kh&#7887;e m&#7841;nh (d&#432;&#7899;i ~70 tu&#7893;i)</p></li><li><p>Ki&#7875;m so&#225;t th&#7901;i gian ngh&#7881;, c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n, v&#224; c&#225;c y&#7871;u t&#7889; g&#226;y nhi&#7877;u kh&#225;c</p></li><li><p>Bao g&#7891;m nhi&#7873;u ki&#7875;u chia Volume (s&#7889; Sets) v&#224; T&#7847;n su&#7845;t (s&#7889; bu&#7893;i m&#7895;i tu&#7847;n) kh&#225;c nhau</p></li></ul><p>H&#7885; ph&#226;n lo&#7841;i c&#225;ch &#273;&#7883;nh l&#432;&#7907;ng kh&#7889;i l&#432;&#7907;ng t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n theo Hi&#7879;p (Set Volume) theo 3 c&#225;ch:</p><ol><li><p><strong>Set Tr&#7921;c Ti&#7871;p</strong>: m&#7895;i Hi&#7879;p cho nh&#243;m c&#417; ch&#7881; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#237;nh theo b&#224;i t&#7853;p tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng v&#224;o nh&#243;m c&#417;, v&#224; kh&#244;ng t&#237;nh c&#225;c nh&#243;m c&#417; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng gi&#225;n ti&#7871;p (vd: 1 Set Biceps Curl = 1 Set cho Tay tr&#432;&#7899;c)</p></li><li><p><strong>Set Gi&#225;n Ti&#7871;p (Ph&#226;n S&#7889;)</strong>: Hi&#7879;p gi&#225;n ti&#7871;p &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#237;nh l&#224; 0.5 (vd: Bench Press = 0.5 Set cho Tay Sau, 1 Set cho Ng&#7921;c)</p></li><li><p><strong>T&#7893;ng Set</strong>: M&#7895;i nh&#243;m c&#417; tham gia v&#224;o b&#224;i t&#7853;p &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#237;nh l&#224; 1 Set (vd: Bench Press = 1 cho Ng&#7921;c + 1 cho Tay Sau)</p></li></ol><h3>&#128200; K&#7871;t qu&#7843; Ch&#237;nh: PUOS</h3><p>M&#7897;t ch&#7881; s&#7889; ch&#237;nh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c quan t&#226;m trong ph&#226;n t&#237;ch &#8220;h&#7891;i quy h&#7879; th&#7889;ng&#8221; c&#7911;a nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i l&#224; <strong>PUOS</strong> (<em>Point of Undetectable Outcome Superiority</em>). Khi hi&#7875;n th&#7883; tr&#234;n &#273;&#7891; th&#7883;, PUOS l&#224; <strong>&#273;i&#7875;m m&#224; sau &#273;&#243; vi&#7879;c t&#259;ng s&#7889; Set m&#7895;i bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p kh&#244;ng c&#242;n mang l&#7841;i s&#7921; c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n </strong><em><strong>r&#245; r&#224;ng</strong></em> v&#7873; C&#417; b&#7855;p ho&#7863;c S&#7913;c m&#7841;nh. &#272;&#243; l&#224; khi &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng cong ph&#7843;n &#225;nh hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u ph&#7859;ng d&#7847;n. Hi&#7875;u theo c&#225;ch kh&#225;c, PUOS ph&#7843;n &#225;nh &#273;i&#7875;m m&#224; khi Set Volume t&#259;ng v&#432;&#7907;t qua (l&#7899;n h&#417;n), nh&#7919;ng k&#7871;t qu&#7843; t&#7889;t h&#417;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ghi nh&#7853;n cho C&#417; b&#7855;p v&#224; S&#7913;c m&#7841;nh s&#7869; kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n (x&#225;c su&#7845;t kh&#244;ng th&#7887;a m&#227;n &gt; 50%), d&#7921;a tr&#234;n b&#7897; d&#7919; ki&#7879;n c&#7911;a nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u (t&#7915; 67 nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u th&#7887;a m&#227;n ti&#234;u ch&#237; ch&#7885;n l&#7885;c).</p><h2>Ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n ch&#237;nh</h2><p>K&#7871;t qu&#7843; ph&#226;n t&#237;ch ghi nh&#7853;n PUOS theo c&#225;c c&#225;ch t&#237;nh Set Volume kh&#225;c nhau nh&#432; sau:</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6C1c!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62a4bdcf-2f7b-49f8-86e7-d6761a522629_1246x374.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6C1c!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62a4bdcf-2f7b-49f8-86e7-d6761a522629_1246x374.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6C1c!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62a4bdcf-2f7b-49f8-86e7-d6761a522629_1246x374.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6C1c!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62a4bdcf-2f7b-49f8-86e7-d6761a522629_1246x374.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6C1c!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62a4bdcf-2f7b-49f8-86e7-d6761a522629_1246x374.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6C1c!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62a4bdcf-2f7b-49f8-86e7-d6761a522629_1246x374.png" width="1246" height="374" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/62a4bdcf-2f7b-49f8-86e7-d6761a522629_1246x374.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:374,&quot;width&quot;:1246,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:39993,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/164459988?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62a4bdcf-2f7b-49f8-86e7-d6761a522629_1246x374.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6C1c!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62a4bdcf-2f7b-49f8-86e7-d6761a522629_1246x374.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6C1c!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62a4bdcf-2f7b-49f8-86e7-d6761a522629_1246x374.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6C1c!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62a4bdcf-2f7b-49f8-86e7-d6761a522629_1246x374.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6C1c!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F62a4bdcf-2f7b-49f8-86e7-d6761a522629_1246x374.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h3>&#128170;Ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n C&#417; b&#7855;p</h3><p>X&#233;t trung b&#236;nh, hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n C&#417; b&#7855;p t&#259;ng m&#7841;nh nh&#7845;t cho &#273;&#7871;n <strong>11 Sets/nh&#243;m c&#417;/bu&#7893;i</strong>. Sau &#273;&#243;, hi&#7879;u &#7913;ng n&#224;y v&#7851;n theo chi&#7873;u h&#432;&#7899;ng t&#259;ng nh&#432;ng v&#7899;i m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; nh&#7887; h&#417;n (ph&#7843;n &#225;nh b&#7903;i &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng cong ph&#7859;ng d&#7847;n theo s&#7889; Set) v&#224; thi&#7871;u ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n h&#417;n (bi&#234;n &#273;&#7897; dao &#273;&#7897;ng c&#7911;a hi&#7879;u &#7913;ng l&#7899;n h&#417;n)</p><p>M&#7897;t s&#7889; &#273;i&#7875;m c&#7847;n l&#432;u &#253; v&#7873; k&#7871;t qu&#7843; tr&#234;n:</p><ul><li><p>C&#225;ch t&#237;nh Volume theo &#8220;<strong>Set Ph&#226;n S&#7889;</strong>&#8221; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&#225;c &#273;&#7883;nh l&#224; ph&#249; h&#7907;p nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7875; gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch xu h&#432;&#7899;ng c&#7911;a b&#7897; d&#7919; ki&#7879;n, t&#7913;c t&#237;nh Set t&#7915; c&#7843; c&#225;c b&#224;i t&#7853;p tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p (1 Set) v&#224; gi&#225;n ti&#7871;p (0.5 Set) t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng l&#234;n m&#7897;t nh&#243;m c&#417;.</p></li><li><p>M&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; <em><strong>&#273;a d&#7841;ng ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng c&#225; nh&#226;n</strong></em> kh&#225; l&#7899;n. M&#7897;t s&#7889; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u s&#7917; d&#7909;ng s&#7889; Set nh&#7887; nh&#432;ng ghi nh&#7853;n m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; thay &#273;&#7893;i kh&#7893;ng l&#7891; (v&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7907;c l&#7841;i c&#361;ng x&#7843;y ra v&#7899;i k&#7871;t qu&#7843; t&#7915; s&#7889; Set r&#7845;t l&#7899;n).</p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QBBy!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2224d885-3b3b-4e25-b539-9b8d109d5659_604x605.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QBBy!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2224d885-3b3b-4e25-b539-9b8d109d5659_604x605.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QBBy!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2224d885-3b3b-4e25-b539-9b8d109d5659_604x605.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QBBy!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2224d885-3b3b-4e25-b539-9b8d109d5659_604x605.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QBBy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2224d885-3b3b-4e25-b539-9b8d109d5659_604x605.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QBBy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2224d885-3b3b-4e25-b539-9b8d109d5659_604x605.png" width="470" height="470.77814569536423" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QBBy!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2224d885-3b3b-4e25-b539-9b8d109d5659_604x605.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QBBy!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2224d885-3b3b-4e25-b539-9b8d109d5659_604x605.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QBBy!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2224d885-3b3b-4e25-b539-9b8d109d5659_604x605.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QBBy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2224d885-3b3b-4e25-b539-9b8d109d5659_604x605.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h3> &#127947;&#65039; S&#7913;c M&#7841;nh</h3><p>X&#233;t trung b&#236;nh, hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n S&#7913;c m&#7841;nh t&#259;ng m&#7841;nh nh&#7845;t cho &#273;&#7871;n 2 <strong>Sets/nh&#243;m c&#417;/bu&#7893;i</strong>. Sau &#273;&#243;, hi&#7879;u &#7913;ng n&#224;y v&#7851;n theo chi&#7873;u h&#432;&#7899;ng t&#259;ng nh&#432;ng v&#7899;i m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; nh&#7887; h&#417;n (ph&#7843;n &#225;nh b&#7903;i &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng cong ph&#7859;ng d&#7847;n theo s&#7889; Set) v&#224; thi&#7871;u ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n h&#417;n (bi&#234;n &#273;&#7897; dao &#273;&#7897;ng c&#7911;a hi&#7879;u &#7913;ng l&#7899;n h&#417;n).</p><p><strong>&#9888;&#65039;M&#7897;t s&#7889; &#273;i&#7875;m c&#7847;n l&#432;u &#253;&#9888;&#65039;</strong></p><ul><li><p>C&#225;ch t&#237;nh Volume theo <strong>&#8220;Set Tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p&#8221;</strong> &#273;&#432;&#7907;c x&#225;c &#273;&#7883;nh l&#224; ph&#249; h&#7907;p nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7875; gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch xu h&#432;&#7899;ng c&#7911;a b&#7897; d&#7919; ki&#7879;n, t&#7913;c ch&#7881; t&#237;nh Set t&#7915; c&#225;c b&#224;i t&#7853;p t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p v&#224;o m&#7897;t nh&#243;m c&#417;. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c li&#234;n h&#7879; v&#7899;i nguy&#234;n t&#7855;c &#8220;chuy&#234;n bi&#7879;t&#8221; (<em>Specificity</em>) trong t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n - t&#7853;p c&#225;i g&#236; nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n s&#7869; &#273;em l&#7841;i ti&#7871;n b&#7897; t&#7889;t h&#417;n &#7903; th&#7913; &#273;&#243;.</p></li><li><p>&#272;a s&#7889; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u d&#249;ng m&#7913;c t&#7841; nh&#7865; v&#224; s&#7889; reps cao&#8212;ch&#432;a th&#7853;t s&#7921; t&#7889;i &#432;u cho s&#7913;c m&#7841;nh.</p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DUJX!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e078886-de96-423a-9426-72cca91a3624_600x595.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DUJX!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e078886-de96-423a-9426-72cca91a3624_600x595.png" width="330" height="327.25" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DUJX!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e078886-de96-423a-9426-72cca91a3624_600x595.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DUJX!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e078886-de96-423a-9426-72cca91a3624_600x595.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DUJX!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e078886-de96-423a-9426-72cca91a3624_600x595.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DUJX!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6e078886-de96-423a-9426-72cca91a3624_600x595.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div><hr></div><h2>&#128270; Nh&#7919;ng quan s&#225;t ch&#237;nh</h2><p>M&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u c&#243; l&#7869; lu&#244;n c&#7847;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nh&#7855;c l&#7841;i trong th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i m&#7895;i khi c&#243; m&#7897;t nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u m&#7899;i v&#7873; t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#244;ng b&#7889; l&#224;, c&#225;c ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ghi nh&#7853;n n&#234;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c hi&#7875;u l&#224; &#7911;ng h&#7897; c&#225;c <strong>xu h&#432;&#7899;ng v&#224; nguy&#234;n t&#7855;c chung</strong> v&#224; cung c&#7845;p nh&#7919;ng <strong>&#273;i&#7875;m m&#7889;c c&#243; t&#237;nh tham kh&#7843;o</strong>, thay v&#236; &#273;em l&#7841;i m&#7897;t <em>l&#7901;i gi&#7843;i</em> cho nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i to&#225;n c&#7909; th&#7875; trong t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n hay cho th&#7845;y c&#225;ch t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7841;t k&#7871;t qu&#7843; t&#7889;t nh&#7845;t.</p><p>Nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i &#273;em l&#7841;i m&#7897;t s&#7889; quan s&#225;t sau:</p><p><em><strong>Volume cao vs Volume th&#7845;p</strong></em>:</p><ul><li><p>Volume cao h&#417;n c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;em l&#7841;i k&#7871;t qu&#7843; t&#7889;t h&#417;n, nh&#432;ng khi v&#432;&#7907;t qua m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7905;ng nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7883;nh, l&#7907;i &#237;ch n&#224;y c&#243; th&#7875; kh&#244;ng ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n hay &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o, v&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n h&#417;n s&#7869; l&#224; ti&#234;u t&#7889;n nhi&#7873;u th&#7901;i gian v&#224; c&#244;ng s&#7913;c h&#417;n. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y &#273;&#250;ng v&#7899;i t&#7893;ng Volume v&#224; Volume cho m&#7895;i bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p.</p></li><li><p></p></li></ul><p><em><strong>T&#432;&#417;ng t&#225;c gi&#7919;a Volume v&#224; c&#225;c y&#7871;u t&#7889; kh&#225;c</strong></em> :</p><ul><li><p>T&#259;ng Volume l&#234;n &#273;&#7871;n m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7905;ng nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7883;nh c&#243; th&#7875; s&#7869; &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p ph&#7843;i gi&#7843;m <em><strong>C&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897;</strong></em> t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n (vd: t&#7853;p xa ng&#432;&#7905;ng th&#7845;t b&#7841;i h&#417;n).</p></li><li><p>M&#7863;t kh&#225;c, n&#7871;u mu&#7889;n duy tr&#236; C&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; v&#7899;i Volume l&#7899;n h&#417;n, ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p s&#7869; c&#7847;n <em><strong>L&#7921;a ch&#7885;n b&#224;i t&#7853;p</strong></em> hi&#7879;u h&#417;n; v&#237; d&#7909; ch&#7885;n b&#224;i t&#7853;p &#273;em l&#7841;i k&#237;ch th&#237;ch l&#7899;n h&#417;n l&#234;n nh&#243;m c&#417; m&#7909;c ti&#234;u trong khi h&#7841;n ch&#7871; t&#237;ch l&#361;y m&#7879;t m&#7887;i hay &#225;p l&#7921;c l&#234;n kh&#7899;p.</p></li><li><p>Cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng, ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p n&#234;n s&#7917; d&#7909;ng <em><strong>T&#7847;n su&#7845;t t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n</strong></em> (s&#7889; bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p/tu&#7847;n) &#273;&#7875; ph&#226;n b&#7889;/&#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh Volume sao cho &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; c&#7911;a m&#7895;i bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p. Thay v&#236; t&#259;ng Volume m&#7895;i bu&#7893;i, h&#227;y gi&#7919; Volume m&#7895;i bu&#7893;i &#7903; m&#7913;c c&#243; th&#7875; tu&#226;n th&#7911; v&#224; t&#259;ng s&#7889; bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p. </p></li></ul><h2>&#129519; Ph&#7843;n H&#7891;i Nh&#7919;ng Ng&#7897; Nh&#7853;n Ph&#7893; Bi&#7871;n</h2><p>Ngay sau khi &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#244;ng b&#7889;, nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i tr&#7903; th&#224;nh ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; c&#7911;a kh&#244;ng &#237;t suy lu&#7853;n v&#224; tranh lu&#7853;n s&#244;i n&#7893;i, kh&#244;ng &#237;t trong s&#7889; &#273;&#243; c&#243; t&#237;nh x&#226;y d&#7921;ng nh&#432;ng m&#7897;t l&#432;&#7907;ng l&#7899;n nh&#7919;ng b&#236;nh lu&#7853;n n&#224;y d&#7921;a tr&#234;n nh&#7919;ng suy lu&#7853;n kh&#244;ng ch&#237;nh x&#225;c.</p><p>Trong podcast, Jake Remmert b&#236;nh lu&#7853;n v&#7873; m&#7897;t s&#7889; ng&#7897; nh&#7853;n ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n sau:</p><h3><strong>"Ph&#7843;i t&#7853;p 11 Sets/nh&#243;m c&#417; m&#7895;i bu&#7893;i m&#7899;i t&#259;ng c&#417; t&#7889;i &#432;u."</strong></h3><p>Ng&#7897; nh&#7853;n xu&#7845;t ph&#225;t t&#7915; gi&#225; tr&#7883; PUOS &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ghi nh&#7853;n cho ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n C&#417; b&#7855;p, cho r&#7857;ng m&#7889;c n&#224;y cho th&#7845;y m&#7889;c Volume m&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p b&#7855;t bu&#7897;c ph&#7843;i t&#7853;p n&#7871;u nh&#432; mu&#7889;n &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c k&#7871;t qu&#7843; t&#7889;t nh&#7845;t, t&#7853;p &#237;t h&#417;n hay nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n s&#7869; &#273;em l&#7841;i k&#7871;t qu&#7843; k&#233;m h&#417;n. &#272;&#226;y c&#361;ng l&#224; m&#7897;t ng&#7897; nh&#7853;n ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n khi suy di&#7877;n t&#7915; k&#7871;t qu&#7843; c&#7911;a c&#225;c ph&#226;n t&#237;ch h&#7891;i quy h&#7879; th&#7889;ng (<em>meta-regression</em>) - cho r&#7857;ng nh&#7919;ng ph&#226;n t&#237;ch n&#224;y &#273;em l&#7841;i &#273;&#225;p &#225;n <em>duy nh&#7845;t</em> &#273;&#250;ng &#273;&#7875; &#225;p d&#7909;ng ngay trong t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n th&#7921;c t&#7871;.</p><p>C&#225;ch hi&#7875;u &#273;&#250;ng l&#224;, m&#7889;c PUOS (11 Sets) n&#224;y l&#224; k&#7871;t qu&#7843; trung b&#236;nh d&#7921;a tr&#234;n c&#225;c k&#7871;t qu&#7843; ghi nh&#7853;n t&#7915; nhi&#7873;u nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u kh&#225;c, c&#243; t&#237;nh g&#7907;i &#253; v&#224; tham kh&#7843;o, thay v&#236; ch&#7881; &#273;&#7883;nh hay tuy&#7879;t &#273;&#7889;i. M&#7889;c &#8220;11 Sets&#8221; ch&#7881; cho bi&#7871;t &#273;i&#7875;m m&#224; sau &#273;&#243; l&#7907;i &#237;ch nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n tr&#7903; n&#234;n kh&#243; ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n h&#417;n - ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; m&#7913;c &#273;em l&#7841;i l&#7907;i &#237;ch t&#7889;i &#273;a hay l&#7907;i &#237;ch m&#224; s&#7889; Set/bu&#7893;i &#273;em l&#7841;i ch&#7845;m d&#7913;t. T&#243;m l&#7841;i PUOS <strong>m&#244; t&#7843; xu h&#432;&#7899;ng</strong>, ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7863;t ra quy t&#7855;c.</p><h3><strong>&#8220;Thay &#273;&#7893;i v&#7873; k&#237;ch th&#432;&#7899;c c&#417; b&#7855;p ch&#7881; l&#224; do s&#432;ng v&#224; ph&#249; n&#7873;&#8221;</strong></h3><p>M&#7897;t ch&#7881; tr&#237;ch ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n d&#224;nh cho xu h&#432;&#7899;ng c&#7911;a m&#7897;t s&#7889; b&#7857;ng ch&#7913;ng g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y &#7911;ng h&#7897; t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n v&#7899;i Volume l&#7899;n (nh&#432; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u &#8220;52 Sets &#272;&#249;i tr&#432;&#7899;c&#8221; &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#243;), k&#7871;t qu&#7843; t&#259;ng C&#417; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ghi nh&#7853;n ch&#7881; &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; hi&#7879;n t&#432;&#7907;ng s&#432;ng ph&#7891;ng C&#417; (<em>swelling</em>) hay ph&#249; n&#7873; (<em>edema</em>), theo &#273;&#243; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;n &#225;nh s&#7921; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n th&#7921;c t&#7871; v&#7873; k&#237;ch th&#432;&#7899;c c&#7911;a C&#417; b&#7855;p (t&#7913;c t&#237;ch l&#361;y th&#234;m m&#244; c&#417;). Tuy nhi&#234;n, &#273;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t ng&#7897; nh&#7853;n &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; c&#225;ch hi&#7875;u t&#7889;i gi&#7843;n h&#243;a v&#7873; hai hi&#7879;n t&#432;&#7907;ng n&#224;y v&#224; quy tr&#236;nh &#273;o l&#432;&#7901;ng k&#237;ch th&#432;&#7899;c c&#417; b&#7855;p trong th&#237; nghi&#7879;m.</p><p>Trong khi c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#7883;u &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng nhi&#7877;u lo&#7841;n b&#7903;i s&#432;ng ph&#7891;ng/ph&#249; n&#7873; do t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n, quy tr&#236;nh &#273;o l&#432;&#7901;ng k&#237;ch th&#432;&#7899;c c&#417; b&#7855;p (vd: b&#7857;ng si&#234;u &#226;m hay ch&#7909;p h&#236;nh c&#7897;ng h&#432;&#7903;ng t&#7915; MRI) &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#227; t&#237;nh &#273;&#7871;n &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y v&#224; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n nh&#7857;m h&#7841;n ch&#7871; t&#7889;i thi&#7875;u &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng c&#7911;a nh&#7919;ng hi&#7879;n t&#432;&#7907;ng tr&#234;n (vd: th&#432;&#7901;ng di&#7877;n ra 3-5 ng&#224;y sau bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng, trong khi s&#432;ng ph&#7891;ng c&#417; th&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#7903; v&#7873; m&#7913;c ban &#273;&#7847;u trong 1-3 ng&#224;y). B&#234;n c&#7841;nh &#273;&#243;, hi&#7879;n t&#432;&#7907;ng s&#432;ng ph&#7891;ng d&#224;i h&#7841;n g&#226;y ra b&#7903;i t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n v&#7899;i Volume l&#7899;n ch&#432;a c&#243; b&#7857;ng ch&#7913;ng thuy&#7871;t ph&#7909;c n&#224;o &#7911;ng h&#7897;. T&#7845;t nhi&#234;n, &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y kh&#244;ng lo&#7841;i tr&#7915; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng t&#7891;n t&#7841;i ph&#249; n&#7873; c&#7845;p &#273;&#7897; th&#7845;p trong d&#224;i h&#7841;n, nh&#432;ng hi&#7879;n h&#7847;u nh&#432; kh&#244;ng c&#243; b&#7857;ng ch&#7913;ng thuy&#7871;t ph&#7909;c n&#224;o cho th&#7845;y r&#7857;ng s&#432;ng ph&#7891;ng m&#227;n t&#237;nh l&#224;m sai l&#7879;ch &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875; k&#7871;t qu&#7843; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n C&#417; b&#7855;p.</p><p>V&#7873; ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; n&#224;y, <em>Jake Remmert</em> c&#243; m&#7897;t b&#224;i &#273;&#259;ng tr&#234;n Instagram tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i v&#7873; quan &#273;i&#7875;m n&#224;y:</p><div class="instagram-embed-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;instagram_id&quot;:&quot;DId_0xsOlPM&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;A post shared by @jake.remmert_coach&quot;,&quot;author_name&quot;:&quot;jake.remmert_coach&quot;,&quot;thumbnail_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/__ss-rehost__IG-meta-DId_0xsOlPM.heic&quot;,&quot;like_count&quot;:null,&quot;comment_count&quot;:null,&quot;profile_pic_url&quot;:null,&quot;follower_count&quot;:null,&quot;timestamp&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true}" data-component-name="InstagramToDOM"></div><p>&#272;&#7891;ng th&#7901;i, ti&#7871;n s&#297; <em>Eduardo de Souza</em> c&#243; chia s&#7867; v&#224; b&#236;nh lu&#7853;n v&#7873; nh&#7919;ng nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c d&#7851;n ch&#7913;ng b&#7903;i nh&#7919;ng quan &#273;i&#7875;m xoay quanh ph&#249; n&#7873; v&#224; s&#432;ng t&#7845;y. &#272;&#225;ng ch&#250; &#253;, hi&#7879;n t&#432;&#7907;ng s&#432;ng ph&#7891;ng c&#417; b&#7855;p sau t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ghi nh&#7853;n &#273;&#227; c&#243; th&#7875; bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t trong 24 ti&#7871;ng sau bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p.</p><div class="instagram-embed-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;instagram_id&quot;:&quot;DJ2oImeM4Rh&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;A post shared by @dr.desouzaeo&quot;,&quot;author_name&quot;:&quot;dr.desouzaeo&quot;,&quot;thumbnail_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/__ss-rehost__IG-meta-DJ2oImeM4Rh.jpg&quot;,&quot;like_count&quot;:null,&quot;comment_count&quot;:null,&quot;profile_pic_url&quot;:null,&quot;follower_count&quot;:null,&quot;timestamp&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true}" data-component-name="InstagramToDOM"></div><h3><strong>V&#236; sao &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng c&#7911;a T&#7847;n su&#7845;t t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n kh&#244;ng l&#7899;n h&#417;n n&#7871;u 11 Sets/bu&#7893;i l&#224; &#8220;qu&#225; nhi&#7873;u&#8221;?</strong></h3><p>C&#226;u h&#7887;i n&#224;y li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n <em>meta-regression</em> tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#243; th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n b&#7903;i &#8220;Pelland v&#224; &#273;&#7891;ng nghi&#7879;p&#8221;, ghi nh&#7853;n r&#7857;ng T&#7847;n su&#7845;t t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n kh&#244;ng c&#243; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng m&#7841;nh m&#7869; &#273;&#7871;n ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n C&#417; b&#7855;p.</p><p>&#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch b&#7903;i l&#237; do r&#7857;ng, &#273;a s&#7889; c&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n trong nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u c&#7911;a &#8220;Pelland&#8221; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng trung b&#236;nh 6 Sets/nh&#243;m c&#417;/bu&#7893;i (dao &#273;&#7897;ng 5-8 Sets/bu&#7893;i), v&#7889;n kh&#225; nh&#7887; &#273;&#7875; t&#7847;n su&#7845;t t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n c&#243; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng r&#245; r&#7879;t. B&#234;n c&#7841;nh &#273;&#243;, c&#243; r&#7845;t &#237;t d&#7919; ki&#7879;n v&#7899;i Volume cao/r&#7845;t cao chia cho r&#7845;t &#237;t bu&#7893;i, v&#237; d&#7909; 20 - 30 Sets/tu&#7847;n d&#7891;n v&#224;o 1-2 bu&#7893;i/tu&#7847;n.</p><p>Do &#273;&#243;, &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng m&#7901; nh&#7841;t c&#7911;a T&#7847;n su&#7845;t t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n &#273;&#7871;n ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n C&#417; b&#7855;p trong ph&#226;n t&#237;ch <em>kh&#244;ng c&#243; ngh&#297;a</em> l&#224; n&#243; (T&#7847;n su&#7845;t) v&#244; d&#7909;ng, m&#224; l&#224; v&#236; ch&#432;a c&#243; &#273;&#7911; d&#7919; li&#7879;u t&#7841;i c&#225;c m&#7913;c Volume cao &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; ch&#237;nh x&#225;c &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng c&#7911;a t&#7847;n su&#7845;t.</p><h2>&#127947;&#65039;&#8205;&#9792;&#65039;G&#7907;i &#253; th&#7921;c ti&#7877;n</h2><p>&#128073;D&#7921;a v&#224;o nh&#7919;ng quan s&#225;t tr&#234;n, ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p c&#243; th&#7875; tham kh&#7843;o m&#7897;t s&#7889; g&#7907;i &#253; sau:</p><p><strong>M&#7909;c ti&#234;u t&#259;ng c&#417;</strong>: B&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u v&#7899;i 6-10 Sets/nh&#243;m c&#417;/bu&#7893;i, r&#7891;i &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh. L&#432;u &#253; l&#224; s&#7889; Sets n&#224;y bao g&#7891;m c&#7843; Sets tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p (1 Set) v&#224; gi&#225;n ti&#7871;p (0,5 Set)</p><ul><li><p>&#272;&#225;ng ch&#250; &#253;, li&#234;n h&#7879; v&#7899;i <a href="https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/150553671/hieu-suat-gia-tang-loi-ich-voi-volume">ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#243; v&#7873; quan h&#7879; gi&#7919;a t&#7893;ng Volume v&#224; t&#7847;n su&#7845;t t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n, v&#7899;i ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n C&#417; b&#7855;p v&#224; S&#7913;c m&#7841;nh</a>, &#273;&#7841;i &#273;a s&#7889; ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p c&#243; th&#7875; thu &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n l&#7907;i &#237;ch khi t&#7853;p m&#7895;i nh&#243;m c&#417; 2 bu&#7893;i/tu&#7847;n. M&#7895;i bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p c&#243; th&#7875; c&#243; Volume th&#7845;p nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7871;n 2 Sets (v&#7899;i m&#7913;c t&#7893;ng Volume t&#7889;i thi&#7875;u 4 Sets/tu&#7847;n), v&#224; l&#234;n &#273;&#7871;n 9-10 Sets/nh&#243;m c&#417; (m&#7913;c Volume &#273;em l&#7841;i hi&#7879;u su&#7845;t t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n cao nh&#7845;t 18 - 20 Sets/tu&#7847;n).</p></li><li><p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p c&#243; th&#7875; t&#7853;p nhi&#7873;u Sets h&#417;n, nh&#432;ng n&#234;n quan s&#225;t &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng c&#7911;a n&#243; &#273;&#7871;n C&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n v&#224; m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; tu&#226;n th&#7911; v&#7899;i bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p, v&#224; (n&#7871;u t&#7853;p v&#7899;i t&#7893;ng Volume l&#7899;n h&#417;n) n&#234;n c&#226;n nh&#7855;c chia ra nhi&#7873;u bu&#7893;i h&#417;n.</p></li></ul><p><strong>M&#7909;c ti&#234;u s&#7913;c m&#7841;nh</strong>: 1&#8211;3 Sets tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p/bu&#7893;i v&#7899;i m&#7913;c t&#7841; n&#7863;ng cho chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng mu&#7889;n c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n.</p><ul><li><p>&#272;&#7889;i v&#7899;i m&#7909;c ti&#234;u S&#7913;c m&#7841;nh, Volume m&#7895;i bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p s&#7869; kh&#244;ng quan tr&#7885;ng b&#7857;ng T&#7847;n su&#7845;t t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n (s&#7889; l&#7847;n t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng) v&#224; C&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; (m&#7913;c T&#7841;). V&#236; v&#7853;y m&#7895;i bu&#7893;i kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n qu&#225; nhi&#7873;u Set, v&#224; n&#234;n t&#7853;p nhi&#7873;u bu&#7893;i h&#417;n.</p></li><li><p>&#272;a s&#7889; ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p c&#243; th&#7875; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u v&#7899;i 2 bu&#7893;i/tu&#7847;n, nh&#432;ng m&#7897;t s&#7889; c&#243; th&#7875; c&#7847;n nhi&#7873;u bu&#7893;i h&#417;n, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng y&#7871;u v&#224; mu&#7889;n c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n (vd: Bench Press hay Squat).</p></li></ul><p><strong>C&#7843;m th&#7845;y ki&#7879;t s&#7913;c?</strong> Gi&#7843;m s&#7889; hi&#7879;p/bu&#7893;i, t&#259;ng t&#7847;n su&#7845;t</p><p><strong>Hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n gi&#7843;m r&#245; &#7903; cu&#7889;i bu&#7893;i?</strong> C&#243; th&#7875; b&#7841;n &#273;ang t&#7853;p v&#7899;i Volume m&#7895;i bu&#7893;i qu&#225; cao. H&#227;y th&#7917; ph&#226;n b&#7889; sang m&#7897;t bu&#7893;i kh&#225;c, ho&#7863;c gi&#7843;m &#273;i (vd: tri&#7879;t ti&#234;u nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#7897;ng t&#225;c tr&#249;ng l&#7863;p)</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[[Podcast] Tăng cơ hiệu quả: Volume hay Intensity ??]]></title><description><![CDATA[&#8220;M&#7897;t hi&#7879;p &#273;&#7871;n khi th&#7845;t b&#7841;i (failure) hay hai hi&#7879;p nh&#432;ng c&#242;n d&#432; reps (Reps in Reserve &#8211; RIR), c&#225;i n&#224;o gi&#250;p t&#259;ng c&#417; t&#7889;t h&#417;n?&#8221;]]></description><link>https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/podcast-tang-co-hieu-qua-volume-hay</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/podcast-tang-co-hieu-qua-volume-hay</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[The Thinking Trainer]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 21 May 2025 08:49:17 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/bbf709b9-0f03-43e3-9b0b-38e5c61f3996_1640x924.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>&#8220;M&#7897;t hi&#7879;p &#273;&#7871;n khi th&#7845;t b&#7841;i (failure) hay hai hi&#7879;p nh&#432;ng c&#242;n d&#432; reps (Reps in Reserve &#8211; RIR), c&#225;i n&#224;o gi&#250;p t&#259;ng c&#417; t&#7889;t h&#417;n?&#8221;</strong></p><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i r&#7845;t hay m&#224; nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p &#8212; k&#7875; c&#7843; ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#227; c&#243; kinh nghi&#7879;m &#8212; th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&#234;n b&#259;n kho&#259;n. G&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y, m&#236;nh nghe l&#7841;i m&#7897;t podcast chuy&#234;n s&#226;u t&#7915; <strong>DataDrivenStrength</strong>, n&#417;i c&#225;c chuy&#234;n gia &#273;&#224;o s&#226;u v&#224;o m&#7889;i quan h&#7879; gi&#7919;a <strong>volume (s&#7889; set)</strong> v&#224; <strong>intensity (&#273;&#7897; g&#7847;n failure)</strong> trong hypertrophy. V&#224; h&#7885; &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;a ra m&#7897;t c&#225;ch ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n r&#7845;t hay m&#224; m&#236;nh mu&#7889;n chia s&#7867; l&#7841;i v&#7899;i c&#225;c b&#7841;n.</p><p>&#129504;<strong> &#272;&#7847;u ti&#234;n, c&#7847;n hi&#7875;u r&#245; b&#7843;n ch&#7845;t c&#7911;a c&#226;u h&#7887;i:</strong></p><p>Vi&#7879;c h&#7887;i "C&#225;i n&#224;o t&#7889;t h&#417;n?" th&#7853;t ra kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911;, v&#236; k&#7871;t qu&#7843; ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c r&#7845;t l&#7899;n v&#224;o <strong>ng&#7919; c&#7843;nh</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>M&#7897;t set &#273;&#7871;n failure l&#224; trong <strong>b&#224;i g&#236;</strong>? M&#225;y hay t&#7841; t&#7921; do?</p></li><li><p>Hai set c&#242;n d&#432; reps l&#224; d&#432; bao nhi&#234;u? 2 hay 5?</p></li><li><p>M&#7895;i bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p c&#243; m&#7845;y b&#224;i, m&#7895;i tu&#7847;n t&#7853;p bao nhi&#234;u l&#7847;n?</p></li><li><p>T&#7893;ng s&#7889; set/tu&#7847;n l&#224; bao nhi&#234;u?</p></li></ul><p>Khi &#273;&#7863;t v&#224;o ng&#7919; c&#7843;nh c&#7909; th&#7875;, th&#236; ch&#250;ng ta m&#7899;i ph&#226;n t&#237;ch &#273;&#250;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; c&#7911;a <strong>volume vs. proximity to failure</strong>.</p><p>&#128202;<strong> Ph&#226;n t&#237;ch t&#7915; DataDrivenStrength:</strong></p><p><strong>1. Volume c&#243; m&#7889;i quan h&#7879; phi tuy&#7871;n v&#7899;i t&#259;ng c&#417;</strong></p><ul><li><p>Khi b&#7841;n m&#7899;i b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u ho&#7863;c &#273;ang t&#7853;p v&#7899;i <strong>kh&#7889;i l&#432;&#7907;ng th&#7845;p</strong> (d&#432;&#7899;i 8&#8211;10 set/nh&#243;m c&#417;/tu&#7847;n), th&#236; vi&#7879;c <strong>t&#259;ng s&#7889; set</strong> g&#7847;n nh&#432; lu&#244;n d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n t&#259;ng c&#417; t&#7889;t h&#417;n.</p></li><li><p>Tuy nhi&#234;n, khi b&#7841;n &#273;&#227; t&#7853;p &#7903; m&#7913;c <strong>cao h&#417;n (~12&#8211;20 set/tu&#7847;n)</strong>, hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; t&#7915; vi&#7879;c th&#234;m set <strong>gi&#7843;m d&#7847;n r&#245; r&#7879;t</strong>(diminishing returns).</p><ul><li><p>V&#237; d&#7909;: t&#259;ng t&#7915; 6 l&#234;n 10 set c&#243; th&#7875; t&#259;ng c&#417; r&#7845;t t&#7889;t. Nh&#432;ng t&#259;ng t&#7915; 16 l&#234;n 20 set th&#236; hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; s&#7869; th&#7845;p h&#417;n nhi&#7873;u.</p></li></ul></li></ul><p><strong>2. T&#7853;p &#273;&#7871;n failure ho&#7863;c s&#225;t failure c&#243; l&#7907;i &#237;ch tuy&#7871;n t&#237;nh h&#417;n</strong></p><ul><li><p>C&#224;ng ti&#7871;n g&#7847;n &#273;&#7871;n failure, b&#7841;n c&#224;ng huy &#273;&#7897;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nhi&#7873;u motor units (&#273;&#417;n v&#7883; v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng) &#8594; c&#417; c&#224;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c k&#237;ch th&#237;ch m&#7841;nh h&#417;n.</p></li><li><p>D&#249; ch&#432;a ph&#7843;i &#8220;fail rep&#8221;, nh&#432;ng t&#7853;p v&#7899;i 0&#8211;1&#8211;2 RIR s&#7869; hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; h&#417;n 3&#8211;5 RIR, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t trong c&#225;c b&#224;i c&#225;ch ly ho&#7863;c kh&#225;ng l&#7921;c th&#7845;p.</p></li></ul><p>&#128295;<strong> V&#7853;y n&#234;n ch&#7885;n h&#432;&#7899;ng n&#224;o?</strong></p><p><strong>C&#226;u tr&#7843; l&#7901;i kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; &#8220;ho&#7863;c c&#225;i n&#224;y &#8211; ho&#7863;c c&#225;i kia&#8221;</strong>, m&#224; l&#224;:</p><p><strong>&#8220;K&#7871;t h&#7907;p c&#7843; hai m&#7897;t c&#225;ch chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c.&#8221;</strong></p><p>&#128313;<strong> V&#7899;i c&#225;c b&#224;i compound (&#273;a kh&#7899;p, kh&#225;ng l&#7921;c l&#7899;n nh&#432; Squat, Deadlift, Bench Press):</strong></p><ul><li><p>D&#249;ng m&#7913;c RIR kho&#7843;ng <strong>1&#8211;3</strong> cho &#273;a ph&#7847;n c&#225;c set.</p></li><li><p>C&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#7875; <strong>set cu&#7889;i g&#7847;n failure</strong>, nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng b&#7855;t bu&#7897;c ph&#7843;i fail &#8211; nh&#7845;t l&#224; khi kh&#244;ng c&#243; spotter.</p></li></ul><p>&#128313;<strong> V&#7899;i c&#225;c b&#224;i isolation (machine, cable, dumbbell fly,&#8230;):</strong></p><ul><li><p>C&#243; th&#7875; &#273;i &#273;&#7871;n <strong>failure th&#7853;t s&#7921;</strong>, th&#7853;m ch&#237; d&#249;ng k&#7929; thu&#7853;t nh&#432; <strong>lengthened partials</strong>, drop set, v.v.</p></li></ul><p>&#128313;<strong> V&#7873; volume t&#7893;ng:</strong></p><ul><li><p>M&#7909;c ti&#234;u n&#234;n l&#224; <strong>moderate to high volume</strong> (8&#8211;15 sets/tu&#7847;n m&#7895;i nh&#243;m c&#417;).</p></li><li><p>Kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n t&#7853;p qu&#225; nhi&#7873;u, mi&#7877;n l&#224; b&#7841;n <strong>t&#7853;p ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng</strong> v&#224; <strong>&#273;&#7911; g&#7847;n failure trong ph&#7847;n l&#7899;n c&#225;c set</strong>.</p></li></ul><p>&#9989;<strong> K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n ch&#237;nh:</strong></p><p>&#129513; Volume t&#7841;o ra n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng t&#7893;ng th&#7875;,<br>&#128293; Nh&#432;ng Intensity (failure) l&#224; ch&#236;a kh&#243;a &#273;&#7875; t&#7853;n d&#7909;ng t&#7889;i &#273;a t&#7915;ng rep cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng.</p><p>Ngh&#297;a l&#224;:</p><ul><li><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n &#273;ang t&#7853;p &#237;t &#8594; <strong>t&#259;ng s&#7889; set s&#7869; c&#243; &#237;ch</strong>.</p></li><li><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n &#273;ang t&#7853;p nhi&#7873;u r&#7891;i &#8594; <strong>s&#225;t failure m&#7899;i l&#224; y&#7871;u t&#7889; k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t t&#259;ng c&#417; m&#7841;nh nh&#7845;t</strong>.</p></li></ul><p>&#128172;<strong> Quan &#273;i&#7875;m c&#225; nh&#226;n &amp; &#7912;ng d&#7909;ng:</strong></p><p>C&#225; nh&#226;n m&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#7885;n c&#225;ch "hybrid":</p><ul><li><p>C&#225;c b&#224;i compound: Th&#432;&#7901;ng r&#7845;t &#237;t khi &#273;&#7875; gi&#7901; &#273;&#7875; fail rep (Tr&#7915; khi &#225;p d&#7909;ng Plus Set &#273;&#7875; t&#259;ng ti&#7871;n), nh&#432;ng lu&#244;n &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o 1&#8211;2 set cu&#7889;i <strong>r&#7845;t s&#225;t failure</strong>.</p></li><li><p>C&#225;c b&#224;i m&#225;y: C&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#7875; h&#7885;c vi&#234;n &#273;i &#273;&#7871;n failure ho&#7863;c d&#249;ng k&#7929; thu&#7853;t t&#259;ng &#273;&#7897; kh&#243; cu&#7889;i hi&#7879;p.</p></li><li><p>T&#7893;ng s&#7889; set: Lu&#244;n &#7903; m&#7913;c &#273;&#7911; &#273;&#7875; c&#243; c&#7843;m gi&#225;c &#8220;n&#7863;ng v&#7873; volume&#8221; nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng t&#7899;i m&#7913;c &#8220;burnout&#8221;.</p></li></ul><p>C&#244;ng th&#7913;c n&#224;y gi&#250;p <strong>ti&#7871;n b&#7897; b&#7873;n v&#7919;ng</strong>, tr&#225;nh &#273;au nh&#7913;c qu&#225; nhi&#7873;u, m&#224; v&#7851;n &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; hypertrophy d&#224;i h&#7841;n.</p><p>&#128218;<strong> Tham kh&#7843;o g&#7889;c:</strong></p><p>B&#224;i vi&#7871;t n&#224;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c tr&#237;ch l&#7885;c v&#224; t&#7893;ng h&#7907;p t&#7915; video tr&#234;n k&#234;nh <strong>DataDrivenStrength</strong>, ti&#234;u &#273;&#7873;:<br>&#127909; <em>&#8220;Volume vs. Intensity: What DRIVES Muscle Growth?&#8221;</em></p><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng ngu&#7891;n podcast chuy&#234;n m&#244;n m&#236;nh &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; r&#7845;t cao, ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i c&#7843; ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p c&#243; kinh nghi&#7879;m v&#224; HLV mu&#7889;n &#273;&#224;o s&#226;u.</p><p>&#128483;&#65039;<strong> C&#242;n b&#7841;n th&#236; sao?</strong></p><p>B&#7841;n &#273;ang thi&#234;n v&#7873; Volume hay Intensity trong gi&#225;o &#225;n c&#7911;a m&#236;nh?<br>B&#7841;n c&#243; th&#432;&#7901;ng t&#7853;p &#273;&#7871;n failure? Hay b&#7841;n s&#7907; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng t&#7899;i h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c?</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[[TÓM TẮT PODCAST] – Tập nhiều có tốt hơn? Khi Khoa học ngắn hạn không trả lời được bài toán dài hạn]]></title><description><![CDATA[&#272;&#226;y l&#224; t&#243;m t&#7855;t n&#7897;i dung t&#7915; m&#7897;t t&#7853;p Podcast r&#7845;t &#273;&#225;ng suy ng&#7851;m c&#243; ti&#234;u &#273;&#7873;:]]></description><link>https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/tom-tat-podcast-tap-nhieu-co-tot</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/tom-tat-podcast-tap-nhieu-co-tot</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[The Thinking Trainer]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 18 May 2025 03:32:45 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/65f091f4-581d-4723-80da-188157d163b0_2255x1271.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; <strong>t&#243;m t&#7855;t n&#7897;i dung t&#7915; m&#7897;t t&#7853;p Podcast r&#7845;t &#273;&#225;ng suy ng&#7851;m</strong> c&#243; ti&#234;u &#273;&#7873;:<br>&#128073; <em>&#8220;Is Evidence-Based Fitness Wrong About This?&#8221;</em><br>N&#7897;i dung xoay quanh <strong>s&#7921; gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n c&#7911;a c&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n (8&#8211;12 tu&#7847;n)</strong> trong l&#297;nh v&#7921;c t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n, v&#224; c&#225;ch m&#224; nh&#7919;ng nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u n&#224;y c&#243; th&#7875; <strong>th&#7893;i ph&#7891;ng hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; c&#7911;a kh&#7889;i l&#432;&#7907;ng t&#7853;p (volume)</strong> n&#7871;u kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c hi&#7875;u &#273;&#250;ng.</p><p>&#129514;<strong> Nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n &#8211; K&#7871;t qu&#7843; &#7845;n t&#432;&#7907;ng nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng t&#225;i t&#7841;o &#273;&#432;&#7907;c</strong></p><p>Nhi&#7873;u nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u k&#233;o d&#224;i 6&#8211;8 tu&#7847;n b&#225;o c&#225;o nh&#7919;ng k&#7871;t qu&#7843; r&#7845;t &#8220;&#273;&#7865;p&#8221;:</p><ul><li><p>B&#7855;p tay t&#259;ng 3&#8211;7cm.</p></li><li><p>C&#417; &#273;&#249;i ph&#236;nh to ch&#7881; sau v&#224;i tu&#7847;n v&#7899;i high-volume training.</p></li></ul><p>Nh&#432;ng h&#227;y th&#224;nh th&#7853;t:<br>&#128313; N&#7871;u nh&#7919;ng k&#7871;t qu&#7843; &#273;&#243; <strong>l&#7863;p l&#7841;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c quanh n&#259;m</strong>, th&#236; ai c&#361;ng th&#224;nh V&#272;V th&#7875; h&#236;nh.<br>&#128313; N&#7871;u high volume lu&#244;n t&#7889;t h&#417;n, th&#236; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p 30 sets m&#7895;i tu&#7847;n s&#7869; <strong>v&#432;&#7907;t xa</strong> ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p 10&#8211;15 sets, nh&#432;ng th&#7921;c t&#7871; l&#7841;i kh&#244;ng h&#7859;n nh&#432; v&#7853;y.</p><p>&#128167;<strong> Swelling &#8211; S&#7921; th&#7853;t &#7849;n sau con s&#7889; &#8220;t&#259;ng c&#417;&#8221;</strong></p><p>M&#7897;t v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; l&#7899;n &#237;t ng&#432;&#7901;i n&#243;i &#273;&#7871;n: <strong>S&#432;ng (swelling)</strong>.</p><p>Swelling l&#224; ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng vi&#234;m sau t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n &#8211; &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t &#7903; nh&#7919;ng giai &#273;o&#7841;n &#273;&#7847;u khi c&#417; th&#7875; ch&#432;a quen stimulus. C&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u &#273;o k&#237;ch th&#432;&#7899;c c&#417; sau bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p cu&#7889;i th&#432;&#7901;ng <strong>r&#417;i &#273;&#250;ng v&#224;o giai &#273;o&#7841;n s&#432;ng m&#7841;nh nh&#7845;t</strong> (48&#8211;72h), d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n vi&#7879;c:</p><ul><li><p>Hi&#7875;u nh&#7847;m swelling l&#224; hypertrophy.</p></li><li><p>Cho r&#7857;ng volume cao v&#432;&#7907;t tr&#7897;i v&#7873; k&#7871;t qu&#7843;, trong khi ph&#7847;n &#8220;t&#259;ng&#8221; &#273;&#243; ch&#7881; l&#224; ph&#249; n&#7873;.</p></li></ul><p>&#129504; &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y c&#224;ng nghi&#234;m tr&#7885;ng khi <strong>volume c&#224;ng cao th&#236; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng s&#432;ng c&#224;ng l&#7899;n</strong>, c&#224;ng d&#7877; t&#7841;o &#7845;n t&#432;&#7907;ng &#8220;hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; h&#417;n&#8221; &#8211; d&#249; th&#7921;c t&#7871; l&#224; t&#7841;m th&#7901;i.</p><p>&#128201;<strong> Li&#7879;u volume cao c&#243; b&#7873;n v&#7919;ng?</strong></p><p>Ch&#250;ng ta c&#7847;n &#273;&#7863;t l&#7841;i c&#226;u h&#7887;i:</p><p>N&#7871;u kh&#7889;i l&#432;&#7907;ng t&#7853;p c&#224;ng cao th&#236; c&#224;ng hi&#7879;u qu&#7843;, v&#7853;y t&#7841;i sao r&#7845;t &#237;t ng&#432;&#7901;i duy tr&#236; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c volume cao quanh n&#259;m?</p><ul><li><p><strong>Ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7899;i t&#7853;p</strong> c&#243; th&#7875; th&#7845;y k&#7871;t qu&#7843; s&#7899;m &#8211; do hi&#7879;u &#7913;ng ban &#273;&#7847;u v&#224; c&#417; th&#7875; ch&#432;a quen.</p></li><li><p><strong>Ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p l&#226;u n&#259;m</strong> th&#236; h&#7847;u nh&#432; <strong>kh&#244;ng th&#7875; ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c t&#259;ng ti&#7871;n n&#7871;u c&#7913; duy tr&#236; high volume m&#227;i.</strong></p></li></ul><p>C&#225;c k&#7871;t qu&#7843; &#8220;&#7845;n t&#432;&#7907;ng&#8221; ch&#7881; x&#7843;y ra trong <strong>giai &#273;o&#7841;n r&#7845;t ng&#7855;n</strong>, kh&#244;ng th&#7875; l&#7863;p l&#7841;i v&#224; duy tr&#236; &#8211; &#273;i&#7873;u m&#224; c&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n kh&#244;ng th&#7875; ph&#7843;n &#225;nh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c.</p><p>&#129517;<strong> B&#224;i h&#7885;c cho ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#224;m ngh&#7873; hu&#7845;n luy&#7879;n</strong></p><p>N&#7871;u l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#224;m &#273;&#224;o t&#7841;o, l&#224;m content hay l&#224; m&#7897;t PT &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng khoa h&#7885;c v&#224;o t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n, b&#7841;n c&#7847;n t&#7881;nh t&#225;o v&#7899;i d&#7919; li&#7879;u nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u:</p><ul><li><p><strong>&#272;&#7915;ng l&#7845;y k&#7871;t qu&#7843; 8 tu&#7847;n &#273;&#7875; quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c 1 n&#259;m.</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>&#272;&#7915;ng &#273;&#7875; &#8220;khoa h&#7885;c&#8221; che m&#7901; s&#7921; th&#7853;t hi&#7875;n nhi&#234;n:</strong> Kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng c&#7847;n s&#7921; ti&#7871;n b&#7897; <strong>b&#7873;n v&#7919;ng</strong>, ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n &#8220;b&#7855;p tay ph&#236;nh to&#8221; r&#7891;i bi&#7871;n m&#7845;t sau 1 tu&#7847;n ngh&#7881; l&#7877;.</p></li><li><p><strong>Volume cao l&#224; m&#7897;t c&#244;ng c&#7909;, kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; kim ch&#7881; nam.</strong> Thay v&#236; c&#7889; g&#7855;ng nh&#7891;i nh&#233;t s&#7889; set, h&#227;y t&#7853;p trung v&#224;o:</p><ul><li><p>Ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng t&#7915;ng bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p.</p></li><li><p>Kh&#7843; n&#259;ng h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c c&#225; nh&#226;n.</p></li><li><p>T&#237;nh &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#7863;n v&#224; ki&#234;n tr&#236;.</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>&#9989;<strong> T&#7893;ng k&#7871;t</strong></p><p>Evidence-Based Training kh&#244;ng sai &#8211; nh&#432;ng <strong>c&#225;ch hi&#7875;u v&#224; &#225;p d&#7909;ng n&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; sai</strong>.<br>Gi&#7919;a m&#7897;t nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n v&#224; m&#7897;t c&#417; th&#7875; th&#7853;t &#273;ang s&#7889;ng, h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c v&#224; thay &#273;&#7893;i t&#7915;ng ng&#224;y &#8211; HLV gi&#7887;i l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i bi&#7871;t <strong>ph&#226;n bi&#7879;t c&#225;i g&#236; &#273;&#225;ng tin, c&#225;i g&#236; ch&#7881; l&#224; hi&#7879;u &#7913;ng t&#7913;c th&#7901;i.</strong></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA["Tập bao nhiêu set là đủ?" – Câu hỏi tưởng đơn giản nhưng không có đáp án chung]]></title><description><![CDATA[T&#243;m t&#7855;t Video "Volume &#8211; Low vs High", hai chuy&#234;n gia k&#7923; c&#7921;u &#8211; Jeff Alberts v&#224; Dr. Eric Helms]]></description><link>https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/tap-bao-nhieu-set-la-u-cau-hoi-tuong</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/tap-bao-nhieu-set-la-u-cau-hoi-tuong</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[The Thinking Trainer]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 21 Apr 2025 02:25:08 GMT</pubDate><enclosure 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BBBf!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F71f8a627-a33c-46fb-940c-b816ebceb8ea_1280x720.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BBBf!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F71f8a627-a33c-46fb-940c-b816ebceb8ea_1280x720.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BBBf!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F71f8a627-a33c-46fb-940c-b816ebceb8ea_1280x720.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BBBf!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F71f8a627-a33c-46fb-940c-b816ebceb8ea_1280x720.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Trong th&#7871; gi&#7899;i t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t l&#224; bodybuilding t&#7921; nhi&#234;n, <strong>kh&#7889;i l&#432;&#7907;ng t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n (training volume)</strong> lu&#244;n l&#224; m&#7897;t ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; g&#226;y tranh c&#227;i.</p><ul><li><p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i n&#224;y t&#7853;p 6 set/tu&#7847;n, v&#7851;n ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n &#273;&#7873;u.</p></li><li><p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i kia t&#7853;p 30 set/tu&#7847;n, c&#361;ng &#273;&#7841;t th&#224;nh t&#237;ch &#273;&#7897;t ph&#225;</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LfzN!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F64f150a0-ceef-445a-8a88-91f3965ba88d_2048x945.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LfzN!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F64f150a0-ceef-445a-8a88-91f3965ba88d_2048x945.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LfzN!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F64f150a0-ceef-445a-8a88-91f3965ba88d_2048x945.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LfzN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F64f150a0-ceef-445a-8a88-91f3965ba88d_2048x945.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LfzN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F64f150a0-ceef-445a-8a88-91f3965ba88d_2048x945.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LfzN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F64f150a0-ceef-445a-8a88-91f3965ba88d_2048x945.jpeg" width="1456" height="672" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LfzN!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F64f150a0-ceef-445a-8a88-91f3965ba88d_2048x945.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LfzN!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F64f150a0-ceef-445a-8a88-91f3965ba88d_2048x945.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LfzN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F64f150a0-ceef-445a-8a88-91f3965ba88d_2048x945.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LfzN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F64f150a0-ceef-445a-8a88-91f3965ba88d_2048x945.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dAyC!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d1b3571-ec93-4c81-b796-8881f9bca2f0_2048x945.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dAyC!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d1b3571-ec93-4c81-b796-8881f9bca2f0_2048x945.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dAyC!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d1b3571-ec93-4c81-b796-8881f9bca2f0_2048x945.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dAyC!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d1b3571-ec93-4c81-b796-8881f9bca2f0_2048x945.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dAyC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d1b3571-ec93-4c81-b796-8881f9bca2f0_2048x945.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dAyC!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6d1b3571-ec93-4c81-b796-8881f9bca2f0_2048x945.jpeg" width="1456" height="672" 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pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p></li><li><p>V&#7853;y ai &#273;&#250;ng? Hay c&#226;u h&#7887;i &#273;&#250;ng l&#224;: <strong>"B&#7841;n n&#234;n t&#7853;p bao nhi&#234;u set?"</strong></p></li></ul><p>Trong video <em>"Volume &#8211; Low vs High"</em>, hai chuy&#234;n gia k&#7923; c&#7921;u &#8211; <strong>Jeff Alberts</strong> v&#224; <strong>Dr. Eric Helms</strong> &#8211; chia s&#7867; hai tr&#432;&#7901;ng ph&#225;i t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n tr&#225;i ng&#432;&#7907;c, nh&#432;ng c&#249;ng h&#432;&#7899;ng t&#7899;i m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7875;m chung:</p><p><strong>C&#225; nh&#226;n h&#243;a volume l&#224; y&#7871;u t&#7889; s&#7889;ng c&#242;n n&#7871;u b&#7841;n mu&#7889;n ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n l&#226;u d&#224;i.</strong></p><p>B&#224;i vi&#7871;t n&#224;y s&#7869; t&#243;m t&#7855;t l&#7841;i to&#224;n b&#7897; n&#7897;i dung ch&#237;nh trong video, chia th&#224;nh t&#7915;ng ph&#7847;n d&#7877; ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n v&#224; ph&#226;n t&#237;ch s&#226;u &#273;&#7875; b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; t&#7921; &#225;p d&#7909;ng cho h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n c&#7911;a m&#236;nh.</p><p>D&#432;&#7899;i &#273;&#226;y l&#224; ph&#7847;n t&#243;m t&#7855;t nhanh, chi ti&#7871;t m&#7901;i b&#7841;n xem th&#234;m &#7903; d&#432;&#7899;i sau ph&#7847;n t&#243;m t&#7855;t :</p><p><strong>1. </strong>&#128202;<strong> Volume kh&#244;ng c&#7889; &#273;&#7883;nh &#8211; Ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o c&#225; nh&#226;n</strong></p><p>Kh&#244;ng c&#243; m&#7913;c volume "chu&#7849;n" cho t&#7845;t c&#7843; m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i. Jeff v&#224; Eric &#273;&#7873;u b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#7915; volume hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p, ki&#7875;m tra kh&#7843; n&#259;ng h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c, v&#224; quan s&#225;t m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; ti&#7871;n b&#7897;. Volume ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t &#273;&#242;n b&#7849;y, kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i kim ch&#7881; nam.</p><p><strong>2. </strong>&#128170;<strong> Hai phong c&#225;ch &#273;&#7889;i l&#7853;p: Jeff vs Eric</strong></p><ul><li><p><strong>Jeff Alberts</strong>: Volume r&#7845;t th&#7845;p (6&#8211;8 sets/muscle/week), nh&#432;ng t&#7853;p c&#7921;c k&#7923; t&#7853;p trung, k&#7929; thu&#7853;t cao, h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c ch&#7853;m.</p></li><li><p><strong>Eric Helms</strong>: Volume r&#7845;t cao (30&#8211;45 sets/muscle/week), d&#249;ng drop set, rest-pause, nh&#432;ng v&#7851;n gi&#7919; c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; cao v&#224; ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i t&#7889;t.</p></li></ul><p><strong>3. </strong>&#129504;<strong> Ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng h&#417;n s&#7889; l&#432;&#7907;ng</strong></p><p>Tr&#432;&#7899;c khi ngh&#297; &#273;&#7871;n vi&#7879;c t&#259;ng s&#7889; set, h&#227;y ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n r&#7857;ng b&#7841;n &#273;&#227;:</p><ul><li><p>T&#7853;p &#273;&#250;ng k&#7929; thu&#7853;t</p></li><li><p>Ti&#7871;n g&#7847;n &#273;&#7871;n th&#7845;t b&#7841;i (RPE 8&#8211;10)</p></li><li><p>H&#7891;i ph&#7909;c t&#7889;t gi&#7919;a c&#225;c bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p</p></li></ul><p><strong>4. </strong>&#128201;<strong> Khi n&#224;o n&#234;n t&#259;ng volume?</strong></p><ul><li><p>Khi b&#7841;n <strong>&#273;&#227; b&#7883; plateau</strong> v&#224; v&#7851;n <strong>h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c t&#7889;t</strong></p></li><li><p>Volume n&#234;n t&#259;ng t&#7915; t&#7915; (10&#8211;20%), kh&#244;ng n&#234;n nh&#7843;y v&#7885;t</p></li><li><p>&#272;&#7915;ng t&#259;ng volume n&#7871;u b&#7841;n v&#7851;n &#273;ang ti&#7871;n b&#7897; ho&#7863;c ch&#432;a ki&#7875;m so&#225;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c k&#7929; thu&#7853;t/c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897;</p></li></ul><p><strong>5. </strong>&#128218;<strong> Volume 10&#8211;20 sets: ch&#7881; l&#224; trung b&#236;nh</strong></p><p>Nhi&#7873;u meta-analysis ch&#7881; ra kho&#7843;ng 10&#8211;20 sets/muscle/week l&#224; hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; trung b&#236;nh. Nh&#432;ng:</p><ul><li><p>1/3 ng&#432;&#7901;i ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n t&#7889;t v&#7899;i <strong>low volume (&lt;10 sets)</strong></p></li><li><p>1/3 ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#7847;n <strong>high volume (&gt;20 sets)</strong></p></li><li><p>1/3 ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#244;ng kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t nhi&#7873;u</p></li></ul><p><strong>6. </strong>&#129516;<strong> T&#7841;i sao m&#7895;i ng&#432;&#7901;i ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng kh&#225;c nhau?</strong></p><p>Ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i volume ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o:</p><ul><li><p>Ki&#7875;u s&#7907;i c&#417; (Type I hay Type II)</p></li><li><p>Tu&#7893;i t&#225;c, tu&#7893;i ngh&#7873;</p></li><li><p>L&#7889;i s&#7889;ng, stress, dinh d&#432;&#7905;ng</p></li><li><p>Kh&#7843; n&#259;ng h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c th&#7847;n kinh v&#224; c&#417; b&#7855;p</p></li></ul><p><strong>7. </strong>&#128300;<strong> L&#224;m sao &#273;&#7875; bi&#7871;t m&#236;nh h&#7907;p v&#7899;i volume n&#224;o?</strong></p><p>C&#226;u tr&#7843; l&#7901;i: <strong>Th&#7917; nghi&#7879;m c&#225; nh&#226;n</strong>.</p><ul><li><p>B&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#7915; m&#7913;c th&#7845;p</p></li><li><p>Theo d&#245;i ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng trong 4&#8211;6 tu&#7847;n</p></li><li><p>N&#7871;u b&#7883; plateau v&#224; v&#7851;n h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c t&#7889;t &#8594; t&#259;ng nh&#7865; volume</p></li><li><p>L&#7863;p l&#7841;i qu&#225; tr&#236;nh ki&#7875;m tra nhi&#7873;u l&#7847;n</p></li></ul><p><strong>8. </strong>&#9989;<strong> T&#7893;ng k&#7871;t &amp; B&#224;i h&#7885;c c&#7889;t l&#245;i</strong></p><ul><li><p>Volume hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; l&#224; volume b&#7841;n <strong>c&#243; th&#7875; h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c</strong> v&#224; <strong>gi&#250;p b&#7841;n ti&#7871;n b&#7897;</strong></p></li><li><p>&#272;&#7915;ng sao ch&#233;p gi&#225;o &#225;n c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#225;c m&#224; kh&#244;ng hi&#7875;u c&#417; th&#7875; m&#236;nh</p></li><li><p>T&#7853;p luy&#7879;n hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; = K&#7929; thu&#7853;t t&#7889;t + C&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; h&#7907;p l&#253; + H&#7891;i ph&#7909;c &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911;</p></li></ul><p>"T&#244;i ch&#432;a bao gi&#7901; t&#259;ng volume khi c&#242;n &#273;ang ti&#7871;n b&#7897;." &#8212; Eric Helms</p><p>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;</p><h2>&#128202;<strong> 1. Volume kh&#244;ng c&#7889; &#273;&#7883;nh &#8211; Ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o c&#225; nh&#226;n</strong></h2><p>&#128269;<strong> Kh&#244;ng c&#243; &#8220;m&#7897;t m&#7913;c volume chu&#7849;n&#8221; cho t&#7845;t c&#7843; m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i</strong></p><ul><li><p>C&#7843; <strong>Jeff Alberts</strong> v&#224; <strong>Eric Helms</strong> &#273;&#7873;u nh&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c b&#236;nh lu&#7853;n t&#7915; kh&#225;n gi&#7843; th&#7855;c m&#7855;c v&#7873; s&#7921; kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t trong volume t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n c&#7911;a h&#7885;:</p><ul><li><p>Jeff b&#7883; h&#7887;i: <em>"Sao t&#7853;p &#237;t th&#7871;?"</em></p></li><li><p>Eric b&#7883; h&#7887;i: <em>"Sao t&#7853;p nhi&#7873;u th&#7871;?"</em></p></li></ul></li><li><p>&#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y ph&#7843;n &#225;nh <strong>t&#432; duy sai l&#7847;m ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n</strong>: ngh&#297; r&#7857;ng c&#243; m&#7897;t con s&#7889; &#8220;&#273;&#250;ng&#8221; v&#7873; volume cho t&#7845;t c&#7843; m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i.</p></li></ul><p>&#128200;<strong> Kh&#7889;i l&#432;&#7907;ng t&#7853;p ph&#7843;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#225; nh&#226;n h&#243;a (Individualized Volume Prescription)</strong></p><p>Jeff v&#224; Eric &#8211; d&#249; &#273;&#7873;u l&#224; nh&#7919;ng hu&#7845;n luy&#7879;n vi&#234;n kinh nghi&#7879;m &#8211; <strong>kh&#244;ng bao gi&#7901; &#225;p d&#7909;ng c&#249;ng m&#7897;t volume cho m&#7885;i h&#7885;c vi&#234;n</strong>. Thay v&#224;o &#273;&#243;, h&#7885; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u t&#7915;:</p><ol><li><p><strong>Volume hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i</strong> c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p.</p></li><li><p><strong>T&#236;nh tr&#7841;ng ti&#7871;n b&#7897;</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>&#272;ang ti&#7871;n b&#7897;?</p></li><li><p>B&#7883; plateau?</p></li><li><p>Hay c&#243; d&#7845;u hi&#7879;u qu&#225; t&#7843;i?</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Kh&#7843; n&#259;ng ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#243; <strong>c&#243; h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c k&#7883;p</strong> gi&#7919;a c&#225;c bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p kh&#244;ng?</p></li><li><p>H&#7885; <strong>c&#7843;m th&#7845;y kh&#7887;e</strong> hay <strong>m&#7879;t m&#7887;i, tr&#236; tr&#7879;</strong> sau m&#7895;i bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p?</p></li></ul></li></ol><p>&#129504;<strong> T&#432; duy l&#7853;p tr&#236;nh t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n: &#8220;Efficiency First&#8221;</strong></p><ul><li><p>Eric chia s&#7867;: Tr&#432;&#7899;c khi ngh&#297; t&#7899;i t&#259;ng volume, c&#7847;n <strong>t&#7889;i &#432;u h&#243;a hi&#7879;u qu&#7843;</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>K&#7929; thu&#7853;t th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n.</p></li><li><p>Proximity to failure (&#273;&#7897; c&#7853;n th&#7845;t b&#7841;i).</p></li><li><p>S&#7921; t&#7853;p trung trong t&#7915;ng rep.</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>&#9193; Ch&#7881; khi c&#225;c y&#7871;u t&#7889; n&#224;y <strong>&#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#7889;i &#432;u m&#224; v&#7851;n kh&#244;ng ti&#7871;n b&#7897;</strong>, th&#236; m&#7899;i <strong>xem x&#233;t t&#259;ng volume</strong>.</p><p>&#128201;<strong> Volume cao kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#250;c n&#224;o c&#361;ng t&#7889;t</strong></p><ul><li><p>C&#243; ng&#432;&#7901;i <strong>&#273;&#225;p &#7913;ng t&#7889;t v&#7899;i &#237;t volume</strong> (nh&#432; Jeff), c&#243; ng&#432;&#7901;i <strong>c&#7847;n nhi&#7873;u volume m&#7899;i t&#259;ng ti&#7871;n</strong> (nh&#432; Eric).</p></li><li><p>Volume qu&#225; cao trong khi kh&#244;ng h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c k&#7883;p &#8594; <strong>hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; t&#7853;p gi&#7843;m</strong>, d&#7877; ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng, m&#7845;t &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c.</p></li></ul><p>&#128260;<strong> Volume l&#224; m&#7897;t bi&#7871;n s&#7889; &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh li&#234;n t&#7909;c</strong></p><ul><li><p>Coaching t&#7889;t kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; &#225;p d&#7909;ng &#8220;m&#7851;u s&#7889; chung&#8221;, m&#224; l&#224; <strong>&#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh c&#225; nh&#226;n d&#7921;a tr&#234;n ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i th&#7921;c t&#7871;</strong>.</p></li><li><p>Volume l&#224; m&#7897;t <strong>&#273;&#242;n b&#7849;y (lever)</strong> trong h&#7879; th&#7889;ng hu&#7845;n luy&#7879;n &#8211; kh&#244;ng n&#234;n xem l&#224; y&#7871;u t&#7889; c&#7889; &#273;&#7883;nh.</p></li></ul><h2>&#128170;<strong> 2. V&#237; d&#7909; c&#225; nh&#226;n &#8211; Jeff vs Eric: Hai th&#7871; gi&#7899;i &#273;&#7889;i l&#7853;p v&#7873; volume</strong></h2><p>Cu&#7897;c &#273;&#7889;i tho&#7841;i gi&#7919;a Jeff Alberts v&#224; Eric Helms h&#233; l&#7897; hai phong c&#225;ch t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n g&#7847;n nh&#432; <strong>tr&#225;i ng&#432;&#7907;c ho&#224;n to&#224;n</strong> &#8211; t&#7915; s&#7889; l&#432;&#7907;ng set, c&#225;ch t&#7893; ch&#7913;c bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p, &#273;&#7871;n t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i.</p><p>&#129492;<strong> Jeff Alberts &#8211; Tr&#432;&#7901;ng ph&#225;i "Th&#7845;p nh&#432;ng Ch&#7845;t"</strong></p><p>&#128201;<strong> Volume:</strong></p><ul><li><p>Trung b&#236;nh <strong>6&#8211;8 sets/tu&#7847;n</strong> cho h&#7847;u h&#7871;t c&#225;c nh&#243;m c&#417;.</p></li><li><p><strong>Nh&#243;m nhi&#7873;u nh&#7845;t</strong> l&#224; <strong>l&#432;ng (back)</strong>: ~9 sets/tu&#7847;n.</p></li><li><p><strong>Triceps</strong>: ch&#7881; 3 sets tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p + gi&#225;n ti&#7871;p t&#7915; c&#225;c b&#224;i press (t&#7893;ng ~9 sets n&#7871;u c&#7897;ng l&#7841;i).</p></li></ul><p>&#128293;<strong> C&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; &#8211; Intent:</strong></p><ul><li><p>T&#7853;p <strong>c&#7853;n th&#7845;t b&#7841;i ho&#7863;c &#273;&#7871;n th&#7845;t b&#7841;i</strong> &#7903; b&#224;i ph&#249; h&#7907;p.</p></li><li><p><strong>Ki&#7875;m so&#225;t tempo</strong>, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t eccentric (negative).</p></li><li><p>T&#7853;p r&#7845;t &#8220;c&#243; t&#226;m&#8221; trong t&#7915;ng rep: m&#7895;i rep &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; m&#7909;c &#273;&#237;ch r&#245; r&#224;ng, kh&#244;ng v&#7897;i v&#224;ng.<br><em>&#8220;Let me fight gravity here.&#8221;</em><br></p></li></ul><p>&#128564;<strong> H&#7891;i ph&#7909;c ch&#7853;m:</strong></p><ul><li><p>Ch&#7881; v&#224;i set <strong>pull-down n&#7863;ng</strong>, h&#244;m sau &#273;&#227; m&#7879;t v&#224; c&#7843;m th&#7845;y v&#249;ng l&#432;ng r&#245; r&#7879;t.</p></li><li><p>C&#7847;n nhi&#7873;u th&#7901;i gian ngh&#7881; gi&#7919;a c&#225;c bu&#7893;i &#273;&#7875; h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c ho&#224;n to&#224;n.<br><em>&#8220;I&#8217;m on the couch with Diet Coke watching NBA.&#8221;</em><br></p></li></ul><p>&#129504;<strong> Eric Helms &#8211; Tr&#432;&#7901;ng ph&#225;i "Volume Cao, C&#243; Ki&#7875;m So&#225;t"</strong></p><p>&#128200;<strong> Volume:</strong></p><ul><li><p>V&#237; d&#7909; c&#7909; th&#7875;:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Triceps</strong>: <strong>45 sets/tu&#7847;n</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Biceps</strong>: <strong>36 sets/tu&#7847;n</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Quads</strong>: <strong>16 sets/tu&#7847;n</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Lats</strong>: <strong>28 sets</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Posterior chain (PCS)</strong>: <strong>26 sets</strong></p></li></ul></li></ul><ul><li><p>S&#7917; d&#7909;ng k&#7929; thu&#7853;t n&#226;ng cao:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Drop sets</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Rest-pause</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Paired sets</strong></p></li><li><p>Ch&#7885;n b&#224;i t&#7853;p t&#7889;i &#432;u &#273;&#7875; x&#7917; l&#253; kh&#7889;i l&#432;&#7907;ng l&#7899;n.</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>&#9889;<strong> C&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; &#8211; Kh&#244;ng h&#7873; "nh&#7865; tay":</strong></p><ul><li><p>D&#249; volume l&#7899;n, Eric v&#7851;n:</p><ul><li><p>T&#7853;p &#7903; <strong>RPE 8&#8211;10</strong>.</p></li><li><p>Set &#273;&#7847;u c&#243; th&#7875; RPE 8, set cu&#7889;i l&#234;n t&#7899;i RPE 9&#8211;10.</p></li><li><p>&#272;&#259;ng video minh ch&#7913;ng &#8211; kh&#244;ng h&#7873; &#8220;sandbagging&#8221;.</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>&#128640;<strong> H&#7891;i ph&#7909;c nhanh:</strong></p><ul><li><p>C&#417; th&#7875; ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng t&#7889;t v&#7899;i kh&#7889;i l&#432;&#7907;ng l&#7899;n, &#237;t m&#7879;t m&#7887;i k&#233;o d&#224;i.</p></li><li><p>Ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i &#273;&#7911; &#273;&#7875; duy tr&#236; l&#7883;ch t&#7853;p 5&#8211;6 bu&#7893;i/tu&#7847;n v&#7899;i volume cao.</p></li></ul><p>&#128257;<strong> S&#7921; kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t n&#7893;i b&#7853;t nh&#7845;t</strong></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JcyU!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe65d7fc7-5936-4898-a917-483261472430_1118x430.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JcyU!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe65d7fc7-5936-4898-a917-483261472430_1118x430.png 424w, 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JcyU!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe65d7fc7-5936-4898-a917-483261472430_1118x430.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JcyU!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe65d7fc7-5936-4898-a917-483261472430_1118x430.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JcyU!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe65d7fc7-5936-4898-a917-483261472430_1118x430.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!JcyU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe65d7fc7-5936-4898-a917-483261472430_1118x430.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>&#129504;<strong> K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n:</strong></p><ul><li><p>Hai ng&#432;&#7901;i <strong>c&#249;ng c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897;</strong>, c&#249;ng nghi&#234;m t&#250;c, nh&#432;ng c&#417; th&#7875; &#273;&#225;p &#7913;ng kh&#225;c nhau.</p></li><li><p>M&#7895;i ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#236;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;i&#7875;m &#8220;sweet spot&#8221; ri&#234;ng cho m&#236;nh &#8211; v&#224; &#273;&#243; l&#224; <strong>&#273;i&#7873;u m&#224; m&#7895;i ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n c&#7847;n t&#7921; t&#236;m ra</strong>.</p></li></ul><h2>&#129504;<strong> 3. Ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng h&#417;n s&#7889; l&#432;&#7907;ng</strong></h2><p>(<em>Quality over Quantity &#8211; The Efficiency Principle</em>)</p><p>&#127919;<strong> Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i c&#7913; nhi&#7873;u set l&#224; t&#7889;t</strong></p><p>C&#7843; Jeff v&#224; Eric &#273;&#7873;u <strong>ph&#7843;n &#273;&#7889;i vi&#7879;c t&#259;ng volume v&#244; t&#7897;i v&#7841;</strong>, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t n&#7871;u &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; l&#224;m gi&#7843;m:</p><ul><li><p><strong>K&#7929; thu&#7853;t th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n.</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>M&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; t&#7853;p trung (intentionality).</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Kh&#7843; n&#259;ng h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c.</strong></p></li></ul><p>&#128073; Volume <strong>ch&#7881; hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; khi b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; t&#7853;p &#273;&#7911; ch&#7845;t trong t&#7915;ng set.</strong><br>N&#7871;u kh&#244;ng, &#273;&#243; ch&#7881; l&#224;&#8230; th&#234;m m&#7879;t ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng th&#234;m c&#417;!</p><p>&#128293;<strong> Jeff &#8211; Ch&#7911; ngh&#297;a T&#7889;i Gi&#7843;n C&#243; &#221; &#272;&#7891;</strong></p><p>Jeff l&#224; v&#237; d&#7909; r&#245; n&#233;t c&#7911;a vi&#7879;c:<br><strong>T&#7853;p &#237;t, nh&#432;ng t&#7915;ng set mang s&#7913;c n&#7863;ng t&#7889;i &#273;a v&#7873; k&#237;ch th&#237;ch.</strong></p><ul><li><p><strong>Proximity to failure (&#273;&#7897; c&#7853;n th&#7845;t b&#7841;i)</strong>: 1&#8211;2 reps c&#242;n l&#7841;i, set cu&#7889;i th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7871;n failure.</p></li><li><p><strong>Ki&#7875;m so&#225;t tempo</strong> (&#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t negative) v&#224; h&#7841;n ch&#7871; d&#249;ng momentum.</p></li><li><p><strong>Ch&#7911; &#273;&#7897;ng &#8220;d&#7851;n d&#7855;t&#8221; t&#7915;ng rep</strong>, kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7875; tr&#7885;ng l&#7921;c hay th&#243;i quen ki&#7875;m so&#225;t b&#7841;n.</p></li></ul><p><em>&#8220;M&#7895;i rep &#273;&#7873;u nh&#432; m&#7897;t b&#7843;n nh&#7841;c m&#236;nh ch&#417;i live. Kh&#244;ng c&#243; rep n&#224;o l&#224; d&#432; th&#7915;a.&#8221;</em></p><p>&#129521;<strong> Eric &#8211; Volume cao nh&#432;ng v&#7851;n ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng</strong></p><p>Eric d&#249; t&#7853;p r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u, v&#7851;n <strong>kh&#244;ng h&#7873; "l&#224;m cho c&#243;"</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>T&#7845;t c&#7843; c&#225;c set &#273;&#7873;u n&#7857;m trong v&#249;ng <strong>RPE 8&#8211;10.</strong></p></li><li><p>Set &#273;&#7847;u &#273;&#227; g&#7847;n th&#7845;t b&#7841;i, set sau ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n &#273;&#7849;y &#273;&#7871;n gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n.</p></li><li><p>C&#225;c b&#224;i compound (nh&#432; squat, bench) &#273;&#432;&#7907;c l&#7853;p tr&#236;nh chu &#273;&#225;o &#273;&#7875; ki&#7875;m so&#225;t m&#7879;t m&#7887;i trong ng&#224;y.</p></li></ul><p><em>&#8220;C&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; c&#7911;a t&#244;i kh&#244;ng th&#7845;p h&#417;n Jeff. T&#244;i ch&#7881; l&#224;m &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243;&#8230; nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n anh &#7845;y!&#8221;</em></p><p>&#128736;&#65039;<strong> Nguy&#234;n t&#7855;c k&#7929; thu&#7853;t tr&#432;&#7899;c &#8211; volume sau</strong></p><p>Jeff v&#224; Eric &#273;&#7891;ng thu&#7853;n:</p><ol><li><p><strong>&#272;&#7847;u ti&#234;n</strong>: &#272;&#7843;m b&#7843;o k&#7929; thu&#7853;t t&#7889;t, t&#7853;p trung cao &#273;&#7897;, th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n b&#224;i t&#7853;p &#273;&#250;ng c&#225;ch.</p></li><li><p><strong>Sau &#273;&#243;</strong>: T&#7889;i &#432;u ho&#225; c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; (&#273;&#7849;y g&#7847;n &#273;&#7871;n failure).</p></li><li><p><strong>Cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng</strong>: N&#7871;u v&#7851;n b&#7883; plateau, <strong>m&#7899;i xem x&#233;t t&#259;ng volume.</strong></p></li></ol><p>&#128073; &#272;&#226;y l&#224; l&#7897; tr&#236;nh n&#226;ng cao hi&#7879;u su&#7845;t h&#7907;p l&#253;, tr&#225;nh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7921; l&#227;ng ph&#237; trong t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n v&#224; h&#7841;n ch&#7871; nguy c&#417; qu&#225; t&#7843;i.</p><p>&#129504;<strong> M&#7897;t v&#224;i c&#226;u n&#243;i &#8220;&#273;&#7855;t gi&#225;&#8221;:</strong></p><p><strong>&#8220;N&#7871;u b&#7841;n kh&#244;ng h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c n&#7893;i th&#236; volume cao &#273;&#7871;n m&#7845;y c&#361;ng v&#244; ngh&#297;a.&#8221;</strong></p><p><strong>&#8220;B&#7841;n mu&#7889;n l&#224;m c&#224;ng &#237;t c&#224;ng t&#7889;t, mi&#7877;n l&#224; n&#243; mang l&#7841;i k&#7871;t qu&#7843;. &#272;&#243; l&#224; hi&#7879;u su&#7845;t.&#8221;</strong></p><p>&#128201;<strong> 4. Khi n&#224;o n&#234;n t&#259;ng volume &#8211; Logic trong vi&#7879;c "&#273;&#7853;p th&#234;m set"</strong></p><p>&#10060;<strong> Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i c&#7913; mu&#7889;n to l&#224; t&#259;ng volume</strong></p><p>Jeff v&#224; Eric c&#7843;nh b&#225;o:</p><p><strong>Volume kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; &#273;&#242;n b&#7849;y &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n b&#7841;n n&#234;n s&#7917; d&#7909;ng.</strong><br>Tr&#432;&#7899;c khi &#8220;&#273;&#7853;p th&#234;m set&#8221;, h&#227;y t&#7921; h&#7887;i:</p><ol><li><p><strong>B&#7841;n c&#243; &#273;ang ti&#7871;n b&#7897; kh&#244;ng?</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>B&#7841;n c&#243; &#273;ang h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911; kh&#244;ng?</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>B&#7841;n &#273;&#227; t&#7889;i &#432;u k&#7929; thu&#7853;t, c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897;, dinh d&#432;&#7905;ng ch&#432;a?</strong></p></li></ol><p>&#128073; N&#7871;u <strong>c&#226;u tr&#7843; l&#7901;i l&#224; &#8220;ch&#432;a&#8221;</strong> &#7903; b&#7845;t k&#7923; y&#7871;u t&#7889; n&#224;o tr&#234;n, <strong>vi&#7879;c t&#259;ng volume c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224;m ph&#7843;n t&#225;c d&#7909;ng</strong>.</p><p>&#129504;<strong> Nguy&#234;n t&#7855;c logic c&#7911;a Eric (v&#224; Jeff &#273;&#7891;ng &#253;):</strong></p><p>&#128313;<strong> B&#432;&#7899;c 1: H&#7887;i &#8211; &#8220;T&#244;i c&#243; h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c kh&#244;ng?&#8221;</strong></p><ul><li><p>N&#7871;u <strong>kh&#244;ng h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c</strong>, th&#236; <strong>&#273;&#7915;ng t&#259;ng volume.</strong></p></li><li><p>D&#249; volume cao c&#243; th&#7875; hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; tr&#234;n l&#253; thuy&#7871;t, nh&#432;ng n&#7871;u b&#7841;n kh&#244;ng ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i &#8594; <strong>kh&#244;ng k&#237;ch th&#237;ch &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#259;ng tr&#432;&#7903;ng</strong>.</p></li></ul><p>&#128313;<strong> B&#432;&#7899;c 2: H&#7887;i &#8211; &#8220;T&#244;i c&#243; &#273;ang ti&#7871;n b&#7897; kh&#244;ng?&#8221;</strong></p><ul><li><p>N&#7871;u <strong>v&#7851;n &#273;ang t&#259;ng l&#7921;c/t&#259;ng reps/c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n form</strong> &#8594; <strong>KH&#212;NG c&#7847;n t&#259;ng volume.</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Ch&#7881; t&#259;ng volume khi b&#7841;n &#273;&#227; b&#7883; plateau (d&#7853;m ch&#226;n t&#7841;i ch&#7895;)</strong>.</p></li></ul><p>&#128260;<strong> Khi n&#224;o t&#259;ng volume l&#224; h&#7907;p l&#253;?</strong></p><p><strong>Ch&#7881; n&#234;n t&#259;ng volume khi:</strong></p><ul><li><p>B&#7841;n <strong>kh&#244;ng ti&#7871;n b&#7897;</strong>,</p></li><li><p>B&#7841;n <strong>v&#7851;n h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c t&#7889;t</strong>,</p></li><li><p>V&#224; c&#225;c y&#7871;u t&#7889; k&#7929; thu&#7853;t, &#259;n u&#7889;ng, ngh&#7881; ng&#417;i &#273;&#227; <strong>&#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh</strong>.</p></li></ul><p>&#128202;<strong> M&#7897;t c&#225;ch ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n b&#224;i b&#7843;n:</strong></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!KoyW!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e722d1-c91f-4bdd-9387-ee2413c5b701_1144x420.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!KoyW!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e722d1-c91f-4bdd-9387-ee2413c5b701_1144x420.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!KoyW!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e722d1-c91f-4bdd-9387-ee2413c5b701_1144x420.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!KoyW!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e722d1-c91f-4bdd-9387-ee2413c5b701_1144x420.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!KoyW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e722d1-c91f-4bdd-9387-ee2413c5b701_1144x420.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!KoyW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e722d1-c91f-4bdd-9387-ee2413c5b701_1144x420.png" width="1144" height="420" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!KoyW!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e722d1-c91f-4bdd-9387-ee2413c5b701_1144x420.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!KoyW!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e722d1-c91f-4bdd-9387-ee2413c5b701_1144x420.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!KoyW!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e722d1-c91f-4bdd-9387-ee2413c5b701_1144x420.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!KoyW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F23e722d1-c91f-4bdd-9387-ee2413c5b701_1144x420.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>&#129504;<strong> C&#226;u n&#243;i then ch&#7889;t:</strong></p><p>&#8220;T&#244;i <strong>ch&#432;a bao gi&#7901; t&#259;ng volume khi v&#7851;n c&#242;n ti&#7871;n b&#7897;.</strong><br>T&#244;i ch&#7881; t&#259;ng volume khi b&#7883; plateau, v&#224; &#273;&#227; th&#7917; m&#7885;i th&#7913; kh&#225;c tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#243;.&#8221;</p><p>&#128073; <strong>Volume l&#224; c&#244;ng c&#7909; &#8211; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; kim ch&#7881; nam.</strong><br>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n t&#259;ng volume <strong>v&#236; hoang mang, n&#243;ng v&#7897;i, ho&#7863;c th&#7845;y ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#225;c l&#224;m nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n</strong> &#8594; b&#7841;n &#273;ang &#273;i ng&#432;&#7907;c h&#432;&#7899;ng.</p><h2>&#128218;<strong> 5. T&#7893;ng h&#7907;p c&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u &amp; d&#7919; li&#7879;u v&#7873; volume</strong></h2><p><strong>&#8211; Li&#7879;u c&#243; con s&#7889; "ch&#226;n l&#253;"?</strong></p><p>&#128216;<strong> 10&#8211;20 sets/tu&#7847;n &#8211; Con s&#7889; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c tr&#237;ch d&#7851;n ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n t&#7915; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u</strong></p><p>Eric Helms gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch r&#245;:</p><ul><li><p>Trong s&#225;ch v&#224; c&#225;c ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh &#273;&#224;o t&#7841;o, anh th&#432;&#7901;ng ghi:<br><strong>&#8220;H&#7847;u h&#7871;t ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p s&#7869; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n t&#7889;t v&#7899;i 10&#8211;20 sets m&#7895;i nh&#243;m c&#417; m&#7895;i tu&#7847;n.&#8221;</strong><br></p></li><li><p>Con s&#7889; n&#224;y &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; <strong>2 meta-analysis l&#7899;n</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>M&#7897;t c&#244;ng b&#7889; n&#259;m <strong>2017</strong></p></li><li><p>M&#7897;t c&#244;ng b&#7889; g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y h&#417;n (kho&#7843;ng 2021&#8211;2022)</p></li><li><p>C&#225;c ph&#226;n t&#237;ch n&#224;y so s&#225;nh nhi&#7873;u m&#7913;c volume kh&#225;c nhau trong c&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u c&#243;:</p><ul><li><p>T&#7853;p t&#7899;i g&#7847;n th&#7845;t b&#7841;i</p></li><li><p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p c&#243; kinh nghi&#7879;m &#7903; m&#7913;c th&#7845;p &#273;&#7871;n trung b&#236;nh</p></li><li><p>C&#225;ch t&#237;nh volume bao g&#7891;m <strong>c&#7843; b&#224;i t&#7853;p tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p l&#7851;n gi&#225;n ti&#7871;p</strong></p></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>&#9888;&#65039;<strong> V&#7845;n &#273;&#7873;: &#272;&#226;y l&#224; &#8220;trung b&#236;nh&#8221; &#8211; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i ch&#226;n l&#253;</strong></p><ul><li><p>Eric kh&#7859;ng &#273;&#7883;nh: <strong>Trung b&#236;nh kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n cho t&#7915;ng c&#225; nh&#226;n</strong>.<br>&#8220;B&#7841;n kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; <em>m&#7851;u &#273;&#7841;i di&#7879;n</em> t&#7915; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u &#8211;<br><strong>B&#7841;n l&#224; m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7875;m d&#7919; li&#7879;u duy nh&#7845;t (individual data point).</strong>&#8221;<br></p></li><li><p>C&#7909; th&#7875;:</p><ul><li><p>D&#249; 10&#8211;20 sets l&#224; hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; <strong>trung b&#236;nh</strong>,<br>nh&#432;ng <strong>1/3 ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p c&#243; th&#7875; kh&#244;ng ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i m&#7913;c n&#224;y.</strong></p></li></ul></li></ul><p>&#128202;<strong> Nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u 2019 &#8211; Within-Subject Design (De Souza et al.)</strong></p><p>&#128300; Thi&#7871;t k&#7871; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u:</p><ul><li><p>M&#7895;i ng&#432;&#7901;i tham gia t&#7853;p <strong>hai ch&#226;n kh&#225;c nhau</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>M&#7897;t b&#234;n: <strong>6&#8211;9 sets/tu&#7847;n</strong> (t&#7853;p 2&#8211;3 l&#7847;n/tu&#7847;n)</p></li><li><p>B&#234;n c&#242;n l&#7841;i: <strong>15 sets/tu&#7847;n</strong> (t&#7853;p 5 l&#7847;n/tu&#7847;n)</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>&#128101; K&#7871;t qu&#7843; ph&#226;n b&#7889;:</p><ul><li><p><strong>1/3</strong> ng&#432;&#7901;i ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n t&#7889;t <strong>v&#7899;i low volume (6&#8211;9 sets)</strong> &#8594; gi&#7889;ng Jeff</p></li><li><p><strong>1/3</strong> ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n t&#7889;t h&#417;n <strong>v&#7899;i high volume (15 sets)</strong> &#8594; gi&#7889;ng Eric</p></li><li><p><strong>1/3</strong> kh&#244;ng kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t r&#245; r&#224;ng</p></li></ul><p>&#9989; &#272;&#226;y l&#224; <strong>b&#7857;ng ch&#7913;ng m&#7841;nh m&#7869;</strong> cho th&#7845;y:</p><p><strong>Volume ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng r&#7845;t kh&#225;c nhau &#7903; t&#7915;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i &#8211; kh&#244;ng c&#243; c&#244;ng th&#7913;c chung.</strong></p><p>&#128260;<strong> Dose-Response Curve:</strong></p><p><strong>&#272;&#432;&#7901;ng cong li&#7873;u &#8211; &#273;&#225;p &#7913;ng (diminishing return)</strong></p><ul><li><p>Volume t&#259;ng &#273;&#7871;n m&#7897;t m&#7913;c n&#224;o &#273;&#243; s&#7869;:</p><ul><li><p>&#11014;&#65039; T&#259;ng hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; (c&#417; b&#7855;p, s&#7913;c m&#7841;nh)</p></li><li><p>Nh&#432;ng sau &#273;&#243; s&#7869; <strong>ch&#7919;ng l&#7841;i (plateau)</strong></p></li><li><p>Th&#7853;m ch&#237; c&#243; th&#7875; &#11015;&#65039; n&#7871;u v&#432;&#7907;t qu&#225; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>&#128172;<strong> C&#226;u n&#243;i n&#7893;i b&#7853;t:</strong></p><p>&#8220;Volume hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; trung b&#236;nh l&#224; 10&#8211;20 sets.<br>Nh&#432;ng <strong>trung b&#236;nh kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; &#8216;chu&#7849;n m&#7921;c&#8217;</strong> &#8211; n&#243; ch&#7881; l&#224; &#273;i&#7875;m gi&#7919;a c&#7911;a m&#7897;t t&#7853;p h&#7907;p &#273;a d&#7841;ng.&#8221;</p><h2>&#129516;<strong> 6. T&#7841;i sao m&#7895;i ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#7841;i ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng kh&#225;c nhau v&#7899;i volume?</strong></h2><p>&#9878;&#65039;<strong> Hai y&#7871;u t&#7889; sinh l&#253; h&#7885;c ch&#237;nh chi ph&#7889;i ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i volume:</strong></p><p><strong>1. Fitness (T&#259;ng ti&#7871;n &#8211; K&#237;ch th&#237;ch)</strong></p><p>&#8594; T&#7853;p luy&#7879;n gi&#250;p t&#259;ng s&#7913;c m&#7841;nh, c&#417; b&#7855;p, kh&#7843; n&#259;ng ch&#7883;u t&#7843;i.</p><p><strong>2. Fatigue (M&#7879;t m&#7887;i &#8211; Chi ph&#237; sinh l&#253;)</strong></p><p>&#8594; T&#7853;p luy&#7879;n c&#361;ng g&#226;y stress, h&#432; t&#7893;n, m&#7879;t m&#7887;i h&#7879; th&#7847;n kinh &#8211; l&#224;m gi&#7843;m hi&#7879;u su&#7845;t n&#7871;u kh&#244;ng h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c k&#7883;p.</p><p>&#128073; M&#7895;i ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#243; m&#7897;t <strong>m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; &#273;&#225;p &#7913;ng kh&#225;c nhau v&#7899;i c&#7843; 2 y&#7871;u t&#7889;</strong> n&#224;y.</p><p>&#128100;<strong> C&#243; 3 ki&#7875;u ng&#432;&#7901;i ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n trong ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i volume:</strong></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X_Na!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0b20471-c144-4a6e-85b3-18e531a1f0ce_1470x220.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X_Na!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0b20471-c144-4a6e-85b3-18e531a1f0ce_1470x220.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X_Na!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0b20471-c144-4a6e-85b3-18e531a1f0ce_1470x220.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X_Na!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0b20471-c144-4a6e-85b3-18e531a1f0ce_1470x220.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X_Na!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0b20471-c144-4a6e-85b3-18e531a1f0ce_1470x220.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X_Na!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0b20471-c144-4a6e-85b3-18e531a1f0ce_1470x220.png" width="1456" height="218" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d0b20471-c144-4a6e-85b3-18e531a1f0ce_1470x220.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:218,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:64021,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/161771026?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0b20471-c144-4a6e-85b3-18e531a1f0ce_1470x220.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X_Na!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0b20471-c144-4a6e-85b3-18e531a1f0ce_1470x220.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X_Na!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0b20471-c144-4a6e-85b3-18e531a1f0ce_1470x220.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X_Na!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0b20471-c144-4a6e-85b3-18e531a1f0ce_1470x220.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!X_Na!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0b20471-c144-4a6e-85b3-18e531a1f0ce_1470x220.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>&#128300;<strong> S&#7907;i c&#417; v&#224; ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n</strong></p><p>M&#7897;t nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#7873; endurance cho th&#7845;y:</p><ul><li><p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#243; <strong>s&#7907;i c&#417; Type II (Fast Twitch)</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>Ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng t&#7889;t v&#7899;i k&#237;ch th&#237;ch.</p></li><li><p>Nh&#432;ng <strong>m&#7879;t nhanh v&#224; h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c ch&#7853;m</strong>.</p></li><li><p>Ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i <strong>volume th&#7845;p, intensity cao</strong>.</p></li></ul></li><li><p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#243; <strong>s&#7907;i c&#417; Type I (Slow Twitch)</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>Ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng ch&#7853;m h&#417;n nh&#432;ng <strong>ch&#7883;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c volume cao</strong> h&#417;n.</p></li><li><p>Ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i <strong>volume cao, t&#7853;p &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#7863;n h&#417;n</strong>.</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>&#128161; <em>"Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i t&#7845;t c&#7843; &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; ki&#7875;u s&#7907;i c&#417; &#8211; nh&#432;ng &#273;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t y&#7871;u t&#7889; quan tr&#7885;ng trong b&#7913;c tranh to&#224;n c&#7843;nh."</em></p><p>&#9203;<strong> Tu&#7893;i t&#225;c v&#224; tu&#7893;i ngh&#7873; c&#361;ng &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng</strong></p><ul><li><p><strong>Tu&#7893;i sinh h&#7885;c (age)</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#7899;n tu&#7893;i h&#417;n th&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c ch&#7853;m h&#417;n.</p></li><li><p>C&#417; th&#7875; nh&#7841;y c&#7843;m h&#417;n v&#7899;i fatigue.</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Tu&#7893;i ngh&#7873; (training age)</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7899;i t&#7853;p &#8594; &#272;&#225;p &#7913;ng t&#7889;t v&#7899;i <strong>volume th&#7845;p</strong>.</p></li><li><p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#227; &#273;&#7841;t g&#7847;n ng&#432;&#7905;ng di truy&#7873;n &#8594; C&#7847;n <strong>volume cao ho&#7863;c r&#7845;t c&#225; nh&#226;n h&#243;a</strong> m&#7899;i th&#7845;y thay &#273;&#7893;i.</p></li></ul></li></ul><p>&#127757;<strong> Y&#7871;u t&#7889; l&#7889;i s&#7889;ng &amp; b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh s&#7889;ng</strong></p><ul><li><p>Ng&#7911; kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7911;, stress cao, dinh d&#432;&#7905;ng k&#233;m &#8594; Gi&#7843;m kh&#7843; n&#259;ng h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c.</p></li><li><p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#243; lifestyle "&#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh, &#237;t stress" s&#7869; <strong>ch&#7883;u volume cao t&#7889;t h&#417;n</strong>.</p></li></ul><p>&#129504;<strong> K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n:</strong></p><p><strong>Kh&#244;ng c&#243; ai l&#224; b&#7843;n sao c&#7911;a ai.</strong><br>S&#7921; kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t v&#7873; sinh l&#253;, tu&#7893;i t&#225;c, ki&#7875;u s&#7907;i c&#417; v&#224; b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh s&#7889;ng<br>&#8594; t&#7841;o ra <strong>ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng KH&#193;C NHAU v&#7899;i c&#249;ng m&#7897;t ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh t&#7853;p.</strong></p><p>&#128073; &#272;&#226;y l&#224; l&#253; do v&#236; sao l&#7853;p tr&#236;nh t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n kh&#244;ng th&#7875; "copy-paste".</p><h2>&#128300;<strong> 7. H&#224;nh tr&#236;nh t&#7921; th&#7917; nghi&#7879;m</strong></h2><p><strong>&#8211; L&#224;m sao m&#7895;i ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#236;m ra volume ph&#249; h&#7907;p cho b&#7843;n th&#226;n?</strong></p><p>&#129504;<strong> Tri&#7871;t l&#253; chung c&#7911;a c&#7843; Jeff v&#224; Eric:</strong></p><p>&#128273; <em>&#8220;Kh&#244;ng ai n&#243;i tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c b&#7841;n h&#7907;p v&#7899;i volume th&#7845;p hay cao.<br>B&#7841;n ph&#7843;i <strong>tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m &#8211; &#273;o l&#432;&#7901;ng &#8211; &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh</strong> &#273;&#7875; bi&#7871;t.&#8221;</em></p><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; <strong>h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh t&#7921; kh&#225;m ph&#225;</strong>, kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i c&#226;u tr&#7843; l&#7901;i t&#7915; b&#7843;ng t&#237;nh Excel hay m&#7897;t b&#224;i vi&#7871;t &#8220;top 5 m&#7865;o t&#7853;p hi&#7879;u qu&#7843;&#8221;.</p><p>&#129492;<strong> Jeff Alberts &#8211; H&#224;nh tr&#236;nh t&#7915; volume cao &#8594; volume th&#7845;p</strong></p><p>&#128338;<strong> Qu&#225; kh&#7913;:</strong></p><ul><li><p>T&#7915;ng t&#7853;p <strong>5&#8211;6 bu&#7893;i/tu&#7847;n</strong>, volume cao nh&#432;ng <strong>kh&#244;ng ti&#7871;n b&#7897;</strong>.</p></li><li><p>L&#253; do: dinh d&#432;&#7905;ng ngh&#232;o n&#224;n, kh&#244;ng ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i n&#7893;i (&#259;n ~2000kcal/ng&#224;y).</p></li></ul><p>&#9881;&#65039;<strong> Chuy&#7875;n h&#432;&#7899;ng sang HIT:</strong></p><ul><li><p>Volume <strong>r&#7845;t th&#7845;p</strong>, nh&#432;ng intensity c&#7921;c cao.</p></li><li><p>&#258;n u&#7889;ng c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n (t&#259;ng l&#234;n 4000&#8211;5000kcal).</p></li><li><p><strong>K&#7871;t qu&#7843;: t&#259;ng c&#417; r&#245; r&#7879;t</strong>, h&#7885;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c k&#7929; n&#259;ng quan tr&#7885;ng:<br>&#8594; <strong>T&#7853;p g&#7847;n ho&#7863;c &#273;&#7871;n th&#7845;t b&#7841;i th&#7853;t s&#7921;.</strong><br></p></li></ul><p>&#10071;<strong> Nh&#7853;n ra:</strong></p><ul><li><p>Kh&#244;ng ch&#7855;c li&#7879;u n&#7871;u quay l&#7841;i volume cao, &#259;n &#273;&#7911;, c&#243; t&#7889;t h&#417;n kh&#244;ng &#8211; nh&#432;ng:</p><ul><li><p>HIT &#273;&#227; gi&#250;p anh hi&#7875;u r&#245; c&#225;ch k&#237;ch th&#237;ch c&#417; b&#7855;p &#273;&#250;ng c&#225;ch.</p></li><li><p>Gi&#250;p x&#226;y d&#7921;ng t&#432; duy ch&#7885;n <strong>ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng thay v&#236; s&#7889; l&#432;&#7907;ng.</strong></p></li></ul></li></ul><p>&#129504;<strong> Eric Helms &#8211; H&#224;nh tr&#236;nh t&#7915; volume th&#7845;p &#8594; volume cao</strong></p><p>&#129514;<strong> &#272;&#227; th&#7917;:</strong></p><ol><li><p><strong>Max-OT training</strong>: 6&#8211;8 sets/muscle/week. T&#7853;p trung compound, 1 bu&#7893;i/tu&#7847;n/muscle.</p></li><li><p><strong>Westside-inspired powerlifting</strong>: t&#7853;p n&#7863;ng, &#237;t set.</p></li></ol><p>&#128201; K&#7871;t qu&#7843;: <strong>Plateau &#8211; kh&#244;ng t&#259;ng c&#417;, kh&#244;ng t&#259;ng hi&#7879;u su&#7845;t.</strong></p><p>&#128257;<strong> Th&#7917; nghi&#7879;m ti&#7871;p:</strong></p><ul><li><p>K&#7871;t h&#7907;p c&#225;c ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&#225;p v&#7899;i HIT (khi t&#7853;p c&#249;ng Jeff) &#8594; v&#7851;n plateau.</p></li><li><p>&#272;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t th&#7845;y <strong>upper body kh&#244;ng ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n</strong>, d&#249; lower body v&#7851;n ti&#7871;n b&#7897;.</p></li></ul><p>&#128293;<strong> &#272;i&#7875;m b&#249;ng n&#7893;:</strong></p><ul><li><p>Th&#7917; ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh <strong>3 bu&#7893;i/tu&#7847;n</strong>, m&#7895;i bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p ~30 sets press &amp; pull.</p></li><li><p>K&#7871;t qu&#7843;: <strong>b&#249;ng n&#7893; c&#417; b&#7855;p upper body</strong>, &#273;&#7841;t ng&#432;&#7905;ng m&#7899;i.</p></li></ul><p>&#127947;&#65039;&#8205;&#9794;&#65039; T&#259;ng bench t&#7915; ~315 &#8594; 363 lbs sau khi &#225;p d&#7909;ng volume cao k&#7871;t h&#7907;p k&#7929; thu&#7853;t t&#7889;t.</p><p>&#129514;<strong> V&#7853;y b&#7841;n n&#234;n l&#224;m g&#236;?</strong></p><p>&#9989;<strong> L&#7897; tr&#236;nh t&#7921; kh&#225;m ph&#225; volume ph&#249; h&#7907;p:</strong></p><ol><li><p><strong>Giai &#273;o&#7841;n 1 &#8211; Hi&#7879;u su&#7845;t &#273;ang t&#259;ng &#8594; Kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n t&#259;ng volume</strong></p><ul><li><p>T&#7853;p trung: k&#7929; thu&#7853;t, proximity to failure, progressive overload.</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Giai &#273;o&#7841;n 2 &#8211; Plateau nh&#432;ng v&#7851;n ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i t&#7889;t</strong></p><ul><li><p>Th&#7917; <strong>t&#259;ng volume 10&#8211;20%</strong>.</p></li><li><p>Duy tr&#236; trong <strong>4&#8211;6 tu&#7847;n</strong>, &#273;o l&#432;&#7901;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i.</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>Giai &#273;o&#7841;n 3 &#8211; Volume cao kh&#244;ng hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; ho&#7863;c g&#226;y m&#7879;t</strong></p><ul><li><p>Quay l&#7841;i volume c&#361;.</p></li><li><p>T&#7889;i &#432;u ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i (deload, sleep, nutrition).</p></li></ul></li><li><p><strong>L&#7863;p l&#7841;i chu tr&#236;nh th&#7917; nghi&#7879;m</strong></p><ul><li><p>Ki&#7875;m tra c&#225;c nh&#243;m c&#417; ri&#234;ng bi&#7879;t (c&#243; th&#7875; c&#7847;n volume kh&#225;c nhau).</p></li></ul></li></ol><p>&#9940;<strong> Tr&#225;nh c&#225;c l&#7895;i th&#432;&#7901;ng g&#7863;p khi t&#7921; th&#7917; nghi&#7879;m:</strong></p><ul><li><p><strong>T&#259;ng volume qu&#225; nhanh</strong> (&gt;30%).</p></li><li><p><strong>Kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7911; th&#7901;i gian theo d&#245;i</strong> (&#237;t h&#417;n 3&#8211;4 tu&#7847;n).</p></li><li><p><strong>T&#259;ng volume trong khi ch&#432;a t&#7889;i &#432;u k&#7929; thu&#7853;t</strong>.</p></li><li><p><strong>T&#7853;p theo c&#7843;m t&#237;nh v&#236; th&#7845;y ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#225;c t&#7853;p nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n.</strong></p></li></ul><p>&#128172;<strong> M&#7897;t c&#226;u quote then ch&#7889;t t&#7915; Eric:</strong></p><p><strong>&#8220;T&#244;i ch&#432;a bao gi&#7901; t&#259;ng volume khi c&#242;n &#273;ang ti&#7871;n b&#7897;.&#8221;</strong><br>Ch&#7881; t&#259;ng khi:</p><ul><li><p>Plateau.</p></li><li><p>H&#7891;i ph&#7909;c v&#7851;n t&#7889;t.</p></li><li><p>&#272;&#227; t&#7889;i &#432;u k&#7929; thu&#7853;t &amp; intensity.</p></li></ul><h2>&#9989;<strong> 8. T&#7893;ng k&#7871;t &amp; B&#224;i h&#7885;c c&#7889;t l&#245;i</strong></h2><p><strong>&#8211; L&#224;m sao &#273;&#7875; b&#7841;n &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng v&#224;o ch&#237;nh m&#236;nh?</strong></p><p>&#128204;<strong> Th&#244;ng &#273;i&#7879;p trung t&#226;m c&#7911;a video</strong></p><p>&#129504; <strong>Kh&#244;ng c&#243; m&#7897;t con s&#7889; volume &#8220;chu&#7849;n&#8221; cho t&#7845;t c&#7843; m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i.</strong><br>M&#7895;i ng&#432;&#7901;i ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng kh&#225;c nhau v&#7899;i kh&#7889;i l&#432;&#7907;ng t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n.<br>Th&#224;nh c&#244;ng &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; vi&#7879;c <strong>hi&#7875;u r&#245; c&#417; th&#7875; m&#236;nh &#8211; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i sao ch&#233;p ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#225;c.</strong></p><p>&#128269;<strong> Nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7873;u c&#7847;n GHI NH&#7898;</strong></p><p><strong>1. Volume l&#224; m&#7897;t c&#244;ng c&#7909;, kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i kim ch&#7881; nam</strong></p><ul><li><p>Volume kh&#244;ng n&#234;n l&#224; th&#7913; b&#7841;n t&#259;ng &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n.</p></li><li><p>&#272;&#7915;ng &#8220;v&#236; th&#7845;y ng&#432;&#7901;i ta t&#7853;p nhi&#7873;u&#8221; m&#224; v&#7897;i t&#259;ng set.</p></li><li><p>Volume cao ch&#7881; c&#243; &#253; ngh&#297;a n&#7871;u b&#7841;n <strong>h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c</strong> v&#224; <strong>c&#243; k&#7871;t qu&#7843;</strong>.</p></li></ul><p><strong>2. Ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i volume ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o:</strong></p><ul><li><p>Ki&#7875;u s&#7907;i c&#417; (Type I vs Type II).</p></li><li><p>Tu&#7893;i sinh h&#7885;c v&#224; tu&#7893;i ngh&#7873; t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n.</p></li><li><p>Ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng &#259;n ng&#7911;, stress, l&#7883;ch sinh ho&#7841;t.</p></li><li><p>Kh&#7843; n&#259;ng ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i th&#7847;n kinh, c&#417; b&#7855;p.</p></li></ul><p><strong>3. Hi&#7879;u su&#7845;t &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; chu tr&#236;nh:</strong></p><p><strong>K&#7929; thu&#7853;t t&#7889;t &#8594; T&#7853;p &#273;&#7911; c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; &#8594; H&#7891;i ph&#7909;c t&#7889;t &#8594; Volume &#273;&#7911; d&#249;ng &#8594; T&#259;ng ti&#7871;n.</strong></p><p>&#129517;<strong> H&#432;&#7899;ng d&#7851;n t&#7921; &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng</strong></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjbJ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F178cfef0-0830-4f0d-a65e-1cb37df1585e_846x478.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjbJ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F178cfef0-0830-4f0d-a65e-1cb37df1585e_846x478.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjbJ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F178cfef0-0830-4f0d-a65e-1cb37df1585e_846x478.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjbJ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F178cfef0-0830-4f0d-a65e-1cb37df1585e_846x478.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjbJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F178cfef0-0830-4f0d-a65e-1cb37df1585e_846x478.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjbJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F178cfef0-0830-4f0d-a65e-1cb37df1585e_846x478.png" width="846" height="478" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjbJ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F178cfef0-0830-4f0d-a65e-1cb37df1585e_846x478.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjbJ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F178cfef0-0830-4f0d-a65e-1cb37df1585e_846x478.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjbJ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F178cfef0-0830-4f0d-a65e-1cb37df1585e_846x478.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IjbJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F178cfef0-0830-4f0d-a65e-1cb37df1585e_846x478.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>&#129504;<strong> T&#432; duy d&#224;i h&#7841;n:</strong></p><p><strong>"Volume kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; m&#7909;c ti&#234;u.<br>T&#7853;p luy&#7879;n hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; m&#7899;i l&#224; m&#7909;c ti&#234;u."</strong></p><p>&#128172;<strong> M&#7897;t s&#7889; c&#226;u n&#243;i ch&#7889;t c&#7911;a Jeff v&#224; Eric:</strong></p><p><strong>"Ch&#250;ng t&#244;i &#273;&#7873;u t&#7853;p h&#7871;t s&#7913;c m&#236;nh &#8211; ch&#7881; l&#224; c&#225;ch ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n kh&#225;c nhau."</strong></p><p><strong>"B&#7841;n kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n 8 n&#259;m &#273;&#7875; nh&#7853;n ra &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236; hi&#7879;u qu&#7843;.<br>Nh&#432;ng b&#7841;n PH&#7842;I tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m v&#224;i giai &#273;o&#7841;n th&#7917; nghi&#7879;m &#273;&#7875; t&#236;m ra."</strong></p><p>&#127919;<strong> K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n cho b&#7841;n &#8211; ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n nghi&#234;m t&#250;c:</strong></p><ul><li><p><strong>&#272;&#7915;ng s&#7907; volume cao.</strong> Nh&#432;ng &#273;&#7915;ng coi n&#243; l&#224; &#8220;th&#7847;n d&#432;&#7907;c&#8221;.</p></li><li><p><strong>&#272;&#7915;ng ng&#7841;i volume th&#7845;p.</strong> N&#7871;u b&#7841;n v&#7851;n ti&#7871;n b&#7897;, b&#7841;n &#273;ang l&#224;m &#273;&#250;ng.</p></li><li><p><strong>H&#7885;c c&#225;ch quan s&#225;t ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i c&#7911;a c&#417; th&#7875;.</strong> Kh&#244;ng app n&#224;o thay b&#7841;n c&#7843;m nh&#7853;n &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243;.</p></li></ul><p><strong>K&#7871;t</strong></p><p>Video "Volume &#8211; Low vs High" kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; cu&#7897;c tranh lu&#7853;n gi&#7919;a hai phong c&#225;ch, m&#224; l&#224; b&#224;i h&#7885;c l&#7899;n v&#7873; <strong>c&#225; nh&#226;n h&#243;a trong t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n</strong>. H&#227;y d&#249;ng d&#7919; li&#7879;u t&#7915; ch&#237;nh c&#417; th&#7875; b&#7841;n &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#432;a ra quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh th&#244;ng minh, thay v&#236; ch&#7841;y theo con s&#7889;.</p><p><strong>T&#7853;p th&#244;ng minh h&#417;n &#8211; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i ch&#7881; t&#7853;p nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n.</strong></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Nghiên cứu mới: Cập nhật về Nhu cầu Protein cho giai đoạn Giảm cân]]></title><description><![CDATA[Hi&#7879;n c&#243; l&#7869; s&#7869; hi&#7871;m ai tranh c&#227;i v&#7873; vai tr&#242; c&#7911;a Protein &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i b&#7843;o to&#224;n v&#224; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n c&#417; b&#7855;p.]]></description><link>https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/nghien-cuu-moi-cap-nhat-ve-nhu-cau</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/nghien-cuu-moi-cap-nhat-ve-nhu-cau</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[The Thinking Trainer]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 22 Feb 2025 06:08:09 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hJSv!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f0f4ce0-164f-4087-ab1f-f0d7fda0b854_1920x1080.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hJSv!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f0f4ce0-164f-4087-ab1f-f0d7fda0b854_1920x1080.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hJSv!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f0f4ce0-164f-4087-ab1f-f0d7fda0b854_1920x1080.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hJSv!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f0f4ce0-164f-4087-ab1f-f0d7fda0b854_1920x1080.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hJSv!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f0f4ce0-164f-4087-ab1f-f0d7fda0b854_1920x1080.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hJSv!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f0f4ce0-164f-4087-ab1f-f0d7fda0b854_1920x1080.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hJSv!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f0f4ce0-164f-4087-ab1f-f0d7fda0b854_1920x1080.png" width="1456" height="819" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6f0f4ce0-164f-4087-ab1f-f0d7fda0b854_1920x1080.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:819,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1156591,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/157665744?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f0f4ce0-164f-4087-ab1f-f0d7fda0b854_1920x1080.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hJSv!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f0f4ce0-164f-4087-ab1f-f0d7fda0b854_1920x1080.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hJSv!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f0f4ce0-164f-4087-ab1f-f0d7fda0b854_1920x1080.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hJSv!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f0f4ce0-164f-4087-ab1f-f0d7fda0b854_1920x1080.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hJSv!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6f0f4ce0-164f-4087-ab1f-f0d7fda0b854_1920x1080.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Hi&#7879;n c&#243; l&#7869; s&#7869; hi&#7871;m ai tranh c&#227;i v&#7873; vai tr&#242; c&#7911;a Protein &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i b&#7843;o to&#224;n v&#224; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n c&#417; b&#7855;p. Nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c n&#224;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c h&#236;nh th&#224;nh v&#224; th&#250;c &#273;&#7849;y ban &#273;&#7847;u b&#7903;i gi&#7899;i Th&#7875; H&#236;nh v&#224; sau &#273;&#243; &#237;t nhi&#7873;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c kh&#7859;ng &#273;&#7883;nh b&#7903;i nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u khoa h&#7885;c trong kho&#7843;ng hai th&#7853;p k&#7927; tr&#7903; l&#7841;i, theo &#273;&#243; b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; c&#7847;n ti&#234;u th&#7909; nhi&#7873;u Protein h&#417;n so v&#7899;i m&#7913;c t&#7889;i thi&#7875;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c khuy&#7871;n c&#225;o (vd: 0.8g/kg BW theo RDA) &#273;&#7875; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n c&#417; b&#7855;p. &#272;&#225;ng ch&#250; &#253;, nhu c&#7847;u n&#224;y c&#243; th&#7875; t&#259;ng cao h&#417;n trong tr&#7841;ng th&#225;i th&#226;m h&#7909;t n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng (vd: trong giai &#273;o&#7841;n gi&#7843;m c&#226;n) so v&#7899;i trong tr&#7841;ng th&#225;i c&#226;n b&#7857;ng hay th&#7863;ng d&#432; n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng.</p><p>M&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng c&#417; s&#7903; &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n &#273;&#432;a ra khuy&#7871;n c&#225;o v&#7873; nhu c&#7847;u Protein cho giai &#273;o&#7841;n gi&#7843;m c&#226;n &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u &#8220;t&#7893;ng quan h&#7879; th&#7889;ng&#8221; (<em>systematic review</em>) b&#7903;i <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24092765/">&#8220;</a><em><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24092765/">Helms v&#224; &#273;&#7891;ng nghi&#7879;p</a></em><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24092765/">&#8221; </a>v&#224;o n&#259;m 2014, trong &#273;&#243; c&#225;c t&#225;c gi&#7843; &#273;&#432;a ra khuy&#7871;n c&#225;o v&#7873; l&#432;&#7907;ng Protein trong giai &#273;o&#7841;n th&#226;m h&#7909;t n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng l&#224; 2.3 - 3.1g/kg LBM/ng&#224;y. 3 chi ti&#7871;t sau &#273;&#225;ng ch&#250; &#253; t&#7915; khuy&#7871;n c&#225;o n&#224;y: 1) n&#243; h&#432;&#7899;ng &#273;&#7871;n <em>&#273;&#7889;i t&#432;&#7907;ng</em> v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng vi&#234;n c&#243; t&#7881; l&#7879; m&#7905; th&#7845;p v&#224; c&#243; t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n Kh&#225;ng l&#7921;c; 2) n&#243; <em>kh&#225; cao</em> so v&#7899;i khuy&#7871;n c&#225;o Protein t&#7841;i th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#243; cho gi&#7899;i V&#272;V (~1.2 - 2.0g/kg BW); v&#224; 3) n&#243; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#237;nh d&#7921;a v&#224;o <em>l&#432;&#7907;ng th&#226;n N&#7841;c</em> (<em>lean body mass</em> hay LBM) thay v&#236; tr&#7885;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng c&#417; th&#7875; (<em>bodyweight</em> hay BW).</p><p>B&#7861;ng &#273;i 10 n&#259;m v&#224; nhi&#7873;u nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u h&#417;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n v&#7873; ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; n&#224;y, m&#7897;t nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u &#8220;ph&#226;n t&#237;ch t&#7893;ng h&#7907;p&#8221; m&#7899;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c xu&#7845;t b&#7843;n g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y, l&#224; b&#7843;n c&#7853;p nh&#7853;t tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p c&#7911;a nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u tr&#234;n, &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n b&#7903;i &#8220;<em>Refalo v&#224; &#273;&#7891;ng nghi&#7879;p</em>&#8221; (c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c <a href="https://www.youtube.com/redirect?event=video_description&amp;redir_token=QUFFLUhqa2piMFVEYlV6RDZ1QmdkOG9BTkc1Y1dpdEhCUXxBQ3Jtc0tuWWc0czZRU2hjajJnbmdodFFGNlRVWldYc25QUUdlTDVmWFpvMlcxWEZYZjFrMjQ5dE9xNDdwTklKajk1d21MME04MlFhYzJpN1FYMzFHVnFOcE5WaEd4VFVNYVZBQ0ZRZFkyZjBUeXZuM2ZCR3VxUQ&amp;q=https%3A%2F%2Fjournals.lww.com%2Fnsca-scj%2Ffulltext%2F9900%2Feffect_of_dietary_protein_on_fat_free_mass_in.179.aspx&amp;v=hGs2tKBzalE">truy c&#7853;p mi&#7877;n ph&#237; t&#7841;i &#273;&#226;y</a>). M&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u may m&#7855;n l&#224; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u n&#224;y &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#7843; 3 t&#225;c gi&#7843; c&#7911;a nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u n&#224;y (<em>Martin Refalo, Eric Helms, Eric Trexler</em>) th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n d&#432;&#7899;i d&#7841;ng podcast, trong &#273;&#243; nh&#7919;ng chuy&#234;n gia tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u nh&#432;ng c&#361;ng d&#224;y d&#7841;n kinh nghi&#7879;m t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n, hu&#7845;n luy&#7879;n v&#224; thi &#273;&#7845;u n&#224;y ph&#226;n t&#237;ch c&#225;c n&#7897;i dung ch&#237;nh, ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n, h&#7841;n ch&#7871;, v&#224; c&#225;ch &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng nh&#7919;ng ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n v&#224;o th&#7921;c ti&#7877;n cho ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p. B&#224;i vi&#7871;t n&#224;y s&#7869; t&#243;m t&#7855;t n&#7897;i dung c&#7911;a podcast n&#224;y.</p><div id="youtube2-hGs2tKBzalE" class="youtube-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;videoId&quot;:&quot;hGs2tKBzalE&quot;,&quot;startTime&quot;:null,&quot;endTime&quot;:null}" data-component-name="Youtube2ToDOM"><div class="youtube-inner"><iframe src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/hGs2tKBzalE?rel=0&amp;autoplay=0&amp;showinfo=0&amp;enablejsapi=0" frameborder="0" loading="lazy" gesture="media" allow="autoplay; fullscreen" allowautoplay="true" allowfullscreen="true" width="728" height="409"></iframe></div></div><blockquote><p>Tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#243; T3 &#273;&#227; th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n v&#7873; ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; n&#224;y tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#243; t&#7841;i <em><strong>T&#7853;p San Th&#225;ng 06/2024</strong></em>.</p></blockquote><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;60d56603-0681-45b5-a190-0f8182e58b23&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;D&#432;&#7899;i &#273;&#226;y l&#224; nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i vi&#7871;t v&#224; ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; s&#7869; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n trong th&#225;ng n&#224;y T&#7853;p San T3 Monthly Digest. C&#225;c b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; tra c&#7913;u nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i vi&#7871;t v&#224; ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n trong T&#7853;p San Th&#225;ng n&#224;y hay c&#225;c th&#225;ng tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#243; trong Danh m&#7909;c b&#224;i vi&#7871;t &#273;&#227; xu&#7845;t b&#7843;n.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;T&#7852;P SAN T3 DIGEST TH&#193;NG 06/2024&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:180133116,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;The Thinking Trainer&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Trang th&#244;ng tin, b&#224;i vi&#7871;t chuy&#234;n m&#244;n c&#7911;a The Thinking Trainer&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f878e649-bd67-4fac-9d1c-04cb3d98c0be_940x788.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2024-08-24T08:16:02.887Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2d52b413-0766-45f2-92ae-16e54b08ed3c_1600x776.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/tap-san-t3-digest-thang-062024&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;T&#7853;p San T3 Monthly Digest&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:148070030,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:null,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;THE THINKING TRAINER&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0a5bedd-8a2d-4b73-a7d3-3b2cc703bec8_256x256.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><blockquote><div><hr></div><p><em><strong>&#127775;Ph&#226;n bi&#7879;t &#8220;meta-analysis&#8221; v&#224; &#8220;meta-regression&#8221;</strong></em></p><p>M&#7863;c d&#249; tr&#432;&#7899;c gi&#7901; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c T3 d&#7883;ch chung l&#224; &#8220;ph&#226;n t&#237;ch t&#7893;ng h&#7907;p&#8221;, c&#249;ng s&#7917; d&#7909;ng d&#7919; ki&#7879;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#7893;ng h&#7907;p t&#7915; c&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u kh&#225;c, v&#224; th&#432;&#7901;ng xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n c&#249;ng nhau, hai kh&#225;i ni&#7879;m n&#224;y ph&#7843;n &#225;nh hai k&#297; thu&#7853;t ph&#226;n t&#237;ch th&#7889;ng k&#234; t&#225;ch bi&#7879;t nhau.</p><p><em><strong>Meta-analysis</strong></em>: &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng &#273;&#7875; so s&#225;nh <em>hi&#7879;u &#7913;ng gi&#7919;a hai nh&#243;m hay hai &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n c&#7909; th&#7875; &#273;&#7871;n m&#7897;t k&#7871;t qu&#7843; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c quan t&#226;m</em>. V&#237; d&#7909;, trong ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i, khi &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng c&#7911;a l&#432;&#7907;ng Protein &#273;&#7871;n thay &#273;&#7893;i v&#7873; l&#432;&#7907;ng C&#417; b&#7855;p trong giai &#273;o&#7841;n gi&#7843;m m&#7905;, &#8220;meta-analysis&#8221; s&#7869; so s&#225;nh gi&#7919;a, v&#237; d&#7909;, &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n ti&#234;u th&#7909; l&#432;&#7907;ng Protein &#8220;cao&#8221; so v&#7899;i &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n ti&#234;u th&#7909; l&#432;&#7907;ng Protein &#8216;th&#7845;p&#8217; (cao hay th&#7845;p s&#7869; ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c v&#224;o &#273;&#7883;nh ngh&#297;a c&#7911;a nh&#243;m nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#224; d&#7919; ki&#7879;n c&#7909; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng). C&#7909; th&#7875; h&#417;n, nh&#243;m nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u s&#7869; tr&#237;ch xu&#7845;t d&#7919; ki&#7879;n t&#7915; c&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u c&#243; th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n ph&#233;p so s&#225;nh n&#224;y (Protein cao vs Protein th&#7845;p) v&#224; c&#243; &#273;o l&#432;&#7901;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i l&#432;&#7907;ng C&#417; b&#7855;p.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cBdq!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a0267f-6a5b-4c83-8c9d-221bd386d94a_708x688.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cBdq!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a0267f-6a5b-4c83-8c9d-221bd386d94a_708x688.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cBdq!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a0267f-6a5b-4c83-8c9d-221bd386d94a_708x688.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cBdq!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a0267f-6a5b-4c83-8c9d-221bd386d94a_708x688.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cBdq!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a0267f-6a5b-4c83-8c9d-221bd386d94a_708x688.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cBdq!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a0267f-6a5b-4c83-8c9d-221bd386d94a_708x688.png" width="488" height="474.2146892655367" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/17a0267f-6a5b-4c83-8c9d-221bd386d94a_708x688.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:688,&quot;width&quot;:708,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:488,&quot;bytes&quot;:151978,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/157665744?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a0267f-6a5b-4c83-8c9d-221bd386d94a_708x688.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cBdq!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a0267f-6a5b-4c83-8c9d-221bd386d94a_708x688.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cBdq!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a0267f-6a5b-4c83-8c9d-221bd386d94a_708x688.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cBdq!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a0267f-6a5b-4c83-8c9d-221bd386d94a_708x688.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cBdq!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a0267f-6a5b-4c83-8c9d-221bd386d94a_708x688.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Minh h&#7885;a m&#7897;t k&#7871;t qu&#7843; c&#7911;a m&#7897;t ph&#233;p &#8220;ph&#226;n t&#237;ch t&#7893;ng h&#7907;p&#8221; (<em>meta-analysis</em>). Meta-analysis n&#224;y so s&#225;nh &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;ng th&#226;n n&#7841;c (LBM) c&#7911;a b&#7893; sung Protein so v&#7899;i kh&#244;ng b&#7893; sung Protein (hay Control), &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n b&#7903;i <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28698222/">&#8220;</a><em><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28698222/">Morton v&#224; &#273;&#7891;ng nghi&#7879;p</a></em><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28698222/">&#8221; (2018)</a> - m&#7897;t nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c vi&#7879;n d&#7851;n r&#7897;ng r&#227;i v&#7873; nhu c&#7847;u Protein cho ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n c&#417; b&#7855;p (r&#7845;t li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n b&#224;i vi&#7871;t n&#224;y).</figcaption></figure></div><p><em><strong>Meta-regression</strong></em>: &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng &#273;&#7875; &#273;o l&#432;&#7901;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i &#8220;<em>li&#7873;u l&#432;&#7907;ng - ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng&#8221; gi&#7919;a bi&#7879;n ph&#225;p v&#224; k&#7871;t qu&#7843;</em>. V&#7899;i v&#237; d&#7909; tr&#234;n, &#8220;<em>meta-regression</em>&#8221; s&#7869; hi&#7875;n th&#7883; quan h&#7879; gi&#7919;a l&#432;&#7907;ng Protein ti&#234;u th&#7909; v&#224; thay &#273;&#7893;i c&#417; b&#7855;p d&#432;&#7899;i d&#7841;ng h&#236;nh h&#7885;c. T&#249;y v&#224;o b&#7897; d&#7919; ki&#7879;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng v&#224; m&#244; h&#236;nh th&#7889;ng k&#234; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c cho l&#224; ph&#249; h&#7907;p nh&#7845;t, m&#7889;i quan h&#7879; n&#224;y c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7875; hi&#7879;n d&#432;&#7899;i d&#7841;ng &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng th&#7859;ng hay &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng cong, v&#224; &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t, c&#243; &#273;i&#7875;m ch&#7919;ng hay kh&#244;ng.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Yxm4!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F682e7f3e-bec2-490e-b382-538043358df2_1143x662.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Yxm4!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F682e7f3e-bec2-490e-b382-538043358df2_1143x662.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Yxm4!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F682e7f3e-bec2-490e-b382-538043358df2_1143x662.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Yxm4!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F682e7f3e-bec2-490e-b382-538043358df2_1143x662.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Yxm4!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F682e7f3e-bec2-490e-b382-538043358df2_1143x662.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Yxm4!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F682e7f3e-bec2-490e-b382-538043358df2_1143x662.png" width="1143" height="662" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Yxm4!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F682e7f3e-bec2-490e-b382-538043358df2_1143x662.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Yxm4!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F682e7f3e-bec2-490e-b382-538043358df2_1143x662.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Yxm4!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F682e7f3e-bec2-490e-b382-538043358df2_1143x662.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Yxm4!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F682e7f3e-bec2-490e-b382-538043358df2_1143x662.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Bi&#7875;u &#273;&#7891; ph&#226;n t&#237;ch &#8220;&#273;i&#7875;m g&#227;y&#8221; (<em>breakpoint analysis</em>) n&#7893;i ti&#7871;ng c&#7911;a <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28698222/">&#8220;</a><em><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28698222/">Morton v&#224; &#273;&#7891;ng nghi&#7879;p</a></em><a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28698222/">&#8221;</a> (s&#7869; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7873; c&#7853;p chi ti&#7871;t h&#417;n &#7903; sau). H&#236;nh t&#7915; T&#7853;p San Th&#225;ng 06/2024.</figcaption></figure></div><div><hr></div></blockquote><h1>N&#7897;i dung nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u</h1><h2>Ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&#225;p</h2><p>Theo nh&#432; quy tr&#236;nh c&#7911;a m&#7897;t nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u &#8220;ph&#226;n t&#237;ch t&#7893;ng h&#7907;p&#8221;, nh&#243;m nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u t&#236;m ki&#7871;m v&#224; ch&#7885;n l&#7885;c c&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u c&#243; li&#234;n quan v&#224; &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c xu&#7845;t th&#7887;a m&#227;n nh&#7919;ng ti&#234;u ch&#237; s&#224;ng l&#7885;c (vd: &#273;&#432;&#7907;c xu&#7845;t b&#7843;n b&#7857;ng ti&#7871;ng Anh, &#273;&#227; tr&#7843;i qua b&#236;nh duy&#7879;t v&#224; xu&#7845;t b&#7843;n, bi&#7879;n ph&#225;p th&#237; nghi&#7879;m c&#243; t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n Kh&#225;ng l&#7921;c, th&#226;m h&#7909;t n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng v&#224; c&#243; theo d&#245;i/ki&#7875;m so&#225;t l&#432;&#7907;ng Protein ti&#234;u th&#7909; trong ch&#7871; &#273;&#7897; &#259;n, c&#243; theo d&#245;i thay &#273;&#7893;i v&#7873; c&#225;c ch&#7881; s&#7889; li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;ng C&#417; b&#7855;p, v.v.)</p><p>29 nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n, nh&#432;ng ch&#7881; m&#7897;t s&#7889; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p so s&#225;nh c&#225;c nh&#243;m c&#243; l&#432;&#7907;ng Protein kh&#225;c nhau. B&#7903;i v&#236; h&#7841;n ch&#7871; n&#224;y, vi&#7879;c th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n &#8220;ph&#226;n t&#237;ch t&#7893;ng h&#7907;p&#8221; (<em>meta-analysis)</em> th&#244;ng d&#7909;ng v&#7899;i d&#7841;ng nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u n&#224;y t&#7887; ra kh&#244;ng kh&#7843; thi. Thay v&#224;o &#273;&#243;, nh&#243;m nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n ph&#226;n t&#237;ch &#8220;h&#7891;i qui t&#7893;ng h&#7907;p&#8221; (<em>meta-regression),</em> theo &#273;&#243; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; m&#7889;i quan h&#234; gi&#7919;a l&#432;&#7907;ng Protein v&#224; thay &#273;&#7893;i v&#7873; C&#417; b&#7855;p d&#7921;a tr&#234;n to&#224;n th&#7875; d&#7919; ki&#7879;n c&#7911;a c&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n.</p><p>Theo &#273;&#243; 2 bi&#7871;n s&#7889; ch&#237;nh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c quan t&#226;m</p><ul><li><p><strong>L&#432;&#7907;ng Protein ti&#234;u th&#7909; (Protein intake)</strong> l&#224; &#8220;bi&#7871;n s&#7889; d&#7921; b&#225;o&#8221;, t&#237;nh t&#432;&#417;ng &#7913;ng v&#7899;i tr&#7885;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng c&#417; th&#7875; (g/kg BW) v&#224; l&#432;&#7907;ng th&#226;n N&#7841;c (g/kg FFM).</p></li><li><p><strong>Thay &#273;&#7893;i l&#432;&#7907;ng th&#226;n N&#7841;c</strong> (<em>Fat free mass</em> hay <strong>FFM</strong>) l&#224; &#8220;bi&#7871;n s&#7889; k&#7871;t qu&#7843;&#8221;, b&#7903;i vi c&#225;c k&#7871;t qu&#7843; &#273;o l&#432;&#7901;ng tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p thay &#273;&#7893;i v&#7873; k&#237;ch th&#432;&#7899;c c&#417; b&#7855;p kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c theo d&#245;i trong &#273;a s&#7889; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u (m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n kh&#244;ng nh&#7887; b&#7903;i n&#243; r&#7845;t t&#7889;n k&#233;m &#273;&#7875; theo d&#245;i h&#7871;t thay &#273;&#7893;i &#7903; m&#7885;i nh&#243;m c&#417; tr&#234;n c&#417; th&#7875;), v&#224; FFM l&#224; ch&#7881; s&#7889; ph&#7843;n &#225;nh &#273;&#7911; s&#225;t v&#7899;i thay &#273;&#7893;i v&#7873; c&#417; b&#7855;p.</p></li></ul><p>Khi x&#226;y d&#7921;ng m&#244; h&#236;nh th&#7889;ng k&#234;, nh&#243;m nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u s&#7917; d&#7909;ng c&#7843; m&#244; h&#236;nh h&#7891;i quy &#8220;tuy&#7871;n t&#237;nh&#8221; (<em>linear</em>) l&#7851;n &#8220;phi tuy&#7871;n t&#237;nh&#8221; (<em>non-linear</em>) &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; xem m&#7889;i quan h&#7879; gi&#7919;a 2 bi&#7871;n s&#7889; tr&#234;n (Protein v&#224; thay &#273;&#7893;i FFM) &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7843;n &#225;nh b&#7903;i m&#7897;t &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng th&#7859;ng (tuy&#7871;n t&#237;nh) hay c&#243; &#8220;l&#7907;i t&#7913;c gi&#7843;m d&#7847;n&#8221; (phi tuy&#7871;n t&#237;nh, hay t&#7891;n t&#7841;i m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7905;ng m&#224; sau &#273;&#243; t&#259;ng Protein kh&#244;ng d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n k&#7871;t qu&#7843; kh&#7843; quan h&#417;n v&#7873; FFM). B&#7889;n y&#7871;u t&#7889; &#8220;&#273;&#7891;ng bi&#7871;n&#8221; (<em>covariate</em>) sau &#273;&#432;&#7907;c bao h&#224;m trong ph&#226;n t&#237;ch n&#224;y:</p><ul><li><p><em>T&#7881; l&#7879; %BF ban &#273;&#7847;u</em></p></li><li><p><em>M&#7913;c th&#226;m h&#7909;t n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng</em></p></li><li><p><em>&#272;&#7897; d&#224;i th&#237; nghi&#7879;m</em></p></li><li><p><em>Gi&#7899;i t&#237;nh</em></p></li></ul><p>Tuy nhi&#234;n nh&#243;m nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n r&#7857;ng, th&#234;m nh&#7919;ng &#8220;&#273;&#7891;ng bi&#7871;n&#8221; n&#224;y kh&#244;ng gi&#250;p c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n r&#245; r&#7879;t kh&#7843; n&#259;ng d&#7921; b&#225;o c&#7911;a m&#244; h&#236;nh th&#7889;ng k&#234;.</p><h2>K&#7871;t qu&#7843; ch&#237;nh v&#224; &#221; ngh&#297;a</h2><p>M&#244; h&#236;nh th&#7889;ng k&#234; gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch t&#7889;t nh&#7845;t b&#7897; d&#7919; ki&#7879;n hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i l&#224; m&#7897;t &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng &#8220;h&#7891;i quy tuy&#7871;n t&#237;nh&#8221;, c&#243; th&#7875; hi&#7875;u l&#224;: <strong>t&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng Protein ti&#234;u th&#7909; c&#243; quan h&#7879; nh&#7845;t qu&#225;n v&#7899;i FFM &#273;&#432;&#7907;c b&#7843;o to&#224;n t&#7889;t h&#417;n</strong> <strong>ho&#7863;c t&#259;ng th&#234;m</strong> trong tr&#7841;ng th&#225;i th&#226;m h&#7909;t n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng.</p><p><strong>K&#237;ch th&#432;&#7899;c hi&#7879;u &#7913;ng c&#7911;a t&#259;ng th&#234;m Protein kh&#225; nh&#7887;</strong> (~0.06 - 0.07 cho m&#7895;i gram/kg Protein t&#259;ng th&#234;m). N&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c, t&#259;ng th&#234;m 1g/kg Protein c&#243; t&#432;&#417;ng &#7913;ng v&#7899;i k&#7871;t qu&#7843; gi&#7919; c&#417;/t&#259;ng c&#417; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n, nh&#432;ng v&#7899;i m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; kh&#225; nh&#7887;/kh&#243; nh&#7853;n bi&#7871;t. D&#249; v&#7853;y, m&#244; h&#236;nh n&#224;y kh&#244;ng ghi nh&#7853;n m&#7897;t &#8220;&#273;i&#7875;m g&#227;y&#8221; (<em>breakpoint)</em> c&#7909; th&#7875; cho hi&#7879;u &#7913;ng tr&#234;n; n&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c, m&#244; h&#236;nh kh&#244;ng cho th&#7845;y m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7905;ng Protein c&#7909; th&#7875;, &#7903; &#273;&#243; ti&#234;u th&#7909; l&#432;&#7907;ng Protein l&#7899;n h&#417;n m&#7913;c n&#224;y kh&#244;ng &#273;em l&#7841;i nhi&#7873;u l&#7907;i &#237;ch h&#417;n.</p><p>M&#244; h&#236;nh h&#7891;i quy tuy&#7871;n t&#237;nh <strong>ch&#7881; gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch &#273;&#432;&#7907;c </strong><em><strong>55%</strong></em><strong> bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng v&#7873; k&#7871;t qu&#7843;</strong>, v&#7899;i 45% c&#242;n l&#7841;i ch&#432;a &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch &#273;&#7871;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#7915; nh&#7919;ng kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t trong thi&#7871;t k&#7871; th&#237; nghi&#7879;m c&#7911;a c&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u (vd: ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n, &#273;a d&#7841;ng v&#7873; m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng gi&#7919;a c&#225;c c&#225; nh&#226;n).</p><h1>Ph&#7843;n H&#7891;i nh&#7919;ng Ph&#234; b&#236;nh</h1><p>C&#225;c t&#225;c gi&#7843; c&#7911;a nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i (<em>Refalo, Trexler, Helms</em>) d&#224;nh ph&#7847;n n&#224;y &#273;&#7875; b&#236;nh lu&#7853;n v&#7873; nh&#7919;ng ph&#234; b&#236;nh v&#224; ch&#7881; tr&#237;ch th&#7921;c t&#7871; h&#7885; &#273;&#227; b&#7855;t g&#7863;p tr&#234;n m&#7841;ng x&#227; h&#7897;i c&#361;ng nh&#432; ti&#7873;m t&#224;ng v&#7873; nh&#7919;ng ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n tr&#234;n.</p><h2>L&#432;&#7907;ng th&#226;n N&#7841;c vs l&#432;&#7907;ng C&#417; b&#7855;p</h2><p>Nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i ph&#234; b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#7881; ra r&#7857;ng <em>l&#432;&#7907;ng th&#226;n N&#7841;c</em> (<em>Fat Free Mass</em> hay <em>Lean Mass</em>) kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7891;ng ngh&#297;a v&#7899;i <em>l&#432;&#7907;ng C&#417; b&#7855;p</em> (<em>Muscle mass</em>), b&#7903;i n&#243; c&#242;n bao g&#7891;m c&#7843; n&#432;&#7899;c, c&#225;c m&#244; n&#7897;i t&#7841;ng, x&#432;&#417;ng v&#224; c&#225;c m&#244; li&#234;n k&#7871;t kh&#225;c.</p><p>Trong khi &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y c&#243; l&#253;, c&#225;c t&#225;c gi&#7843; ch&#7881; ra r&#7857;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng th&#226;n N&#7841;c l&#224; ch&#7881; s&#7889; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng <em>ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n nh&#7845;t</em> trong c&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#7873; Protein, v&#236; nh&#7919;ng h&#7841;n ch&#7871; v&#224; kh&#243; kh&#259;n trong vi&#7879;c &#273;o l&#432;&#7901;ng c&#7909; th&#7875; tr&#234;n C&#417; b&#7855;p (v&#7889;n c&#361;ng c&#243; m&#7897;t t&#7853;p h&#7907;p ch&#7881; tr&#237;ch v&#224; ph&#234; b&#236;nh ri&#234;ng cho t&#7915;ng ph&#432;&#417;ng ph&#225;p c&#7909; th&#7875;).</p><h2>&#7842;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng c&#7911;a &#273;&#7897; d&#224;i th&#237; nghi&#7879;m</h2><p>M&#7897;t s&#7889; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7885;n l&#7885;c c&#243; &#273;&#7897; d&#224;i r&#7845;t ng&#7855;n ( &lt; 4 tu&#7847;n), d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n nh&#7919;ng lo ng&#7841;i v&#7873; &#273;&#7897; tin c&#7853;y c&#7911;a k&#7871;t qu&#7843; &#273;o l&#432;&#7901;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng th&#226;n N&#7841;c do ti&#7873;m n&#259;ng dao &#273;&#7897;ng n&#432;&#7899;c trong c&#417; th&#7875;.</p><p>Tuy nhi&#234;n, nh&#243;m nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u c&#361;ng th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n m&#7897;t ph&#226;n t&#237;ch &#273;&#7897;c l&#7853;p &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n ch&#7881; bao g&#7891;m nh&#7919;ng nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u k&#233;o d&#224;i h&#417;n (&gt; 4 tu&#7847;n), ghi nh&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c k&#7871;t qu&#7843; g&#7847;n nh&#432; <em>gi&#7889;ng h&#7879;t</em>, theo &#273;&#243; kh&#7859;ng &#273;&#7883;nh &#273;&#7897; ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n c&#7911;a nh&#7919;ng ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n ch&#237;nh c&#7911;a nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i.</p><h2>Kh&#244;ng ki&#7875;m so&#225;t nhi&#7873;u y&#7871;u t&#7889; &#8220;&#273;&#7891;ng bi&#7871;n&#8221; h&#417;n</h2><p>M&#7897;t s&#7889; quan &#273;i&#7875;m ph&#234; b&#236;nh &#273;&#7873; xu&#7845;t r&#7857;ng ph&#233;p ph&#226;n t&#237;ch &#273;&#225;ng ra n&#234;n ki&#7875;m so&#225;t v&#7873; th&#7889;ng k&#234; nhi&#7873;u y&#7871;u t&#7889; &#273;&#7891;ng bi&#7871;n h&#417;n (b&#234;n c&#7841;nh nh&#7919;ng y&#7871;u t&#7889; &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c bao g&#7891;m nh&#432; %BF ban &#273;&#7847;u, th&#226;m h&#7909;t n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng, &#273;&#7897; d&#224;i th&#237; nghi&#7879;m, gi&#7899;i t&#237;nh), nh&#432; c&#225;c y&#7871;u t&#7889; thu&#7897;c ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n (vd: Volume, c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897;, t&#7847;n su&#7845;t, b&#224;i t&#7853;p, v.v.).</p><p>Nh&#243;m nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u &#273;&#432;a ra hai ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i sau:</p><ul><li><p>Nhi&#7873;u nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u kh&#244;ng tr&#236;nh b&#224;y chi ti&#7871;t v&#7873; ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n, theo &#273;&#243; kh&#244;ng c&#243; &#273;&#7911; d&#7919; ki&#7879;n &#273;&#7875; &#273;em l&#7841;i k&#7871;t qu&#7843; ph&#226;n t&#237;ch c&#243; &#253; ngh&#297;a hay c&#243; t&#237;nh &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng r&#7897;ng r&#227;i.</p></li><li><p>Th&#234;m qu&#225; nhi&#7873;u y&#7871;u t&#7889; &#273;&#7891;ng bi&#7871;n v&#224;o m&#244; h&#236;nh th&#7889;ng k&#234; c&#243; th&#7875; khi&#7871;n cho m&#244; h&#236;nh tr&#7903; n&#234;n qu&#225; ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p, theo &#273;&#243; l&#224;m gi&#7843;m kh&#7843; n&#259;ng &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng r&#7897;ng r&#227;i c&#7911;a m&#244; h&#236;nh.</p></li></ul><p>V&#236; v&#7853;y, nh&#243;m nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u ch&#7881; ch&#7885;n c&#225;c &#273;&#7891;ng bi&#7871;n quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t v&#224; ki&#7875;m tra xem li&#7879;u ch&#250;ng c&#243; c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n kh&#7843; n&#259;ng d&#7921; &#273;o&#225;n c&#7911;a m&#244; h&#236;nh hay kh&#244;ng. Khi nh&#7853;n th&#7845;y r&#7857;ng vi&#7879;c th&#234;m &#273;&#7891;ng bi&#7871;n kh&#244;ng mang l&#7841;i l&#7907;i &#237;ch &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875;, h&#7885; quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh gi&#7919; m&#244; h&#236;nh &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n h&#417;n &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o &#273;&#7897; tin c&#7853;y c&#7911;a k&#7871;t qu&#7843;.</p><h2>T&#237;nh l&#432;&#7907;ng Protein ti&#234;u th&#7909; theo BW vs FFM</h2><p>Nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i ghi nh&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#7889;i quan h&#7879; m&#7841;nh m&#7869; h&#417;n khi l&#432;&#7907;ng <strong>Protein &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#237;nh theo l&#432;&#7907;ng th&#226;n N&#7841;c (g/kg FFM)</strong> thay v&#236; theo tr&#7885;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng c&#417; th&#7875; (g/kg BW).</p><p>Ph&#237;a ph&#234; b&#236;nh cho r&#7857;ng t&#237;nh theo BW s&#7869; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n h&#417;n, nh&#432;ng nh&#243;m nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u ph&#7843;n bi&#7879;n nh&#432; sau:</p><ul><li><p>L&#432;&#7907;ng th&#226;n N&#7841;c (FFM) ph&#7843;n &#225;nh t&#7889;t h&#417;n nhu c&#7847;u b&#7843;o to&#224;n v&#224; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n c&#225;c m&#244; th&#7921;c s&#7921; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng Protein trong ch&#7871; &#273;&#7897; &#259;n (C&#417; b&#7855;p, so v&#7899;i m&#244; M&#7905;).</p></li><li><p>&#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t c&#7847;n l&#432;u &#253; v&#7899;i <em>nh&#7919;ng c&#225; nh&#226;n c&#243; t&#7881; l&#7879; M&#7905; l&#7899;n</em> (v&#224; l&#432;&#7907;ng th&#226;n N&#7841;c th&#7845;p h&#417;n), khi m&#224; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng tr&#7885;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng c&#417; th&#7875; c&#243; th&#7875; d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n thi&#7871;t l&#7853;p m&#7909;c ti&#234;u v&#7873; l&#432;&#7907;ng Protein cao h&#417;n c&#7847;n thi&#7871;t.</p></li></ul><h2>Kh&#244;ng c&#243; ph&#226;n t&#237;ch &#8220;&#273;i&#7875;m g&#227;y&#8221;</h2><p>C&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#243;, v&#237; d&#7909; &#273;i&#7875;n h&#236;nh l&#224; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#224;o n&#259;m 2018 b&#7903;i &#8220;Morton v&#224; &#273;&#7891;ng nghi&#7879;p&#8221;, &#273;&#7873; xu&#7845;t r&#7857;ng hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; t&#259;ng c&#417; c&#7911;a ti&#234;u th&#7909; Protein ch&#7919;ng l&#7841;i &#7903; kho&#7843;ng 1.6g/kg BW, v&#7899;i m&#7913;c l&#7899;n h&#417;n kh&#244;ng &#273;em l&#7841;i th&#234;m l&#7907;i &#237;ch. Theo &#273;&#243;, m&#7897;t s&#7889; ng&#432;&#7901;i ph&#234; b&#236;nh k&#236; v&#7885;ng nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i c&#243; ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7905;ng t&#432;&#417;ng t&#7921;.</p><p>Theo nh&#243;m nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u: &#273;i&#7875;m g&#227;y c&#7847;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n d&#7921;a tr&#234;n d&#7919; ki&#7879;n th&#7921;c t&#7871;, thay v&#236; v&#7841;ch ra t&#249;y &#253;. M&#244; h&#236;nh th&#7889;ng k&#234; c&#7911;a h&#7885; kh&#244;ng cho th&#7845;y m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7875;m g&#227;y &#273;&#7841;t ng&#432;&#7905;ng &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875;, t&#7913;c l&#224; l&#7907;i &#237;ch c&#7911;a ti&#234;u th&#7909; Protein t&#7887; ra kh&#244;ng ch&#7919;ng l&#7841;i r&#245; r&#7879;t v&#7899;i b&#7897; d&#7919; ki&#7879;n hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i.</p><p>B&#234;n c&#7841;nh &#273;&#243;, &#273;i&#7875;m g&#227;y tr&#236;nh b&#224;y b&#7903;i &#8220;Morton v&#224; &#273;&#7891;ng nghi&#7879;p&#8221; kh&#225; y&#7871;u v&#7873; th&#7889;ng k&#234; (su&#253;t so&#225;t kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7841;t ng&#432;&#7905;ng &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875;, p = 0.074) v&#224; c&#243; m&#7897;t kho&#7843;ng tin c&#7853;y r&#7845;t r&#7897;ng tr&#7843;i t&#7915; 1.0 &#273;&#7871;n 2.2g/kg BW. <em>Eric Helms</em> (m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng nh&#224; nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u tham gia v&#224;o nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u n&#224;y) b&#236;nh lu&#7853;n r&#7857;ng, nh&#243;m nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u (&#8221;Morton v&#224; &#273;&#7891;ng nghi&#7879;p&#8221;) nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c kh&#225; r&#245; v&#7873; nh&#7919;ng h&#7841;n ch&#7871; tr&#234;n, nh&#432;ng r&#7889;t c&#7909;c l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n n&#7917;a sau c&#7911;a kho&#7843;ng tin c&#7853;y (v&#7899;i &#273;i&#7875;m 1.6g/kg BW l&#224;m &#8220;&#273;i&#7875;m g&#227;y&#8221;) v&#224; &#273;&#432;a ra khuy&#7871;n c&#225;o 1.6-2.2g/kg BW &#273;&#7875; &#273;em l&#7841;i m&#7897;t khuy&#7871;n c&#225;o c&#243; t&#237;nh &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng trong khi &#273;&#7911; &#8220;an to&#224;n&#8221; (th&#7915;a c&#242;n h&#417;n thi&#7871;u, v&#224; vi&#7879;c ti&#234;u th&#7909; nhi&#7873;u Protein h&#417;n trong ch&#7871; &#273;&#7897; &#259;n kh&#244;ng c&#243; h&#7841;n ch&#7871; r&#245; r&#7879;t n&#224;o) cho ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p. Nh&#7919;ng c&#226;n nh&#7855;c &#273;&#7857;ng sau quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#417;c tr&#236;nh b&#224;y &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911; trong ph&#7847;n Th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n c&#7911;a b&#7843;n b&#225;o c&#225;o nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u, nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng may l&#224; kh&#244;ng &#237;t quan &#273;i&#7875;m g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y ph&#234; b&#236;nh ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n tr&#234;n nh&#432; th&#7875; n&#243; &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; sai s&#243;t, b&#7845;t c&#7849;n hay gian l&#7853;n trong qu&#225; tr&#236;nh th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#7853;y.</p><h1>&#7912;ng d&#7909;ng th&#7921;c ti&#7877;n v&#224; khuy&#7871;n c&#225;o</h1><p>D&#7921;a v&#224;o nh&#7919;ng ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n v&#224; c&#226;n nh&#7855;c tr&#234;n, nh&#243;m nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u &#273;&#432;a ra m&#7897;t t&#7853;p h&#7907;p nh&#7919;ng <strong>ch&#7881; d&#7851;n v&#7873; l&#432;&#7907;ng Protein ti&#234;u th&#7909; trong tr&#7841;ng th&#225;i th&#226;m h&#7909;t n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng d&#7921;a tr&#234;n &#8220;</strong><em><strong>nguy c&#417;</strong></em><strong>&#8221; cho nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#7889;i t&#432;&#7907;ng c&#7909; th&#7875;</strong>, thay v&#236; &#273;&#432;a ra m&#7897;t m&#7909;c ti&#234;u Protein chung.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!h_XH!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05447c7a-537b-44f1-ad29-e17cd68a20b9_999x628.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!h_XH!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05447c7a-537b-44f1-ad29-e17cd68a20b9_999x628.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!h_XH!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05447c7a-537b-44f1-ad29-e17cd68a20b9_999x628.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!h_XH!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05447c7a-537b-44f1-ad29-e17cd68a20b9_999x628.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!h_XH!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05447c7a-537b-44f1-ad29-e17cd68a20b9_999x628.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!h_XH!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05447c7a-537b-44f1-ad29-e17cd68a20b9_999x628.png" width="999" height="628" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/05447c7a-537b-44f1-ad29-e17cd68a20b9_999x628.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:628,&quot;width&quot;:999,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:69818,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/i/157665744?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05447c7a-537b-44f1-ad29-e17cd68a20b9_999x628.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!h_XH!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05447c7a-537b-44f1-ad29-e17cd68a20b9_999x628.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!h_XH!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05447c7a-537b-44f1-ad29-e17cd68a20b9_999x628.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!h_XH!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05447c7a-537b-44f1-ad29-e17cd68a20b9_999x628.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!h_XH!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F05447c7a-537b-44f1-ad29-e17cd68a20b9_999x628.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>&#272;&#225;ng ch&#250; &#253;, <strong>c&#225;c gi&#225; tr&#7883; cao nh&#7845;t </strong><em><strong>ch&#432;a ch&#7855;c</strong></em><strong> &#273;&#227; t&#7889;t h&#417;n</strong>. L&#7907;i &#237;ch c&#7911;a vi&#7879;c t&#259;ng Protein gi&#7919;a c&#225;c kho&#7843;ng kh&#225; l&#224; nh&#7887;. </p><p>B&#234;n c&#7841;nh &#273;&#243;, s&#7921; <strong>tr&#225;o &#273;&#7893;i gi&#7919;a l&#432;&#7907;ng ti&#234;u th&#7909; Protein v&#224; Carb/Fat</strong> s&#7869; c&#7847;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#226;n nh&#7855;c khi &#273;&#432;a ra quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh v&#7873; ch&#7871; &#273;&#7897; &#259;n.</p><h1>K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n</h1><p>T&#7893;ng k&#7871;t l&#7841;i,</p><ul><li><p><strong>Nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i cung c&#7845;p c&#225;i nh&#236;n to&#224;n di&#7879;n nh&#7845;t cho &#273;&#7871;n th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i</strong> v&#7873; m&#7889;i quan h&#7879; &#273;&#7883;nh l&#432;&#7907;ng gi&#7919;a l&#432;&#7907;ng ti&#234;u th&#7909; Protein v&#224; s&#7921; b&#7843;o to&#224;n th&#226;n N&#7841;c trong tr&#7841;ng th&#225;i th&#226;m h&#7909;t n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng (vd: trong giai &#273;o&#7841;n gi&#7843;m M&#7905;).</p></li><li><p><strong>L&#432;&#7907;ng Protein ti&#234;u th&#7909; trong ch&#7871; &#273;&#7897; &#259;n c&#243; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng nh&#7887; nh&#432;ng &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875;</strong>, v&#224; l&#7907;i &#237;ch t&#7887; ra t&#7881; l&#7879; thu&#7853;n v&#7899;i l&#432;&#7907;ng Protein &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ti&#234;u th&#7909; m&#224; kh&#244;ng c&#243; gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n c&#7909; th&#7875;, &#237;t nh&#7845;t l&#224; trong c&#225;c kho&#7843;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225;.</p></li><li><p>Kh&#244;ng c&#243; &#8220;&#273;i&#7875;m g&#227;y&#8221; n&#224;o &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n, <strong>nh&#432;ng c&#225;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai c&#243; th&#7875; s&#7869; ho&#224;n thi&#7879;n hi&#7875;u bi&#7871;t v&#7873; m&#7889;i quan h&#7879; n&#224;y</strong>, khi c&#243; th&#234;m nh&#7919;ng nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u m&#7899;i v&#7873; l&#432;&#7907;ng Protein l&#7899;n.</p></li><li><p>Nh&#243;m nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u nh&#7845;n m&#7841;nh <strong>t&#237;nh &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng cho nh&#7919;ng ho&#224;n c&#7843;nh c&#7909; th&#7875;</strong> - nhu c&#7847;u Protein c&#7847;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#225; nh&#226;n h&#243;a theo m&#7909;c ti&#234;u, h&#236;nh th&#7875;, v&#224; th&#243;i quen &#259;n u&#7889;ng c&#7911;a c&#225; nh&#226;n.</p></li></ul><p>&#272;&#7875; k&#7871;t th&#250;c, c&#225;c t&#225;c gi&#7843; nh&#7845;n m&#7841;nh m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7875;m l&#224;, trong khi nh&#7919;ng ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n tr&#234;n &#273;em l&#7841;i nh&#7919;ng khuy&#7871;n c&#225;o c&#7853;p nh&#7853;t h&#417;n, ch&#250;ng kh&#244;ng n&#234;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c coi l&#224; ch&#7855;c nh&#432; m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n. Khoa h&#7885;c lu&#244;n ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n v&#224; ti&#7871;n b&#7897;, h&#432;&#7899;ng &#273;&#7871;n</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Béo phì: “lỗi” do ‘tạo hóa’?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Li&#7879;u con ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#243; ph&#7843;i l&#224; m&#7897;t s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m "l&#7895;i"?]]></description><link>https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/beo-phi-loi-do-tao-hoa</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/beo-phi-loi-do-tao-hoa</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[The Thinking Trainer]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 14 Jan 2025 00:58:48 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gNdf!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2587bec-efa3-4a86-aa1e-8d1d9ff71429_1920x1080.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gNdf!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2587bec-efa3-4a86-aa1e-8d1d9ff71429_1920x1080.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gNdf!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2587bec-efa3-4a86-aa1e-8d1d9ff71429_1920x1080.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gNdf!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2587bec-efa3-4a86-aa1e-8d1d9ff71429_1920x1080.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gNdf!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2587bec-efa3-4a86-aa1e-8d1d9ff71429_1920x1080.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gNdf!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2587bec-efa3-4a86-aa1e-8d1d9ff71429_1920x1080.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gNdf!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2587bec-efa3-4a86-aa1e-8d1d9ff71429_1920x1080.png" width="1456" height="819" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a2587bec-efa3-4a86-aa1e-8d1d9ff71429_1920x1080.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:819,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:866304,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gNdf!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2587bec-efa3-4a86-aa1e-8d1d9ff71429_1920x1080.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gNdf!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2587bec-efa3-4a86-aa1e-8d1d9ff71429_1920x1080.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gNdf!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2587bec-efa3-4a86-aa1e-8d1d9ff71429_1920x1080.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gNdf!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2587bec-efa3-4a86-aa1e-8d1d9ff71429_1920x1080.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; kh&#225; th&#250; v&#7883; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n b&#7903;i Ti&#7871;n s&#297; <em>Eric Trexler </em>v&#224; Ti&#7871;n s&#297; <em>Eric Helms </em>trong m&#7897;t s&#7889; podcast g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y, v&#7873; vai tr&#242; c&#7911;a sinh l&#253; ng&#432;&#7901;i, t&#7915; g&#243;c &#273;&#7897; sinh h&#7885;c ti&#7871;n h&#243;a, trong t&#236;nh tr&#7841;ng b&#233;o ph&#236; ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n hi&#7879;n nay. B&#224;i vi&#7871;t n&#224;y t&#7893;ng h&#7907;p l&#7841;i nh&#7919;ng n&#7897;i dung &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n.</p><h1>T&#237;ch m&#7905;: &#8220;L&#7895;i nh&#224; x&#432;&#7903;ng&#8221;?</h1><div id="youtube2-liqt_AhTz2c" class="youtube-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;videoId&quot;:&quot;liqt_AhTz2c&quot;,&quot;startTime&quot;:null,&quot;endTime&quot;:null}" data-component-name="Youtube2ToDOM"><div class="youtube-inner"><iframe src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/liqt_AhTz2c?rel=0&amp;autoplay=0&amp;showinfo=0&amp;enablejsapi=0" frameborder="0" loading="lazy" gesture="media" allow="autoplay; fullscreen" allowautoplay="true" allowfullscreen="true" width="728" height="409"></iframe></div></div><p>Ti&#234;u &#273;&#7873; tr&#234;n l&#224; r&#250;t g&#7885;n c&#7911;a c&#226;u h&#7887;i: <strong>Li&#7879;u xu h&#432;&#7899;ng d&#7877; t&#259;ng c&#226;n v&#224; b&#233;o ph&#236; ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n trong m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i c&#243; th&#7875; coi l&#224; m&#7897;t &#8220;l&#7895;i nh&#224; x&#432;&#7903;ng&#8221; c&#7911;a qu&#225; tr&#236;nh ti&#7871;n h&#243;a?</strong></p><p>C&#226;u tr&#7843; l&#7901;i l&#224; <em><strong>Kh&#244;ng</strong></em>,</p><p>Tr&#432;&#7899;c ti&#234;n, &#8220;l&#7895;i nh&#224; x&#432;&#7903;ng&#8221; &#225;m ch&#7881; nh&#7919;ng khi&#7871;m khuy&#7871;t &#7903; &#8220;ph&#7847;n c&#7913;ng&#8221; s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m ph&#225;t sinh trong qu&#225; tr&#236;nh &#8220;s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t&#8221;. &#7902; kh&#237;a c&#7841;nh n&#224;y, hi&#7879;n t&#432;&#7907;ng t&#237;ch tr&#7919; m&#7905; th&#7915;a c&#7911;a c&#417; th&#7875; ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#224; m&#7897;t <em>t&#237;nh n&#259;ng,</em> thay v&#236; &#8220;l&#7895;i&#8221;, c&#7911;a s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m.</p><p>T&#7915; g&#243;c &#273;&#7897; <em>ti&#7871;n h&#243;a</em>, &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y gi&#250;p c&#417; th&#7875; ng&#432;&#7901;i n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng d&#7921; tr&#7919; &#273;&#7873; ph&#242;ng cho nh&#7919;ng th&#7901;i k&#7923; khan hi&#7871;m l&#432;&#417;ng th&#7921;c. Trong m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng sinh s&#7889;ng kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o v&#7873; ngu&#7891;n l&#432;&#417;ng th&#7921;c v&#224; nguy c&#417; t&#7915; n&#7841;n &#273;&#243;i lu&#244;n hi&#7879;n h&#7919;u (v&#7889;n l&#224; m&#7897;t m&#7889;i &#273;e d&#7885;a ch&#237;nh t&#7899;i sinh m&#7841;ng con ng&#432;&#7901;i cho &#273;&#7871;n kho&#7843;ng 1 th&#7871; k&#7927; tr&#7903; l&#7841;i &#273;&#226;y, v&#224; th&#7853;m ch&#237; v&#7851;n c&#242;n hi&#7879;n h&#7919;u &#7903; nhi&#7873;u v&#249;ng tr&#234;n th&#7871; gi&#7899;i), &#8220;t&#237;nh n&#259;ng&#8221; cho ph&#233;p con ng&#432;&#7901;i sinh s&#244;i v&#224; ti&#7871;n h&#243;a trong c&#7843; nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n kh&#7855;c nghi&#7879;t. M&#7863;t kh&#225;c, trong m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng d&#7891;i d&#224;o v&#7873; th&#7921;c ph&#7849;m v&#224; n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng, &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y l&#7841;i khi&#7871;n con ng&#432;&#7901;i d&#7877; t&#259;ng c&#226;n v&#224; t&#237;ch tr&#7919; m&#7905; th&#7915;a h&#417;n. &#272;&#225;ng ch&#250; &#253;, &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; di&#7877;n ra &#7903; ng&#432;&#7901;i, m&#224; c&#242;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ghi nh&#7853;n &#7903; c&#225;c lo&#224;i <em>linh tr&#432;&#7903;ng</em> - h&#7885; h&#224;ng xa c&#7911;a con ng&#432;&#7901;i. Trong &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c chu c&#7845;p &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911;, kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i ki&#7871;m &#259;n (nh&#432; sinh s&#7889;ng trong c&#225;c khu b&#7843;o t&#7891;n), m&#7897;t con &#273;&#432;&#7901;i &#432;&#417;i (hay kh&#7881;, v&#432;&#7907;n, v.v.) s&#7869; &#259;n nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n v&#224; t&#259;ng c&#226;n so v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng c&#225; th&#7875; c&#249;ng lo&#224;i s&#7889;ng trong hoang d&#227;.</p><p>Quay tr&#7903; l&#7841;i v&#7899;i con ng&#432;&#7901;i, s&#7921; t&#432;&#417;ng ph&#7843;n n&#224;y c&#361;ng c&#243; th&#7875; quan s&#225;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#7903; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i s&#7889;ng &#7903; trong nh&#7919;ng x&#227; h&#7897;i th&#7893; canh - th&#7893; c&#432;, s&#259;n b&#7855;t h&#225;i l&#432;&#7907;m (hay ti&#7873;n c&#244;ng nghi&#7879;p) so v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i s&#7889;ng &#7903; trong nh&#7919;ng x&#227; h&#7897;i c&#244;ng nghi&#7879;p, ph&#7843;n &#225;nh &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng c&#7911;a m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng th&#7921;c ph&#7849;m v&#224; m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng th&#7875; ch&#7845;t &#273;&#7871;n c&#226;n n&#7863;ng:</p><ul><li><p><strong>L&#432;&#417;ng th&#7921;c d&#7891;i d&#224;o - m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng cao</strong>: Nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i s&#7889;ng &#7903; trong nh&#7919;ng x&#227; h&#7897;i ti&#7873;n c&#244;ng nghi&#7879;p (vd: nh&#7919;ng c&#7897;ng &#273;&#7891;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i Amish), m&#7863;c d&#249; kh&#244;ng g&#7863;p ph&#7843;i t&#236;nh tr&#7841;ng &#273;&#243;i &#259;n hay thi&#7871;u th&#7889;n v&#7873; l&#432;&#417;ng th&#7921;c, ph&#7843;i lao &#273;&#7897;ng &#273;&#7875; s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t ngu&#7891;n l&#432;&#417;ng th&#7921;c &#273;&#243;, theo &#273;&#243; t&#237;ch l&#361;y m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng h&#224;ng ng&#224;y r&#7845;t l&#7899;n. T&#7881; l&#7879; b&#233;o ph&#236; &#7903; nh&#7919;ng n&#417;i n&#224;y th&#432;&#7901;ng r&#7845;t th&#7845;p.</p></li><li><p><strong>L&#432;&#417;ng th&#7921;c d&#7891;i d&#224;o - m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng th&#7845;p</strong>: Tr&#225;i l&#7841;i, nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i s&#7889;ng trong nh&#7919;ng x&#227; h&#7897;i c&#244;ng nghi&#7879;p g&#7847;n nh&#432; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng &#273;&#7875; s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t l&#432;&#417;ng th&#7921;c, c&#243; th&#7875; ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n d&#7877; d&#224;ng v&#7899;i l&#432;&#417;ng th&#7921;c (v&#224; th&#7853;m ch&#237; l&#224; nh&#7919;ng th&#7921;c ph&#7849;m ngon, d&#7877; &#259;n, gi&#224;u n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng). M&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng s&#7889;ng nh&#432; v&#7853;y (&#237;t v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng + d&#7891;i d&#224;o th&#7921;c ph&#7849;m ngon v&#224; gi&#224;u n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng) l&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n l&#237; t&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7875; th&#250;c &#273;&#7849;y t&#259;ng c&#226;n, t&#237;ch m&#7905; th&#7915;a v&#224; d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n b&#233;o ph&#236; (hay c&#242;n g&#7885;i l&#224; &#8220;m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng g&#226;y b&#233;o ph&#236;&#8221; [<em>obesogenic environment])</em></p></li></ul><p>T&#243;m l&#7841;i, <strong>xu h&#432;&#7899;ng d&#7877; t&#237;ch m&#7905; v&#224; t&#259;ng c&#226;n trong m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#8220;&#273;&#7911; &#273;&#7847;y&#8221; c&#7911;a c&#417; th&#7875; ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; l&#7895;i &#8220;ph&#7847;n c&#7913;ng&#8221;, m&#224; gi&#7889;ng nh&#432; m&#7897;t l&#7895;i (hay &#273;&#250;ng h&#417;n l&#224; &#8216;&#273;&#7863;c tr&#432;ng&#8217;) c&#7911;a &#8220;</strong><em><strong>ph&#7847;n m&#7873;m</strong></em><strong>&#8221; h&#417;n.</strong> Ch&#250;ng ta v&#7851;n s&#7917; d&#7909;ng &#8220;h&#7879; &#273;i&#7873;u h&#224;nh nguy&#234;n th&#7911;y&#8221; trong m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i - d&#7877; &#259;n nhi&#7873;u v&#224; kh&#244;ng ki&#7875;m so&#225;t khi c&#243; &#273;&#7891; &#259;n ngon v&#224; d&#7877; &#259;n. K&#7871;t h&#7907;p v&#7899;i l&#7889;i s&#7889;ng &#237;t v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng &#273;ang tr&#7903; n&#234;n ng&#224;y c&#224;ng ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n, s&#7869; kh&#244;ng kh&#243; &#273;&#7875; hi&#7875;u v&#236; sao b&#233;o ph&#236; &#273;ang tr&#7903; th&#224;nh m&#7897;t v&#7845;n n&#7841;n s&#7913;c kh&#7887;e c&#7911;a nh&#7919;ng x&#227; h&#7897;i c&#244;ng nghi&#7879;p.</p><h1>M&#7897;t s&#7889; &#8216;ph&#7847;n m&#7873;m&#8217; &#273;i&#7873;u h&#242;a c&#226;n n&#7863;ng c&#7911;a c&#417; th&#7875;</h1><div id="youtube2-g1qAYea15oc" class="youtube-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;videoId&quot;:&quot;g1qAYea15oc&quot;,&quot;startTime&quot;:&quot;3607&quot;,&quot;endTime&quot;:null}" data-component-name="Youtube2ToDOM"><div class="youtube-inner"><iframe src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/g1qAYea15oc?start=3607&amp;rel=0&amp;autoplay=0&amp;showinfo=0&amp;enablejsapi=0" frameborder="0" loading="lazy" gesture="media" allow="autoplay; fullscreen" allowautoplay="true" allowfullscreen="true" width="728" height="409"></iframe></div></div><h2>&#8220;Hai &#273;i&#7875;m can thi&#7879;p&#8221;</h2><p>M&#7863;c d&#249; t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#7891;ng v&#7873; thi&#7871;t k&#7871; &#8220;ph&#7847;n c&#7913;ng&#8221;, xu h&#432;&#7899;ng bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng v&#7873; c&#226;n n&#7863;ng v&#224; l&#432;&#7907;ng M&#7905; c&#7911;a m&#7895;i c&#225; nh&#226;n c&#243; th&#7875; kh&#225;c bi&#7879;t &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875;.</p><p>M&#7897;t c&#225;ch &#273;&#7875; minh h&#7885;a cho &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y l&#224; th&#244;ng qua m&#244; h&#236;nh &#8220;hai &#273;i&#7875;m can thi&#7879;p&#8221; v&#7873; b&#236;nh &#7893;n c&#226;n n&#7863;ng hay l&#432;&#7907;ng M&#7905; tr&#234;n c&#417; th&#7875; (<em><strong>dual-intervention point theory</strong></em>). Theo m&#244; h&#236;nh n&#224;y, c&#226;n n&#7863;ng <em>ho&#7863;c</em> l&#432;&#7907;ng M&#7905; tr&#234;n c&#417; th&#7875; (&#8221;ho&#7863;c&#8221; v&#236; <em>John Speakman</em> - ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7873; xu&#7845;t gi&#7843; thuy&#7871;t n&#224;y - kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7873; xu&#7845;t c&#7909; th&#7875;, m&#7863;c d&#249; hai y&#7871;u t&#7889; n&#224;y th&#432;&#7901;ng c&#243; n&#224;y c&#243; li&#234;n h&#7879; v&#7899;i nhau trong b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh t&#7921; nhi&#234;n) c&#243; xu h&#432;&#7899;ng dao &#273;&#7897;ng gi&#7919;a hai &#273;i&#7875;m - &#8220;&#273;i&#7875;m can thi&#7879;p tr&#7847;n&#8221; v&#224; &#8220;&#273;i&#7875;m can thi&#7879;p s&#224;n&#8221; - do nh&#7919;ng bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng trong th&#243;i quen &#259;n u&#7889;ng v&#224; sinh ho&#7841;t. Tuy nhi&#234;n khi c&#226;n n&#7863;ng/l&#432;&#7907;ng M&#7905; v&#432;&#7907;t ra ngo&#224;i hai &#273;i&#7875;m n&#224;y v&#224; c&#243; ti&#7873;m n&#259;ng &#273;e d&#7885;a &#273;&#7871;n s&#7921; sinh t&#7891;n c&#7911;a con ng&#432;&#7901;i (vd: ch&#7871;t &#273;&#243;i n&#7871;u th&#7845;p h&#417;n &#8220;&#273;i&#7875;m s&#224;n&#8221;, v&#224; b&#7883; t&#7845;n c&#244;ng b&#7903;i th&#250; s&#259;n m&#7891;i n&#7871;u l&#7899;n h&#417;n &#8220;&#273;i&#7875;m tr&#7847;n&#8221;), c&#417; th&#7875; s&#7869; ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i &#273;&#7875; ng&#259;n ng&#7915;a &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y th&#244;ng qua c&#225;c thay &#273;&#7893;i th&#237;ch &#7913;ng v&#7873; sinh l&#253;.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" 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https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kRrE!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87c64a7e-4c3a-47c7-81b1-ed079187de18_1288x1079.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kRrE!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87c64a7e-4c3a-47c7-81b1-ed079187de18_1288x1079.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kRrE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87c64a7e-4c3a-47c7-81b1-ed079187de18_1288x1079.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" 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y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">S&#7917;a l&#7841;i t&#7915; &#7843;nh trong T&#7853;p San <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1aA3-9sMj0_bi80tc1h7wMi3EjuFm2eo-/edit#gid=1581612953&amp;range=A82">Th&#225;ng 09/2022</a></figcaption></figure></div><p>Theo &#273;&#243;, c&#417; th&#7875; s&#7869; xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n nh&#7919;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i sinh l&#253; nh&#7857;m gi&#7843;m ti&#234;u hao n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng/t&#259;ng ti&#234;u th&#7909; n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng n&#7871;u l&#432;&#7907;ng M&#7905; gi&#7843;m xu&#7889;ng th&#7845;p h&#417;n &#273;i&#7875;m M&#7905; &#8220;s&#224;n&#8221;, v&#224; th&#250;c &#273;&#7849;y t&#259;ng ti&#234;u hao n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng/gi&#7843;m ti&#234;u th&#7909; n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng n&#7871;u l&#432;&#7907;ng M&#7905; t&#259;ng l&#234;n cao h&#417;n &#273;i&#7875;m M&#7905; &#8220;tr&#7847;n&#8221;. D&#7921;a tr&#234;n gi&#7843; thuy&#7871;t n&#224;y, tr&#234;n l&#253; thuy&#7871;t m&#7897;t s&#7889; c&#225; nh&#226;n s&#7869; c&#243; &#273;i&#7875;m &#8220;tr&#7847;n&#8221; cao h&#417;n nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#225;c, khi&#7871;n h&#7885; c&#243; th&#7875; t&#259;ng c&#226;n n&#7863;ng hay l&#432;&#7907;ng m&#7905; l&#234;n m&#7897;t m&#7913;c cao h&#417;n &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875; tr&#432;&#7899;c khi b&#7883; c&#417; th&#7875; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u &#8220;can thi&#7879;p&#8221; &#273;&#7875; t&#7921; ki&#7875;m so&#225;t c&#226;n n&#7863;ng. &#272;i&#7873;u t&#432;&#417;ng t&#7921; nh&#432;ng ng&#432;&#7907;c l&#7841;i x&#7843;y ra v&#7899;i &#273;i&#7875;m &#8220;can thi&#7879;p s&#224;n&#8221;, khi m&#224; m&#7897;t s&#7889; ng&#432;&#7901;i s&#7869; c&#243; &#273;i&#7875;m &#8220;s&#224;n&#8221; cao h&#417;n v&#224; v&#236; th&#7871; khi duy tr&#236; c&#249;ng m&#7897;t m&#7913;c c&#226;n n&#7863;ng/t&#7881; l&#7879; M&#7905; h&#417;n th&#7845;p c&#243; th&#7875; g&#7863;p nhi&#7873;u kh&#243; kh&#259;n h&#417;n so v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#225;c.</p><p>Kh&#225;i ni&#7879;m &#8220;&#273;i&#7875;m can thi&#7879;p tr&#7847;n&#8221; v&#224; &#8220;&#273;i&#7875;m can thi&#7879;p s&#224;n&#8221; ph&#7843;n &#225;nh ph&#7841;m vi tr&#234;n l&#253; thuy&#7871;t m&#224; c&#226;n n&#7863;ng hay l&#432;&#7907;ng M&#7905; c&#7911;a c&#225; nh&#226;n s&#7869; c&#243; xu h&#432;&#7899;ng bi&#7871;n &#273;&#7897;ng t&#7921; nhi&#234;n. Trong th&#7921;c t&#7871;, c&#226;n n&#7863;ng hay l&#432;&#7907;ng M&#7905; m&#224; c&#225; nh&#226;n c&#243; th&#7875; duy tr&#236; l&#7841;i ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c kh&#244;ng nh&#7887; v&#224;o th&#243;i quen sinh ho&#7841;t, m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng s&#7889;ng, v&#224; c&#225;c y&#7871;u t&#7889; kh&#225;c, c&#243; th&#7875; k&#7875; &#273;&#7871;n nh&#432;:</p><ul><li><p><em><strong>Th&#243;i quen sinh ho&#7841;t</strong></em> tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n c&#226;n b&#7857;ng n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng, th&#244;ng qua hai y&#7871;u t&#7889; ch&#237;nh l&#224; &#259;n u&#7889;ng v&#224; l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n th&#7921;c ph&#7849;m, v&#224; v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng th&#7875; ch&#7845;t v&#224; t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n. <em>Th&#243;i quen &#259;n u&#7889;ng v&#224; l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n th&#7921;c ph&#7849;m</em> t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng v&#224;o n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng ti&#234;u th&#7909; (Calo In), nh&#432;ng c&#361;ng ch&#7883;u &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng kh&#244;ng nh&#7887; t&#7915; c&#225;c y&#7871;u t&#7889; kh&#225;c, nh&#432; m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng th&#7921;c ph&#7849;m, th&#243;i quen &#259;n u&#7889;ng trong qu&#225; kh&#7913;, v.v. <em>V&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng th&#7875; ch&#7845;t v&#224; t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n</em> , b&#234;n c&#7841;nh tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng v&#224;o c&#226;n b&#7857;ng n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng th&#244;ng qua t&#259;ng ti&#234;u hao n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng (Calo Out) m&#224; c&#242;n gi&#225;n ti&#7871;p &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n v&#7871; &#8220;Calo In&#8221; th&#244;ng qua &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n ki&#7875;m so&#225;t v&#7883; gi&#225;c (th&#244;ng qua hi&#7879;u &#7913;ng &#7913;c ch&#7871; v&#7883; gi&#225;c c&#7911;a v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng v&#224;/ho&#7863;c x&#226;y d&#7921;ng c&#417; b&#7855;p) v&#224; theo &#273;&#243; gi&#7843;m n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng ti&#234;u th&#7909;. M&#7897;t h&#7879; qu&#7843; d&#224;i h&#7841;n c&#7911;a t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n l&#224; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n c&#417; b&#7855;p, l&#432;&#7907;ng c&#417; l&#7899;n h&#417;n c&#243; l&#224;m t&#259;ng ti&#234;u hao n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng v&#224; g&#243;p ph&#7847;n khi&#7871;n vi&#7879;c duy tr&#236; c&#226;n n&#7863;ng/t&#7881; l&#7879; m&#7905; th&#7845;p h&#417;n d&#7877; d&#224;ng h&#417;n. Tuy nhi&#234;n, hi&#7879;n ch&#432;a r&#245; l&#224; vi&#7879;c c&#243; nhi&#7873;u c&#417; b&#7855;p h&#417;n c&#243; t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p (kh&#244;ng li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n ti&#234;u hao n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng) &#273;&#7871;n c&#225;c &#8220;&#273;i&#7875;m can thi&#7879;p&#8221; c&#7911;a c&#225; nh&#226;n hay kh&#244;ng.</p></li><li><p><em><strong>B&#233;o ph&#236; d&#224;i h&#7841;n</strong></em> c&#243; th&#7875; khi&#7871;n t&#259;ng s&#7889; l&#432;&#7907;ng t&#7871; b&#224;o m&#7905; (<em>adipocytes</em>). C&#417; th&#7875; th&#432;&#7901;ng t&#237;ch tr&#7919; m&#7905; v&#224;o c&#225;c t&#7871; b&#224;o m&#7905; s&#7861;n c&#243;, khi&#7871;n c&#225;c t&#7871; b&#224;o n&#224;y ph&#236;nh &#273;&#7841;i (to l&#234;n v&#7873; k&#237;ch th&#432;&#7899;c). Ti&#234;u th&#7909; th&#7863;ng d&#432; n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng trong d&#224;i h&#7841;n (th&#432;&#7901;ng x&#7843;y ra khi duy tr&#236; tr&#7841;ng th&#225;i b&#233;o ph&#236; l&#226;u d&#224;i) c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224;m t&#259;ng s&#7889; l&#432;&#7907;ng t&#7871; b&#224;o m&#7905; &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#225;p &#7913;ng nhu c&#7847;u t&#237;ch tr&#7919; n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng; s&#7889; l&#432;&#7907;ng t&#7871; b&#224;o m&#7905; l&#7899;n h&#417;n n&#224;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c cho l&#224; c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224;m thay &#273;&#7893;i v&#7883; tr&#237; &#8220;&#273;i&#7875;m can thi&#7879;p&#8221; c&#7911;a c&#417; th&#7875; (vd: d&#7883;ch chuy&#7875;n &#273;i&#7875;m &#8220;s&#224;n&#8221; l&#234;n m&#7913;c cao h&#417;n), khi&#7871;n vi&#7879;c duy tr&#236; t&#7881; l&#7879; M&#7905;/c&#226;n n&#7863;ng th&#7845;p h&#417;n tr&#7903; n&#234;n kh&#243; kh&#259;n h&#417;n (nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; b&#7845;t kh&#7843; thi).</p></li><li><p><em><strong>T&#225;c d&#7909;ng ph&#7909; khi s&#7917; d&#7909;ng m&#7897;t s&#7889; lo&#7841;i thu&#7889;c</strong></em> c&#243; th&#7875; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n v&#7883; gi&#225;c, khi&#7871;n c&#225; nh&#226;n c&#7843;m th&#7845;y th&#232;m &#259;n h&#417;n hay ch&#225;n &#259;n h&#417;n b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng, theo &#273;&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#7871;n n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng ti&#234;u th&#7909; c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#243;.</p></li></ul><p>T&#243;m l&#7841;i, m&#7863;c d&#249; c&#417; &#273;&#7883;a tr&#234;n l&#253; thuy&#7871;t quy &#273;&#7883;nh c&#226;n n&#7863;ng v&#224;/ho&#7863;c l&#432;&#7907;ng M&#7905; c&#243; th&#7875; dao &#273;&#7897;ng gi&#7919;a hai &#273;i&#7875;m &#8216;th&#7845;p nh&#7845;t&#8217; v&#224; &#8216;cao nh&#7845;t&#8217;, tr&#234;n th&#7921;c t&#7871;, m&#7913;c c&#226;n n&#7863;ng/l&#432;&#7907;ng M&#7905; m&#224; c&#225; nh&#226;n c&#243; th&#7875; duy tr&#236; m&#7897;t c&#225;ch t&#7921; nhi&#234;n s&#7869; ph&#7909; thu&#7897;c ch&#7911; y&#7871;u v&#224;o c&#225;c y&#7871;u t&#7889; xu&#7845;t ph&#225;t t&#7915; c&#225; nh&#226;n l&#7851;n ngo&#7841;i c&#7843;nh.</p><h2>&#8220;C&#7843;m &#7913;ng tr&#7885;ng l&#7921;c&#8221;?</h2><p>Gi&#7843; thuy&#7871;t &#8220;c&#7843;m &#7913;ng tr&#7885;ng l&#7921;c&#8221; (<em><strong>Gravitostat Hypothesis</strong></em>) xoay quanh gi&#7843; &#273;&#7883;nh r&#7857;ng, tr&#234;n x&#432;&#417;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#243; t&#7891;n t&#7841;i nh&#7919;ng &#8220;c&#7843;m bi&#7871;n&#8221; c&#243; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng c&#7843;m nh&#7853;n &#225;p l&#7921;c l&#234;n x&#432;&#417;ng t&#7915; tr&#7885;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng c&#417; th&#7875;, v&#224; theo &#273;&#243; truy&#7873;n &#273;i c&#225;c t&#237;n hi&#7879;u &#273;i&#7873;u h&#242;a c&#226;n b&#7857;ng n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng. &#272;&#7871;n hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i, c&#225;c b&#7857;ng ch&#7913;ng v&#7873; gi&#7843; thuy&#7871;t n&#224;y t&#7887; ra c&#243; tri&#7875;n v&#7885;ng tr&#234;n &#273;&#7897;ng v&#7853;t (nh&#7919;ng con chu&#7897;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#7845;y gh&#233;p t&#7841; d&#432;&#7899;i da &#273;&#7875; t&#259;ng tr&#7885;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng c&#417; th&#7875;), nh&#432;ng t&#237;nh &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng tr&#234;n ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#242;n kh&#225; m&#7901; m&#7883;t.</p><p>Gi&#7843; thuy&#7871;t n&#224;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c quan t&#226;m v&#236; ti&#7873;m n&#259;ng &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng &#273;&#7875; kh&#7855;c ph&#7909;c &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng c&#7911;a hi&#7879;n t&#432;&#7907;ng &#8220;th&#237;ch &#7913;ng chuy&#7875;n h&#243;a&#8221; (gi&#7843;m ti&#234;u hao n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng) khi gi&#7843;m c&#226;n, v&#7899;i hi v&#7885;ng l&#224; c&#243; th&#7875; &#8220;&#273;&#225;nh l&#7915;a&#8221; c&#417; th&#7875; duy tr&#236; ti&#234;u hao n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng b&#7857;ng c&#225;ch khi&#7871;n tr&#7885;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng c&#417; th&#7875; (v&#224; &#225;p l&#7921;c l&#234;n x&#432;&#417;ng) kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7893;i; v&#236; l&#237; do n&#224;y m&#224; n&#243; c&#361;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c quan t&#226;m ch&#7911; y&#7871;u b&#7903;i nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#243; m&#7909;c ti&#234;u <em>gi&#7843;m c&#226;n c&#7921;c &#273;oan</em> nh&#432; c&#225;c V&#272;V thi &#273;&#7845;u Th&#7875; H&#236;nh. </p><p>M&#7897;t bi&#7879;n ph&#225;p th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#225;p d&#7909;ng b&#7903;i c&#225;c V&#272;V Th&#7875; H&#236;nh l&#224; m&#7863;c &#225;o t&#7841; trong sinh ho&#7841;t h&#224;ng ng&#224;y, th&#7853;m ch&#237; c&#7843; khi &#273;i ng&#7911;. Tuy nhi&#234;n, tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m chung &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ph&#7843;n &#225;nh th&#236; kh&#244;ng h&#7873; d&#7877; ch&#7883;u, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t v&#224;o giai &#273;o&#7841;n cu&#7889;i c&#7911;a qu&#225; tr&#236;nh chu&#7849;n b&#7883; thi &#273;&#7845;u, khi m&#224; m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; m&#7879;t m&#7887;i &#273;ang &#7903; m&#7913;c cao &#273;&#7881;nh.</p><h1>&#272;&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#7847;u v&#7899;i m&#7897;t m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#8220;g&#226;y b&#233;o ph&#236;&#8221;</h1><p>T&#7915; g&#243;c &#273;&#7897; ti&#7871;n h&#243;a, c&#417; th&#7875; ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#224; m&#7897;t c&#7895; m&#225;y sinh t&#7891;n c&#243; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng th&#237;ch nghi v&#7899;i m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng s&#7889;ng &#273;a d&#7841;ng, v&#224; t&#237;ch tr&#7919; n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng d&#432;&#7899;i d&#7841;ng M&#7905; l&#224; m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng t&#237;nh n&#259;ng nh&#432; v&#7853;y,</p><p>Trong &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n l&#432;&#417;ng th&#7921;c d&#7891;i d&#224;o, ch&#250;ng ta c&#243; xu h&#432;&#7899;ng ti&#234;u th&#7909; th&#7863;ng d&#432; n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng, v&#224; t&#259;ng c&#226;n n&#7863;ng/l&#432;&#7907;ng M&#7905; &#273;&#7875; chu&#7849;n b&#7883; cho nh&#7919;ng ho&#224;n c&#7843;nh v&#224; giai &#273;o&#7841;n khan hi&#7871;m l&#432;&#417;ng th&#7921;c. Tuy nhi&#234;n, trong m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng s&#7889;ng hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i, khi ch&#250;ng ta kh&#244;ng nh&#7919;ng c&#243; &#273;&#7911; m&#224; c&#242;n d&#432; th&#7915;a th&#7921;c ph&#7849;m ngon, gi&#224;u n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng, c&#249;ng v&#7899;i y&#234;u c&#7847;u v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng th&#7875; ch&#7845;t gi&#7843;m &#273;i, t&#237;nh n&#259;ng sinh t&#7891;n n&#224;y d&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#432; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh g&#225;nh n&#7863;ng cho con ng&#432;&#7901;i hi&#7879;n &#273;&#7841;i, v&#7899;i hi&#7879;n t&#432;&#7907;ng b&#233;o ph&#236; l&#224; m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; s&#7913;c kh&#7887;e c&#7897;ng &#273;&#7891;ng ch&#237;nh c&#7911;a to&#224;n c&#7847;u.</p><p>Khi &#273;&#7889;i m&#7863;t v&#7899;i b&#7845;t c&#7913; v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; n&#224;o, ph&#432;&#417;ng &#225;n gi&#7843;i quy&#7871;t n&#234;n xu&#7845;t ph&#225;t t&#7915; c&#225;ch nh&#236;n: <em><strong>ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n</strong></em><strong> nh&#7919;ng g&#236; ngo&#224;i t&#7847;m ki&#7875;m so&#225;t, v&#224; ki&#7875;m so&#225;t nh&#7919;ng g&#236; b&#7843;n th&#226;n </strong><em><strong>c&#243; th&#7875;</strong></em><strong>.</strong> Trong m&#7897;t m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng s&#7889;ng c&#243; t&#237;nh &#8220;g&#226;y b&#233;o&#8221;, ch&#250;ng ta c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng s&#7889;ng v&#224; th&#243;i quen sinh ho&#7841;t c&#7911;a b&#7843;n th&#226;n &#273;&#7875; duy tr&#236; c&#226;n n&#7863;ng v&#224; th&#7875; tr&#7841;ng mong mu&#7889;n. Nh&#432; &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7873; c&#7853;p trong kh&#244;ng &#237;t c&#225;c b&#224;i vi&#7871;t tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#243;, hai y&#7871;u t&#7889; ch&#7911; &#273;&#7841;o trong th&#243;i quen sinh ho&#7841;t c&#243; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875; &#273;&#7871;n ki&#7875;m so&#225;t c&#226;n n&#7863;ng l&#224; 1) v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng th&#7875; ch&#7845;t v&#224; t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n (duy tr&#236; m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng cao, t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n Kh&#225;ng l&#7921;c v&#224; Th&#7875; l&#7921;c), v&#224; 2) l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n th&#7921;c ph&#7849;m (t&#432;&#417;i s&#7889;ng h&#417;n, c&#243; m&#7853;t &#273;&#7897; n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng th&#7845;p h&#417;n, k&#7871;t c&#7845;u c&#7913;ng h&#417;n v&#224; c&#243; th&#7875; &#237;t v&#7915;a mi&#7879;ng h&#417;n m&#7897;t ch&#250;t).</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;6e235270-fe8a-4b12-acfa-bb2ab5a82673&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:null,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;showDescription&quot;:true,&quot;showImage&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;(PODCAST) LI&#7878;U \&quot;&#272;I&#7874;M M&#7904; &#7892;N &#272;&#7882;NH\&quot; C&#211; &#272;ANG KHI&#7870;N B&#7840;N KH&#211; GI&#7842;M M&#7904;?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:180133116,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;The Thinking Trainer&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Trang th&#244;ng tin, b&#224;i vi&#7871;t chuy&#234;n m&#244;n c&#7911;a The Thinking Trainer&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f878e649-bd67-4fac-9d1c-04cb3d98c0be_940x788.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2024-04-22T06:46:59.635Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/youtube/w_728,c_limit/5BEmhsM4vFg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/podcast-lieu-iem-moc-mo-co-ang-khien&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;\&quot;Chuy&#234;n Gia\&quot; Th&#7871; Gi&#7899;i N&#243;i G&#236;?&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:143842852,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:3,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:null,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;THE THINKING TRAINER&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0a5bedd-8a2d-4b73-a7d3-3b2cc703bec8_256x256.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><p>D&#249; v&#7853;y, b&#224;i vi&#7871;t n&#224;y s&#7869; kh&#233;p l&#7841;i b&#7857;ng m&#7897;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i &#273;&#225;ng suy ng&#7851;m. </p><div class="pullquote"><p><strong>Tr&#432;&#7899;c c&#249;ng nh&#7919;ng l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n nh&#432; tr&#234;n, li&#7879;u c&#243; ph&#7843;i ai c&#361;ng s&#7869; </strong><em><strong>th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n</strong></em><strong> ch&#250;ng?</strong></p></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Vì sao bạn cần tập "Plyometrics"]]></title><description><![CDATA[M&#7897;t c&#225;ch n&#237;u gi&#7919; s&#7921; tr&#7867; trung m&#224; hi&#7871;m ai ng&#7901; t&#7899;i]]></description><link>https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/vi-sao-ban-can-tap-plyometrics</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.thethinkingtrainer.com/p/vi-sao-ban-can-tap-plyometrics</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[The Thinking Trainer]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 26 Dec 2024 22:42:27 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ay6I!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F335e70d4-8592-4135-bf1c-154c20859c85_1920x1080.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ay6I!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F335e70d4-8592-4135-bf1c-154c20859c85_1920x1080.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ay6I!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F335e70d4-8592-4135-bf1c-154c20859c85_1920x1080.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ay6I!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F335e70d4-8592-4135-bf1c-154c20859c85_1920x1080.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ay6I!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F335e70d4-8592-4135-bf1c-154c20859c85_1920x1080.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ay6I!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F335e70d4-8592-4135-bf1c-154c20859c85_1920x1080.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ay6I!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F335e70d4-8592-4135-bf1c-154c20859c85_1920x1080.png" width="1456" height="819" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/335e70d4-8592-4135-bf1c-154c20859c85_1920x1080.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:819,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:765426,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ay6I!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F335e70d4-8592-4135-bf1c-154c20859c85_1920x1080.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ay6I!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F335e70d4-8592-4135-bf1c-154c20859c85_1920x1080.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ay6I!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F335e70d4-8592-4135-bf1c-154c20859c85_1920x1080.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ay6I!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F335e70d4-8592-4135-bf1c-154c20859c85_1920x1080.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>D&#249; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; m&#7897;t h&#236;nh th&#7913;c t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n m&#7899;i, <em><strong>Plyometrics</strong></em> (th&#432;&#7901;ng g&#7885;i l&#224; t&#7853;p b&#7853;t nh&#7843;y) th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;c coi l&#224; ch&#7881; d&#224;nh cho nh&#7919;ng v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng vi&#234;n c&#225;c b&#7897; m&#244;n th&#7875; thao v&#7899;i chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng nhanh, b&#249;ng n&#7893; (vd: &#273;i&#7873;n kinh, b&#243;ng r&#7893; hay b&#243;ng &#273;&#225;).</p><p>Tuy nhi&#234;n, kh&#244;ng &#237;t l&#7847;m t&#432;&#7903;ng hay c&#225;ch hi&#7875;u kh&#244;ng &#273;&#250;ng v&#7851;n c&#242;n t&#7891;n t&#7841;i xoay quanh h&#236;nh th&#7913;c t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n n&#224;y.</p><p>B&#234;n c&#7841;nh &#273;&#243;, m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u cho &#273;&#7871;n n&#224;y &#237;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c kh&#225;m ph&#225; l&#224; ti&#7873;m n&#259;ng &#225;p d&#7909;ng ch&#250;ng kh&#225; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n v&#224; d&#7877; d&#224;ng v&#7899;i hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; cao cho &#273;&#7889;i t&#432;&#7907;ng t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n ph&#7893; th&#244;ng (&#8217;<strong>gen pop</strong>&#8217;), v&#7899;i m&#7909;c ti&#234;u &#273;&#417;n thu&#7847;n li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n th&#7875; ch&#7845;t v&#224; s&#7913;c kh&#7887;e.</p><p>B&#224;i vi&#7871;t n&#224;y s&#7869; th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n kh&#225;i qu&#225;t v&#7873; nh&#7919;ng l&#7907;i &#237;ch m&#224; Plyometrics c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;em l&#7841;i cho nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p ph&#7893; th&#244;ng, v&#224; c&#225;ch &#225;p d&#7909;ng h&#236;nh th&#7913;c t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n n&#224;y trong m&#7897;t ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n.</p><h1>V&#7872; KH&#193;I NI&#7878;M</h1><p>C&#225;c chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng Plyometric th&#7921;c s&#7921; l&#224; nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#7897;ng t&#225;c c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; cao &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i ti&#7871;p &#273;&#7845;t v&#224; b&#7853;t l&#234;n kh&#7887;i m&#7863;t &#273;&#7845;t <em>nhanh ch&#243;ng</em>, hi&#7879;u qu&#7843;; n&#243;i c&#225;ch kh&#225;c, th&#7901;i gian ti&#7871;p &#273;&#7845;t r&#7845;t ng&#7855;n &#273;&#7875; t&#7853;n d&#7909;ng &#273;&#7863;c t&#237;nh &#273;&#224;n h&#7891;i c&#7911;a g&#226;n c&#417;. V&#236; v&#7853;y, theo quan ni&#7879;m truy&#7873;n th&#7889;ng, nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#7897;ng t&#225;c c&#243; th&#7901;i gian ti&#7871;p &#273;&#7845;t <em>d&#224;i h&#417;n</em> v&#7873; b&#7843;n ch&#7845;t kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; plyometric*.*</p><div class="instagram-embed-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;instagram_id&quot;:&quot;DBMFJ2pPu9h&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;A post shared by @mcinneswatson&quot;,&quot;author_name&quot;:&quot;mcinneswatson&quot;,&quot;thumbnail_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/__ss-rehost__IG-meta-DBMFJ2pPu9h.jpg&quot;,&quot;like_count&quot;:null,&quot;comment_count&quot;:null,&quot;profile_pic_url&quot;:null,&quot;follower_count&quot;:null,&quot;timestamp&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false}" data-component-name="InstagramToDOM"></div><p>M&#7863;t kh&#225;c, nh&#236;n m&#7897;t c&#225;ch bao qu&#225;t h&#417;n, Plyometrics c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c coi l&#224; b&#7845;t c&#7913; chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng n&#224;o c&#243; bao g&#7891;m giai &#273;o&#7841;n ti&#7871;p &#273;&#7845;t (<em>landing</em>) v&#224; b&#7853;t kh&#7887;i m&#7863;t &#273;&#7845;t (<em>take-off</em>). Nh&#432; s&#7869; th&#7843;o lu&#7853;n b&#234;n d&#432;&#7899;i, m&#7897;t ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh t&#7853;p Plyometric s&#7869; c&#243; th&#7875; bao g&#7891;m c&#7843; nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#7897;ng t&#225;c v&#7899;i th&#7901;i gian ti&#7871;p &#273;&#7845;t ng&#7855;n l&#7851;n d&#224;i, v&#224; ch&#250;ng &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#243;ng vai tr&#242; c&#7909; th&#7875; &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i vi&#7879;c c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n kh&#7843; n&#259;ng chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p.</p><h1>V&#236; sao &#8220;gen pop&#8221; c&#7847;n plyometrics</h1><p>B&#234;n c&#7841;nh ph&#7909;c v&#7909; theo &#273;u&#7893;i &#273;am m&#234;, t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n n&#234;n ph&#7909;c v&#7909; cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng - m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u c&#243; l&#7869; &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t c&#243; &#253; ngh&#297;a v&#7899;i &#273;&#7889;i t&#432;&#7907;ng &#8216;gen pop&#8217;. Khi c&#226;n nh&#7855;c theo &#273;u&#7893;i m&#7897;t lo&#7841;i h&#236;nh t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n m&#7899;i, m&#7897;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#7863;t ra l&#224;: <strong>Ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng n&#224;y s&#7869; &#273;&#243;ng g&#243;p g&#236; cho cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng c&#7911;a b&#7841;n?</strong> Li&#7879;u n&#243; ch&#7881; &#273;&#417;n thu&#7847;n th&#7887;a m&#227;n m&#7897;t s&#7903; th&#237;ch, hay c&#243; th&#7875; gi&#250;p c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng s&#7889;ng c&#7911;a b&#7841;n?</p><p>&#272;&#7875; d&#7877; h&#236;nh dung, b&#7841;n kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n ph&#7843;i Deadlift &#273;&#432;&#7907;c 200 - 300kg, c&#243; nhi&#7873;u c&#417; b&#7855;p nh&#432; m&#7897;t V&#272;V Th&#7875; H&#236;nh, hay ho&#224;n th&#224;nh m&#7897;t c&#7921; ly ch&#7841;y marathon (42km) trong d&#432;&#7899;i 3 ti&#7871;ng &#273;&#7875; s&#7889;ng t&#7889;t, nh&#432;ng &#273;&#7871;n m&#7897;t th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7883;nh, vi&#7879;c t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n &#273;&#7875; ch&#7881; &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7841;t th&#224;nh t&#237;ch cao h&#417;n kh&#244;ng nh&#7919;ng kh&#244;ng &#273;em l&#7841;i th&#234;m l&#7907;i &#237;ch n&#224;o r&#245; r&#7879;t cho b&#7841;n trong cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng, m&#224; c&#242;n c&#243; th&#7875; g&#226;y ph&#225;t sinh nh&#7919;ng h&#7841;n ch&#7871; t&#7915; vi&#7879;c theo &#273;u&#7893;i m&#7909;c ti&#234;u m&#7897;t c&#225;ch c&#7921;c &#273;oan.</p><p>M&#7863;t kh&#225;c, ch&#250;ng ta c&#361;ng kh&#244;ng mu&#7889;n ch&#7881; t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n theo y h&#7879;t nh&#7919;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng trong sinh ho&#7841;t th&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#7853;t (&#273;&#243; l&#224; &#8220;c&#225;i h&#7889;&#8221; m&#224; nh&#7919;ng tr&#224;o l&#432;u &#8220;<em>functional training</em>&#8221; th&#432;&#7901;ng sa v&#224;o), m&#224; c&#7847;n n&#226;ng cao th&#7875; ch&#7845;t <em>v&#432;&#7907;t qua</em> nh&#7919;ng y&#234;u c&#7847;u n&#224;y. T&#224;i nguy&#234;n th&#7875; ch&#7845;t l&#7899;n h&#417;n s&#7869; khi&#7871;n m&#7895;i th&#7917; th&#225;ch th&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#7853;t tr&#7903; n&#234;n t&#7889;n &#237;t s&#7913;c h&#417;n, &#273;&#7875; b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224;m v&#224; tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n, c&#361;ng nh&#432; cho ph&#233;p b&#7841;n v&#432;&#7907;t qua nh&#7919;ng t&#236;nh hu&#7889;ng c&#7845;p b&#225;ch d&#7877; d&#224;ng v&#224; ch&#7883;u &#237;t r&#7911;i ro h&#417;n. Nh&#7919;ng c&#226;n nh&#7855;c n&#224;y c&#361;ng s&#7869; &#225;p d&#7909;ng khi ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n Plyometrics.</p><p>C&#226;u h&#7887;i tr&#234;n c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n d&#7921;a tr&#234;n nh&#7919;ng th&#237;ch nghi m&#224; m&#7897;t lo&#7841;i h&#236;nh t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n mang l&#7841;i. Nh&#236;n chung, m&#7885;i h&#236;nh th&#7913;c t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n &#273;&#7873; d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n th&#237;ch nghi &#7903; 3 g&#243;c &#273;&#7897;: <strong>th&#7847;n kinh</strong>, <strong>c&#7845;u tr&#250;c</strong>, v&#224; <strong>chuy&#7875;n h&#243;a</strong>. D&#7921;a tr&#234;n 3 g&#243;c &#273;&#7897; n&#224;y, h&#227;y c&#249;ng xem Plyometrics &#273;em l&#7841;i nh&#7919;ng th&#237;ch nghi g&#236; c&#7847;n thi&#7871;t cho &#273;&#7889;i t&#432;&#7907;ng &#8216;gen pop&#8217;.</p><h2>Th&#7847;n Kinh &#129504;</h2><p>Nh&#7919;ng th&#237;ch nghi v&#7873; th&#7847;n kinh c&#243; th&#7875; hi&#7875;u &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n nh&#7919;ng <em>k&#297; n&#259;ng</em> ph&#7889;i h&#7907;p chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng c&#7911;a c&#225;c c&#7845;u tr&#250;c tr&#234;n c&#417; th&#7875; &#273;&#7875; th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n m&#7897;t ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng, nh&#432;ng c&#361;ng c&#243; th&#7875; bao g&#7891;m nh&#7919;ng hi&#7879;u &#7913;ng &#273;&#7871;n <em>t&#226;m l&#253;</em> v&#224; <em>c&#7843;m x&#250;c</em> m&#224; t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n &#273;em l&#7841;i.</p><p>T&#7853;p luy&#7879;n Plyometrics &#273;em l&#7841;i l&#7907;i &#237;ch cho &#8220;gen pop&#8221; &#7903; nh&#7919;ng kh&#237;a c&#7841;nh sau:</p><p><em><strong>Ph&#7843;n x&#7841; v&#224; ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng</strong></em>:</p><ul><li><p>T&#259;ng c&#432;&#7901;ng kh&#7843; n&#259;ng <em>truy&#7873;n d&#7851;n t&#237;n hi&#7879;u nhanh ch&#243;ng &#273;&#7871;n c&#417; b&#7855;p</em> c&#7911;a n&#227;o b&#7897; (vd: khi tr&#432;&#7907;t ch&#226;n)</p></li><li><p>R&#232;n luy&#7879;n kh&#7843; n&#259;ng chu&#7849;n b&#7883; c&#7911;a c&#417; th&#7875; tr&#432;&#7899;c va ch&#7841;m b&#7857;ng c&#225;ch <em>k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t tr&#432;&#7899;c</em> c&#417; b&#7855;p tr&#432;&#7899;c khi va ch&#7841;m x&#7843;y ra (<em>pre-activation</em>), theo &#273;&#243; c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; c&#7911;a ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng tr&#432;&#7899;c &#225;p l&#7921;c &#273;&#7897;t ng&#7897;t (vd: tr&#225;nh ch&#432;&#7899;ng ng&#7841;i v&#7853;t).</p></li></ul><p><em><strong>Th&#259;ng b&#7857;ng v&#224; &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh</strong></em>:</p><ul><li><p>C&#7843;i thi&#7879;n nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c v&#7873; v&#7883; tr&#237; c&#7911;a c&#417; th&#7875; trong kh&#244;ng gian (hay <em>proprioception</em>), theo &#273;&#243; gi&#7843;m nguy c&#417; ng&#227; c&#243; th&#7875; x&#7843;y ra trong nh&#7919;ng t&#236;nh hu&#7889;ng nh&#432; di chuy&#7875;n tr&#234;n b&#7873; m&#7863;t g&#7891; gh&#7873; hay ph&#7843;n &#7913;ng v&#7899;i t&#236;nh hu&#7889;ng chuy&#7875;n h&#432;&#7899;ng &#273;&#7897;t ng&#7897;t.</p></li><li><p>C&#7843;i thi&#7879;n kh&#7843; n&#259;ng x&#7917; l&#253; phanh h&#227;m, b&#7857;ng c&#225;ch d&#7841;y c&#417; th&#7875; c&#225;ch h&#7845;p th&#7909; v&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u h&#432;&#7899;ng l&#7921;c hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; khi d&#7915;ng &#273;&#7897; ng&#7897;t hay ti&#7871;p &#273;&#7845;t.</p></li></ul><p><em><strong>Ch&#7913;c n&#259;ng v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng theo tu&#7893;i t&#225;c</strong></em>:</p><ul><li><p>Duy tr&#236; s&#7913;c m&#7841;nh cho nh&#7919;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#7853;t (vd: leo c&#7847;u thang, &#273;&#7913;ng l&#234;n ng&#7891;i xu&#7889;ng)</p></li><li><p>Duy tr&#236; s&#7921; nhanh nh&#7865;n trong chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng, gi&#250;p sinh ho&#7841;t h&#224;ng ng&#224;y tr&#7903; n&#234;n d&#7877; d&#224;ng h&#417;n.</p><div class="instagram-embed-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;instagram_id&quot;:&quot;C5UDV9wSoaJ&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;A post shared by @mcinneswatson&quot;,&quot;author_name&quot;:&quot;mcinneswatson&quot;,&quot;thumbnail_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/__ss-rehost__IG-meta-C5UDV9wSoaJ.jpg&quot;,&quot;like_count&quot;:null,&quot;comment_count&quot;:null,&quot;profile_pic_url&quot;:null,&quot;follower_count&quot;:null,&quot;timestamp&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true}" data-component-name="InstagramToDOM"></div></li></ul><p><em><strong>T&#7921; tin v&#224; s&#7861;n s&#224;ng tr&#432;&#7899;c va ch&#7841;m</strong></em>:</p><ul><li><p>D&#7841;y c&#417; th&#7875; ph&#7843;n x&#7841; t&#7921; &#273;&#7897;ng v&#7899;i thay &#273;&#7893;i b&#7845;t ch&#7907;t, c&#243; th&#7875; gi&#7843;m nguy c&#417; ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng</p></li><li><p>X&#226;y d&#7921;ng s&#7921; t&#7921; tin v&#224; an t&#226;m v&#7873; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng c&#7911;a b&#7843;n th&#226;n, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t &#7903; ng&#432;&#7901;i cao tu&#7893;i hay c&#243; xu h&#432;&#7899;ng s&#7907; ng&#227;</p></li><li><p>Kh&#244;i ph&#7909;c s&#7921; t&#7921; tin v&#224; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng &#7903; nh&#7919;ng v&#7883; tr&#237; kh&#244;ng tho&#7843;i m&#225;i trong qu&#225; tr&#236;nh ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i ch&#7913;c n&#259;ng sau ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng</p></li></ul><p><em><strong>Ni&#7873;m vui</strong></em>:</p><ul><li><p>&#272;em l&#7841;i y&#7871;u t&#7889; &#8220;vui ch&#417;i&#8221; trong t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n th&#244;ng qua c&#225;c ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng b&#7853;t nh&#7843;y, t&#7915; &#273;&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n s&#7921; tu&#226;n th&#7911; ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh t&#7853;p.</p></li></ul><h2>C&#7845;u tr&#250;c &#129460;</h2><p>Nh&#7919;ng th&#237;ch nghi v&#7873; k&#7871;t c&#7845;u di&#7877;n ra &#7903; c&#417;, x&#432;&#417;ng kh&#7899;p, g&#226;n, d&#226;y ch&#7857;ng, l&#224; h&#7879; qu&#7843; c&#7911;a ti&#7871;p x&#250;c v&#7899;i &#225;p l&#7921;c t&#7915; t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n.</p><p>T&#7853;p luy&#7879;n Plyometrics &#273;em l&#7841;i nh&#7919;ng th&#237;ch nghi sau:</p><p><em><strong>C&#417; b&#7855;p v&#224; G&#226;n c&#417;</strong></em></p><ul><li><p>Duy tr&#236; &#273;&#7897; d&#7867;o dai v&#224; &#273;&#224;n h&#7891;i c&#7911;a g&#226;n c&#417; th&#244;ng qua kh&#7843; n&#259;ng &#8220;tr&#432;&#7907;t&#8221; c&#7911;a G&#226;n (gi&#7843;m ma s&#225;t, gi&#250;p g&#226;n co gi&#227;n m&#432;&#7907;t m&#224; v&#224; &#237;t b&#7883; t&#7893;n th&#432;&#417;ng h&#417;n) v&#224; th&#250;c &#273;&#7849;y s&#7843;n sinh Collagen (c&#7847;n thi&#7871;t &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i duy tr&#236; s&#7913;c m&#7841;nh v&#224; &#273;&#7897; b&#7873;n c&#7911;a g&#226;n).</p></li><li><p>L&#224;m kh&#7887;e c&#417; b&#7855;p v&#224; g&#226;n c&#417; &#273;&#7875; ch&#7883;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#225;p l&#7921;c l&#7899;n khi va ch&#7841;m m&#224; kh&#244;ng b&#7883; r&#225;ch, gi&#7843;m thi&#7875;u nguy c&#417; ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng.</p></li><li><p>C&#7843;i thi&#7879;n kh&#7843; n&#259;ng ph&#7889;i h&#7907;p C&#417; b&#7855;p - G&#226;n c&#417; trong chu k&#236; &#8220;co ng&#7855;n - k&#233;o gi&#227;n&#8221; (<em>stretch-shortening cycle</em>), gi&#250;p ti&#7871;t ki&#7879;m s&#7913;c khi b&#7853;t kh&#7887;i m&#7863;t &#273;&#7845;t (r&#7845;t h&#7919;u &#237;ch v&#7899;i Ch&#7841;y b&#7897;) v&#224; n&#226;ng cao c&#244;ng su&#7845;t ph&#225;t l&#7921;c t&#7889;i &#273;a (c&#7847;n thi&#7871;t cho c&#225;c ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng th&#7875; thao - gi&#7843;i tr&#237;).</p></li></ul><p><em><strong>Kh&#7899;p</strong></em></p><ul><li><p>Th&#250;c &#273;&#7849;y s&#7843;n sinh d&#7883;ch kh&#7899;p (c&#249;ng v&#7899;i l&#224;m kh&#7887;e c&#417; b&#7855;p/g&#226;n c&#417; l&#226;n c&#7853;n), c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n hi&#7879;n t&#432;&#7907;ng kh&#244; c&#7913;ng hay kh&#243; ch&#7883;u &#7903; kh&#7899;p</p></li></ul><p><em><strong>Ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i sau ch&#7845;n th&#432;&#417;ng</strong></em></p><ul><li><p>Kh&#244;i ph&#7909;c kh&#7843; n&#259;ng chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng c&#7911;a g&#226;n v&#224; kh&#7899;p trong khi tr&#225;nh g&#226;y qu&#225; t&#7843;i th&#244;ng qua &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n.</p></li><li><p>Th&#250;c &#273;&#7849;y l&#432;u th&#244;ng m&#225;u v&#224; s&#7917;a ch&#7919;a Collagen.</p></li></ul><h2>Chuy&#7875;n h&#243;a &#129728;</h2><p>C&#225;c th&#237;ch nghi v&#7873; chuy&#7875;n h&#243;a li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n nh&#7919;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i v&#7873; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng c&#7911;a h&#7879; tim m&#7841;ch - tu&#7847;n ho&#224;n - h&#244; h&#7845;p, v&#224; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t v&#224; s&#7917; d&#7909;ng n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng c&#7911;a c&#417; th&#7875;.</p><p>Trong khi kh&#244;ng c&#243; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng l&#7899;n &#273;&#7871;n nh&#7919;ng th&#237;ch nghi n&#224;y, t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n Plyometrics c&#243; th&#7875; gi&#225;n ti&#7871;p t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng &#273;&#7871;n tim m&#7841;ch - chuy&#7875;n h&#243;a th&#244;ng qua nh&#7919;ng c&#225;ch sau:</p><ul><li><p>L&#224; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng th&#7875; ch&#7845;t <em><strong>d&#7877; d&#224;ng th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n, &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i t&#7889;i thi&#7875;u</strong></em> v&#7873; trang thi&#7871;t b&#7883;, cho ph&#233;p nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p &#8220;gen pop&#8221; th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nh&#7919;ng bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p ng&#7855;n nh&#432;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&#234;n.</p></li><li><p><em><strong>B&#7893; tr&#7907; t&#7889;t cho Ch&#7841;y b&#7897;</strong></em> - m&#7897;t ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n Th&#7875; l&#7921;c kh&#225;c &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i t&#7889;i thi&#7875;u v&#7873; d&#7909;ng c&#7909;, gi&#250;p ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p Ch&#7841;y c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n kh&#7843; n&#259;ng t&#7853;p Ch&#7841;y c&#7911;a m&#236;nh (m&#224; kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n ch&#7841;y qu&#225; nhi&#7873;u) v&#224; khuy&#7871;n kh&#237;ch m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i r&#232;n luy&#7879;n th&#7875; l&#7921;c &#273;&#7875; n&#226;ng cao th&#7875; ch&#7845;t - s&#7913;c kh&#7887;e.</p></li></ul><div class="instagram-embed-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;instagram_id&quot;:&quot;C3BSP-Lv--z&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;A post shared by @mcinneswatson&quot;,&quot;author_name&quot;:&quot;mcinneswatson&quot;,&quot;thumbnail_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/__ss-rehost__IG-meta-C3BSP-Lv--z.jpg&quot;,&quot;like_count&quot;:null,&quot;comment_count&quot;:null,&quot;profile_pic_url&quot;:null,&quot;follower_count&quot;:null,&quot;timestamp&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true}" data-component-name="InstagramToDOM"></div><h1>&#7912;ng d&#7909;ng th&#7921;c ti&#7877;n</h1><h2>Ph&#226;n lo&#7841;i</h2><p>C&#243; m&#7897;t h&#7879; th&#7889;ng ph&#226;n lo&#7841;i c&#225;c chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng Plyometric s&#7869; cho ph&#233;p m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i tham gia v&#224;o lo&#7841;i h&#236;nh t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n n&#224;y t&#432;&#417;ng &#7913;ng v&#7899;i tr&#236;nh &#273;&#7897; c&#7911;a m&#236;nh v&#224; c&#243; l&#7897; tr&#236;nh t&#259;ng ti&#7871;n th&#237;ch h&#7907;p. Ch&#250;ng ta c&#243; th&#7875; tham kh&#7843;o c&#225;ch ph&#226;n lo&#7841;i c&#7911;a <em><strong>Plus Plyo</strong></em> (ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n b&#7903;i <em><strong>Matt McInness Watson</strong></em>), theo <strong>c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897;</strong> v&#224; <strong>d&#7841;ng chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng</strong></p><h3>Theo C&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897;</h3><p><strong>Nh&#7865; (Light tier):</strong></p><ul><li><p>C&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng t&#225;c c&#417; b&#7843;n, c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; th&#7845;p ph&#249; h&#7907;p cho ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7899;i</p></li><li><p>C&#243; th&#7875; th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n v&#7899;i s&#7889; Reps cao &#273;&#7875; k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t v&#224; th&#250;c &#273;&#7849;y th&#237;ch nghi &#7903; g&#226;n c&#417; m&#224; kh&#244;ng g&#226;y &#225;p l&#7921;c qu&#225; s&#7913;c.</p></li><li><p>C&#243; th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&#234;n (4-5 bu&#7893;i/tu&#7847;n) &#273;&#7875; x&#226;y d&#7921;ng n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng s&#7913;c m&#7841;nh v&#224; th&#7875; l&#7921;c</p></li></ul><p><strong>Trung b&#236;nh (Medium tier):</strong></p><ul><li><p>Nhanh h&#417;n v&#224; ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p h&#417;n, nh&#432;ng v&#7851;n &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i n&#7895; l&#7921;c d&#432;&#7899;i m&#7913;c t&#7889;i &#273;a</p></li><li><p>Th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n 1-2 l&#7847;n/tu&#7847;n cho ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7853;p t&#259;ng ti&#7871;n cao h&#417;n.</p></li></ul><p><strong>Cao (Ping tier)</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>T&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng l&#234;n m&#7863;t &#273;&#7845;t v&#7899;i n&#7895; l&#7921;c v&#224; ch&#7911; &#273;&#237;ch t&#7889;i &#273;a, t&#7853;p trung v&#224;o ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n s&#7921; b&#249;ng n&#7893; khi b&#7853;t kh&#7887;i m&#7863;t &#273;&#7845;t)</p></li><li><p>Ph&#7909;c v&#7909; &#273;&#7889;i t&#432;&#7907;ng ch&#237;nh l&#224; c&#225;c v&#7853;n &#273;&#7897;ng vi&#234;n c&#243; tr&#236;nh &#273;&#7897; cao v&#224; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i mu&#7889;n ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n th&#7875; ch&#7845;t t&#7889;i &#273;a.</p></li></ul><div id="youtube2-0Z8Hy3RWxxA" class="youtube-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;videoId&quot;:&quot;0Z8Hy3RWxxA&quot;,&quot;startTime&quot;:null,&quot;endTime&quot;:null}" data-component-name="Youtube2ToDOM"><div class="youtube-inner"><iframe src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/0Z8Hy3RWxxA?rel=0&amp;autoplay=0&amp;showinfo=0&amp;enablejsapi=0" frameborder="0" loading="lazy" gesture="media" allow="autoplay; fullscreen" allowautoplay="true" allowfullscreen="true" width="728" height="409"></iframe></div></div><h3>Theo d&#7841;ng chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng</h3><p>Theo h&#7879; th&#7889;ng c&#7911;a Plus Plyo, c&#225;c b&#224;i t&#7853;p trong m&#7897;t ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh Plyometrics &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; 4 (ho&#7863;c 5) d&#7841;ng chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng ch&#237;nh</p><ul><li><p>2 ch&#226;n ngang nhau (<em><strong>bilateral</strong></em>): &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh nh&#7845;t</p></li><li><p>2 ch&#226;n, ch&#226;n tr&#432;&#7899;c ch&#226;n sau (<em><strong>split-stance</strong></em>): &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i h&#417;n v&#7873; th&#259;ng b&#7857;ng v&#224; ph&#7889;i h&#7907;p chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng. B&#432;&#7899;c ti&#7871;n ti&#7871;p theo c&#7911;a d&#7841;ng chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng n&#224;y l&#224; thay &#273;&#7893;i ch&#226;n tr&#432;&#7899;c qua l&#7841;i - hay 2 ch&#226;n, ch&#226;n tr&#432;&#7899;c ch&#226;n sau &#273;&#7893;i nhau (<em><strong>split exchange</strong></em>)</p></li><li><p>1 ch&#226;n, &#273;&#7893;i gi&#7919;a hai b&#234;n (<em><strong>bounding</strong></em>): m&#244; ph&#7887;ng chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng khi ch&#7841;y</p></li><li><p>1 ch&#226;n, t&#7915;ng b&#234;n (<em><strong>hopping</strong></em>): ti&#7871;p &#273;&#7845;t v&#224; b&#7853;t nh&#7843;y li&#234;n t&#7909;c &#7903; c&#249;ng m&#7897;t b&#234;n ch&#226;n, &#273;em l&#7841;i c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; cao nh&#7845;t.</p></li></ul><div class="instagram-embed-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;instagram_id&quot;:&quot;DDNL2f2yT3P&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;A post shared by @mcinneswatson&quot;,&quot;author_name&quot;:&quot;mcinneswatson&quot;,&quot;thumbnail_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/__ss-rehost__IG-meta-DDNL2f2yT3P.jpg&quot;,&quot;like_count&quot;:null,&quot;comment_count&quot;:null,&quot;profile_pic_url&quot;:null,&quot;follower_count&quot;:null,&quot;timestamp&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true}" data-component-name="InstagramToDOM"></div><h2>T&#7853;p luy&#7879;n</h2><h3>B&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u v&#7899;i c&#417; b&#7843;n</h3><p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7899;i n&#234;n b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#7897;ng t&#225;c &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n &#273;&#7875; l&#224;m quen v&#7899;i nh&#7883;p &#273;i&#7879;u c&#7911;a chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng</p><ul><li><p><strong>&#8220;Nh&#7845;p&#8221;</strong>: c&#225;c chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng l&#234;n xu&#7889;ng trong m&#7897;t kho&#7843;ng ROM gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n &#273;&#7875; r&#232;n luy&#7879;n t&#237;nh &#273;&#224;n h&#7891;i c&#7911;a g&#226;n</p></li><li><p><strong>Nh&#250;n t&#7841;i ch&#7895;</strong>: nh&#250;n b&#7853;t t&#7841;i ch&#7895; nh&#7865;, li&#234;n t&#7909;c m&#224; kh&#244;ng r&#7901;i kh&#7887;i m&#7863;t &#273;&#7845;t (vd: ch&#7881; nh&#7845;c nh&#7865; g&#243;t ch&#226;n)</p></li><li><p><strong>B&#432;&#7899;c nh&#7887;</strong>: th&#7901;i gian tr&#234;n kh&#244;ng ng&#7855;n (nh&#7843;y kh&#244;ng cao), t&#7853;p trung v&#224;o ti&#7871;p &#273;&#7845;t nh&#7865; v&#224; b&#7853;t l&#234;n nhanh ch&#243;ng.</p></li><li><p><strong>C&#225;c ph&#432;&#417;ng &#225;n h&#7895; tr&#7907;</strong>: v&#7883;n v&#224;o c&#7897;t, t&#432;&#7901;ng hay gh&#7871; &#273;&#7875; h&#7895; tr&#7907; gi&#7919; th&#259;ng b&#7857;ng n&#7871;u c&#7847;n; tr&#7885;ng t&#226;m l&#224; c&#7843;m th&#7845;y tho&#7843;i m&#225;i v&#224; ki&#7875;m so&#225;t trong t&#7915;ng chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng.</p></li></ul><div class="instagram-embed-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;instagram_id&quot;:&quot;DCZmb9vROlP&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;A post shared by @mcinneswatson&quot;,&quot;author_name&quot;:&quot;mcinneswatson&quot;,&quot;thumbnail_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/__ss-rehost__IG-meta-DCZmb9vROlP.jpg&quot;,&quot;like_count&quot;:null,&quot;comment_count&quot;:null,&quot;profile_pic_url&quot;:null,&quot;follower_count&quot;:null,&quot;timestamp&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true}" data-component-name="InstagramToDOM"></div><h3>Ph&#432;&#417;ng &#225;n t&#259;ng ti&#7871;n</h3><p><strong>T&#7915;ng b&#432;&#7899;c t&#259;ng c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897;</strong></p><ul><li><p>b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u v&#7899;i c&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng t&#225;c b&#7853;t nh&#7843;y hai ch&#226;n ngang nhau (<em>bilateral</em>), sau &#273;&#243; &#273;&#7871;n c&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng t&#225;c ch&#226;n tr&#432;&#7899;c - sau (<em>split-stance</em>), r&#7891;i &#273;&#7871;n b&#7853;t nh&#7843;y qua l&#7841;i 2 ch&#226;n (<em>bounding</em>) v&#224; t&#7915;ng ch&#226;n (<em>hopping</em>)</p></li><li><p>B&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u v&#7899;i c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; th&#7845;p h&#417;n (<em>light tier, deep tier</em>) tr&#432;&#7899;c khi t&#259;ng l&#234;n c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; cao h&#417;n (<em>medium, ping tier</em>)</p></li></ul><p><strong>&#272;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh &#273;&#7897;ng t&#225;c</strong>:</p><ul><li><p>Ti&#7871;p &#273;&#7845;t ng&#7855;t qu&#227;ng &#8594; li&#234;n t&#7909;c: b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u v&#7899;i ch&#7881; m&#7897;t l&#7847;n b&#7853;t kh&#7887;i m&#7863;t &#273;&#7845;t, sau &#273;&#243; t&#259;ng ti&#7871;n l&#234;n ti&#7871;p &#273;&#7845;t li&#234;n t&#7909;c nhi&#7873;u l&#7847;n h&#417;n &#273;&#7875; t&#259;ng c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897;.</p></li><li><p>Th&#234;m y&#7871;u t&#7889; thay &#273;&#7893;i h&#432;&#7899;ng (vd: v&#7873; ph&#237;a tr&#432;&#7899;c, gi&#7853;t l&#249;i, sang ngang).</p></li></ul><h3>T&#237;ch h&#7907;p v&#224;o l&#7883;ch t&#7853;p h&#224;ng tu&#7847;n</h3><p><em><strong>T&#7847;n su&#7845;t</strong></em>:</p><ul><li><p>C&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; nh&#7865; (light tier): c&#243; th&#7875; th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n g&#7847;n nh&#432; h&#224;ng ng&#224;y (4-5 bu&#7893;i/tu&#7847;n) &#273;&#7875; r&#232;n luy&#7879;n g&#226;n c&#417;. C&#243; th&#7875; th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n h&#224;ng ng&#224;y v&#7899;i m&#7897;t bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p ng&#7855;n (5-10 ph&#250;t) &#273;&#7875; c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n th&#7875; ch&#7845;t trong khi ti&#7871;t ki&#7879;m th&#7901;i gian.</p></li><li><p>C&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; trung b&#236;nh - cao: 1-2 bu&#7893;i/tu&#7847;n v&#7899;i &#273;&#7911; th&#7901;i gian h&#7891;i ph&#7909;c (48 - 72 gi&#7901;)</p></li></ul><p><em><strong>B&#7889; c&#7909;c trong bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p</strong></em>:</p><ul><li><p>S&#7917; d&#7909;ng c&#225;c b&#224;i t&#7853;p Plyometrics trong m&#7897;t bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p ri&#234;ng ho&#7863;c k&#7871;t h&#7907;p v&#7899;i m&#7897;t lo&#7841;i h&#236;nh t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n kh&#225;c (Kh&#225;ng l&#7921;c, Th&#7875; l&#7921;c)</p></li><li><p>S&#7917; d&#7909;ng <em>light tier</em> nh&#432; ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng kh&#7903;i &#273;&#7897;ng hay k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t tr&#432;&#7899;c khi t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n.</p></li><li><p>Gh&#233;p c&#225;c b&#224;i t&#7853;p <em>deep tier</em> v&#7899;i bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p Kh&#225;ng l&#7921;c &#273;&#7875; c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n &#273;&#7897; linh ho&#7841;t v&#224; k&#237;ch ho&#7841;t c&#417; b&#7855;p.</p></li></ul><div class="instagram-embed-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;instagram_id&quot;:&quot;C66gGxZrZqH&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;A post shared by @mcinneswatson&quot;,&quot;author_name&quot;:&quot;mcinneswatson&quot;,&quot;thumbnail_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/__ss-rehost__IG-meta-C66gGxZrZqH.jpg&quot;,&quot;like_count&quot;:null,&quot;comment_count&quot;:null,&quot;profile_pic_url&quot;:null,&quot;follower_count&quot;:null,&quot;timestamp&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true}" data-component-name="InstagramToDOM"></div><h3><strong>M&#7897;t s&#7889; c&#226;n nh&#7855;c th&#7921;c ti&#7877;n</strong></h3><p><strong>B&#7873; m&#7863;t t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n</strong></p><ul><li><p>Ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7899;i t&#7853;p n&#234;n b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u v&#7899;i c&#225;c m&#7863;t ph&#7859;ng m&#7873;m h&#417;n (c&#7887;, &#273;&#7879;m c&#7913;ng) &#273;&#7875; l&#224;m gi&#7843;m va ch&#7841;m, v&#224; chuy&#7875;n sang d&#7847;n c&#225;c m&#7863;t ph&#7859;ng c&#7913;ng h&#417;n &#273;&#7875; t&#259;ng k&#237;ch th&#237;ch.</p></li><li><p>Theo d&#245;i c&#7843;m gi&#225;c &#273;au m&#7887;i sau bu&#7893;i t&#7853;p &#273;&#7875; &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; cho ph&#249; h&#7907;p.</p></li></ul><p><strong>Ki&#7875;m so&#225;t Volume</strong></p><ul><li><p>B&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u v&#7899;i s&#7889; Reps th&#7845;p (vd: 10 l&#7847;n b&#7853;t nh&#7843;y nh&#7865;) v&#224; t&#7853;p trung v&#224;o k&#297; thu&#7853;t thay v&#236; &#273;&#7897; cao hay &#273;&#7897; ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p.</p></li><li><p>Theo d&#245;i m&#7879;t m&#7887;i th&#244;ng qua thay &#273;&#7893;i v&#7873; t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;ng, &#273;&#7897; cao hay th&#7901;i gian ti&#7871;p &#273;&#7845;t. D&#7915;ng t&#7853;p khi kh&#7843; n&#259;ng t&#7853;p gi&#7843;m (vd: t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; ch&#7853;m h&#417;n, c&#7843;m gi&#225;c n&#7863;ng n&#7873;, m&#7845;t ki&#7875;m so&#225;t).</p></li></ul><div class="instagram-embed-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;instagram_id&quot;:&quot;C_gsdUYyAlI&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;A post shared by @mcinneswatson&quot;,&quot;author_name&quot;:&quot;mcinneswatson&quot;,&quot;thumbnail_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/__ss-rehost__IG-meta-C_gsdUYyAlI.jpg&quot;,&quot;like_count&quot;:null,&quot;comment_count&quot;:null,&quot;profile_pic_url&quot;:null,&quot;follower_count&quot;:null,&quot;timestamp&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true}" data-component-name="InstagramToDOM"></div><p><strong>&#272;&#417;n gi&#7843;n h&#243;a cho hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; t&#7889;i &#273;a</strong></p><ul><li><p>T&#7853;p trung v&#224;o c&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng t&#225;c &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n v&#7899;i ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng cao nh&#7857;m t&#7889;i &#273;a h&#243;a c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897;, kh&#244;ng &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p th&#225;i qu&#225;.</p></li><li><p>Tr&#225;nh ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p h&#243;a &#273;&#7897;ng t&#225;c v&#7899;i c&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng t&#225;c chuy&#7875;n h&#432;&#7899;ng hay ch&#432;&#7899;ng ng&#7841;i th&#225;i qu&#225;, v&#7889;n c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224;m gi&#7843;m k&#237;ch th&#237;ch v&#224; d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n t&#7853;p luy&#7879;n k&#233;m hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; h&#417;n.</p></li></ul><div class="instagram-embed-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;instagram_id&quot;:&quot;DCj0_CLP8A7&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;A post shared by @mcinneswatson&quot;,&quot;author_name&quot;:&quot;mcinneswatson&quot;,&quot;thumbnail_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/__ss-rehost__IG-meta-DCj0_CLP8A7.jpg&quot;,&quot;like_count&quot;:null,&quot;comment_count&quot;:null,&quot;profile_pic_url&quot;:null,&quot;follower_count&quot;:null,&quot;timestamp&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true}" data-component-name="InstagramToDOM"></div>]]></content:encoded></item></channel></rss>